JP2015231303A - Charging system for vehicle - Google Patents
Charging system for vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015231303A JP2015231303A JP2014117481A JP2014117481A JP2015231303A JP 2015231303 A JP2015231303 A JP 2015231303A JP 2014117481 A JP2014117481 A JP 2014117481A JP 2014117481 A JP2014117481 A JP 2014117481A JP 2015231303 A JP2015231303 A JP 2015231303A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
- Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
- Y04S30/12—Remote or cooperative charging
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- Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、電気自動車やプラグインハイブリッド車等に搭載されるバッテリーに電力を供給して充電する充電システムに関するものである。 The present invention relates to a charging system that supplies electric power to a battery mounted on an electric vehicle, a plug-in hybrid vehicle, or the like and charges the battery.
近年、バッテリーに蓄えられた電力の供給に基づいて動作するモータを搭載し、そのモータの駆動力により走行可能とした電気自動車やプラグインハイブリッド車が実用化されている。 In recent years, electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles that are equipped with a motor that operates based on the supply of electric power stored in a battery and that can be driven by the driving force of the motor have been put into practical use.
このような自動車では、充電ステーションあるいは一般家屋に設置される給電装置と、自動車に搭載される充電装置及び充電制御装置を充電ケーブルを介して接続することにより、給電装置からバッテリーに電力を供給してバッテリーを充電可能となっている。 In such a car, a power supply device installed in a charging station or a general house is connected to a charging device and a charge control device mounted in the car via a charging cable, so that power is supplied from the power supply device to the battery. The battery can be charged.
充電ケーブルには、給電線に加えて、接地線、制御用線が内包されている。制御用線は、給電制御に用いられるコントロールパイロット信号等の制御信号の伝送に用いられる配線である。そして、制御用線を介して、給電装置と自動車間で制御信号を送受信することにより、充電ケーブルの接続状態、充電可否の状態、充電の状態等種々の状態が検知され、検知された状態に応じて充電制御が行われる。 The charging cable includes a ground line and a control line in addition to the power supply line. The control line is a wiring used for transmission of a control signal such as a control pilot signal used for power supply control. And, by transmitting and receiving control signals between the power supply device and the vehicle via the control line, various states such as the connection state of the charging cable, the state of chargeability, the state of charge, etc. are detected, and the state is detected. Charge control is performed accordingly.
また、給電装置からの給電を要する自動車では、給電制御のための情報、給電量や課金の管理を行うための通信信号が、給電装置と自動車信号の間でＰＬＣ通信機能により送受信されている。 Further, in a vehicle that requires power supply from the power supply device, information for power supply control, and a communication signal for managing power supply amount and billing are transmitted and received between the power supply device and the vehicle signal by the PLC communication function.
これらの通信信号は、前記制御信号より高い周波数帯域の信号として、制御信号に重畳するｉｎｂａｎｄ通信で制御用線を介して送受信される。前記制御信号は、１ｋＨｚの矩形波を搬送波として送受信され、前記通信信号は例えば３０ｋＨｚ〜４５０ｋＨｚの周波数の搬送波が低速通信用の帯域として使用され、例えば２ＭＨｚ〜３０ＭＨｚの周波数の搬送波が高速通信用の帯域として使用される。 These communication signals are transmitted / received via the control line as in-band communication superimposed on the control signal as a signal having a higher frequency band than the control signal. The control signal is transmitted / received using a 1 kHz rectangular wave as a carrier wave. The communication signal uses a carrier wave having a frequency of 30 kHz to 450 kHz, for example, as a low-speed communication band. For example, a carrier wave having a frequency of 2 MHz to 30 MHz is used for high-speed communication. Used as a band.
また、給電装置に供給される商用電源に基づいてバッテリーをＡＣ充電する場合には、制御用線に重畳される通信信号により給電線に発生するクロストークノイズの上限がＣＩＳＰＲ２２規格で設定されている。従って、制御用線に重畳するＰＬＣ通信電圧は、ＣＩＳＰＲ２２規格をクリアするレベルに設定される。 When the battery is AC-charged based on the commercial power supplied to the power supply device, the upper limit of crosstalk noise generated in the power supply line by the communication signal superimposed on the control line is set in the CISPR22 standard. . Therefore, the PLC communication voltage superimposed on the control line is set to a level that clears the CISPR22 standard.
特許文献１には、自動車のバッテリーにＡＣ充電を行う充電システムにおいて、制御用線に制御信号と通信信号を重畳しながら、制御信号による通信信号への悪影響を抑制する構成が開示されている。 Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a control signal and a communication signal are superimposed on a control line and an adverse effect on the communication signal due to the control signal is suppressed in a charging system that performs AC charging on an automobile battery.
近年、共通のコネクタ及び充電ケーブルを使用して、ＡＣ充電と、ＤＣ急速充電とを任意に選択して行うことを可能とした自動車用充電システムが提案されている。
しかし、ＤＣ急速充電では給電線に載るノイズレベルがＡＣ充電の場合に比して高くなるため、制御用線に載るクロストークノイズレベルが上昇する。従って、ＣＩＳＰＲ２２規格をクリアするレベルに設定されたＰＬＣ通信電圧では、安定した通信を行うことができない。
In recent years, there has been proposed an automotive charging system that can arbitrarily select AC charging and DC quick charging using a common connector and a charging cable.
However, since the noise level on the power supply line is higher in DC quick charging than in the case of AC charging, the crosstalk noise level on the control line is increased. Therefore, stable communication cannot be performed with the PLC communication voltage set to a level that clears the CISPR22 standard.
この発明はこのような事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は共通の充電ケーブルを介して、ＡＣ充電及びＤＣ急速充電のいずれかを選択して行うことを可能とし、かつＤＣ急速充電時に安定したＰＬＣ通信を可能とする自動車用充電システムを提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to make it possible to select and perform either AC charging or DC rapid charging via a common charging cable, and DC rapid charging. An object of the present invention is to provide a charging system for a vehicle that sometimes enables stable PLC communication.
上記課題を解決する自動車用充電システムは、ＡＣ電力供給部とＤＣ電力供給部のうち少なくともＤＣ電力供給部を備えた給電装置と、前記ＤＣ電力供給部若しくは前記ＡＣ電力供給部及びＤＣ電力供給部にそれぞれ接続された給電線を内包する充電ケーブルと、前記充電ケーブルを介して供給されるＡＣ電力若しくはＤＣ電力に基づいてＡＣ充電あるいはＤＣ充電されるバッテリーを搭載した車両と、前記給電装置に設けられ、前記充電ケーブルに備えられた制御用線を介して充電制御のための制御信号を送受信する給電制御部と、前記車両に設けられ、前記給電制御部との間で前記制御用線を介して制御信号を送受信する充電制御部と、前記給電装置と前記車両にそれぞれ設けられ、前記制御用線を介してＰＬＣ通信を行うＰＬＣモデムとを備えた自動車用充電システムにおいて、前記ＰＬＣモデムには、前記ＰＬＣ通信を行うための通信信号の振幅を、前記ＡＣ充電時より前記ＤＣ充電時で大きくする振幅調整部を備えたことを特徴とする。 A vehicle charging system that solves the above problems includes a power supply device including at least a DC power supply unit among an AC power supply unit and a DC power supply unit, and the DC power supply unit or the AC power supply unit and the DC power supply unit. A charging cable including a power supply line connected to the battery, a vehicle equipped with a battery that is AC-charged or DC-charged based on AC power or DC power supplied via the charging cable, and the power supply device. A power supply control unit that transmits and receives a control signal for charge control via a control line provided in the charging cable, and the vehicle is provided with the power supply control unit via the control line. A charge control unit that transmits and receives control signals, and a PLC modem that is provided in each of the power feeding device and the vehicle and performs PLC communication via the control line The PLC modem includes an amplitude adjustment unit that increases an amplitude of a communication signal for performing the PLC communication at the time of the DC charging than at the time of the AC charging. To do.
この構成により、ＤＣ充電時のＰＬＣ通信の通信信号の振幅は、ＡＣ充電時の振幅より大きく設定されるので、ＤＣ充電時のＰＬＣ通信の通信信号のＳ／Ｎ比が改善される。
また、上記の自動車用充電システムにおいて、前記振幅調整部は、前記通信信号をデジタル信号で処理する送信制御回路に、前記ＡＣ充電時の通信信号の振幅値と前記ＤＣ充電時の通信信号の振幅値をあらかじめ格納した記憶装置を備え、格納されている振幅値に基づいて通信信号の振幅値をデジタル値で調整することが好ましい。
With this configuration, the amplitude of the communication signal for PLC communication during DC charging is set to be greater than the amplitude during AC charging, so that the S / N ratio of the communication signal for PLC communication during DC charging is improved.
Further, in the above-described automotive charging system, the amplitude adjustment unit may transmit a transmission control circuit that processes the communication signal with a digital signal to an amplitude value of the communication signal during the AC charging and an amplitude of the communication signal during the DC charging. It is preferable to provide a storage device that stores values in advance and adjust the amplitude value of the communication signal with a digital value based on the stored amplitude value.
この構成により、ＤＣ充電時には通信信号の振幅値が記憶装置に格納されているＤＣ充電時の振幅値に調整される。
また、上記の自動車用充電システムにおいて、前記振幅調整部は、前記ＡＣ充電時の通信信号の振幅値を初期値として設定し、前記ＤＣ充電時には、前記記憶装置に格納されているＤＣ充電時の振幅値に基づいて前記通信信号の振幅を拡大することが好ましい。
With this configuration, during DC charging, the amplitude value of the communication signal is adjusted to the amplitude value during DC charging stored in the storage device.
Further, in the above-described automotive charging system, the amplitude adjustment unit sets an amplitude value of a communication signal during the AC charging as an initial value, and during the DC charging, the amplitude adjustment unit stores a DC charging time stored in the storage device. It is preferable to expand the amplitude of the communication signal based on the amplitude value.
この構成により、前記ＤＣ充電時には、通信信号の振幅がＡＣ充電時の振幅からＤＣ充電時の振幅に拡大される。
また、上記の自動車用充電システムにおいて、前記振幅調整部は、前記ＤＣ充電時の通信信号の振幅値を初期値として設定し、前記ＡＣ充電時には、前記記憶装置に格納されているＡＣ充電時の振幅値に基づいて前記通信信号の振幅を縮小することが好ましい。
With this configuration, during the DC charging, the amplitude of the communication signal is expanded from the amplitude during AC charging to the amplitude during DC charging.
Further, in the above-described automobile charging system, the amplitude adjustment unit sets an amplitude value of a communication signal at the time of DC charging as an initial value, and at the time of AC charging, the amplitude adjustment unit stores the value at the time of AC charging stored in the storage device. It is preferable to reduce the amplitude of the communication signal based on the amplitude value.
この構成により、前記ＡＣ充電時には、通信信号の振幅がＤＣ充電時の振幅からＡＣ充電時の振幅に縮小される。
また、上記の自動車用充電システムにおいて、前記振幅調整部は、前記ＡＣ充電時の通信信号の振幅値と、前記ＤＣ充電時の通信信号の振幅値をアナログ値であらかじめ格納した記憶装置を備え、格納されている振幅値に基づいて前記ＰＬＣモデムの出力回路の利得を調整することが好ましい。
With this configuration, during the AC charging, the amplitude of the communication signal is reduced from the amplitude during DC charging to the amplitude during AC charging.
Further, in the above-described automobile charging system, the amplitude adjustment unit includes a storage device that stores in advance, as analog values, the amplitude value of the communication signal during the AC charging and the amplitude value of the communication signal during the DC charging, It is preferable to adjust the gain of the output circuit of the PLC modem based on the stored amplitude value.
この構成により、ＤＣ充電時には通信信号の振幅値が記憶装置に格納されている振幅値となるようにＰＬＣモデムの出力回路の利得が調整される。 With this configuration, the gain of the output circuit of the PLC modem is adjusted so that the amplitude value of the communication signal becomes the amplitude value stored in the storage device during DC charging.
本発明の自動車用充電システムによれば、共通の充電ケーブルを介して、ＡＣ充電及びＤＣ急速充電のいずれかを選択して行い得るとともに、ＤＣ急速充電時に安定したＰＬＣ通信を可能とすることができる。 According to the vehicle charging system of the present invention, it is possible to select either AC charging or DC rapid charging via a common charging cable, and to enable stable PLC communication during DC rapid charging. it can.
以下、自動車の充電システムの一実施形態を図１及び図２に従って説明する。図１に示す自動車の充電システムは、給電装置１とバッテリー２を搭載した車両３を充電ケーブル４で接続して、ＡＣ充電あるいはＤＣ急速充電でバッテリー２を充電するものである。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of an automobile charging system will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. The vehicle charging system shown in FIG. 1 connects a vehicle 3 equipped with a power feeding device 1 and a battery 2 with a charging cable 4 and charges the battery 2 by AC charging or DC rapid charging.
給電装置１内には、ＡＣ電力供給部５と、ＤＣ電力供給部６と、給電制御部７が配設される。ＡＣ電力供給部５は、例えば交流１００Ｖの商用電源ＡＣＶが供給され、ＡＣ充電開始時に給電制御部７から出力されるＡＣ充電開始信号ａｓ１の供給に基づいて、前記充電ケーブル４内の給電線８ａ，８ｂにＡＣ電力を供給する。 An AC power supply unit 5, a DC power supply unit 6, and a power supply control unit 7 are disposed in the power supply apparatus 1. The AC power supply unit 5 is supplied with, for example, an AC 100V commercial power supply ACV, and based on the supply of the AC charging start signal as1 output from the power supply control unit 7 at the start of AC charging, the power supply line 8a in the charging cable 4 , 8b is supplied with AC power.
ＤＣ電力供給部６は、例えば交流１００Ｖの商用電源ＡＣＶの供給に基づいて直流電圧を生成し、且つＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ等の電圧変換部により所定の直流電圧ＤＣＶを生成して、リレー９に出力する。そして、ＤＣ急速充電開始時に給電制御部７から出力されるＤＣ充電開始信号ｄｓ１の供給に基づいてリレー９が導通状態となり、前記充電ケーブル４内の給電線１０ａ，１０ｂにＤＣ電力が供給される。 The DC power supply unit 6 generates a DC voltage based on, for example, supply of a commercial power supply ACV of 100 V AC, and generates a predetermined DC voltage DCV by a voltage conversion unit such as a DC / DC converter, and outputs it to the relay 9 To do. Then, the relay 9 is turned on based on the supply of the DC charging start signal ds1 output from the power supply control unit 7 at the start of DC rapid charging, and DC power is supplied to the power supply lines 10a and 10b in the charging cable 4. .
前記給電制御部７には、コントロールパイロット信号等の制御信号ｃｐを送受信する制御用線１１ａ，１１ｂが接続され、その制御用線１１ａ，１１ｂは前記充電ケーブル４内に延設されている。前記制御信号ｃｐは、例えば１ｋＨｚの矩形波を搬送信号として送信される。また、制御用線１１ａ，１１ｂの一方は、接地線である。 Control lines 11 a and 11 b for transmitting and receiving a control signal cp such as a control pilot signal are connected to the power supply control unit 7, and the control lines 11 a and 11 b are extended in the charging cable 4. The control signal cp is transmitted using, for example, a 1 kHz rectangular wave as a carrier signal. One of the control lines 11a and 11b is a ground line.
前記給電線８ａ，８ｂ，１０ａ，１０ｂ及び前記制御用線１１ａ，１１ｂは、充電ケーブル４の先端部に取着されるプラグ１２にそれぞれ接続され、そのプラグ１２は前記車両３に設けられる受電コネクタ１３に接続可能である。 The feeder lines 8a, 8b, 10a, 10b and the control lines 11a, 11b are respectively connected to a plug 12 attached to the front end of the charging cable 4, and the plug 12 is a power receiving connector provided in the vehicle 3. 13 can be connected.
そして、プラグ１２が受電コネクタ１３に接続されると、給電線８ａ，８ｂは受電コネクタ１３及び車両３内の給電線１４ａ，１４ｂを介して充電装置１５に接続される。
また、プラグ１２が受電コネクタ１３に接続されると、給電線１０ａ，１０ｂは受電コネクタ１３及び車両３内の給電線１６ａ，１６ｂ及びリレー１７を介して前記バッテリー２に接続可能である。
When the plug 12 is connected to the power receiving connector 13, the power supply lines 8 a and 8 b are connected to the charging device 15 via the power receiving connector 13 and the power supply lines 14 a and 14 b in the vehicle 3.
When the plug 12 is connected to the power receiving connector 13, the power feeding lines 10 a and 10 b can be connected to the battery 2 via the power receiving connector 13, the power feeding lines 16 a and 16 b in the vehicle 3 and the relay 17.
また、プラグ１２が受電コネクタ１３に接続されると、制御用線１１ａ，１１ｂは受電コネクタ１３及び車両３内の制御用線１８ａ，１８ｂを介して充電制御部１９に接続される。 When the plug 12 is connected to the power receiving connector 13, the control lines 11 a and 11 b are connected to the charge control unit 19 via the power receiving connector 13 and the control lines 18 a and 18 b in the vehicle 3.
従って、給電制御部７と充電制御部１９とは制御用線１１ａ，１１ｂ，１８ａ，１８ｂを介して制御信号ｃｐを送受信可能となっている。
前記充電制御部１９は、ＤＣ充電開始時に前記リレー１７にＤＣ充電開始信号ｄｓ２を出力し、リレー１７はＤＣ充電開始信号ｄｓ２の入力に基づいて接点が導通状態となる。この結果、ＤＣ電力供給部６からリレー９、給電線１０ａ，１０ｂ，１６ａ，１６ｂ及びリレー１７を介してバッテリー２にＤＣ電力が供給される。
Therefore, the power supply control unit 7 and the charge control unit 19 can transmit and receive the control signal cp through the control lines 11a, 11b, 18a, and 18b.
The charging control unit 19 outputs a DC charging start signal ds2 to the relay 17 at the start of DC charging, and the contact of the relay 17 becomes conductive based on the input of the DC charging start signal ds2. As a result, DC power is supplied from the DC power supply unit 6 to the battery 2 via the relay 9, the feeder lines 10 a, 10 b, 16 a, 16 b and the relay 17.
また、前記充電制御部１９は、ＡＣ充電開始時に前記充電装置１５にＡＣ充電開始信号ａｓ２を出力する。充電装置１５は、ＡＣ充電開始信号ａｓ２の入力に基づいて、給電線１４ａ，１４ｂを介して供給されるＡＣ電力でバッテリー２を充電する。 Further, the charging control unit 19 outputs an AC charging start signal as2 to the charging device 15 at the start of AC charging. The charging device 15 charges the battery 2 with AC power supplied via the feeder lines 14a and 14b based on the input of the AC charging start signal as2.
前記給電装置１と車両３には、給電制御部７と充電制御部１９との間で前記制御用線１１ａ，１１ｂ，１８ａ，１８ｂを介したＰＬＣ通信を行うためのＰＬＣモデム２０，２１が配設されている。給電制御のための情報、給電量や課金の管理を行うための通信信号が、給電装置１と車両３との間でＰＬＣ通信機能により送受信される。 The power supply device 1 and the vehicle 3 are provided with PLC modems 20 and 21 for performing PLC communication between the power supply control unit 7 and the charge control unit 19 via the control lines 11a, 11b, 18a, and 18b. It is installed. Information for power supply control, and a communication signal for managing power supply amount and billing are transmitted and received between the power supply apparatus 1 and the vehicle 3 by the PLC communication function.
前記ＰＬＣモデム２０，２１の変調方式は、耐ノイズ性に優れたＯＦＤＭ（orthogonal frequency division multiplex：直交周波数分割多重）方式が採用されている。
給電装置１側のＰＬＣモデム２０と制御用線１１ａ，１１ｂとの間には重畳分離部２２が介在され、さらに重畳分離部２２と制御用線１１ａ，１１ｂとの間にコンデンサ２４ａ，２４ｂが介在されている。そして、制御用線１１ａと給電制御部７との間にローパスフィルタ２３が介在されている。
As a modulation method of the PLC modems 20 and 21, an OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplex) method having excellent noise resistance is adopted.
A superposition / separation unit 22 is interposed between the PLC modem 20 on the power feeding device 1 side and the control lines 11a and 11b, and capacitors 24a and 24b are interposed between the superposition / separation unit 22 and the control lines 11a and 11b. Has been. A low-pass filter 23 is interposed between the control line 11 a and the power supply control unit 7.
同様に、車両３側のＰＬＣモデム２１と制御用線１８ａ，１８ｂとの間には重畳分離部２５が介在され、さらに重畳分離部２５と制御用線１８ａ，１８ｂとの間にコンデンサ２７ａ，２７ｂが介在されている。そして、制御用線１８ａと充電制御部１９との間にローパスフィルタ２６が介在されている。 Similarly, a superposition / separation unit 25 is interposed between the PLC modem 21 on the vehicle 3 side and the control lines 18a and 18b, and capacitors 27a and 27b are further interposed between the superposition / separation unit 25 and the control lines 18a and 18b. Is intervened. A low-pass filter 26 is interposed between the control line 18 a and the charging control unit 19.
前記給電制御部７とＰＬＣモデム２０との間では、給電制御部７から送信される通信信号ｔｓ１と、ＰＬＣモデム２０から給電制御部７に送信される通信信号ｔｓ２を相互に送受信可能である。また、前記充電制御部１９とＰＬＣモデム２１との間では、充電制御部から送信される通信信号ｔｓ２と、ＰＬＣモデム２１から充電制御部１９に送信される通信信号ｔｓ１を相互に送受信可能である。 Between the power supply control unit 7 and the PLC modem 20, a communication signal ts1 transmitted from the power supply control unit 7 and a communication signal ts2 transmitted from the PLC modem 20 to the power supply control unit 7 can be transmitted and received. Further, between the charge control unit 19 and the PLC modem 21, a communication signal ts2 transmitted from the charge control unit and a communication signal ts1 transmitted from the PLC modem 21 to the charge control unit 19 can be transmitted and received with each other. .
通信信号ｔｓ１，ｔｓ２は、ＰＬＣモデム２０，２１の動作により、例えば３０ｋＨｚ〜４５０ｋＨｚの周波数の搬送波が低速通信用の帯域として使用され、例えば２ＭＨｚ〜３０ＭＨｚの周波数の搬送波が高速通信用の帯域として使用される。 As for the communication signals ts1 and ts2, for example, a carrier wave with a frequency of 30 kHz to 450 kHz is used as a low-speed communication band, for example, a carrier wave with a frequency of 2 MHz to 30 MHz is used as a high-speed communication band. Is done.
このような構成により、給電制御部７から送信される通信信号ｔｓ１は、ＰＬＣモデム２０及び重畳分離部２２を介して制御用線１１ａ，１１ｂに出力されるとともに、制御用線１８ａ，１８ｂから重畳分離部２５を介してＰＬＣモデム２１で読み取られ、充電制御部１９に出力される。 With such a configuration, the communication signal ts1 transmitted from the power supply control unit 7 is output to the control lines 11a and 11b via the PLC modem 20 and the superposition / separation unit 22, and is superimposed on the control lines 18a and 18b. The data is read by the PLC modem 21 via the separation unit 25 and output to the charge control unit 19.
また、充電制御部１９から送信される通信信号ｔｓ２は、ＰＬＣモデム２１及び重畳分離部２５を介して制御用線１８ａ，１８ｂに出力されるとともに、制御用線１１ａ，１１ｂから重畳分離部２２を介してＰＬＣモデム２０で読み取られ、給電制御部７に出力される。 The communication signal ts2 transmitted from the charging control unit 19 is output to the control lines 18a and 18b via the PLC modem 21 and the superposition / separation unit 25, and the superposition / separation unit 22 is transmitted from the control lines 11a and 11b. Via the PLC modem 20 and output to the power supply controller 7.
次に、前記ＰＬＣモデム２０，２１の具体的構成を説明する。図２に示すように、ＰＬＣモデム２０は送信部２８と受信部２９を備えている。送信部２８では、給電制御部７から送信される通信信号ｔｓ１がＭＡＣ／ＰＨＹインターフェース３０を介して送信制御回路３１に入力される。 Next, a specific configuration of the PLC modems 20 and 21 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the PLC modem 20 includes a transmission unit 28 and a reception unit 29. In the transmission unit 28, the communication signal ts 1 transmitted from the power supply control unit 7 is input to the transmission control circuit 31 through the MAC / PHY interface 30.
送信制御回路３１は、デジタルデータとして受信した通信信号ｔｓ１を暗号化し、その暗号化データに誤り訂正処理を施す。誤り訂正処理は、受信部２９側でビット誤り等の誤りに対する検出及び訂正処理を可能とするための処理であり、例えばパリティチェック等の処理に用いるパリティビット等の符号を付加する処理である。 The transmission control circuit 31 encrypts the communication signal ts1 received as digital data, and performs error correction processing on the encrypted data. The error correction processing is processing for enabling detection and correction processing for errors such as bit errors on the receiving unit 29 side. For example, the error correction processing is processing for adding a code such as a parity bit used for processing such as parity check.
次いで、ＡＣ充電あるいはＤＣ高速充電に対応して重畳分離部２２から制御用線１１ａ，１１ｂに出力する通信信号の電圧振幅を調整するためのマッピング処理を行う。ＡＣ充電時あるいはＤＣ高速充電時に対応した電圧振幅値がメモリ３２にあらかじめ格納されていて、誤り訂正処理された通信信号に対しＡＣ充電あるいはＤＣ高速充電に対応する電圧振幅値が設定された後、逆フーリエ変換（ＩＦＦＴ）処理が施される。 Next, mapping processing for adjusting the voltage amplitude of the communication signal output from the superposition / separation unit 22 to the control lines 11a and 11b corresponding to AC charging or DC high-speed charging is performed. After the voltage amplitude value corresponding to AC charging or DC fast charging is stored in the memory 32 in advance, and the voltage amplitude value corresponding to AC charging or DC fast charging is set for the error corrected communication signal, Inverse Fourier transform (IFFT) processing is performed.
このようにして、送信制御回路３１ではメモリ３２にあらかじめデジタル値で格納されている電圧振幅値に基づいて、ＡＣ充電あるいはＤＣ高速充電に対応する通信信号の電圧振幅値を設定する。 In this way, the transmission control circuit 31 sets the voltage amplitude value of the communication signal corresponding to AC charging or DC fast charging based on the voltage amplitude value stored in advance in the memory 32 as a digital value.
ここで、ＡＣ充電に対応する電圧振幅として０．４Ｖが設定され、ＤＣ高速充電に対応する電圧振幅として１．３Ｖが設定される。
送信制御回路３１の出力信号は、Ｄ／Ａ変換回路３３でアナログ信号に変換され、ＡＦＥ３４を介してアナログ電圧信号として重畳分離部２２に出力する。重畳分離部２２は、入力された通信信号を制御用線１１ａ，１１ｂに重畳して出力する。
Here, 0.4 V is set as the voltage amplitude corresponding to AC charging, and 1.3 V is set as the voltage amplitude corresponding to DC fast charging.
The output signal of the transmission control circuit 31 is converted into an analog signal by the D / A conversion circuit 33 and is output to the superposition / separation unit 22 as an analog voltage signal via the AFE 34. The superimposing / separating unit 22 superimposes the input communication signal on the control lines 11a and 11b and outputs it.
ＰＬＣモデム２０の受信部２９では、前記送信部２８の処理の逆の処理を行う。すなわち、制御用線１１ａ，１１ｂに重畳されて送信されている通信信号ｔｓ２が重畳分離部で分離されてＡＦＥ３５を介してＡ／Ｄ変換回路３６に入力される。Ａ／Ｄ変換回路３６は、入力されたアナログ電圧信号をデジタルデータに変換して、受信制御回路３７に出力する。 The receiving unit 29 of the PLC modem 20 performs processing reverse to the processing of the transmitting unit 28. That is, the communication signal ts <b> 2 that is transmitted while being superimposed on the control lines 11 a and 11 b is separated by the superposition separation unit and input to the A / D conversion circuit 36 via the AFE 35. The A / D conversion circuit 36 converts the input analog voltage signal into digital data and outputs the digital data to the reception control circuit 37.
受信制御回路３７は、Ａ／Ｄ変換回路３６から出力されるデジタル信号にフーリエ変換（ＦＦＴ）処理を施し、次いで誤り訂正処理を行った後、複合処理を行う。すると、充電制御部１９から出力された通信信号ｔｓ２が再生され、その通信信号ｔｓ２がＭＡＣ／ＰＨＹインターフェース３８を介して給電制御部７に出力される。 The reception control circuit 37 performs a Fourier transform (FFT) process on the digital signal output from the A / D conversion circuit 36, performs an error correction process, and then performs a composite process. Then, the communication signal ts2 output from the charging control unit 19 is reproduced, and the communication signal ts2 is output to the power supply control unit 7 via the MAC / PHY interface 38.
車両３側のＰＬＣモデム２１は、送信部及び受信部に充電制御部１９が接続される点を除いて、前記ＰＬＣモデム２０と同様な構成であるので、詳細な説明を省略する。
次に、上記のように構成された給電システムの作用を説明する。
Since the PLC modem 21 on the vehicle 3 side has the same configuration as the PLC modem 20 except that the charging control unit 19 is connected to the transmission unit and the reception unit, detailed description thereof is omitted.
Next, the operation of the power feeding system configured as described above will be described.
充電ケーブル４のプラグ１２を車両３の受電コネクタ１３に接続すると、給電制御部７と充電制御部１９間のコントロールパイロット信号は、給電制御部７と充電制御部１９内で制御用線１１ａ，１１ｂと制御用線１８ａ，１８ｂとに接続される終端抵抗により、１２Ｖから９Ｖに移行する。 When the plug 12 of the charging cable 4 is connected to the power receiving connector 13 of the vehicle 3, a control pilot signal between the power feeding control unit 7 and the charging control unit 19 is transmitted to the control lines 11 a and 11 b in the power feeding control unit 7 and the charging control unit 19. And 12V to 9V due to the termination resistance connected to the control lines 18a and 18b.
すると、給電制御部７と充電制御部１９との間で各ＰＬＣモデム２０，２１を介したＰＬＣ通信が開始され、給電装置１及び車両３がともにＤＣ急速充電に対応しているか否かを判定する。 Then, PLC communication via the PLC modems 20 and 21 is started between the power supply control unit 7 and the charge control unit 19, and it is determined whether or not both the power supply device 1 and the vehicle 3 are compatible with DC quick charging. To do.
詳しくは、充電制御部１９が給電制御部７に対しＡＣ充電かＤＣ急速充電かを見極めるメッセージを要求する。そして、給電制御部７から充電制御部１９にＤＣ急速充電が可能である旨のメッセージが送信されると、コントロールパイロット信号は９Ｖから６Ｖに移行する。 Specifically, the charge control unit 19 requests the power supply control unit 7 for a message for determining whether AC charging or DC rapid charging. When a message indicating that DC quick charging is possible is transmitted from the power supply control unit 7 to the charge control unit 19, the control pilot signal shifts from 9V to 6V.
すると、ＤＣ急速充電が開始されるが、これに先立って充電制御部１９から給電制御部７に出力される通信信号に基づいて、給電制御部７ではメモリ３２からＤＣ急速充電を行う場合の通信信号の振幅値が読み出される。そして、初期値として設定されているＡＣ充電時の通信信号の振幅値をＤＣ急速充電を行う場合の通信信号の振幅値に書き換える。すると、ＰＬＣ通信の通信信号の振幅が拡大される。 Then, the DC quick charge is started. Prior to this, based on the communication signal output from the charge control unit 19 to the power supply control unit 7, the power supply control unit 7 performs communication when the DC quick charge is performed from the memory 32. The amplitude value of the signal is read out. Then, the amplitude value of the communication signal at the time of AC charging set as the initial value is rewritten to the amplitude value of the communication signal in the case of performing DC quick charging. Then, the amplitude of the communication signal of PLC communication is expanded.
次いで、給電制御部７から出力されるＤＣ充電開始信号ｄｓ１によりリレー９が導通状態となる。そして、充電制御部１９から出力されるＤＣ充電開始信号ｄｓ２によりリレー１７が導通状態となって、ＤＣ電力供給部６からバッテリー２に直流電力が供給されて、バッテリー２のＤＣ急速充電が開始される。 Next, the relay 9 is turned on by the DC charge start signal ds1 output from the power supply control unit 7. Then, the relay 17 is turned on by the DC charge start signal ds2 output from the charge control unit 19, DC power is supplied from the DC power supply unit 6 to the battery 2, and DC quick charging of the battery 2 is started. The
充電制御部１９によりバッテリー２の満充電が検出されると、充電制御部１９によりリレー１７が不導通状態に切り替えられる。さらに、通信信号により充電制御部１９から給電制御部７にバッテリー２の満充電が通知されると、リレー９が不導通状態に切り替えられて、ＤＣ急速充電が終了する。 When the charging control unit 19 detects that the battery 2 is fully charged, the charging control unit 19 switches the relay 17 to the non-conducting state. Further, when the charging control unit 19 notifies the power supply control unit 7 of the full charge of the battery 2 by the communication signal, the relay 9 is switched to the non-conductive state, and the DC quick charging is finished.
ＤＣ急速充電が終了すると、コントロールパイロット信号は６Ｖから９Ｖに移行するとともに、通信信号の振幅値は初期値に書き換えられる。そして、プラグ１２を受電コネクタ１３から取り外すと、コントロールパイロット信号は１２Ｖに復帰する。 When the DC quick charge ends, the control pilot signal shifts from 6V to 9V, and the amplitude value of the communication signal is rewritten to the initial value. When the plug 12 is removed from the power receiving connector 13, the control pilot signal returns to 12V.
給電装置１がＤＣ急速充電に対応していない時には、通信信号の振幅値の書き換えは行われない。そして、初期値として設定されているＡＣ充電時の通信信号の振幅値でＰＬＣ通信が行われるとともに，ＡＣ充電が開始される。 When the power supply device 1 does not support DC quick charge, the amplitude value of the communication signal is not rewritten. Then, PLC communication is performed with the amplitude value of the communication signal at the time of AC charging set as an initial value, and AC charging is started.
上記のような自動車の充電システムでは、次に示す効果を得ることができる。
（１）ＤＣ急速充電を行う場合には、ＰＬＣ通信信号の振幅を拡大することができる。従って、充電ケーブル４内で給電線１０ａ，１０ｂで発生するノイズレベルの増大にともなって制御用線１１ａ，１１ｂのノイズレベルが上昇しても、Ｓ／Ｎ比の低下を防止して安定したＰＬＣ通信を行うことができる。
（２）ＡＣ充電を行うときには、通信信号の振幅をあらかじめ設定されている初期値としてＰＬＣ通信を行うことができる。
（３）ＤＣ急速充電を行う場合にはＡＣ充電のための給電線８ａ，８ｂを使用しない。従って、規格を満足させる必要はないので振幅を拡大することができる。
（４）ＰＬＣモデム２０，２１の変調方式は、耐ノイズ性に優れたＯＦＤＭ方式が採用されているので、ＰＬＣモデム２０，２１に近接して、ノイズ発生源となる電子デバイスが搭載されていても、ＰＬＣ通信信号を安定して送受信することができる。
The following effects can be obtained in the above-described automobile charging system.
(1) When performing DC quick charging, the amplitude of the PLC communication signal can be increased. Therefore, even if the noise level of the control lines 11a and 11b increases as the noise level generated in the power supply lines 10a and 10b in the charging cable 4 increases, the S / N ratio is prevented from decreasing and the PLC is stable. Communication can be performed.
(2) When performing AC charging, PLC communication can be performed with the amplitude of the communication signal as an initial value set in advance.
(3) When performing DC rapid charging, the feeding lines 8a and 8b for AC charging are not used. Therefore, it is not necessary to satisfy the standard, so that the amplitude can be expanded.
(4) Since the modulation method of the PLC modems 20 and 21 employs an OFDM method having excellent noise resistance, an electronic device that is a noise generation source is mounted in the vicinity of the PLC modems 20 and 21. In addition, the PLC communication signal can be stably transmitted and received.
なお、上記実施形態は以下のように変更してもよい。
・図３に示すように、ＤＣ急速充電時に、メモリ４０に格納されているＤＣ充電時の通信信号の振幅に基づいて、ＰＬＣモデム２０，２１の出力回路であるＡＦＥ３４の利得を引き上げて通信信号の振幅を拡大するようにしてもよい。
・ＤＣ急速充電のための通信信号の振幅値を初期値として設定し、ＡＣ充電の開始時に振幅値を縮小するように書き換え処理を行ってもよい。
・給電装置の外部から、例えば車両の運転手等により、ＰＬＣ通信信号の振幅値を書き換える設定信号を入力するようにしてもよい。
In addition, you may change the said embodiment as follows.
As shown in FIG. 3, at the time of DC quick charge, based on the amplitude of the communication signal at the time of DC charging stored in the memory 40, the gain of the AFE 34 which is the output circuit of the PLC modems 20 and 21 is increased to increase the communication signal. The amplitude may be increased.
The amplitude value of the communication signal for DC quick charging may be set as an initial value, and the rewriting process may be performed so as to reduce the amplitude value at the start of AC charging.
-You may make it input the setting signal which rewrites the amplitude value of a PLC communication signal from the exterior of an electric power feeder, for example by the driver of a vehicle.
１…給電装置、２…バッテリー、３…車両、４…充電ケーブル、５…ＡＣ電力供給部、６…ＤＣ電力供給部、７…給電制御部、２０，２１…ＰＬＣモデム、３１…振幅調整部（送信制御回路）、３２…振幅調整部（記憶装置、メモリ）、４０…振幅調整部（記憶装置、メモリ）。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Power feeding apparatus, 2 ... Battery, 3 ... Vehicle, 4 ... Charging cable, 5 ... AC power supply part, 6 ... DC power supply part, 7 ... Power feeding control part, 20, 21 ... PLC modem, 31 ... Amplitude adjustment part (Transmission control circuit), 32... Amplitude adjustment unit (storage device, memory), 40... Amplitude adjustment unit (storage device, memory).
Claims (6)
前記ＤＣ電力供給部若しくは前記ＡＣ電力供給部及びＤＣ電力供給部にそれぞれ接続された給電線を内包する充電ケーブルと、
前記充電ケーブルを介して供給されるＡＣ電力若しくはＤＣ電力に基づいてＡＣ充電あるいはＤＣ充電されるバッテリーを搭載した車両と、
前記給電装置に設けられ、前記充電ケーブルに備えられた制御用線を介して充電制御のための制御信号を送受信する給電制御部と、
前記車両に設けられ、前記給電制御部との間で前記制御用線を介して制御信号を送受信する充電制御部と、
前記給電装置と前記車両にそれぞれ設けられ、前記制御用線を介してＰＬＣ通信を行うＰＬＣモデムと
を備えた自動車用充電システムにおいて、
前記ＰＬＣモデムには、前記ＰＬＣ通信を行うための通信信号の振幅を、ＡＣ充電時よりＤＣ充電時で大きくする振幅調整部を備えたことを特徴とする自動車用充電システム。 A power supply apparatus including at least a DC power supply unit among an AC power supply unit and a DC power supply unit;
A charging cable including a power supply line connected to the DC power supply unit or the AC power supply unit and the DC power supply unit, and
A vehicle equipped with a battery that is AC charged or DC charged based on AC power or DC power supplied via the charging cable;
A power supply control unit that is provided in the power supply device and transmits and receives a control signal for charge control via a control line provided in the charging cable;
A charge control unit that is provided in the vehicle and transmits / receives a control signal to / from the power supply control unit via the control line;
In an automotive charging system provided with a PLC modem that is provided in the power feeding device and the vehicle and performs PLC communication via the control line,
The vehicle charging system according to claim 1, wherein the PLC modem includes an amplitude adjustment unit that increases an amplitude of a communication signal for performing the PLC communication during DC charging than during AC charging.
前記振幅調整部は、
前記通信信号をデジタル信号で処理する送信制御回路に、前記ＡＣ充電時の通信信号の振幅値と前記ＤＣ充電時の通信信号の振幅値をあらかじめ格納した記憶装置を備え、格納されている振幅値に基づいて通信信号の振幅値をデジタル値で調整することを特徴とする自動車用充電システム。 The vehicle charging system according to claim 1,
The amplitude adjuster is
The transmission control circuit that processes the communication signal with a digital signal includes a storage device that stores in advance the amplitude value of the communication signal during the AC charging and the amplitude value of the communication signal during the DC charging, and the stored amplitude value The vehicle charging system is characterized in that the amplitude value of the communication signal is adjusted with a digital value based on the above.
前記振幅調整部は、前記ＡＣ充電時の通信信号の振幅値を初期値として設定し、前記ＤＣ充電時には、前記記憶装置に格納されているＤＣ充電時の振幅値に基づいて前記通信信号の振幅を拡大することを特徴とする自動車用充電システム。 The vehicle charging system according to claim 2,
The amplitude adjustment unit sets an amplitude value of a communication signal at the time of AC charging as an initial value, and at the time of DC charging, the amplitude of the communication signal is based on an amplitude value at the time of DC charging stored in the storage device. A charging system for automobiles characterized by expanding the range.
前記振幅調整部は、前記ＤＣ充電時の通信信号の振幅値を初期値として設定し、前記ＡＣ充電時には、前記記憶装置に格納されているＡＣ充電時の振幅値に基づいて前記通信信号の振幅を縮小することを特徴とする自動車用充電システム。 The vehicle charging system according to claim 2,
The amplitude adjustment unit sets an amplitude value of a communication signal at the time of DC charging as an initial value, and at the time of the AC charging, the amplitude of the communication signal is based on an amplitude value at the time of AC charging stored in the storage device. An automobile charging system characterized by reducing the size of the vehicle.
前記振幅調整部は、前記ＡＣ充電時の通信信号の振幅値と、前記ＤＣ充電時の通信信号の振幅値をアナログ値であらかじめ格納した記憶装置を備え、格納されている振幅値に基づいて前記ＰＬＣモデムの出力回路の利得を調整することを特徴とする自動車用充電システム。 The vehicle charging system according to claim 1,
The amplitude adjustment unit includes a storage device that stores in advance an amplitude value of the communication signal at the time of AC charging and an amplitude value of the communication signal at the time of DC charging as an analog value, and based on the stored amplitude value A charging system for an automobile characterized by adjusting a gain of an output circuit of a PLC modem.
前記ＰＬＣモデムの変調方式は、ＯＦＤＭ方式としたことを特徴とする自動車用充電システム。 The vehicle charging system according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
An automotive charging system, wherein the modulation method of the PLC modem is an OFDM method.
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