JP2015229239A - Personal area network system supporting fine screw electric driver work - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a personal area network system supporting an electric driver work, which achieves smartification and safety in production management and process control of a manufacturing line/cell.SOLUTION: A personal area network system supporting a fine screw electric work is a PAN (Personal Area Network) system dedicated for a manufacturing line which is constructed by: robotizing an electric driver with a screw feeder and a vertical movement device of the electric driver in a manufacturing line/cell using a plurality of fine screw electric drivers; connecting the electric drivers and robots to a network to coordinate/synchronize with the other drivers in the line/cell; collecting and analyzing operation information of the electric drivers at a screw fastening operation support controller; and preventing invasion of a disturbance virus to perform a coordinating and synchronizing control. A wireless network compatible with the cryptogram/authentication technology is preferable for the PAN.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

  The present invention does not manually operate a fine screw electric driver using a stepping motor, various synchronous motors, etc., but uses a plurality of automatic fine screw electric drivers necessary for a production line / cell by a PAN (personal area network). Network system construction technology that connects and automatically operates according to line / cell work management program, fine screw electric driver, screw tape supply device, vertical axis (Z axis) moving device, robot controller, various sensors, etc. Be fooled by system technology connected by network.

  There are many patent documents related to the function, performance, operation, and operation information collection of electric drivers, but those that connect multiple electric drivers installed in the production line / cell to the network and collect automatic operation and operation information in real time. I can't see it. For example, Patent Document 1 is a process for displaying and instructing various parts during assembly work to prevent work mistakes, but does not touch assembly work using a plurality of electric drivers. In Patent Document 2, each electric driver is connected to a LAN via a PLC (programmable logic controller), and changes in the supply current of each individual electric driver are observed to detect defects in the electric driver, bit, or screw tightening. Although the determination is made, there is no detection / determination and correction operation command for synchronization with the next process screw tightening of the plurality of electric drivers in the line / cell and for the cooperation operation failure of all the electric drivers. The LAN in this case is a simple one-way serial communication between the electric driver alone and the host computer / servers, and in the network connection between all the electric drivers installed in the line / cell and the supporting / determining / supplying computer / server. Absent. Further, Patent Document 3, Patent Document 4, and Patent Document 5 are all work support of a single electric driver, screw tightening detection and determination by a sensor or a camera, and do not touch network management of a plurality of electric drivers.

  FIG. 1 shows a three-layer configuration of electric driver work support. The first hierarchy is a plurality of electric driver system controllers, the second hierarchy is a work management controller, and the third hierarchy is a production / process management controller. The electric driver system is an electric driver / robot composed of an electric driver, a vertical movement (Z-axis) device, a screw supply tape device, and an electric driver system controller / sensor.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the present invention using the electric driver PAN21 for the electric driver work support of FIG. A network system of a plurality of electric driver robots 22 in a production line / cell, a production / process management controller / server 23, and a work management controller 24. This network is not a LAN, but a PAN using a field bus, USB 3.0 (network), RS485, various industrial Ethernets, and various wireless networks that can ensure higher safety and security. The electric driver / robot is configured by a tree or mesh network using serial communication such as USB, RS485, or Zigbee wireless.

  USB3.0 is an optimal network for PAN because it has a high transfer speed of 5 Gbps, a limited number of nodes of 127, a fairly high-function link layer, and compatibility with encryption technology. FIG. 3 shows an example using USB 3.0 as the PAN.

  In FIG. 2, 220 is a screw supply tape system. No matter how much the electric screwdriver is automated, there is no point if there is no function to automate the screw supply and continue to supply it. A taping technique for taping fine electronic components and mounting them on a printed circuit board was applied to a fine screw of 2 mmφ or less.

  In order to enhance the reliability of the network, data encryption / decryption and data channel authentication using a communication channel random number or encryption technology are required. In particular, authentication speed is an important issue for communication path authentication. A new generation standard encryption AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) of the US government is often used.

Wireless is more suitable than wired for operation information collection and operation instructions for small and manual devices such as electric drivers. FIG. 6 is a comparison diagram of wireless transfer and power consumption used in the industry. 61 ZigBee and 62 Bluetooth (IEEE802.15.1) are suitable for the electric driver / PAN, and 61 ZigBee, 63 NFC, and 64 RFID are suitable for the electric driver net.
JP 2006-318166 A JP 2010-99765 A JP 2011-194383 A JP 2012-161860 A JP 2013-851 A

  Patent Document 3, Patent Document 4, and Patent Document 5 all relate to work support and manual tightening detection / determination when an electric screwdriver is used manually. The present invention connects a plurality of production line / cell electric driver systems, a production / process control controller, and a work support controller with a PAN of a highly reliable network, making production line / cell production management, process management smart and safe. It is a problem.

  In order to achieve the above object, an electric driver / robot as an electric driver system having a screw supply function and a vertical axis movement function is necessary, which is impossible by automation of a single electric driver. There is a need for a high-speed, high-reliability internal network for constructing an electric driver / robot system that includes electric driver / robot components and a robot controller.

  When collecting operation information and operation instructions for small devices such as electric drivers, both manually and automatically, via a network such as Ethernet, there are issues with reliability enhancement, leakage and virus intrusion, and wired network wiring In this case, problems remain in manual operation of the electric driver.

  In order to solve the above problems, the three-tier system of production / process management controller, work management controller, electric driver / robot controller and sensors (multiple) shown in FIG. 1 is used, and instructions and results data are sent between the electric driver controller and the work management controller. To transmit. In these three layers, the electric driver / robot, the production / process management controller / server, and the work management controller according to claim 1 are constructed with a highly reliable and safe PAN (FIG. 2). This PAN is a wired network such as various field buses, USB, RS485, various industrial Ethernets, or a wireless network using ZigBee, Bluetooth, RFID, or the like. As a network of small devices such as an electric driver that are used both manually and automatically, a network using a wired USB 3.0 (FIG. 3) and a ZigBee (FIG. 5) in the 900 MHz band are preferable.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the electric driver / robot is connected to an electric driver, a vertical axis moving device, a screw supply tape device, a robot controller via a high-speed serial communication such as USB or RS23C or a wireless network such as ZigBee. It is characterized by connecting to a PAN.

  The taping system enclosed in the carrier tape in the screw supply device according to claim 2 enables continuous supply of screws to an electric driver that handles fine screws of 1 mmφ or less. Also, only screws, nuts only, screws and nuts can be mixed, and screw tightening, nut tightening, screw / nut tightening, etc. are possible, and it is possible to cope with various screw tightening processes.

  The electric driver PAN using the USB 3.0 according to claim 3 is configured by a short-distance wireless network such as serial communication or ZigBee that is widely used for personal computers and terminals. Production / process management controllers / servers, work management controllers, electric drivers, screw supply devices, robot controllers, etc. generally have USB interfaces, and new development and new connection interfaces such as electric drivers PAN, electric drivers / robot networks, etc. It is inexpensive because it does not require a connector, it is easy to check the communication path with 127 finite nodes, and it is easy to embed AES encryption or the like.

  The short-range wireless ZigBee according to claim 4 is suitable for wireless communication such as an electric driver with a built-in battery or a sensor installed for a long period of time, which was developed for the purpose of low-cost, extremely low power consumption and highly reliable short-range wireless. ing. In addition, it has a wireless network function, is compatible with encryption / decryption technology for safety / security purposes, and can communicate up to a range of about 300 m in the 900 MHz band.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to perform work instructions, process management and production management of a plurality of fine screw tightening in a production line / cell, and various screw tightening by screw and nut unitary / mixed mounting with a screw tape supply device It is possible to improve the smartness of manufacturing products that are increasingly miniaturized, and it is easy to produce a variety of small quantities. In addition, the electric driver / robot system is a practical automation of the electric driver function, and can handle from the trial production to the screw tightening of 2mmφ or less, which is difficult to do manually.

  In addition, the electric driver PAN configuration facilitates screw tightening in small- to large-scale production lines / cells, and the electric screwdriver robot can automate the fine screw tightening process.

  Both the electric driver PAN and the electric driver / robot network can be wireless networks, and information collection and instruction that do not interfere with manual work, and information collection and instruction network after the line / cell electric driver (s) can be performed.

  Embodiments of an electric driver PAN system and an electric driver / robot according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3, 4, 5, 7, and 8. FIG.

  In FIG. 3, the physical layer 34 of the USB 3.0 standard 37 is the first layer, the link layer 33 is the second layer, the USB 3.0 PAN function protocol layer 32 of the present invention is realized in the third layer, and the application layer 31 is realized in the fourth layer. The configuration. The protocol layer 32 of the USB 3.0 PAN function is expected to be set as a library, and the user 35 is in charge of the application layer 31.

  FIG. 4 shows an example of a tree / mesh network system using USB 3.0 of the three-tier system (FIG. 1) of the electric driver work support PAN. The USB host 41, the work management controller, the process management controller, and the electric driver / robot controller are connected to the production management controller via the USB hub 42. All USB hubs and USB hosts are mesh-connected to form a PAN.

  FIG. 5 shows an example of communication protocol software using the electric driver work support USB 3.0 / PAN. The procedure of start 51, scan 52, connection 53, start 51 or stop is taken. The role (program) of the USB host and the role (program) of the USB device (s) in communication will be described below.

Communication between the USB host and the USB device must be performed directly via the USB hub, and communication between the USB device and the USB device must always be performed via the USB host.
{Circle around (1)} At start 51, broadcast communication is performed with all nodes connected to the USB host, PAN configuration nodes programmed in advance are confirmed, and connections with other nodes are disconnected (link layer).
(2) In the scan 52, the confirmed and selected PAN connection USB device node address can be a unique address set at the time of manufacture, but a random number may be used to improve reliability. A dynamic address derived from a random number is newly set for each USB device node. This dynamic address can be changed in a short time as necessary, such as a change in the connection node of the PAN, thereby preventing hanging and radio fraud.
(3) In connection 53, after setting the dynamic address, communication between PAN connection nodes is basically unicast communication, and one-way communication and two-way communication are set. In the case of multiplex communication, a queue is used. It is preferable to encrypt an inter-node communication control program that requires high security.

  ZigBee having a tree or mesh type network function is also referred to as a short-range wireless PAN. An electric driver work support PAN that uses a ZigBee in the 900MHz band, which has a communication distance of about 300m, is capable of massive access of about 64K nodes, is strong against obstacles, but has a low transmission speed of 300Kbps, etc. Examples will be described below.

  FIG. 7 shows a seven-layer configuration of an application using ZigBee 3.0, which is a two-layer IEEE 802.15.4, ZigBee function of link layer 73 and network layer 74, and application interface layer 75. The security function 70 is an indispensable function for dealing with leaks of radio wave weakness, virus intrusion, propagation stability, and the like. There are functions such as frequency switching that ensures continuation of data transmission according to radio wave propagation status, data leakage by encryption technology, prevention of virus intrusion, and communication path authentication.

  FIG. 8 is a configuration example of a wireless network system using ZigBee for the same three-tier system (FIG. 1) of the electric driver work support PAN as in the first embodiment. ZigBee has a ZigBee coordinator 81, a ZigBee router 82, and a ZigBee end device 83 corresponding to a USB host, a USB hub, and a USB device, but the ZigBee end device 83 and the ZigBee coordinator 81 can be directly connected. The connection to the ZigBee router can be automatically changed.

Hierarchical structure of electric driver work support Electric driver work support USB3.0PAN configuration diagram Electric driver work support USB3.0PAN example Electric driver work support USB3.0PAN protocol example Industrial wireless and electric driver wireless PAN Configuration of ZigBee Electric driver PAN configuration example using ZigBee

21 Electric driver PAN
22 Electric Driver / Robot 23 Production Management Controller / Server 24 Work Management Controller 220 Screw Supply System 221 Z-axis Option 222 Various Sensors 223 USB / RS485
224 Electric Driver / Robot Controller 225 Electric Driver Main Body 226 USB / RS485 Network 231 Big Data 241 Screw Tightening Determination Software 242 Work Support Software 31 USB3, 0 Application Layer 32 USB3, 0 Protocol Layer 33 USB3, 0 Link Layer 34 USB3 0 Physical layer 35 User 36 PAN function 37 USB3.0 standard 41 USB host node 42 USB hub node 43 USB device node 51 USB PAN protocol / start 52 USB PAN protocol / scan 53 USB PAN protocol / connection 61 ZigBee
62 Bluetooth
63 NFC
64 RFID
70 ZigBee Security (Function)
71 IEEE 802.15.4 Physical Layer 72 IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Layer 73 ZigBee Link Layer 74 ZigBee Network Layer 75 ZigBee + User Application Interface Layer 76 User Application Layer 77 IEEE 802.15.4
78 ZigBee
79 User 80 ZigBee Coordinator 81 ZigBee Router 82 ZigBee End Device 811 Production Management Controller 821 ZigBee Router 822 ZigBee Router 823 ZigBee Router 824 ZigBee Router 825 ZigBee Router 833 Process Control Robot 831 Process Management Controller 832 Electric Driver / Robot 836 Electric Driver / Robot 837 Electric Driver / Robot 838 Electric Driver / Robot

Claims (5)

  Micro screw screwdrivers using stepping motors, various synchronous motors, etc., screw feeders, vertical axis (Z-axis) moving devices, robot controllers, multiple electric drivers / robots / sensors with various sensors, etc. Electric driver work support personal area network (PAN) system that builds a production line / cell by connecting a process management controller / server and a work management controller incorporating screw tightening judgment software and work support software.   The screw supply device is characterized by using a taping device (system) that encloses and winds a fine screw in a carrier tape, rewinds the tape, and supplies the screw to an electric driver. There are three types of screws to be affixed to the carrier tape: screws only, nuts only, and screws and nuts.   The electric driver work support PAN uses a USB3.0 link layer of serial communication with enhanced functions. If high safety and security are required, use encryption / authentication technology such as AES encryption logic.   The electric driver work support PAN is constructed by the short-range wireless network ZigBee of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. If high safety and security are required, use encryption / authentication technology such as AES encryption logic.   The electric driver work support PAN of claims 3 and 4 may be any of a device network, a field bus such as Profibus, a wired network such as RS485 and various industrial Ethernets, and a wireless network such as infrared rays, Bluetooth, and evanescent waves.