JP2015224671A - Washer and screw with washer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable an object to be fastened positively even if it is hard and cause the screw to be hardly loosened after its fastening.SOLUTION: A washer of this invention comprises a washer main body and a spring separate from the washer main body. The spring comprises a resilient part that can be compressed and recovered and engaging segments that can be fixed to the washer. The engaging segments are fitted to the fitting recesses of the washer main body and engaged so as not to fall off. The resilient part protrudes out from the rear surface of the washer main body. The spring fitted into the fitting recesses is pushed against the object by fastening the screw to be enabled to press fitted against the object. The screw with the washer of this invention is constituted in such a way that the washer is as described above and the washer is attached to the rear surface of the head part of the screw in such a way that it may be rotated in a horizontal direction and slid in an upward or downward direction. The washer is fastened while the head protrusion and the washer protrusions are engaged to each other through fastening of the screw and the spring of the washer is pushed toward the object and press contacted with it.

Description

  The present invention relates to a washer used by being set at the base of the head of a bolt, a nut, a hook, etc. (hereinafter referred to as “screws”, the same applies in the claims), and a screw provided with a washer (hereinafter referred to as “a screw”). In particular, the present invention relates to a washer and a screw with a washer capable of preventing the tightened screw from being loosened.

  Conventionally, as a washer or a screw with a washer having a locking mechanism, there is a washer or a screw with a washer previously filed by the present applicant (Patent Document 1). As for this washer, the washer protrusion of the mountain shape by the side view was provided radially on the surface (upper surface), and the biting protrusion was provided in the circumferential direction several places on the back surface (bottom surface). When this washer is set on the back side of the head of the screw and the screw is tightened, the head protrusion (the shape that meshes with the washer protrusion) provided on the back surface (bottom face) of the screw engages with the washer protrusion and bites in. The loosening of the screws can be prevented by biting into the object to be tightened by the protrusion.

JP 2006-242324 A

  The washer of Patent Document 1 has a drawback that the object bites into the object (the object is damaged) because the biting protrusion bites into the object by tightening the screws. If the object is hard, the biting protrusion may not be able to bite into the object or may not bite.

  An object of the present invention is to ensure that an object can be securely tightened even if the object is hard, and that the screws are less likely to loosen after tightening.

[Washer]
The washer of the present invention is a washer that is set on the base side of the head of a screw, and includes a washer body and a spring separately from the washer. The spring is an elastic part that can be compressed and restored, and a member that can be attached to the washer. It has a locking part, and the locking part is fitted in the fitting recess of the washer body and locked so that it does not accidentally fall off, and the elastic part protrudes from the back of the washer body and fits in the fitting recess The spring thus pressed is pressed against the object by tightening the screws so as to be pressed against the object. The washer body and the spring may be the same material or different materials.

  The elastic part which can be compressed and restored can be formed by bending a plate or a wire.

  The engaging part may be inserted into the washer body.

  The fitting recess of the washer body can be a groove or recess that can be locked by the spring locking portion, or a hole that penetrates up and down the washer body.

  The spring may be one that compresses the elastic portion and fits into the fitting recess of the washer body, releases the compression, and is engaged with the fitting recess. The spring compresses the elastic part and inserts the locking part into the insertion hole of the washer main body to lock it on the surface of the washer main body, and the compression can be released to lock the locking part in the fitting recess. .

  The washer body has a washer projection on the surface, and the washer projection meshes with the head projection formed on the back of the head of the screw by tightening the screw, and when the screw is tightened in the meshed state, the elasticity of the spring The part may be pressed against the object and pressed.

[Screws with washers]
A screw with a washer in which a washer is attached to the back side of the head of the screw, wherein the washer is any one of the above washers, and the washer is attached to the back of the head of the screw so as to be horizontally rotatable and vertically slidable It is what was done.

  When the screw is a nut with a head and a caulking protrusion, the washer is attached to the back of the nut so that it can be horizontally rotated and slid up and down by caulking of the caulking protrusion, and the washer is fastened to the head protrusion and the washer by tightening the nut. The protrusions can be engaged and tightened, and the spring of the washer can be pressed against the object side to be pressed.

  When the screws are bolts having a head and a bolt shaft, the bolt shaft has a screw portion formed with a screw and a neck portion not formed with a screw, and the washer is capable of horizontal rotation and sliding up and down so that the neck portion of the bolt shaft The screw thread of the screw part is larger than the through hole of the washer, and the washer provided on the outer periphery of the neck part is locked to the screw thread so that it does not fall off from the bolt shaft. The head protrusion and the washer protrusion are engaged and tightened by tightening the bolt, and the spring of the washer is pushed to the object side and pressed.

The washer and the screw with washer of the present invention have the following effects.
(1) A hard object that does not allow the biting protrusion to bite because it does not bite into the object, but prevents the loosening by using the repulsive force by pressing the spring against the object. Objects can also be securely tightened.
(2) Since the biting protrusion is not bitten into the object, and the spring is pressed against the object and the repulsive force is used to prevent loosening, the object is hardly damaged.

1 shows a structure of a washer according to the present invention, in which (a) is a plan view of a washer body before incorporating a spring, (b) is a BB cross-sectional view of the washer body of (a), and (c) is ( (a) A cross-sectional view of a state where a spring is set in the fitting recess of the washer body (the washer of the present invention), (d) is a cross-sectional view when the through hole side upper surface of the washer body is made one step lower than the washer protrusion, ) Is an E arrow view of (a). It is sectional drawing of the washer protrusion of the washer of this invention, Comprising: (a) is a side view of the example which made the ridgeline part of the washer protrusion arc-shaped, (b) is the example of making the ridgeline part of the washer protrusion flat. Side view. FIG. 2 shows various examples of springs in the washer of the present invention, wherein (a) is a perspective view of a semicircular spring, (b) is a perspective view of a C-shaped spring, and (c) is V-shaped. The perspective view of the spring made into the shape, (d) is the perspective view of the spring which made the elastic part arcuate shape, and turned the latching part into the arc shape, (e) is the perspective view of the spring made into W shape. It is sectional drawing which shows the various examples of the washer of this invention, (a) is sectional drawing at the time of providing a fitting recessed part in two rows in the back surface of a washer main body, (b) is a case where a fitting recessed part is T-shaped. (C) is sectional drawing at the time of using a fitting recessed part as a hole. 1 shows an example of a screw with a washer (a nut with a washer) according to the present invention, where (a) is a front view showing a state before the nut and the washer are combined, and (b) is a state where the nut and the washer are combined. FIG. 1 shows an example of a screw with a washer (a bolt with a washer) according to the present invention, in which (a) is a front view showing a state before a bolt and a washer are combined, and (b) is a state where the bolt and the washer are combined. The front view to show, (c) is explanatory drawing in the case of fixing an object using a nut with a washer and a bolt with a washer.

(Embodiment 1: Washing type of washer)
An example of the washer 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The washer 1 of this embodiment is used by being set on the back surface of the head 3 of the screw 2.

[Outline of washer]
The washer 1 of the present invention includes a washer body 4 and a spring 5 which are separately molded, and the spring 5 is inserted into a fitting recess 16 of the washer body 4. The spring 5 includes an elastic portion 5a and a locking portion 5b. The locking portion 5b is fitted and locked in the fitting recess 16, and the elastic portion 5a protrudes from the back surface 4b of the washer body 4 to tighten the screws 2. The elastic part 5a is pressed against the object W (FIG. 6C) so as to come into pressure contact therewith.

[Washer body]
The washer body 4 has a disc shape (FIG. 1A), and a through hole 10 (FIGS. 1A to 1D) 10 is opened at the center thereof. The through hole 10 has a cylindrical protrusion (caulking protrusion 7: FIG. 5 (a)) protruding from the back surface of the head 3 of the nut 6 (FIG. 5 (a)) and a bolt 8 (FIG. 6 (a)). The bolt shaft 9 (FIG. 6A) protruding from the back surface of the head 3 can be inserted.

  As shown in FIGS. 1A to 1E, another part of the surface 4 a is a surface 4 a of the washer body 4 between the inner peripheral edge 11 of the through hole 10 and the outer peripheral edge 12 of the washer body 4. A hill portion 13 that is one step higher than the hill portion 13 is formed, and angled washer protrusions 14 are radially provided at four circumferential positions on the surface of the hill portion 13. Between the washer protrusions 14, there are no protrusions 15 without the washer protrusions 14.

  A fitting recess 16 is formed on the back surface 4 b (FIG. 1B) of the washer body 4 on the back side of the non-projecting portion 15 of the front surface 4 a of the washer body 4. The engaging portion 5b of the spring 5 (FIG. 1 (c)) is inserted into the fitting recess 16 so that the engaging portion 5b spreading outward is pressed against the inner wall surface of the fitting recess 16 and does not come off. It is. The fitting recess 16 in FIG. 1A is an elongated recess, but the shape may be other shapes as long as the length, width, and depth can fit the spring 5. The number of fitting recesses 16 is not limited to four. For example, the number of fitting recesses 16 may be three, or only one may be provided in a ring shape on the entire circumference of the back surface 4 b of the washer body 4. As shown in FIG. 4A, two recessed recesses 16 having a groove shape can be provided in parallel.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, the fitting recess 16 may be a groove having a T-shape in cross section. In this case, the locking portion 5b of the spring 5 can be formed into a horizontal plate shape, and the locking portion 5b of the spring 5 can be fitted and locked in the horizontal recess of the fitting recess 16.

  As shown in FIG. 4C, the fitting recess 16 is provided with two insertion holes 20 apart from each other, and a locking portion 5b of a spring 5 formed by bending a wire (for example, a wire) is inserted into the insertion hole 20 to penetrate therethrough. It is also possible to open the locking portion 5b after penetration and lock it to the surface 4a of the washer body 4.

  As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the washer protrusion 14 has a mountain shape, and includes a climbing slope 17, a locking surface 18, and a ridge line portion 19. The climbing slope 17 is formed in front of the ridgeline portion 19 in the tightening rotation direction, and the ridgeline portion 19 is formed at an intersection (mountain peak) of the climbing slope 17 and the locking surface 18. As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the top of the ridge line portion 19 has an arcuate shape, and may be chipped or crushed due to the engagement with the head projection 31 formed on the back surface of the head 3 of the screw 2. It is difficult (it is hard to lose). Further, the ridge line portion 19 of the press mold for molding the washer protrusion 14 is difficult to be lost during molding, so that it is held (long-lasting). The top part of the ridge line part 19 can also be planar as shown in FIG.2 (b). By making the top part of the ridge line part 19 into an arc shape or a planar shape, it becomes difficult to be chipped due to meshing with the head protrusion 31 of the screw 2 and is not easily crushed (not easily chipped).

  The multiple washer protrusions 14 have the same shape. The projecting dimension of the washer protrusion 14, the inclination angle of the overpass slope 17, the inclination angle of the locking surface 18, the arc surface radius R of the ridge line portion 19, the plane width in the case of a planar shape, etc. are the diameter (size) of the washer 1 and the like. It can design suitably according to a use etc. When the washer 1 has a diameter of 19 mm and a thickness of 3 mm, the inclination angle (gradient) of the climbing slope 17 is about 10 to 60 degrees, the angle of the locking surface 18 is about 70 to 90 degrees, and the arc surface radius R0.2 to the ridge line portion 19 About 0.3 mm is preferable. These dimensions can be designed according to the diameter size, thickness, and height of the washer projection 14 of the washer 1.

[Spring]
An example of the spring 5 shown in FIG. 3A is a cylindrical shape (semi-cylindrical shape) having an almost semicircular end face shape. What is shown in FIG.3 (b) is a cylindrical shape of end face shape C shape. What is shown in FIG.3 (c) is an end surface shape substantially V shape (saddle shape). What is shown in FIG. 3 (d) is a substantially semi-cylindrical end face shape, and the locking portions 5b at both ends are folded back in an arc shape. What is shown in FIG.3 (e) is end surface shape W shape. These springs 5 are formed by bending a plate material, the elastic portion 5a has elasticity that shrinks inward and expands (restores) outward, and the engaging portions 5b at both ends are fitted with a restoring force that opens outward. When pressed into the inner surface of the recess 16 and fitted into the fitting recess 16, it is locked in the fitting recess 16 so as not to fall off.

  The shape of the spring 5 of the present invention may be other than those described above. The method of forming the spring 5 depends on the material, but when the material is a thin steel plate, it can be bent and formed into a semi-cylindrical shape, and when it is made of resin, it can be formed.

  The washer 1 of the present invention is used by being set on the back surface of the head 3 of the nut 6 (FIG. 5A) and the back surface of the head 3 of the bolt 8 (FIG. 6A). The spring 5 fitted in the recess 16 is pressed against the object W (FIG. 6C) by being pushed by the nut 6 or the head 3 of the bolt 8 (FIG. 6C). .

  The washer body 4 and the spring 5 can be made of the same material or different materials. The washer body 4 can be made of various materials such as hard metal and ceramic, and can also be made of an elastic soft material such as resin or hard rubber.

(Embodiment 2: Washing method of washer)
In the first embodiment, the case where the spring 5 is fitted into the fitting recess 16 has been described as an example. However, when the washer body 4 is made of a moldable material such as resin or rubber, the locking portion 5b of the spring 5 is used. Can be embedded (inserted) into the washer body 4 by casting (insert molding). In this case, the elastic portion 5 a of the spring 5 is protruded downward from the back surface 4 b of the washer body 4. It is desirable to form the locking portion 5b into a shape that is easy to insert and difficult to come out after insertion.

  When the washer body 4 is made of cast metal, the spring 5 can be insert-molded into the washer body 4 by casting. When the washer body 4 is made of aluminum alloy or zinc alloy, the locking portion 5b of the spring 5 can be inserted into the washer body 4 when the washer body 4 is die-cast. The shapes of the washer body 4 and the spring 5 are the same as those of the first embodiment with respect to the common parts with the first embodiment.

(Other embodiments of washers)
In the first and second embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1A to 1E, a case where the hill portion 13 is provided on the surface 4a of the washer body 4 and the washer protrusion 14 is formed thereon will be described as an example. However, the washer protrusion 14 can be formed directly on the surface 4a of the washer body 4 as shown in FIG. In any case, the inner side (through hole 10 side) and the outer side (the outer peripheral edge 12 side of the washer main body 4) of the washer protrusion 14 on the surface 4a of the washer main body 4 are lower than the valley (bottom) of the washer protrusion 14. Then, it is desirable that the ridge line portion 19 of the head projection 31 of the screw 2 that meshes with the washer projection 14 can be strongly tightened until it reaches the valley (bottom) of the washer projection 14. Incidentally, when the inner side and the outer side of the surface 4 a of the washer body 4 are higher than the valley (bottom) of the washer projection 14, the ridge portion of the head projection 31 of the screw 2 that meshes with the washer projection 14. Before 34 reaches the trough (bottom) of the washer protrusion 14, it strikes against the surface of the washer body 4, and it cannot be tightened any more (clamping is halfway).

(Embodiment 1 of screw with washer)
An example of the screw 30 with a washer according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The screw 2 in the present invention includes various types of bolts 8, nuts 6, and scissors, but here, the case where the screws 2 are nuts 6 (when the screws 30 with washers are nuts 30 a with washers). This will be described as an example. In this case, the washer 1 of the present invention described in the embodiment of the washer can be used as the washer 1.

[nut]
As an example, the nut 6 shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B includes a screw hole (not shown) into which the bolt shaft 9 (FIGS. 6A to 6C) of the bolt 8 can be screwed at the center. The head projection 31 is provided on the back surface. The head projection 31 is a projection that meshes with the washer projection 14 and has a mountain shape including a climbing slope 32, a locking surface 33, and a ridge line portion 34, as shown in FIG. The inclination angle of the climbing slope 32 and the locking surface 33, the height of the ridge line portion 34, and the like are the same as those of the washer protrusion 14 so as to mesh with the washer protrusion 14. When the nut 6 is turned in the tightening direction, the head projection 31 rotates over the inclined surface 17 over the washer projection 14, but the locking surface 33 of the head projection 31 locks the washer projection 14 in the reverse rotation direction. Locking to the surface 18 prevents rotation. The ridge line portion 34 of the head projection 31 is also arcuate or planar, so that even if the head projection 31 gets over the washer projection 14, it is difficult to break, and the press die is also difficult to break during molding. These dimensions are the same as those of the washer protrusion 14.

  As shown in FIG. 5 (a), for example, the nut 30 a with a washer shown in FIG. 5 (b) has a caulking projection 7 provided under the head 3 of the nut 6 in the through hole 10 of the washer body 4. The washer 1 is attached to the nut 6 by folding the tip end (lower end) 7 a of the caulking projection 7 outward (by crimping to the outer peripheral edge of the through hole 10 of the washer body 4). In this case, the washer 1 is caulked with such a strength that it can rotate horizontally and slide up and down (does not crimp too much).

  5A, when the nut 6 is rotated in the tightening direction, the head protrusion 31 of the nut 6 meshes with the washer protrusion 14, and the washer 1 is moved to the object W (FIG. 6C). The elastic portion 5a of the spring 5 that has been pressed and fitted or inserted into the washer body 4 is pressed against the object W, and the return rotation of the nut 6 is prevented and loosening is prevented.

(Embodiment 2 of screw with washer)
Another example of the screw 30 with a washer according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The screw 30 with a washer of this embodiment is an example when the screw 2 is a bolt 8 (when the screw 30 with a washer 30 is a bolt 30b with a washer). As the washer 1, the various washers 1 described in the embodiment of the washer can be used.

[bolt]
As an example, the bolt 8 shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C has a bolt shaft 9 protruding from the back surface of the head 3, and a head protrusion 31 is formed on the back surface of the head 3. . The head protrusion 31 is a protrusion that meshes with the washer protrusion 14 of the washer 1, and has a mountain shape including a climbing slope 32, a locking surface 33, and a ridge line portion 34. The size, inclination angle, etc. of the climbing slope 32 and the locking surface 33 are the same as the washer protrusion 14 of the washer 1 so as to mesh with the washer protrusion 14.

  As shown in FIG. 6C, the bolt shaft 9 includes a screw portion 35 in which a screw is formed and a screwless portion (neck portion) 36 in which no screw is formed. The washer 1 is set on the outer periphery of the neck portion 36 of the bolt shaft 9 as shown in FIG. 6B, and a screw portion 35 is formed by cutting a screw below the neck portion 36 (below the washer 1). Is locked to the screw thread of the screw part 35 so as not to fall out of the screw part 35. The washer 1 is slidable in the axial direction (vertical direction in FIG. 6C) under the neck portion 36, and can also be rotated horizontally.

  In the illustrated bolt 30b with a washer, when the head 3 of the bolt 8 is turned in the tightening direction, the head projection 31 rotates over the washer projection 14 of the washer 1; The stop surface 33 is locked to the locking surface 18 of the washer protrusion 14 to prevent rotation. The top of the ridge line 34 is also arcuate or flat, so that even if the head protrusion 31 gets over the washer protrusion 14, it is difficult to be lost, and the ridge line formation portion of the press die is also difficult to be lost during molding. is there.

(Other embodiments of screws with washers)
In the above embodiment, the case where the washer 1 is provided with the washer protrusion 14 and the screw 2 is provided with the head protrusion 31 is described as an example. However, the washer 1 may have no washer protrusion 14. The screw 2 may be one without the head protrusion 31.

(Usage example of screws with washers)
An example of use of the screw 30 with a washer will be described with reference to FIG. In this example, two plate-like objects W1 and W2 are fixed using a nut 30a with a washer shown in FIG. 5 (b) and a bolt 30b with a washer shown in FIG. 6 (b). is there.
(1) Insert the bolt shaft 9 of the bolt 30b with a washer through the insertion holes H1 and H2 of the two objects W1 and W2 that are overlaid.
(2) A nut 30a with a washer is screwed onto a bolt shaft 9 projecting downward from an object (lower plate) W2, and the washer 1 is tightened until the back surface 4b of the washer 1 contacts the lower plate W2. The elastic portion 5a of the spring 5 fitted and locked to the washer 1 of 30a is attached to the lower plate W2 and the elastic portion of the spring 5 fitted and locked to the washer 1 of the bolt 30b with the washer on the object (upper plate) W1. 5a is brought into pressure contact with the upper plate W1.

  The washer 1 of the present invention is not incorporated in advance in the nut 6 or the bolt 8 but can be used by being set in the nut 6 or the bolt 8 at the time of use.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Washer 2 Screw 3 Head 4 Washer main body 4a (Washer main body) surface 4b (Washer main body) back surface 5 Spring 5a Elastic part 5b Locking part 6 Nut 7 Caulking protrusion 7a (Connecting shaft) tip 8 Bolt DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 9 Bolt shaft 10 Through-hole 11 Inner periphery 12 Outer periphery 13 Height part 14 Washer protrusion 15 Non-projection part 16 Fitting recessed part 17 Overpass slope 18 Locking surface 19 Edge line part 20 Insertion hole 30 Screws with washer 30a Washer nut 30b Washer Attached bolt 31 Head projection 32 Overcoming slope 33 Locking surface 34 Ridge part 35 Screw part 36 Screwless part (neck part)
W Object W1 Upper object (upper plate)
W2 Lower object (lower plate)
H1 (upper plate) insertion hole H2 (lower plate) insertion hole

Claims (7)

In the washer set on the root side of the head of the screw,
It has a washer body and a separate spring.
The spring has an elastic part that can be compressed and restored, and an engaging part that can be attached to the washer, and the engaging part is engaged with the fitting recess of the washer body so as not to fall off, and the elastic part is the washer body. Protrudes from the back of the
The spring fitted in the fitting recess is pressed against the object by tightening the screws and can be pressed against the object.
A washer characterized by that. The washer according to claim 1,
An elastic part that can be compressed and restored is formed by bending a plate or wire,
A washer characterized by that. In the washer according to claim 1 or claim 2,
The locking part was inserted into the washer body.
A washer characterized by that. In the washer according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The washer body has a washer projection on its surface, and the washer projection meshes with the head projection formed on the back of the head of the screw by tightening the screw. The part is pressed against the object and pressed.
A washer characterized by that. A screw with a washer in which a washer is attached to the back side of the head of the screw,
The washer is the washer according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A washer is attached to the back of the head of the screw so that it can rotate horizontally and slide up and down.
A screw with a washer characterized by that. The screw with a washer according to claim 5,
The screw is a nut with a head and a caulking projection,
The washer according to claim 4,
The washer is attached to the back of the nut so that it can be rotated horizontally and slid vertically by caulking the caulking projection.
The washer is tightened by tightening the nut so that the head protrusion and the washer protrusion engage with each other, and the spring of the washer is pushed to the object side and pressed.
A screw with a washer characterized by that. The screw with a washer according to claim 5,
The screw is a bolt with a head and a bolt shaft,
The washer is the washer according to claim 4,
The bolt shaft includes a screw portion in which a screw is formed and a neck portion in which no screw is formed,
The washer is provided on the outer periphery of the neck of the bolt shaft so that it can rotate horizontally and slide up and down.
The screw thread of the screw part is larger than the through hole of the washer, and the washer provided on the outer periphery of the neck part is prevented from falling off from the bolt shaft by engaging with the screw thread.
The washer is tightened by tightening the bolt so that the head protrusion and the washer protrusion engage with each other, and the spring of the washer is pushed to the object side and pressed.
A screw with a washer characterized by that.

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