JP2015218068A - Potassium iodide generating agent composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a potassium iodide generating agent composition which is prepared in order to deal with the case that a radiation accident is caused and from which potassium iodide can be generated instantaneously, and to provide a potassium iodide generator, in which the potassium iodide generating agent composition is used, and a device for sucking potassium iodide, in which the potassium iodide generator is used.SOLUTION: The potassium iodide generating agent composition contains (A) fuel and (B) potassium iodate and/or potassium periodate so that the content rate of the (B) component becomes 40-65 mass%. The potassium iodide generator is constituted so that ignition means and the potassium iodide generating agent composition are housed in a housing having a discharge port of potassium iodide-containing gas. The device for sucking potassium iodide includes: the potassium iodide generator; a hermetically-sealed chamber which is filled with the potassium iodide-containing gas generated from the potassium iodide generator; and potassium iodide sucking means connected to the hermetically-sealed chamber.

Description

  The present invention relates to a potassium iodide generator composition, a potassium iodide generator using the same, and an inhalation device for potassium iodide using the same.

Conventionally, a method of orally administering iodine is known (Patent Document 1), and in the event of a radiation accident, a method of orally administering tablets is also employed.
Patent Document 2 also discloses a method for absorbing a sprayed medicine (paragraph number 0002), and also describes that potassium iodide may be included as a partial component (claim 6 and the like). ).

Patent Document 3 describes an invention of an auto-igniting explosive composition containing a carbohydrate, an oxohalogenate and a metal oxide, and also describes that it can be used for a gas generator for a vehicle airbag device. (Claim 1, paragraph number 0001).
A large number of oxohalogenates are listed, and potassium iodate is exemplified as one of them, but what is used in the examples (preferred) is potassium chlorate, and potassium iodide. Is also not described.

Special table 2003-510243 gazette JP 2013-155208 A JP-A-7-232929

  The present invention is for responding to an emergency radiation accident, a potassium iodide generator composition capable of instantaneously generating potassium iodide, a potassium iodide generator using the same, and It is an object of the present invention to provide a potassium iodide inhaler using a potassium iodide generator.

As a means for solving the problems, the present invention includes (A) fuel, (B) potassium iodate and / or potassium periodate, and (B) component content of 40 to 65% by mass, potassium iodide. A generator composition is provided.
The present invention includes (A) fuel, (B) potassium iodate and / or potassium periodate, (C) a binder, and (B) component content of 50 to 78 mass as another means for solving the problems. %, A potassium iodide generator composition is provided.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a potassium iodide generator in which an ignition means and the above potassium iodide generator composition are housed in a housing having a discharge port for a gas containing potassium iodide. provide.

The potassium iodide generator of the present invention is a known gas generator for an airbag device, and a gas generator using a gas generating agent as a gas source can be used.
The potassium iodide generator of the present invention uses the potassium iodide generator composition described above instead of the gas generator.
The amount of the potassium iodide generator composition used is selected according to the amount of potassium iodide to be generated.

  As a means for solving another problem, the present invention provides the potassium iodide generator, a sealed chamber for filling a gas containing potassium iodide generated from the potassium iodide generator, and the sealed chamber. An inhalation device for potassium iodide comprising a connected potassium iodide inhalation means is provided.

The inhalation device for potassium iodide of the present invention may be either a portable type or a fixed type.
When the potassium iodide inhalation device of the present invention is a portable type, for example, a device capable of generating and supplying potassium iodide corresponding to a necessary amount of about 5 to 10 persons can be provided.
When the potassium iodide inhalation device of the present invention is a stationary type, for example, a device capable of generating and supplying potassium iodide corresponding to a necessary amount of about 100 to 200 people can be provided.

The potassium iodide inhaler of the present invention can instantaneously generate a required amount of potassium iodide and inhale it.
For this reason, when a radiation accident occurs, it can be used for prevention / reduction of internal exposure of the thyroid gland by radioactive iodine, instead of each person drinking iodine.

It is sectional drawing of the axial direction of the potassium iodide generator of this invention. It is the figure which removed the wall of the partial surface side of the inhalation device of the potassium iodide of this invention using the potassium iodide generator of FIG.

<Potassium iodide generator composition>
The first potassium iodide generator composition contains (A) component fuel and (B) component potassium iodate and / or potassium periodate.
The second potassium iodide generator composition contains (A) component fuel, (B) component potassium iodate and / or potassium periodate, and (C) component binder.

The fuel of component (A) is preferably selected from guanidine nitrate, nitroguanidine, 5-aminotetrazole, ammonium nitrate, and melamine.
Any one of these may be used, or two or more may be combined.

The component (B) is potassium iodate (KIO ₃ ), potassium periodate (KIO ₄ ), or a mixture of potassium iodate and potassium periodate.
The component (B) is a component that functions as an oxidizing agent while serving as a source of potassium iodide.

  The binder of component (C) is preferably selected from carboxymethylcellulose and its salts, guar gum, polyvinyl alcohol and starch.

The first potassium iodide generator composition may suitably use other additives as long as it acts suitably on the generation of potassium iodide and does not adversely affect the human body.
When the first potassium iodide generator composition comprises (A) component and (B) component,
(A) The content rate of a component is 35-60 mass%, Preferably it is 40-55 mass%,
(B) The content rate of a component is 40-65 mass%, Preferably it is 45-60 mass%.

The second potassium iodide generator composition may suitably use other additives as long as it acts favorably on the generation of potassium iodide and does not adversely affect the human body.
When the second potassium iodide generator composition comprises (A) component, (B) component and (C) component,
(A) The content rate of a component is 20-45 mass%, Preferably it is 22-45 mass%,
(B) The content rate of a component is 50-78 mass%, Preferably it is 55-75 mass%,
(C) The content rate of a component is 2-10 mass%, Preferably it is 3-8 mass%.

The potassium iodide generator composition may be in a powder state or may be formed into a desired shape.
As the molding method, a well-known method for molding a gas generating agent used in a gas generator for an air bag apparatus can be applied.

<Potassium iodide generator>
The potassium iodide generator will be described with reference to FIG.
The basic structure of the potassium iodide generator 1 shown in FIG. 1 can be the same as that of a pyrotechnic gas generator used in an airbag apparatus.

The housing 11 is obtained by welding and integrating a diffuser shell 12 and a closure shell 13 at a joint portion.
The diffuser shell 12 has a gas outlet (gas outlet) 14 containing a plurality of potassium iodide fine particles on the side wall surface.
The gas discharge port 14 is closed from the inside with a moisture-proof seal tape 15.
In addition to the shape shown in FIG. 1, the housing may have a cylindrical shape that is widely used in known gas generators.

An inner cylinder member 20 is disposed at a position surrounding the central axis X of the housing 11.
As for the inner cylinder member 20, the 1st end part 21 is located in the top-plate surface 12a side, and the 2nd end part 22 is located in the bottom-plate surface 13a side.
The inner cylinder member 20 has a plurality of heat transfer holes 24 in the circumferential direction on the peripheral wall surface 23. The heat transfer hole 24 is closed with a seal tape 25 from the outside.

The inside of the inner cylinder member 20 is an ignition means chamber 30.
In the ignition means chamber 30, an electric igniter 31 is attached from the bottom plate surface 13a side.
A transfer charge (transfer charge container) 35 filled in an aluminum container or the like is disposed on the top plate surface 12 a side in the ignition means chamber 30.
The charge transfer agent 35 is in contact with the ignition part 32 of the electric igniter 31.
In addition, you may make it ignite the potassium iodide generator composition 42 only with the igniter 31 without using the explosive charge 35. FIG.

The outside of the inner cylinder member 20 is a combustion chamber 40, and the combustion chamber 40 and the ignition means chamber 30 are separated by the inner cylinder member 20 before operation.
The combustion chamber 40 is filled with the potassium iodide generator composition 42 described above.
An annular retainer 45 is disposed on the bottom plate surface 13 a side of the combustion chamber 40. The annular retainer 45 is for adjusting the capacity of the combustion chamber 40 by moving the position in the central axis X direction according to the filling amount of the potassium iodide generator composition 42.

A cylindrical coolant material 45 is disposed outside the combustion chamber 40 with a gap 50 between the combustion chamber 40 and the discharge port 14.
The cylindrical coolant material 45 serves to cool the gas containing potassium iodide and prevent sparks generated during combustion from entering the sealed chamber housing 110.
A coolant or filter used in a known gas generator for passing a gas containing generated potassium iodide (potassium iodide is in a gaseous state before passing through the cylindrical coolant material 45). In comparison, those having a small bulk density are preferably used.
A positioning member 46 is disposed between the cylindrical coolant material 45 and the inner cylinder member 20.

<Inhalation device for potassium iodide>
An inhalation device 100 for potassium iodide will be described with reference to FIG.
The sealed chamber housing 110 is a sealed chamber 120 to which a gas containing potassium iodide fine particles is supplied during operation.
The sealed chamber housing 110 may be any one that can maintain hermeticity, but is preferably made of plastic from the viewpoint of weight reduction, and is made of transparent plastic, and the inside state (the generation state of potassium iodide fine particles) is visually observed. You may be able to do it.
The sealed chamber housing 110 can have an external shape such as a cylinder, a disk, a shape in which a part of a sphere is cut, a rectangular parallelepiped, or a cube. Further, FIG. 2 shows a state in which the fixed inhaler 100 is placed vertically, but it may be a horizontally placed type.
A sound absorbing material may be attached to the inner side surface of the sealed chamber housing 110 in order to reduce the sound when the potassium iodide generator 1 is activated (combustion noise of the potassium iodide generator composition).

The size (volume) of the sealed chamber 120 can be determined according to the amount of potassium iodide generated. For example, potassium iodide for 100 people is generated and the generated potassium iodide concentration is uniform. If it is kept at, it is about 0.825 m ³ .
For this reason, when it is set as the apparatus which generates potassium iodide for many people, it can be set as a fixed type apparatus, When it is set as the apparatus which generates potassium iodide for a small number of people, it can be set as a portable type apparatus.
A caster for moving the device 100 can be attached to the bottom surface 112 of the sealed chamber housing 110 as necessary.

The potassium iodide generator 1 is attached to the ceiling surface 111 of the sealed chamber housing 110 facing the sealed chamber 120.
The electric igniter 31 in the potassium iodide generator 1 is connected to an external power source, an emergency power source such as a battery, etc. via a lead wire (not shown), and can be energized from either one depending on the situation. It has become.
Two or more potassium iodide generators 120 can be attached as necessary. For example, assuming that one potassium iodide generator 120 can generate potassium iodide for 50 people, when two potassium iodide generators 120 are attached and sequentially operated, one device 1 is equivalent to 100 people in total. Of potassium iodide can be generated.

A fan 130 having a function of diffusing internal air is attached to the bottom surface 112 of the sealed chamber housing 110 facing the sealed chamber 120.
The fan 130 is connected to both an external power source and an emergency power source such as a battery via a lead wire (not shown), and can be energized from either one according to the situation.
Note that the fan 120 may not be used when the potassium iodide inhaler 100 is for a small number of people.

A potassium iodide inhaling means 140 connected to the sealed chamber 120 is connected to the peripheral wall surface 113 of the sealed chamber housing 110.
The suction means 140 may be any means that can suck the gas containing potassium iodide fine particles in the sealed chamber 120 from the outside during operation.
In FIG. 2, a suction means 140 comprising a combination of a tube 141 and a mask 142 is attached.
Each of the tubes 141 is made of flexible plastic or rubber.
The mask 142 can be made of non-woven fabric or paper in addition to plastic and rubber.
The tube 141 has a first end opening side connected to the inside of the sealed chamber 120, and an opening / closing valve that can be opened and closed from the outside is attached to the connection portion 143.
The tube 141 is connected to the mask 142 on the opposite second end side. The mask 142 may be a nose or a shape and size that can cover both the mouth and the nose.
A plurality of inhalation means 140 may be attached at different height positions so that a large number of persons with different heights such as adult men, adult women, and children can inhale at a time.
Further, the mask 142 can be detachably attached to the second end side of the tube 141 and can be exchanged.

Inhaler 100 is provided with a power switch (not shown) outside sealed chamber housing 110.
The power switch is a switch for operating the potassium iodide generator 1, but when the fan 120 is used, both the potassium iodide generator 1 and the fan 120 can be operated with one power switch. It is desirable.

Next, the operation of the potassium iodide inhaler 100 using the potassium iodide generator composition and the potassium iodide generator 1 will be described.
In the unlikely event that a radiation accident occurs and it is necessary to take iodine (potassium iodide), if the inhalation device 100 for potassium iodide is stationary, the evacuation where the stationary device 100 is installed When the device 100 is a portable type, the portable device 100 is used while being moved, or is used by being moved to a place such as a refuge.
When the power switch (the operation switch of the potassium iodide generator 1) is turned on, the igniter 31 of the potassium iodide generator 1 is activated, the transfer charge 35 in the ignition means chamber 30 is ignited, and a flame or the like is generated. .
The generated flame breaks the seal tape 25 that closes the heat transfer holes 24 and flows into the combustion chamber 40 to ignite and burn the potassium iodide generating composition 33.
A gas containing potassium iodide fine particles is generated in the combustion chamber 40 by ignition combustion of the potassium iodide generator composition 33.
The gas containing potassium iodide fine particles passes through the coolant 45 and is cooled, then flows into the gap 50, breaks the seal tape 15, and is discharged from the discharge port 14 into the sealed chamber 120. Although the gas temperature immediately after discharge is high, since the inside of the sealed chamber 120 is at room temperature, it is quickly lowered. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the cooled potassium iodide fine particles become white smoke.

Since the fan 130 operates simultaneously with the operation of the potassium iodide generator 1, the gas containing the potassium iodide fine particles discharged into the sealed chamber 120 (including the air in the sealed chamber 120 in advance) is diffused. The potassium iodide concentration becomes uniform.
Thereafter, by inhaling several times with the mouth and nose close to the mask 142, the necessary amount of potassium iodide can be taken orally and through the nostrils.

By providing the inhalation device of the present invention in a conspicuous place such as a primary refuge, home, workplace, etc., it can be used as an alternative means for each person to drink iodine in an emergency.
In particular, when the inhaler of the present invention is used, it is not necessary for each person to search for a place for the iodine agent or to prepare water for drinking the iodine agent in an emergency.

Examples 1 to 16 (potassium iodide generator composition)
Table 1 shows the potassium iodide generator composition. The amount of potassium iodide generated is a calculated amount.

When the potassium iodide generator filled with 70 g of the potassium iodide generator composition of Examples 1 to 16 is operated, a gas containing potassium iodide fine particles of about 30 g (calculated amount) shown in Table 1 is generated. .
Assuming that about 30 g of potassium iodide fine particles are filled in a sealed chamber having a volume of 1.65 m ³ , the amount of potassium iodide per 1 m ³ is 30,000 mg / 1.65 m ³ = 18181 mg / m ³ .
The amount of air that an adult male (spiral capacity 3000 ml) inhales in one deep breath is about 0.003 m ³ , and 130/18181 / 0.003 = about 2.4 (inhaled twice) to inhale the required amount of 130 mg for an adult male )
Therefore, by inhaling a few times, the effect of preventing / reducing internal exposure of the thyroid gland by radioactive iodine can be obtained.

NQ: Nitroguanidine, GN: Guanidine nitrate KIO3: Potassium iodate, KIO4: Potassium periodate CMCNa: Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt PVA: Polyvinyl alcohol

  The inhalation device for potassium iodide of the present invention can be used for prevention / reduction of internal exposure of the thyroid gland due to radioactive iodine.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Potassium iodide generator 42 Potassium iodide generator composition 100 Inhalation device of potassium iodide

Claims (10)

  A potassium iodide generator composition comprising (A) fuel and (B) potassium iodate and / or potassium periodate, wherein the content of component (B) is 40 to 65% by mass.   A potassium iodide generator composition comprising (A) fuel, (B) potassium iodate and / or potassium periodate, (C) a binder, and a content ratio of component (B) of 50 to 78% by mass.   The potassium iodide generator composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fuel of component (A) is selected from guanidine nitrate, nitroguanidine, 5-aminotetrazole, ammonium nitrate, and melamine.   The potassium iodide generator composition according to claim 2, wherein the binder of component (C) is selected from carboxymethylcellulose and salts thereof, guar gum, polyvinyl alcohol, and starch.   A potassium iodide generator in which the ignition means and the potassium iodide generator composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are housed in a housing having a gas discharge port containing potassium iodide.   The ignition means chamber is disposed inside the housing, a combustion chamber is disposed outside the ignition means chamber, and an interior cylinder member separates the ignition means chamber and the combustion chamber. 5. The potassium iodide generator according to 5. In the housing, an ignition means chamber is disposed inside, a combustion chamber is disposed outside the ignition means chamber, and the ignition means chamber and the combustion chamber are separated by an inner cylinder member,
6. The potassium iodide generator according to claim 5, wherein a cylindrical coolant material is disposed outside the combustion chamber with a gap between the exhaust port and the exhaust port.   The potassium iodide generator according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the ignition means is an igniter or a combination of an igniter and a transfer charge.   A potassium iodide generator according to any one of claims 5 to 8, a sealed chamber for filling a gas containing potassium iodide generated from the potassium iodide generator, and connected to the sealed chamber An inhalation device for potassium iodide, comprising an inhalation means for potassium iodide.   10. The potassium iodide inhaler according to claim 9, further comprising an air diffusing device disposed in the sealed chamber.

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