JP2015209880A - High pressure hydrogen storage container - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high pressure hydrogen storage container having excellent ductility.SOLUTION: A high pressure hydrogen storage container 1 comprises: a liner 10; and a steel code 21 wound around the liner. Preferably, the liner 10 is made of metal and the steel code 21 has edge sections welded to the liner 10. No specific method is required for winding the steel code 21. For example, a hoop winding method, a helical winding method, an in-plane wind method or another method combining any of these methods can be used for winding the steel code 21.

Description

  The present invention relates to a high-pressure hydrogen storage container.

  Development of a high-pressure hydrogen storage container that can be filled with high-pressure hydrogen gas is underway as a hydrogen storage container mounted on a fuel cell vehicle. In order to improve the cruising distance of fuel cell vehicles, development of containers capable of being filled with higher-pressure hydrogen gas has been underway, and in recent years, development of containers capable of being filled with 70 MPa hydrogen gas has been underway.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-180605 discloses an inner container to which a gas is supplied, and a fiber that is provided around the inner container and includes at least one carbonaceous material among fullerene, nanotube, fullerene soot, and nanotube soot. A storage container is disclosed comprising an outer container comprising a reinforced plastic.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-154927 discloses a high-pressure tank in which a reinforcing fiber layer is formed on the outer peripheral surface of a metal liner, and the metal liner is 94.8 to 97.5% aluminum, 1.2 to It is formed by plastically deforming an aluminum alloy short cylindrical blank material composed of 1.6%, silicon 0.6-1.2%, and copper 0.5-1.0%. A high pressure tank is disclosed.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-239833 contains a heat conducting means capable of exchanging heat with an internal gas inside a container body that covers an outer surface of an airtight liner and includes a fiber reinforced resin layer. A hydrogen storage container is disclosed. The heat transfer means of the hydrogen storage container includes a heat exchange means which is expanded inside the container and exchanges heat with the internal gas, and is thermally connected to the heat exchange means and thermally connected to the cap portion of the container body. A shaft body to be connected.

  Japanese Patent No. 5061529 discloses a high-pressure hydrogen storage container including a hydrogen container filled with a material that absorbs or adsorbs hydrogen, and a liner that houses the hydrogen container. A refrigerant pipe through which a refrigerant for cooling the material to be filled flows is provided in the hydrogen container. The material to be filled is composed of a plurality of materials having different plateau pressures and different properties for occluding or adsorbing hydrogen. The high-pressure hydrogen storage container is filled with the plurality of materials described above. The high-pressure hydrogen storage container is configured such that the difference in plateau pressure between a plurality of materials is equal.

  International Publication No. 2013/018570 is a composite container in which a liner is reinforced with fibers and a resin, and the hydrogen storage capacity when the temperature is 303 K and the hydrogen equilibrium pressure is 35 MPa is less than 0.5% by mass. A hydrogen storage composite container in which 1 to 25% by volume of a certain filler is present is disclosed.

JP 2005-180605 A JP 2007-154927 A JP 2007-239833 A Japanese Patent No. 5061529 International Publication No. 2013/018570

  As a high-pressure hydrogen storage container mounted on a fuel cell vehicle, a container having a liner and a reinforcing layer made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) is used like the container described in the above patent document. Yes. CFRP has a low specific gravity of 1.74 to 1.97 and a high tensile strength of 5000 to 6000 MPa. By using CFRP as a reinforcing layer, a lightweight and high pressure resistant container can be realized.

  On the other hand, CFRP has poor ductility and its fracture form is brittle fracture. Therefore, in a container using CFRP as a reinforcing layer, if a crack occurs in a part of the container, the entire container may be damaged. Therefore, in a container having CFRP as a reinforcing layer, it is necessary to set a high safety factor. That is, it is necessary to set the upper limit value of the pressure of hydrogen filling the container sufficiently lower than the pressure at which destruction starts.

  If the fracture mode of the container is ductile fracture, even if a crack occurs in a part of the container, the fracture can be kept locally. Therefore, a safety factor can be set low compared with a container with low ductility. Therefore, the pressure of hydrogen filling the container can be further increased.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a high-pressure hydrogen storage container excellent in ductility.

  The high-pressure hydrogen storage container according to the present invention includes a liner and a steel cord wound around the liner.

  According to the present invention, a high-pressure hydrogen storage container having excellent ductility can be obtained.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a high-pressure hydrogen storage container according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a high-pressure hydrogen storage container according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will not be repeated.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a high-pressure hydrogen storage container 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 1. The high-pressure hydrogen storage container 1 includes a liner 10 and a reinforcing layer 20 made of a steel cord 21. Although the magnitude | size of the high pressure hydrogen storage container 1 is not specifically limited, For example, it is 100-2000 mm by an outer diameter.

  The liner 10 includes a cylindrical barrel portion 10a, mirror portions 10b and 10c formed at both ends of the barrel portion 10a in the axial direction, and a base 11 formed at the mirror portion 10b.

  The space inside the liner 10 is filled with hydrogen through the opening of the base 11. The liner 10 is preferably formed of a material having high airtightness and excellent hydrogen embrittlement characteristics. The material of the liner 10 is, for example, austenitic stainless steel such as SUS316L, aluminum alloy, or plastic. The liner 10 is preferably a seamless container, that is, a container having no welded portion in the pressure-resistant portion.

  A steel cord 21 is wound around the liner 10. A steel cord 21 wound around the liner 10 forms a reinforcing layer 20. Although only a part of the steel cord 21 is shown in FIG. 1, the steel cord 21 preferably covers the entire body portion 10 a of the liner 10. More preferably, the steel cord 21 is wound around the entire body portion 10a of the liner 10 and the mirror portions 10b and 10c.

  The method of winding the steel cord 21 is not particularly limited. As a method of winding the steel cord 21, for example, a hoop winding wound almost at right angles to the axial direction of the barrel portion 10a, a helical winding wound helically around the barrel portion 10a and the mirror portions 10b, 10c, or the barrel portion 10a and the mirror In-plane winding wound linearly around the portions 10b and 10c, or a combination thereof can be employed.

  The start end and / or end of the steel cord 21 may be fixed to the liner 10. By fixing the start end and / or end of the steel cord 21 to the liner 10, the steel cord 21 can be wound around the liner 10 with higher tension. The start end and / or end of the steel cord 21 may be fixed to the base 11 or the like with a hook, for example. Alternatively, when the liner 10 is a metal, the start end and / or end of the steel cord 21 and the liner 10 may be welded. By welding, a strong joint can be obtained relatively easily. Therefore, it is preferable that the liner 10 is a metal and the steel cord 21 has an end portion welded to the liner 10.

  Alternatively, the steel cord 21 and the liner 10 may be fixed by impregnating the steel cord 21 with a thermosetting resin in advance and winding the steel cord 21 around the liner 10 and then curing the thermosetting resin.

  The steel cord 21 is one of the strongest materials among steel materials. The steel cord 21 has a tensile strength of 1500 to 5000 MPa, for example. The steel cord 21 preferably has a tensile strength of 3000 MPa or more, and more preferably has a tensile strength of 3500 MPa or more.

  The chemical composition of the steel cord 21 is, for example, mass%, C: 0.5 to 1.5%, P: 0.03% or less, S: 0.03% or less, O: 0.01% or less, N: 0.03% or less, Si: 0 to 2%, Mn: 0 to 2%, Al: 0 to 0.1%, Cr: 0 to 2%, Mo: 0 to 1%, V: 0 to 1.0 %, Nb: 0 to 0.1%, Ti: 0 to 0.1%, Zr: 0 to 0.1%, Ni: 0 to 3%, Cu: 0 to 3%, B: 0 to 0.01 %, Balance: Fe and impurities. Among the above chemical components, Si, Mn, Al, Cr, Mo, V, Nb, Ti, Zr, Ni, Cu, and B are contained as necessary. That is, these elements are selective elements and may not be contained in the steel cord 21.

  The steel cord 21 is manufactured, for example, by repeatedly performing wire drawing and patenting treatment on a hot-rolled wire having the above chemical composition. The wire diameter (diameter) of the steel cord 21 is, for example, 0.05 to 1 mm.

  The configuration of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 1 has been described above. According to the present embodiment, the high-pressure hydrogen container 1 includes the reinforcing layer 20 made of the steel cord 21. The reinforcing layer 20 is excellent in ductility compared with a reinforcing layer made of CFRP. Therefore, the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 1 is superior in ductility compared with a container provided with a reinforcing layer made of CFRP.

  The reinforcing layer 20 is inferior to the reinforcing layer made of CFRP in specific strength. However, since the fracture form of the reinforcing layer 20 is ductile fracture, even if a crack occurs in a part of the container, the fracture can be kept locally. Therefore, a safety factor can be set low compared with the container provided with the reinforcement layer which consists of CFRP. As a result, there is a possibility that the pressure of hydrogen filling the container can be increased.

  Since the reinforced layer 20 has higher ductility than a reinforced layer made of CFRP, it has a high plastic deformability against external stress and is less likely to break. The reinforcing layer 20 has a higher thermal conductivity than a reinforcing layer made of CFRP. Therefore, it is excellent in heat dissipation and excellent in stability against heat change (temperature rise during compression and filling of gas).

  Since the reinforcing layer made of CFRP is a composite material of carbon fiber and plastic, it is difficult to recycle. On the other hand, the reinforcing layer 20 is made of the steel cord 21, and thus can be easily recycled. When the liner 10 is made of metal, all the materials constituting the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 1 are made of metal, which makes recycling easier. Further, the reinforcing layer made of CFRP is very expensive, whereas the reinforcing layer 20 can be manufactured at a low cost.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The high-pressure hydrogen storage container 2 further includes a reinforcing layer 30 made of CFRP in addition to the configuration of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 1. That is, in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 2, a steel cord is wound around the liner 10, and CFRP is wound around the steel cord.

  Also in this embodiment, the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 2 includes the reinforcing layer 20 having excellent ductility. Therefore, the fracture mode of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 2 is ductile fracture. Further, according to the present embodiment, the strength of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 2 can be improved by the reinforcing layer 30. The reinforcing layer 30 made of CFRP has a higher specific strength than the reinforcing layer 20 made of steel cord. Therefore, the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 2 can realize a predetermined pressure resistance with a thickness thinner than that of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 1. In other words, the weight of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 2 can be further reduced.

  In FIG. 3, the reinforcing layer 20 and the reinforcing layer 30 are illustrated as having the same thickness, but the ratio of the thickness of the reinforcing layer 20 and the reinforcing layer 30 is arbitrary. If the thickness ratio of the reinforcing layer 20 is increased, the ductility of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 2 can be improved. If the ratio of the thickness of the reinforcing layer 30 is increased, the strength of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 2 can be improved.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the steel cord is wound around the liner 10 and the CFRP is wound around the steel cord has been described. However, CFRP may be wound around the liner 10 and a steel cord may be wound around the CFRP. That is, the order of the reinforcing layer 20 and the reinforcing layer 30 may be reversed.

  Hereinafter, based on an Example, this invention is demonstrated more concretely. In addition, this Example does not limit this invention.

  A high-pressure hydrogen storage container was manufactured by winding a steel cord around a SUS316L liner. Using the manufactured high-pressure hydrogen storage container, a pressure resistance test and a hydrogen pressure cycle test were performed.

  Steel cords shown in Tables 1 and 2 were used. The steel cord was manufactured from a hot-rolled wire having an outer diameter of 6 mm by repeating wire drawing and patenting treatment.

  As the liner, a seamless steel pipe having a chemical composition shown in Table 3 was formed into a 3 mm thick container.

  A steel cord was wound around the liner to produce a high-pressure hydrogen storage container having the dimensions shown in Table 4.

  Using the manufactured high-pressure hydrogen storage container, a pressure test and a hydrogen pressure cycle test were performed in accordance with the hydrogen container exemplification standard JARIS001.

  In the pressure resistance test, a water pressure resistance test of 2.25 times the filling pressure of 70 MPa was performed, and it was confirmed that the container was not damaged.

  In the hydrogen pressure cycle test, the hydrogen pressure was varied between 0.1 MPa and 90 MPa (125% of 70 MPa), and it was confirmed that the vessel was not damaged after 11250 cycles.

1, 2 High pressure hydrogen storage container 10 Liner 20, 30 Reinforcement layer 21 Steel cord

Claims (3)

Liner,
A high-pressure hydrogen storage container comprising a steel cord wrapped around the liner. The high-pressure hydrogen storage container according to claim 1,
A high pressure hydrogen storage container further comprising a carbon fiber reinforced plastic wrapped around the liner. The high-pressure hydrogen storage container according to claim 1 or 2,
The liner is made of metal;
The high-pressure hydrogen storage container, wherein the steel cord has an end welded to the liner.

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