JP2015209790A - Reciprocating type compressor, and refrigeration/freezing unit using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small and low-cost reciprocating type compressor.SOLUTION: A reciprocating type compressor includes a compression element 6 and a plurality of electric drive element 5 which reciprocatingly drive. The plurality of electric drive element 5 are positioned symmetrically, that is, with equal distances and equal division angles, relative to a shaft core of the compression element 6. The compression element 6 includes a piston 25 and a cylinder 13. The electric drive element 5 includes a stator 52 and a movable element 51.

Description

  The present invention relates to a hermetic reciprocating compressor used in a refrigerator / freezer.

  As a background art of the present invention, there is Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-266755). Patent Document 1 discloses a reciprocating compressor that can minimize power loss, reduce generated noise, simplify the structure, and improve assembly accuracy. A reference frame 40 supported by the reference frame 40, a drive motor 50 that is mounted on one side of the reference frame 40 to generate a linear reciprocating drive force, and a coupled magnet holder 60 that is provided through the reference frame 40; It is described that a reciprocating compressor is configured to include a fastening means for fastening the coupled magnet holder 60 and the piston 100 and a discharge valve assembly 90 for discharging gas (see summary). . The drawing of Patent Document 1 is shown in FIG.

JP 2002-266755 A

  However, in the conventional reciprocating compressor described in Patent Document 1, a magnet holder, that is, a linear motor, which is a reciprocating movable part is configured in series in the reciprocating direction of the piston, so that the compressor is in the direction of the compression element. However, there is a problem that the internal volume of the refrigerator mounted is reduced.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a compact and low-cost reciprocating compressor that can maximize the internal volume of a refrigerator, for example.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the structures described in the claims.
The present invention includes a plurality of means for solving the above-described problems. To give an example of the reciprocating compressor of the present invention, a reciprocating compressor including a compression element and a plurality of electric elements that are driven to reciprocate. In this case, the plurality of electric elements are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axial center of the compression element.

  According to the reciprocating compressor of the present invention, since the compressor can be significantly reduced in size compared to the conventional one, the internal volume of a refrigerator, a freezer, a showcase or the like equipped with the compressor of the present invention is reduced. It is possible to maximize. Further, since the compressor can be miniaturized, it is possible to keep the material to be used to a minimum, and it is possible to keep the cost of the reciprocating compressor low.

  Also, by balancing the magnetic thrust among the electric elements used in multiple sets, the reciprocating guide member of the drive element becomes unnecessary, so it is possible to configure without the sliding part, so that the sliding loss is reduced. A small and highly efficient compressor can be configured.

The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the reciprocating compressor of 1st Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is an AA cross-sectional view of the reciprocating compressor of FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a perspective overhead view of a main part of the reciprocating compressor in FIG. 1. The assembly exploded view of the principal part of the reciprocating compressor of FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the reciprocating compressor of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 6 is an AA cross-sectional view of the reciprocating compressor of FIG. 5. FIG. 6 is a perspective overhead view of a main part of the reciprocating compressor in FIG. 5. The perspective overhead view of the compressor principal part which shows the modification of 1st Embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the example of operation control of the electrically-driven element of 1st Embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of another example of operation control of the electric element of 1st Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing of the conventional reciprocating compressor described in Patent Document 1.

  Hereinafter, a plurality of embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited to these embodiment, Various modifications are included. In each drawing for describing the embodiment, elements having the same function are denoted by the same name and reference numeral, and repeated description thereof is omitted.

First embodiment

  A reciprocating reciprocating compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 and FIGS. The reciprocating compressor of the present embodiment can be applied to refrigeration / freezing apparatuses such as a refrigerator, a freezer, a refrigerator, a refrigerated showcase, and a refrigerated showcase. In the following description, the reciprocating compressor is used for a refrigeration cycle of a refrigerator. The case where it will be described.

  First, the overall configuration of the hermetic compressor of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a hermetic reciprocating compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective overview of the compression main part of this embodiment. FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the present embodiment. 9 and 10 are explanatory diagrams of operation control examples.

  In the sealed container 1, a compression element 6, an electric element 5, a frame 7, and a lubricating oil 2 are accommodated as main components. A suction pipe (not shown) is connected to the side surface of the sealed container 1 and is opened in the sealed container 1. This suction pipe communicates with the evaporator of the refrigeration cycle. A discharge pipe 32 is connected to the side surface of the sealed container 1. One side of the discharge pipe 32 is connected to the cylinder head 15, and the other side of the discharge pipe 32 is connected to a condenser of the refrigeration cycle. By these, it becomes a low-pressure chamber system in which the inside of the sealed container 1 becomes a suction pressure during operation. Lubricating oil 2 is stored in the bottom of the sealed container 1.

  The compression element 6 includes a cylinder 13 provided with a horizontally extending cylinder chamber 6a, a valve seat and cylinder head 15 disposed on one side of the cylinder 13, a head cover 16, and a piston 25 reciprocating in the cylinder chamber 6a. And a spring holder 26 fitted to the piston 25. The cylinder 13 is fixed integrally with the frame 7. The spring holder 26 is configured to reciprocate in the compression direction of the piston 25 via a resonance spring 31 between the frame 7 and the cylinder 13. In addition, the electric element 5 is arranged in three sets at equal division angles with respect to the piston 25 and the axis of the cylinder 13. The three types of electric elements 5 are arranged such that the distance between the movable element 51 and the axis of the piston 25 is equal. The compression element 6 and the plurality of electric elements 5 are arranged on the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the compression element 6.

  The cylinder chamber 6a is open at both sides in the horizontal direction, one side of which is closed by a piston 25, and the other side is closed by a valve seat (not shown) and a cylinder head 15. The valve seat and the cylinder head 15 are fixed to the compression side of the cylinder 13 with bolts or the like. The cylinder head 15 includes a suction hole, a suction valve, a discharge hole, and a discharge valve (all not shown). The head cover 16 is divided into a suction chamber and a discharge chamber (both not shown).

  The electric element 5 such as a linear actuator includes a stator composed of an armature core 52 and a winding 53, and a mover 51 disposed in the stator so as to be capable of reciprocating in the compression direction. The mover 51 is supported via a spring holder 26 using the piston 25 and the cylinder 13 as a linear guide.

The basic operation of the hermetic compressor configured as described above will be described below.
When a current is applied to the winding 53 of the electric element 5 to generate a magnetic thrust, the magnet included in the mover 51 is attracted by the magnetic thrust and is driven in the refrigerant suction direction, that is, the right direction of the drawing. . At this time, the suction valve is opened, and a low-pressure refrigerant is sucked into the cylinder 6a from the suction hole. At this time, the resonance spring 31 is compressed via the spring holder 26 and stores kinetic energy in the resonance spring. Next, by interrupting the electric current of the electric element or reversing the direction of the electric current, the piston 25 moves in the opposite direction, that is, in the compression direction of the refrigerant by the reaction force of the resonance spring 31 and the magnetic thrust of the electric element 5, almost simultaneously. The suction valve is closed and the refrigerant sucked into the cylinder 6a is compressed. As the piston continuously moves in the compression direction, the pressure in the refrigerant in the cylinder is increased, and the compressed refrigerant is discharged from the discharge hole together with the opening of the discharge valve. By repeating such a series of movements, the compressor of the present invention compresses the refrigerant.

  In order to operate the piston in this way, the three electric elements are controlled as shown in FIGS. FIG. 9 shows an example of control when there is a displacement of the electric element. Each electric element 5a-5c assumes the case where the magnetic domain center has shifted by Δab and Δbc as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. When such a shift occurs, the plurality of electric elements can be operated in synchronization by shifting the peak position of the current cycle λn applied to each electric element by Tab and Tbc. Also, as shown in FIG. 10, smooth driving is possible by shifting the drive timing of each electric element so that the electric elements used are equally distributed. Such a control example is an example, and it is also possible to obtain the maximum thrust by completely synchronizing a plurality of other electric elements. In addition, when used for temperature control of a closed space such as a refrigerator, for example, it is possible to control to operate with only one electric element at night in order to save energy.

  The resonance spring 31 repeats expansion and contraction by this series of compression operations. The resonance spring 31 is the total weight of the movable part of the compressor, which includes the piston 25, the spring holder 26 that is integrally fixed to the piston 25, and the movable element 51 that constitutes a part of the electric element 5. The spring multiplier is set so as to resonate according to the reaction force from the motor and the magnetic thrust generated by the electric element 5. Since the compressor of the present invention is operated at a frequency at which the resonance spring 31 resonates in accordance with the compression operation described above, the magnetic thrust is applied at the start of compression, the friction loss of the sliding portion, and the resonance spring. Continuous operation is possible only by the energy that attenuates.

  The reciprocating compressor of the present invention that is operated in this manner can be configured to be short in the reciprocating direction of the compressor because the electric element to be used is arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the compression element. By comprising like this invention, a reciprocating compressor can be made small. Further, by arranging the plurality of electric elements symmetrically with respect to the reciprocating direction of the compression element 6, it is not necessary to provide a linear guide for supporting the reciprocating movement of the mover 51 of the electric element 5. Therefore, friction loss between the mover 51 and the stator 52 can be reduced, and as a result, a highly efficient compressor can be configured.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the movable element 51 has an arc shape centered on the axis of the compression element, and the magnetic gap portion of the stator 52 is also configured in the same arc shape. It is also possible to stabilize the magnetic thrust generated by the electric element 6.

Second embodiment

  Next, 2nd Embodiment of this invention is described using FIGS. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a hermetic reciprocating compressor according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. FIG. 7 is a perspective overview of the main part of compression according to this embodiment. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the points described below, and the other points are basically the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus redundant description is omitted.

  In the second embodiment, two sets of electric elements are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the compression element with respect to the axial center of the compression element 6. According to this configuration, not only the size of the compressor in the compression direction but also the height of the compressor can be reduced. In the case of a compressor with a small output used for a small refrigerator or the like, it is possible to further reduce the size and cost of the compressor by reducing the number of electric elements as in the second embodiment. In addition, when using it for a large-sized refrigerator requiring a large output or a freezing showcase, it is possible to increase the number of electric elements. Furthermore, as a modification of the present embodiment, it is possible to arrange not only in parallel but also in series according to the shape of the installation part of the refrigerator or showcase to be adopted, for example, a thin and long compressor It is also possible.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Airtight container 2 Lubricating oil 5 Electric element 6 Compression element 7 Frame 13 Cylinder 15 Cylinder head 16 Head cover 25 Piston 26 Spring holder 31 Resonant spring 51 Mover 52 Stator 53 Stator winding

Claims (13)

A reciprocating compressor comprising a compression element and a plurality of electric elements that are driven to reciprocate,
A reciprocating compressor characterized in that the plurality of electric elements are arranged symmetrically with respect to an axis of the compression element. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 1,
A reciprocating compressor characterized in that the plurality of electric elements are arranged at equal distances and at equal division angles with respect to the axis of the compression element. In the reciprocating compressor according to claim 1 or 2,
A reciprocating compressor characterized in that the plurality of electric elements are composed of three sets. In the reciprocating compressor according to claim 1 or 2,
The plurality of electric elements are configured in two sets,
A reciprocating compressor characterized in that the electric element is arranged on both sides of the compression element. In the reciprocating compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The reciprocating compressor characterized in that the compression element and the plurality of electric elements are arranged on substantially the same plane. In the reciprocating compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The compression element comprises a cylinder and a piston;
A reciprocating compressor, wherein a resonance spring is connected to a spring holder connected to the piston. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 6, wherein
The electric element includes a stator and a mover,
The reciprocating compressor is characterized in that the mover is connected to the spring holder. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 7,
The reciprocating compressor is characterized in that the mover is supported by the piston and the cylinder as a linear guide. In the reciprocating compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
The mover included in the electric element is configured in an arc shape centered on the axis of the compression element, and
A reciprocating compressor characterized in that a magnetic gap portion of a stator included in the electric element is formed in a similar arc shape. In the reciprocating compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
A reciprocating compressor, wherein the plurality of electric elements are operated synchronously. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 10, wherein
A reciprocating compressor characterized by shifting a peak position of a current cycle λn applied to each electric element when there is a positional shift of the electric element. In the reciprocating compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
A reciprocating compressor characterized in that the drive timing of each electric element is shifted so that the electric elements are equally distributed.   A refrigeration / freezing apparatus using the reciprocating compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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