JP2015204539A - speaker device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a speaker device including a passive radiator in which unnecessary vibration of the entire device can be suppressed.SOLUTION: A speaker device includes at least one speaker unit, and at least two passive radiators in the housing. The speaker unit and passive radiators are arranged so that the vibration direction of a diaphragm each of the passive radiators and the vibration direction of a diaphragm of the speaker unit cross each other.

Description

  The present invention relates to a small speaker device provided with a passive radiator.

  A passive radiator is known as a device that improves the reproducibility and sound quality of a low frequency range in a small speaker device. The passive radiator is attached to a housing in which a speaker unit is attached. The passive radiator has a structure mainly including a frame and a diaphragm by removing a magnetic circuit as a drive system from the speaker unit. The passive radiator operates in accordance with the operation of the speaker unit.

  In the speaker unit, the diaphragm is driven in a predetermined direction and vibrates in accordance with a signal input to a drive system configured by a magnetic circuit or the like. The passive radiator vibrates by driving the diaphragm in accordance with energy generated by vibration of the diaphragm of the speaker unit. That is, the sound wave generated by the vibration of the diaphragm of the speaker unit propagates to the diaphragm of the passive radiator and becomes energy for driving the diaphragm. Therefore, the diaphragm of the passive radiator vibrates according to the vibration of the diaphragm of the speaker unit.

  In other words, the passive radiator is driven according to the output of the speaker unit. When the diaphragm of the passive radiator is driven and the diaphragm vibrates, mainly low-frequency sounds are emphasized. Thereby, it is possible to improve the reproducibility and sound quality of the low sound range.

  In order to enhance the effect of the passive radiator, the effective vibration area of the diaphragm of the passive radiator may be increased. However, if the dimensions of the passive radiator are increased, the effective vibration area of the diaphragm is also increased, so that the housing of the speaker device is increased. Therefore, if the diaphragm of the passive radiator is enlarged, it is against the size reduction of the speaker device.

  Further, when the diaphragm of the passive radiator is enlarged, the energy required for driving it is also increased. For this purpose, the output of the speaker unit must be increased.

  As a method for reducing the size of the speaker device and increasing the effective vibration area of the passive radiator, there is a method using a plurality of passive radiators. However, when the number of passive radiators is increased, unnecessary vibration due to vibration of the diaphragm of the passive radiator increases in proportion to the number. Unnecessary vibrations must be suppressed because they cause deterioration in sound quality. A speaker device including a plurality of passive radiators is known that suppresses unnecessary vibrations by disposing the passive radiators so as to face each other (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In the speaker device of Patent Document 1, a plurality of passive radiators are arranged on the same axis and face each other. By arranging the passive radiator in this way, one passive radiator acts as an acoustic load of the other passive radiator. With this action, the speaker device of Patent Document 1 suppresses unnecessary vibration of the passive radiator and prevents an excessive amplitude due to an excessive input during low-frequency reproduction. Moreover, the divided vibration of the diaphragm of the passive radiator is suppressed.

Japanese Patent No. 4468364

  When a plurality of passive radiators are provided as in the speaker device of Patent Document 1, the energy required for the operation of the passive radiator is increased. In order to increase this energy, the input to the speaker unit must be increased to increase the driving force of the diaphragm of the speaker unit. However, when the driving force of the speaker unit is increased, unnecessary vibration is easily generated in the entire housing of the speaker device. Even if a passive radiator is disposed as in the speaker device of Patent Document 1, it is not possible to suppress unnecessary vibration generated in the entire housing.

  In the speaker device of Patent Document 1, in order to suppress unnecessary vibration of the entire casing, it is only necessary to increase the weight and weight of the casing. That is, the housing may be reinforced. However, if the housing is reinforced, structural restrictions on the speaker device increase and the manufacturing cost also increases.

  Further, when two passive radiators are arranged to face each other as in the speaker device of Patent Document 1, a parallel surface is created inside the housing of the speaker device. The parallel plane becomes a factor that generates a standing wave. Standing waves have an acoustically adverse effect. Accordingly, it is desirable that the casing of the speaker device has a structure that does not generate a standing wave inside.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a speaker device that can suppress unnecessary vibration of the entire device including the speaker unit in a speaker device including a passive radiator.

  The present invention is a speaker device including at least one speaker unit and at least two passive radiators in a housing, wherein the speaker unit and the passive radiator are vibration directions of a diaphragm included in each of the passive radiators. And the speaker unit diaphragm are arranged so that their vibration directions intersect each other.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the speaker apparatus which can suppress the unnecessary vibration of the whole apparatus containing a speaker unit can be provided.

It is a front view which shows the Example of the speaker apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a top view which shows the Example of the said speaker apparatus. It is a rear view which shows the Example of the said speaker apparatus. It is a side view which shows the Example of the said speaker apparatus. It is the BB sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is the sectional view on the AA line in FIG. It is a top view which shows another Example of the speaker apparatus based on this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a speaker device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 are diagrams illustrating the overall shape of the speaker device 100 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 1 is a front view of the speaker device 100. In the speaker device 100, the speaker unit 1 is fixed to an opening formed in the front surface 11 that is a part of the housing 10. The opening of the front surface 11 is formed slightly above the central portion in the height direction of the front surface 11.

  The speaker unit 1 will be described assuming a so-called active speaker. The active speaker includes an amplifier circuit for amplifying an input signal. Note that the speaker unit 1 is not limited to an active speaker, and may be a speaker without a built-in amplifier (a so-called passive speaker).

  A diaphragm constituting a so-called drive system of the speaker unit 1 operates in accordance with an input electric signal.

  The speaker device 100 is often used by being installed on a floor or a desk. Therefore, by deviating the arrangement of the speaker unit 1 above the front surface 11, it is intended that the speaker unit 1 is directed toward the user's ear in use. Note that the arrangement of the speaker unit 1 in the speaker device 100 is not limited to this. The speaker unit 1 may be disposed near the center of the front surface 11 of the housing 10.

  FIG. 2 is a top view of the speaker device 100. As shown in FIG. 2, the housing 10 of the speaker device 100 includes a front surface 11, a back slope 12, a back surface 13, and a side surface 14.

  The left and right side surfaces 14 are continuous from both ends of the front surface 11 in the depth direction (upward in the drawing in FIG. 2). A back slope 12 is continuous from the rear end of each of the side surfaces 14 toward the rear obliquely (the right diagonal direction and the left diagonal direction in FIG. 2). The ends of the back slope 12 are connected by a back surface 13. The external shape of the speaker device 100 having the above surfaces is a deformed hexagon having a shape in which a rectangular rear side corner is cut out to be an inclined surface when viewed from the top. In addition, the speaker apparatus 100 should just be arrange | positioned so that the speaker unit 1 and the passive radiator 2 may satisfy | fill a predetermined relationship so that it may mention later. Therefore, the outer shape is not limited to the above. For example, the shape (the top view shape is a pentagon shape) in which the rear end portions of the back slope 12 are connected to each other and the back surface 13 is removed may be used.

  The back slope 12 has an end connected to the back surface 13 and an end connected to the side surface 14. Comparing the distance from the front surface 11 of the back 13 side end of the back slope 12 and the side 14 side, the back 13 side end is farther than the side 14 side end. That is, the back slope 12 is inclined in the depth direction of the housing 10 from the other end portion on the side surface 14 side toward the end portion on the back surface 13 side. The housing 10 includes two back slopes 12, and a first passive radiator 21 is disposed on one back slope 12. A second passive radiator 22 is disposed on the other back slope 12. As is clear from the above, in the speaker device 100, the first passive radiator 21 and the second passive radiator 22 are inclined with respect to the speaker unit 1 in the depth direction of the housing 10.

  A terminal 3 is disposed on the back surface 13 of the housing 10. Details of the first passive radiator 21, the second passive radiator 22, and the terminal 3 will be described later.

  FIG. 3 is a rear view of the speaker device 100. As shown in FIG. 3, the left and right back slopes 12 are each formed with an opening. A first passive radiator 21 is fixed to the opening of the back slope 12 on the right side (left side in FIG. 3). A second passive radiator 22 is fixed to the opening of the back slope 12 on the left side (right side in FIG. 3). The 1st passive radiator 21 and the 2nd passive radiator 22 are arrange | positioned so that the position of the height direction of the housing | casing 10 may become the same. The first passive radiator 21 and the second passive radiator 22 constitute a passive radiator 2.

  The terminal 3 includes a power supply terminal that supplies power to an amplifier (amplifier) built in the speaker unit 1 and a signal terminal that inputs a signal output from a music player or the like to the speaker unit 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the terminal 3 includes two terminals. For example, one terminal is a power supply terminal to which power supply lines (two HOT / GND) are connected, and the other terminal is a signal terminal to which signal lines (two HOT / GND) are connected.

  In the speaker device 100 according to the present embodiment, the terminal 3 is disposed in the vicinity of the lower end of the back surface 13 of the housing 10, but the position of the terminal 3 is not limited to this. Since the power line and the signal line are connected to the terminal 3, other positions may be used as long as the power line and the signal line do not get in the way during use. In addition, when using a passive speaker for the speaker unit 1, the terminal 3 is comprised only by a signal terminal.

  The diaphragm of the passive radiator 2 illustrated in FIG. 3 is a planar diaphragm. The outer shape of the diaphragm of the passive radiator 2 is elliptical. However, the shape of the diaphragm of the passive radiator 2 is not limited to this.

  Since the diaphragm of the first passive radiator 21 and the diaphragm of the second passive radiator 22 are along the direction of the back slope 12, they face the outside of the housing 10. The central axis of the diaphragm of the first passive radiator 21 and the central axis of the diaphragm of the second passive radiator 22 are on a common (same) plane. Moreover, the diaphragm of the first passive radiator 21 and the diaphragm of the second passive radiator 22 do not face each other.

  FIG. 4 is a side view of the speaker device 100. FIG. 4A is a left side view of the speaker device 100. FIG. 4B is a right side view of the speaker device 100. As shown in FIG. 4, the front surface 11 is inclined backward with respect to the bottom surface (not shown). The back surface 13 is parallel to the front surface 11. That is, the back surface 13 is also inclined backward with respect to the bottom surface. That is, the shape of the speaker device 100 in a side view is a trapezoidal shape, and the height decreases from the front surface 11 to the back surface 13.

  The first passive radiator 21 and the second passive radiator 22 are fixed so that the central axis comes slightly above the center of the back slope 12 in the height direction.

  The center line of the speaker unit 1 and the center lines of the first passive radiator 21 and the second passive radiator 22 are on the same plane. When the speaker device 100 is installed on a horizontal plane, the plane including the center line of the speaker unit 1 and the center lines of the first passive radiator 21 and the second passive radiator 22 is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane.

  Next, the arrangement relationship between the speaker unit 1 and the passive radiator 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the second passive radiator 22 is disposed on a horizontal plane including an axis orthogonal to the front surface 11 and passing through the center of the speaker unit 1 (center axis of the speaker unit 1). It is arranged so that the central axis of is located. In other words, the center of the second passive radiator 22 is on the surface including the central axis of the speaker unit 1.

  Here, the “center axis” refers to an axis passing through the center of gravity of each of the diaphragm of the speaker unit 1 and the diaphragm of the passive radiator 2. Alternatively, the “center axis” refers to an axis passing through the center of gravity of each of the drive unit (diaphragm, voice coil, damper, edge, etc.) of the speaker unit 1 and the drive unit (diaphragm, edge, etc.) of the passive radiator 2. .

  The first passive radiator 21 (not shown in FIG. 5) is arranged so that the position in the height direction is the same as that of the second passive radiator 22. Therefore, it arrange | positions so that the central axis of the 1st passive radiator 21 may be located on the surface of the left-right direction containing the central axis of the speaker unit 1. FIG. In other words, the center of the second passive radiator 22 is on the surface including the central axis of the speaker unit 1.

  That is, the speaker unit 1 and the passive radiator 2 are arranged so that the central axis of the speaker unit 1, the central axis of the first passive radiator 21, and the central axis of the second passive radiator 22 exist on the same plane. Has been.

  6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, in the speaker device 100, the frame of the speaker unit 1 is fixed to the back side of the baffle plate constituting the front surface 11. The frame of the first passive radiator 21 is fixed to the back side of one back slope 12, and the frame of the second passive radiator 22 is fixed to the back side of the other back slope 12.

  The back slope 12 is not parallel to the front surface 11 but inclined in the depth direction. Therefore, when the depth direction is viewed from the speaker unit 1 side, the first passive radiator 21 and the second passive radiator 22 are inclined with respect to the speaker unit 1 in the depth direction. In addition, the inclination directions of the first passive radiator 21 and the second passive radiator 22 are the outer oblique directions of the housing 10.

  The diaphragm of the speaker unit 1 is driven to vibrate according to the driving force generated by the input electric signal. The direction in which the diaphragm of the speaker unit 1 is driven is the front-rear direction of the speaker device 100 (the left-right direction in FIG. 6). As shown in FIG. 6, the vibration direction of the diaphragm included in the speaker unit 1 is defined as the X direction. A direction perpendicular to the X direction and parallel to the horizontal plane is defined as a Y direction.

  The energy generated by the operation of the speaker unit 1 is Pa. That is, the direction in which the energy Pa is directed is the X direction corresponding to the front-rear direction of the housing 10 (the left-right direction on the paper).

  The diaphragms of the first passive radiator 21 and the second passive radiator 22 vibrate under the influence of Pa. The vibration directions of the diaphragms of the first passive radiator 21 and the second passive radiator 22 are diagonally outward when viewed from the speaker unit 1. In other words, the vibration plate vibrates in a direction existing on a plane including the X direction and the Y direction, and the vibration direction is a direction intersecting the X direction.

  The energy for vibrating the diaphragm of the first passive radiator 21 is “Pb1”. Pb1 exists on a plane including the X direction and the Y direction, and vibrates the diaphragm of the first passive radiator 21 in a direction intersecting the X direction (an obliquely outward direction). Further, the energy for vibrating the diaphragm of the second passive radiator 22 is assumed to be “Pb2”. Pb2 exists on a plane (XY plane) including the X direction and the Y direction, and vibrates the diaphragm of the second passive radiator 22 in a direction intersecting the X direction (obliquely outward direction). As shown in FIG. 5, Pa and Pb2 are line symmetric on the XY plane with the central axis of the speaker unit 1.

  Pb1 and Pb2 are combined energies of energy components in two directions, the X direction and the Y direction, respectively. In FIG. 6, one of the energy components included in the energy components indicated by Pb <b> 1 and Pb <b> 2 is an energy component parallel to the vibration direction of the diaphragm of the speaker unit 1. In other words, one of the energy components indicated by Pb1 and Pb1 is an energy component in the front-rear direction (left-right direction in FIG. 6) as viewed from the speaker unit 1, that is, an energy component in the X direction. The direction of this energy component is parallel to the central axis of the speaker unit 1.

  Another energy component included in the energy components indicated by Pb1a and Pb2 is an energy component in a direction orthogonal to the vibration direction of the diaphragm of the speaker unit 1. In other words, another energy component included in Pb1 and Pb2 is an energy component in the left-right direction (up and down direction in FIG. 6) as viewed from the speaker unit 1, that is, an energy component in the Y direction. The direction of this energy component is a direction that intersects the central axis of the speaker unit 1.

  In FIG. 6, “Pa”, “Pb1”, and “Pb2” are each represented by an arrow line. As shown in FIG. 6, the angle at which the central axis of the speaker unit 1 and Pb1 intersect is defined as “θ1”. Further, an angle at which the central axis of the speaker unit 1 and Pb2 intersect is defined as “θ2”.

  θ1 is an angle formed by the first center line and the center axis on a plane including the center line (first center line) in the vibration direction of the diaphragm of the first passive radiator 21 and the center axis of the speaker unit 1. .

  θ2 is an angle formed by the second center line and the center axis on a plane including the center line (second center line) in the vibration direction of the diaphragm of the second passive radiator 22 and the center axis of the speaker unit 1. .

  Of the energy components included in Pb1 and Pb2, the energy component heading in the front-rear direction when viewed from the speaker unit 1 is an energy component in a direction facing (opposite) with Pa of the diaphragm of the speaker unit 1. When unnecessary vibration occurs in the speaker unit 1 due to a part of this energy component, Pa which is the energy is suppressed. Thus, the speaker device 100 can suppress unnecessary vibrations of the speaker device 100 by the energy components of the first passive radiator 21 and the second passive radiator 22.

  In addition, among the energy contained in Pb1 and Pb2, energy components orthogonal to the central axis of the speaker unit 1 are in opposite directions. Therefore, unnecessary vibrations generated by the diaphragms of the first passive radiator 21 and the second passive radiator 22 are canceled out and suppressed by these energy components.

  In order to exert the above effect, the speaker unit 1 and the passive radiator 2 may be arranged in the speaker device 100 so as to satisfy the following conditional expression.

(Conditional expression)
Pa = Pb1 · cos (θ1) + Pb2 · cos (θ2)
Pb1 · sin (θ1) = Pb2 · sin (θ2)

  By satisfy | filling said conditional expression, the speaker apparatus 100 can suppress the unnecessary vibration of each diaphragm of the passive radiator 2 by the mutual effect | action of the diaphragm of the passive radiator 2. FIG. In other words, the speaker device 100 is configured such that the center axis of the first passive radiator 21 and the center axis of the second passive radiator 22 are coaxial, and the diaphragms of the passive radiator 2 are arranged without the diaphragms facing each other. Unnecessary vibration can be suppressed.

  Moreover, the unnecessary vibration of the speaker unit 1 can also be suppressed by the first passive radiator 21 and the second passive radiator 22. That is, the speaker device 100 can suppress unnecessary vibration of the entire speaker device 100 by the action of the first passive radiator 21 and the second passive radiator 22.

  In the speaker device 100, the back slope 12 may be connected to the top plate and the bottom plate, and the passive radiator 2 may be arranged in the vertical and outward direction when viewed from the speaker unit 1.

  Further, the speaker device 100 is not limited to two passive radiators 2. The speaker device 100 may include three, four, etc. passive radiators 2. For example, when the speaker device 100 includes three passive radiators 2, the width dimension of the back surface 13 may be increased and a third passive radiator (not shown) may be disposed on a part of the back surface 13. In this case, the first passive radiator 21 and the second passive radiator 22 may be smaller than those in the above embodiment.

  In order to configure the speaker device 100 using three or more passive radiators 2, a plurality of passive radiators 2 are arranged in a direction different from the front direction of the speaker unit 1, and each angle and weight are optimized. do it. If the passive radiator 2 is composed of three or more, the effective vibration area can be increased even if each of the passive radiators 2 is small, and the degree of freedom in design is increased. In this case, even if the diaphragms of the first passive radiator 21 and the second passive radiator 22 are made small, unnecessary vibration due to the speaker unit 1 can be suppressed by the third passive radiator.

  The speaker device 100 described above includes a plurality of passive radiators 2, suppresses unnecessary vibrations generated in the passive radiator 2 while improving reproducibility and sound quality in the low frequency range, and further suppresses unnecessary vibrations as a whole. To do. In order to obtain this effect, there is no need to increase the weight of the housing 10, increase the strength, or devise the structure of the housing 10, so that the design of the housing 10 has a degree of freedom.

  In addition, the speaker device 100 has a structure in which standing waves are unlikely to occur because the surfaces of the housing 10 on which the respective diaphragms are arranged are not in a parallel relationship with each other. That is, the speaker device 100 is not adversely affected by the occurrence of the standing wave, and the sound reproducibility in the speaker unit 1 can be improved.

  Next, another embodiment of the speaker device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The same reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those in the embodiment already described, and detailed description is omitted. FIG. 7 is a top view of the audio speaker 101 according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the audio speaker 101 includes an additional wall surface 15 behind the back slope 12 constituting the housing 10. The additional wall surface 15 forms a gap of a predetermined size with the back slope 12. This gap communicates with the outside air through a gap on the back surface 13 side.

  The additional wall surface 15 acts as an acoustic resistance for the first passive radiator 21 and the second passive radiator 22 arranged on the back slope 12. Sound waves generated by driving the diaphragms of the first passive radiator 21 and the second passive radiator 22 pass between the additional wall surface 15 and the back slope 12 and are output from the gap between the back slope 12 and the back face 13. . By providing this additional wall surface 15, it is possible to suppress the excessive amplitude of the passive radiator 2, and to prevent the so-called idling state. Thereby, the sound quality in the low frequency range can be further improved.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Speaker unit 2 Passive radiator 10 Housing | casing 21 1st passive radiator 22 2nd passive radiator 100 Speaker apparatus

Claims (6)

A speaker device comprising at least one speaker unit and at least two passive radiators in a housing,
The speaker unit and the passive radiator are:
Arranged so that the vibration direction of the diaphragm provided in each of the passive radiators intersects the vibration direction of the diaphragm of the speaker unit,
A speaker device characterized by that. The passive radiator diaphragm is vibrated by an energy component in a direction intersecting with an energy component in a direction parallel to a vibration direction of the diaphragm of the speaker unit.
The speaker device according to claim 1. The vibration direction of the diaphragm of the passive radiator intersects with the vibration direction of the diaphragm of the speaker unit at a predetermined angle,
The passive radiator has a diaphragm facing outward from the housing.
The speaker device according to claim 1 or 2. The energy of the speaker unit and the energy of the passive radiator satisfy the following conditional expression:
The speaker device according to claim 1.
(Conditional expression)
Pa = Pb1 · cos (θ1) + Pb2 · cos (θ2)
Pb1 · sin (θ1) = Pb2 · sin (θ2)
However,
Pa is the energy of the diaphragm of the speaker unit,
Pb1 is the energy that vibrates the diaphragm of one of the two passive radiators, and the energy component in the direction intersecting with the energy component in the direction parallel to the vibration direction of the diaphragm of the speaker unit. Synthesized energy,
Pb2 is the energy that vibrates the diaphragm of the other passive radiator of the two passive radiators, and the energy component in the direction that intersects the energy component in the direction parallel to the vibration direction of the diaphragm of the speaker unit. Synthesized energy,
θ1 is an angle formed by the center line of the vibration direction of the diaphragm of the passive radiator and the center line of the vibration direction of the diaphragm of the speaker unit,
θ2 is an angle formed by the center line of the vibration direction of the diaphragm of the other passive radiator and the center line of the vibration direction of the diaphragm of the speaker unit,
It is. The housing has a plurality of wall surfaces,
Each of the speaker unit and the passive radiator is disposed on different wall surfaces among the wall surfaces.
The speaker device according to claim 1. The center line of the speaker unit and the center line of the passive radiator are on the same plane, and the plane is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane when the casing is installed on a horizontal plane.
The speaker device according to claim 1.

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