JP2015197179A - seal material and seal mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seal material and a seal mechanism, equipped with low sliding torque and a high seal property and having excellent durability.SOLUTION: A seal material 10 seals an area between a hole portion 35 of a structure body 30 and a shaft 34 inserted in the hole portion 35, has a ring-shaped form in which an inner peripheral surface A slides with a shaft 34 when the shaft 34 is relatively moved to the structure body 30, and is composed from an elastic material equipped with a sliding layer 13 integrated with fibers and an elastomer at least on the inner peripheral surface A side. In an installing state to the structure body 30, an outer surface 11 is configured by an inclined surface-shape in which the inner peripheral surface A side is positioned on the outer side of the structure body 30 than an outer peripheral surface B side.

Description

  The present invention relates to a sealing material and a sealing mechanism for sealing between a hole of a structure and a shaft inserted into the hole.

  As a sealing material that seals a rotating shaft of a device that handles powder such as toner and prevents leakage of the powder, Patent Document 1 discloses that a pile or a fiber sheet is formed in a cylindrical shape, and its outer peripheral side is restrained by a metal support member. A cylindrical sealing member is disclosed. Since this cylindrical sealing member presses the periphery of the shaft with an appropriate compressive force with piles or fibers, it is possible to balance the sliding torque and the sealing performance.

JP 2008-26728 A

  However, the piles and fibers constituting the cylindrical sealing member have low durability, and further, if powder enters between the piles and fibers, the sealing performance deteriorates. It was.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a sealing material and a sealing mechanism that have both a low sliding torque and a high sealing property and are excellent in durability.

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have completed the present invention. That is, the present invention has the following configuration.
(1) A sealing material for sealing between a hole of a structure and a shaft inserted into the hole, and an inner peripheral surface slides on the shaft when the shaft moves relative to the structure. The outer surface in the state of being attached to the structure, and is formed of an elastic material having a sliding layer in which fibers and an elastomer are integrated at least on the inner peripheral surface side. A sealing material, characterized in that it is formed in a slanted shape so that the inner peripheral surface side is located on the outer side of the structure than the outer peripheral surface side.
(2) The sealing material according to (1), wherein the elastic material includes the sliding layer and an elastic skin layer provided on an outer peripheral surface of the sliding layer.
(3) The sealing material according to (1) or (2), wherein the sliding layer is made of an elastomer in which short fibers are dispersed.
(4) The seal material according to any one of (1) to (3) is attached to a shaft insertion port in a hole of a structure or a seal material storage recess formed outside the shaft insertion port. Sealing mechanism.
The relative movement of the shaft with respect to the structure in the present invention includes a case where the shaft rotates around the central axis or moves along the axial direction of the shaft (such as reciprocation), and further includes a hole. It also includes a case where a structure (device or the like) having rotation rotates relative to the shaft or moves along the axial direction of the shaft.

  The sealing material of the present invention is composed of an elastic material provided with at least an inner peripheral surface side of a sliding layer in which fibers and an elastomer are integrated, and the outer surface in an attached state to the structure is an inner surface of the sealing material. Since the peripheral surface side is formed in a slanted shape so as to be located on the outer side of the structure with respect to the outer peripheral surface side, it has low sliding torque and high sealing performance and is excellent in durability. Further, the relative movement with respect to the shaft structure in the axial direction of the shaft can move dust or the like attached to the outer peripheral surface of the shaft shaft to the outer surface, and can efficiently reduce dust from the outer peripheral surface of the shaft shaft.

It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the sealing mechanism which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the sealing mechanism which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the seal mechanism which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[One Embodiment of the Present Invention]
FIG. 1 shows a sealing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention. The sealing material 10 used in the sealing mechanism of the present embodiment seals between the hole 35 of the structure 30 and the shaft 34 inserted into the hole 35 so that dust or the like does not enter. belongs to. More specifically, the sealing material 10 has a ring shape in which the inner peripheral surface A slides with the shaft 34 when the shaft 34 moves relative to the structure 30, and a sliding layer in which fibers and elastomer are integrated. 13 is provided on the inner peripheral surface A side, and the elastic outer layer 14 is provided on the outer peripheral surface B side. And in the attachment state to the structure 30, the outer surface 11 of the sealing material 10 is comprised by the inclined surface shape inclined so that the inner peripheral surface A side may be located in the outer side of the outer periphery B rather than the outer peripheral surface B side, and the inner surface 12 is the same. It is composed of the slope shape.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the sealing material 10 is fitted into a sealing material accommodation recess 32 formed in the shaft insertion port 31 of the structure 30, and the sealing material 33 comes into contact with a part of the outer surface 11. 10 is held. The outer surface 11 inclined in the shape of a slope projects on the inner peripheral surface A side to the outside of the structure 30 more than the outer peripheral surface B side, and seals around the shaft 34. The sealing material accommodation recess 32 communicates with the hole 35 and has an inner diameter larger than the diameter of the hole 35.

  It is important that the outer surface 11 is inclined in a slope shape as described above when the sealing material 10 is mounted in the sealing material accommodation recess 32. As a result, the relative movement of the shaft 34 with respect to the structure 30 can move dust, dirt, or the like adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 34 along the outer surface 11 of the sealing material 10. It is possible to prevent dust and dirt from staying and accumulating at the sliding portion.

  The inclination angle of the outer surface 11 may be appropriately adjusted according to the use application of the sealing material 10, and is usually 5 to 45 °, preferably 10 to 35 ° with respect to the axial direction of the shaft 34. Also, the inner surface 12 should have the same inclination angle as the outer surface 11.

  Although the thickness of the sealing material 10, ie, the thickness parallel to the axial direction of the shaft 34, is not specifically limited, Usually, it is good that it is about 1-10 mm. Moreover, the outer surface 11 and the inner surface 12 of the sealing material 10 may be, for example, a substantially hemispherical shape or an inverted semicircular shape other than the truncated cone shape shown in FIG.

The diameter of the inner peripheral surface A (through hole) of the sealing material 10 is smaller than the outer diameter of the shaft 34, and when the shaft 34 is fitted into the through hole of the sealing material 10, an appropriate sliding torque can be obtained. It is sufficient if it has a diameter, and is appropriately adjusted according to the use application of the sealing material 34. Accordingly, when the shaft 34 is fitted into the through hole of the sealing material 10, the diameter of the inner peripheral surface A of the sealing material 10 is pushed open, and a compressive stress is generated. Since the pressing force applied to the shaft 34 is mainly caused by this compressive stress, the shaft periphery can be stably sealed for a long period of time with a pressing force that balances the sliding torque and the sealing performance.
The shape of the inner peripheral surface of the sealing material 10 is appropriately adjusted according to the shape of the shaft 34 so that the generation of a gap between the inner peripheral surface A and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 34 during operation of the shaft 34 can be suppressed. Is done.

  The sliding layer 13 on the inner peripheral surface A side of the sealing material 10 is an integrated fiber and elastomer. Thereby, it can be set as the sealing material with low sliding resistance of the shaft 34 which contacts a through-hole, and excellent in durability with respect to sliding friction.

  The thickness of the sliding layer 13 is not particularly limited, and may be adjusted as appropriate according to the intended use of the sealing material 10. The thickness of the sliding layer 13 refers to the thickness of the shaft 34 in the radial direction.

  The elastomer constituting the sliding layer 13 mainly improves the durability of the fiber. Examples of the material of the elastomer constituting the sliding layer 13 include, for example, natural rubber, nitrile rubber, chloroprene rubber, hyperon, polybutadiene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber (EPM), ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer ( EPDM), hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (H-NBR), silicone rubber, fluorine rubber, acrylic rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, chlorinated polyethylene rubber, millable urethane, thermosetting polyurethane, thermoplastic polyurethane or thermoplastic polyester One or more of these are used. The elastomer constituting the sliding layer 13 may be blended with a vulcanizing agent, a vulcanization acceleration aid and a reinforcing agent. Examples of the vulcanizing agent include organic peroxides such as dicumyl peroxide, organic sulfur compounds, and metal oxides. Examples of the vulcanization acceleration aid include fatty acids such as stearic acid, metal oxides, and the like. Examples of the reinforcing agent include carbon black and white carbon. Furthermore, for example, anti-aging agents, fillers, plasticizers, pressure-sensitive adhesives and the like can also be incorporated. In addition to these, in order to reduce sliding resistance, a solid lubricant such as graphite, silicon oil, fluorine powder, or molybdenum disulfide may be included in the elastomer.

The fibers constituting the sliding layer 13 mainly slide in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 34 and become a main factor for reducing the sliding resistance around the shaft 34.
Examples of the material of the fiber constituting the sliding layer 13 include nylon fiber, aramid fiber, polyester fiber, carbon fiber, Teflon (registered trademark) fiber, liquid crystal polymer fiber, glass fiber, and cotton yarn. The fibers constituting the sliding layer 13 may be in the form of a cloth material or may be mixed with the elastomer in the form of short fibers.
Examples of the cloth material include woven cloth, knitted cloth, and non-woven cloth. Although the fabric weight of a fabric material is 20-200 g / m < ² > normally, it is not specifically limited.

  When the form of the fiber is a cloth material, the cloth material and the elastomer are integrated so that the cloth material slides in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 34. On the other hand, when the form of the short fiber is used, the short material is short in the elastomer. The sliding layer 13 is obtained by mixing the fibers and integrally forming them.

  The elastic skin layer 14 stabilizes the shape of the sliding layer 13 following the relative movement even if the shaft 34 moves relative to the structure 30. Thereby, sealing performance can be improved. Since the elastic skin layer 14 stabilizes the shape of the sliding layer 13 for a long period of time, a configuration in which elastic force such as foam is easily changed is not suitable.

Examples of the elastomer constituting the elastic skin layer 14 include natural rubber, nitrile rubber, chloroprene rubber, hyperon, polybutadiene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber (EPM), ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM), hydrogen. And elastomers such as additive acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (H-NBR), silicon rubber, fluorine rubber, acrylic rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, chlorinated polyethylene rubber, millable urethane, thermosetting polyurethane, thermoplastic polyurethane or thermoplastic polyester, One or more of these are used.
The elastomer constituting the elastic skin layer 14 may be blended with short fibers, a vulcanizing agent, a vulcanization acceleration aid, and a reinforcing agent. Examples of the short fibers include the same types of short fibers as the fibers constituting the elastic skin layer 14. Examples of the vulcanizing agent include organic peroxides such as dicumyl peroxide, organic sulfur compounds, and metal oxides. Examples of the vulcanization acceleration aid include fatty acids such as stearic acid, metal oxides, and the like. Examples of the reinforcing agent include carbon black and white carbon. Furthermore, for example, anti-aging agents, fillers, plasticizers, pressure-sensitive adhesives and the like can also be blended.

  The sealing material 10 of this embodiment is a laminated body of the sliding layer 13 and the elastic outer skin layer 14, but the sealing material of the present invention is not limited to this, and a single material obtained by integrally molding short fibers and an elastomer. A single-layer molded body may be used. As the elastomer for integrally forming with the short fiber, the same elastomer as that constituting the elastic outer skin layer 14 can be used.

[Usage form]
The sealing material 10 is installed and used as follows, for example. First, the shaft 34 is inserted into the through hole of the seal holding member 33, and then inserted into the through hole of the seal member 10, and then the shaft 34 is inserted into the hole 35 of the structure 30 and the seal member 10 is sealed. Press fit into the material housing recess 32. Next, the seal holding member 33 is fixed to the structure 30, and the outer peripheral surface B of the sealing member 10 is sealed in the sealing member receiving recess 32.
In addition, the sealing material 10 is previously press-fitted into the sealing material receiving recess 32 and the seal holding material 33 is fixed to the structure 30, and then the shaft 34 is inserted into the hole 35 of the structure 30 through the through hole of the sealing material 10. It may be inserted.

The shaft 34 may have a circular, square, or polygonal cross section, and the outer peripheral surface may be a smooth surface or may be formed with a spiral protrusion or groove. .
Further, after applying an adhesive to the outer peripheral surface B of the sealing material 10, it may be press-fitted into the sealing material accommodation recess 32. The seal holding member 33 is not particularly limited as long as it can confine the outer peripheral surface B of the sealing member 10 in the sealing member receiving recess 32 and can be fixed to the structure 30.

〔Production method〕
The manufacturing method of the sealing material 10 is not particularly limited. For example, a cloth material impregnated with an elastomer is wound around a rod-like material having the same shape as the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 34, and an elastic skin layer is formed on the outer surface thereof. The elastomer is wound, and this is accommodated between upper and lower molds that can be molded into a desired shape of the sealing material 10, heated under pressure, then removed from the mold and cut to a predetermined thickness to seal material 10 Can be obtained. Alternatively, a rod-like material having the same shape as the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 34 is wound with a cloth material impregnated with an elastomer, and is housed between molds, and a fluid elastic outer layer forming elastomer is placed in the mold. For example, a mold forming method of pouring out, cooling to room temperature or heating and curing and taking out from the mold may be used.

  For the impregnation treatment of the cloth material with the elastomer, a method of impregnating the cloth material after dissolving the elastomer with a solvent or the like to form a liquid is preferably used. By impregnating the cloth material with the elastomer, the elastomer can enter between the fiber materials constituting the cloth material, and the fiber materials constituting the cloth material can be bonded together to reinforce the cloth material. In addition, by adopting a cloth material impregnated with elastomer as the sliding layer, not only is the wear due to rubbing between the fiber materials constituting the cloth material reduced, but also the wear resistance between the sliding layer and the shaft. Can be improved.

[Other Embodiments]
FIG. 2 shows a sealing mechanism according to another embodiment of the present invention. The sealing material 40 used in this embodiment is inclined so that the outer surface 111 is located on the outer side of the structural body 30 on the inner peripheral surface A side than the outer peripheral surface B side, like the outer surface 11 in the previous embodiment. Although it is configured as an inclined surface, it differs from the above-described embodiment in that the inner surface 121 is a vertical surface that is substantially orthogonal to the axial direction of the shaft 34. Furthermore, the diameter of the outer peripheral surface B is such that when the sealing material 40 is press-fitted into the sealing material accommodating recess 32, the shaft periphery is stably sealed for a long period of time with a pressing force that balances the sliding torque and the sealing performance. Is adjusted as appropriate according to the diameter of the inner peripheral surface A and the like. Others are the same as the sealing mechanism according to the above-described embodiment, and therefore, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  Even such a sealing material 40 is excellent in durability and sealing performance, and can be set to an appropriate sliding torque.

[Still another embodiment]
FIG. 3 shows a sealing mechanism according to still another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a seal material 10 similar to that shown in FIG. 1 is attached in a seal material accommodation recess 52 provided in a seal holding material 51 located outside the structure 50. Others are the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. In this case, the sealing material 10 may be bonded to the sealing material housing recess 52 with an adhesive, and the sealing material 10 and the seal holding material 51 integrated may be attached to the structure 50.

  The sealing material and the sealing mechanism of the present invention include, for example, vehicles such as automobiles, motorbikes, bicycles, amusement vehicles, motorboats, railway vehicles, ships, aircrafts, spacecrafts, various machines, machine tools, robots, vibrations, etc. It can be used as a sealing material applied as a shaft seal of a shaft such as a rotating shaft used in production equipment, semiconductor manufacturing equipment, chip mounters, and other industrial machines that do not like.

10, 40 Seal material 11, 111 Outer surface 12, 121 Inner surface 13 Sliding layer 14 Elastic skin layer 30, 50 Structure 31 Shaft insertion port 32, 52 Seal material accommodating recess 33, 51 Seal holding material 34 Shaft 35 Hole

Claims (4)

A sealing material for sealing between a hole of a structure and a shaft inserted into the hole,
An elastic material having a ring shape in which an inner peripheral surface slides with the shaft during relative movement of the shaft with respect to the structure, and having a sliding layer in which fibers and an elastomer are integrated at least on the inner peripheral surface side And the outer surface in the state of being attached to the structure is configured as a sloped surface inclined such that the inner peripheral surface side is located on the outer side of the structure relative to the outer peripheral surface side. Seal material.   The sealing material according to claim 1, wherein the elastic material includes the sliding layer and an elastic skin layer provided on an outer peripheral surface of the sliding layer.   The sealing material according to claim 1, wherein the sliding layer is made of an elastomer in which short fibers are dispersed.   A seal mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the seal material is attached to a shaft insertion opening in a hole of the structure or a seal material housing recess formed outside thereof.