JP2015196190A - Method for cutting metallic porous body, and the metallic porous body - Google Patents
Method for cutting metallic porous body, and the metallic porous body Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 115
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 115
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 nickel metal hydride Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
本発明は、三次元網目状構造を有する金属多孔体の切断方法及び前記切断方法により切断加工して得られる金属多孔体に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for cutting a porous metal body having a three-dimensional network structure and a porous metal body obtained by cutting using the cutting method.
三次元網目状構造を有する金属多孔体は、各種フィルタ、触媒担体、電池用電極など多方面に用いられている。例えば三次元網目状構造を有するニッケル多孔体（以下「ニッケル多孔体」という）からなるセルメット（住友電気工業（株）製：登録商標）は、ニッケル水素電池やニッケルカドミウム電池等の電池の電極材料として使用されている。セルメットは連通気孔を有する金属多孔体であり、金属不織布など他の多孔体に比べて気孔率が高い（９０％以上）という特徴がある。 Metal porous bodies having a three-dimensional network structure are used in various fields such as various filters, catalyst carriers, and battery electrodes. For example, Celmet (manufactured by Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd .: registered trademark) made of a porous nickel body having a three-dimensional network structure (hereinafter referred to as “nickel porous body”) is an electrode material for batteries such as nickel metal hydride batteries and nickel cadmium batteries. It is used as Celmet is a metal porous body having continuous air holes, and has a feature of high porosity (90% or more) compared to other porous bodies such as a metal nonwoven fabric.
このようなニッケル多孔体は、発泡ウレタン等の連通気孔を有する樹脂成形体の骨格表面にニッケル層を形成した後、熱処理して発泡樹脂成形体を分解し、さらにニッケルを還元処理することで得られる。ニッケル層の形成は、発泡樹脂成形体の骨格表面にカーボン粉末等を塗布して導電化処理した後、電気めっきによってニッケルを析出させることで行われる。 Such a nickel porous body can be obtained by forming a nickel layer on the surface of a resin molded body having continuous ventilation holes such as foamed urethane, then heat-treating it to decompose the foamed resin molded body, and further reducing the nickel. It is done. The formation of the nickel layer is performed by depositing nickel by electroplating after applying carbon powder or the like to the surface of the skeleton of the foamed resin molded body and conducting a conductive treatment.
また、ニッケルと同様にアルミニウムも導電性、耐腐食性、軽量などの優れた特徴があり、電池用途では例えば、リチウムイオン電池の正極として、アルミニウム箔の表面にコバルト酸リチウム等の活物質を塗布したものが使用されている。
このアルミニウムを用いた正極の容量を向上するためには、アルミニウムの表面積を大きくした三次元網目状構造を有するアルミニウム多孔体（以下「アルミニウム多孔体」という）を用い、アルミニウム多孔体の気孔部にも活物質を充填することが考えられる。アルミニウム多孔体を用いることで、電極を厚くしても活物質を保持でき、単位面積当たりの活物質利用率が向上するからである。
In addition to nickel, aluminum also has excellent characteristics such as conductivity, corrosion resistance, and light weight. In battery applications, for example, a positive electrode of a lithium ion battery is coated with an active material such as lithium cobalt oxide on the surface of an aluminum foil. Is used.
In order to improve the capacity of the positive electrode using aluminum, an aluminum porous body having a three-dimensional network structure with a large aluminum surface area (hereinafter referred to as “aluminum porous body”) is used. It is also conceivable to fill the active material. This is because by using the porous aluminum body, the active material can be retained even when the electrode is thickened, and the active material utilization rate per unit area is improved.
前記アルミニウム多孔体の製造方法としては、三次元網目状構造を有する発泡樹脂成形体にアルミニウムめっきを施す方法があり、特開２０１１−２２５９５０号公報（特許文献１）には、このめっき法によって得られるアルミニウム多孔体を電極として用いるキャパシタについての発明が記載されている。特許文献１に記載の方法によれば、三次元網目構造を有する多孔質樹脂成形体に対して純度の高いアルミニウムを均一にめっきすることが可能であり、高品質のアルミニウム多孔体を製造することができる。 As a method for producing the aluminum porous body, there is a method in which a foamed resin molding having a three-dimensional network structure is subjected to aluminum plating. The invention about the capacitor which uses the aluminum porous body made as an electrode is described. According to the method described in Patent Document 1, it is possible to uniformly plate high-purity aluminum on a porous resin molded body having a three-dimensional network structure, and to produce a high-quality aluminum porous body Can do.
前記三次元網目状構造を有する金属多孔体（以下、「金属多孔体」とも記す）は、電池やキャパシタのような電気化学デバイスの電極に用いる他にも、様々な分野への応用が期待されている。
例えば、本発明者等は、熱交換器の伝熱フィンにアルミニウム多孔体を用いることを検討した。金属多孔体を熱交換器の伝熱フィンとして用いる場合には、金属多孔体を冷媒管の形状に合わせて切断加工し、その金属多孔体（伝熱フィン）の切断面と冷媒管とをロウ付け等によって接合する必要がある。しかしながら、金属多孔体の切断面と冷媒管とを接合した場合に、金属多孔体（伝熱フィン）と冷媒管との熱伝導性が悪くなってしまうことが確認された。
The metal porous body having the three-dimensional network structure (hereinafter also referred to as “metal porous body”) is expected to be applied to various fields in addition to being used for electrodes of electrochemical devices such as batteries and capacitors. ing.
For example, the present inventors examined using an aluminum porous body for the heat transfer fin of the heat exchanger. When using a metal porous body as a heat transfer fin of a heat exchanger, the metal porous body is cut in accordance with the shape of the refrigerant tube, and the cut surface of the metal porous body (heat transfer fin) and the refrigerant tube are brazed. It is necessary to join by attaching. However, it has been confirmed that when the cut surface of the porous metal body and the refrigerant tube are joined, the thermal conductivity between the porous metal body (heat transfer fin) and the refrigerant tube is deteriorated.
上記の問題点について本発明者等が鋭意検討を重ねた結果、金属多孔体の切断方法に問題があることが見出された。すなわち、三次元網目状構造を有する金属多孔体は一本一本の骨格が非常に細いことから、従来は、所望のサイズへの加工はハサミ、カッターや回転刃などを用いて行われていた。しかしながら、金属多孔体をハサミ、カッターや回転刃などによって機械的に切断した場合には金属多孔体に機械応力がかかるため切断面において骨格の端部に折れが発生しており、それぞれの骨格の端部の位置が同一面上に揃っていないことが見出された。 As a result of extensive studies by the present inventors on the above problems, it has been found that there is a problem in the method for cutting a metal porous body. In other words, since each metal porous body having a three-dimensional network structure has very thin skeletons, processing to a desired size has conventionally been performed using scissors, a cutter, a rotary blade, and the like. . However, when the metal porous body is mechanically cut with scissors, a cutter, a rotary blade, etc., mechanical stress is applied to the metal porous body, so that the end of the skeleton is broken at the cut surface. It was found that the end positions were not aligned on the same plane.
上記のように、金属多孔体の切断面において骨格の端部の位置が同一面上に揃っていない、すなわち、切断面の凹凸が激しいと、伝熱フィンである金属多孔体を冷媒管に溶接する際の接触点が少なくなってしまい、金属多孔体と冷媒管との熱伝導性が悪くなってしまっていた。
そこで本発明者等は、切断面において金属多孔体の骨格の折れを発生させない切断方法として、レーザー照射による切断方法を検討した。三次元網目状構造を有する金属多孔体ではなく、一般的な金属板については、従来においてもレーザー照射による切断加工が行われている（例えば、特表平１１−５１３９３５号公報、特開平０７−１００６８２号公報など）。
しかしながら前記文献に記載の切断方法により三次元網目状構造を有する金属多孔体を切断したところ、熱影響が大き過ぎて寸法精度が悪くなったり、酸化により変色や脆くなる等の不具合が発生したりしてしまうことが見出された。
As described above, the position of the end of the skeleton is not aligned on the same plane in the cut surface of the porous metal body, that is, if the cut surface is uneven, the metal porous body, which is a heat transfer fin, is welded to the refrigerant tube. In this case, the number of contact points is reduced, and the thermal conductivity between the porous metal body and the refrigerant pipe is deteriorated.
Therefore, the present inventors examined a cutting method by laser irradiation as a cutting method that does not cause the skeleton of the metal porous body to be broken at the cut surface. A general metal plate, not a porous metal body having a three-dimensional network structure, has been conventionally cut by laser irradiation (for example, JP-A-11-513935, JP-A-07- No. 100652).
However, when the metal porous body having a three-dimensional network structure is cut by the cutting method described in the above-mentioned document, the thermal effect is too great and the dimensional accuracy is deteriorated, or problems such as discoloration and brittleness due to oxidation may occur. It has been found that.
そこで本発明は、上記問題点に鑑みて、三次元網目状構造を有する金属多孔体を切断する方法であって、切断面における金属多孔体の骨格の折れの発生が少なく、かつ、高寸法精度で金属多孔体を切断する方法を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, in view of the above problems, the present invention is a method for cutting a porous metal body having a three-dimensional network structure, and the occurrence of the skeleton of the porous metal body on the cut surface is small, and high dimensional accuracy is achieved. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for cutting a porous metal body.
本発明は上記課題を解決すべく以下の構成を採用する。
すなわち、本発明の実施形態に係る金属多孔体の切断方法は、三次元網目状構造を有する金属多孔体にレーザー光を１×１０8Ｗ/ｍ2以上、１×１０12Ｗ/ｍ2以下の照射密度で照射して切断する金属多孔体の切断方法、である。
The present invention adopts the following configuration in order to solve the above problems.
That is, in the metal porous body cutting method according to the embodiment of the present invention, laser light is applied to a metal porous body having a three-dimensional network structure at 1 × 10 8 W / m 2 or more and 1 × 10 12 W / m 2 or less. This is a method for cutting a porous metal body that is cut by irradiation at an irradiation density of.
本発明により、三次元網目状構造を有する金属多孔体を切断する方法であって、切断面における金属多孔体の骨格の折れの発生が少なく、かつ、高寸法精度で金属多孔体を切断する方法を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, a method for cutting a porous metal body having a three-dimensional network structure, the method for cutting the porous metal body with high dimensional accuracy with less occurrence of skeleton of the porous metal body on the cut surface Can be provided.
最初に本発明の実施形態の内容を列記して説明する。
（１）本発明の実施形態に係る金属多孔体の切断方法は、三次元網目状構造を有する金属多孔体にレーザー光を１×１０8Ｗ/ｍ2以上、１×１０12Ｗ/ｍ2以下の照射密度で照射して切断する金属多孔体の切断方法、である。
三次元網目状構造を有する金属多孔体は通常の板状の金属板に比べて部分的な断面積が小さいため、レーザー光が照射された場合に加熱効果が大きくなる。このため、レーザー光の照射密度を１×１０8Ｗ/ｍ2以上、１×１０12Ｗ/ｍ2以下とすることで、高寸法精度での切断加工が可能となる。
First, the contents of the embodiment of the present invention will be listed and described.
(1) In the metal porous body cutting method according to the embodiment of the present invention, a laser beam is applied to a metal porous body having a three-dimensional network structure at 1 × 10 8 W / m 2 or more, and 1 × 10 12 W / m 2. It is the cutting method of the metal porous body cut | disconnected by irradiating with the following irradiation densities.
Since the porous metal body having a three-dimensional network structure has a smaller partial cross-sectional area than a normal plate-shaped metal plate, the heating effect is increased when irradiated with laser light. For this reason, cutting with high dimensional accuracy is possible by setting the irradiation density of the laser light to 1 × 10 8 W / m 2 or more and 1 × 10 12 W / m 2 or less.
（２）本発明の実施形態に係る金属多孔体の切断方法は、前記レーザー光の光源が、ＹＡＧレーザー、ＹＶＯ4レーザー、ファイバーレーザー、ＳＨＧ ＹＡＧレーザー、又はＳＨＧ ＹＶＯ4レーザーであることが好ましい。
レーザー光源としては、例えば、ファイバーレーザー、ＹＡＧレーザー、ＹＶＯ4レーザーの基本波が安価なものとして利用することができる。更に、熱影響層の低減や、より高い寸法精度が要求される切断加工の場合には、ＳＨＧ ＹＡＧレーザーやＳＨＧ ＹＶＯ4レーザーを用いることが好ましい。
(2) In the method for cutting a porous metal body according to the embodiment of the present invention, the light source of the laser light is preferably a YAG laser, a YVO 4 laser, a fiber laser, a SHG YAG laser, or a SHG YVO 4 laser.
As a laser light source, for example, a fundamental wave of a fiber laser, a YAG laser, or a YVO 4 laser can be used as an inexpensive one. Furthermore, in the case of a cutting process that requires a reduction in the heat-affected layer or higher dimensional accuracy, it is preferable to use an SHG YAG laser or an SHG YVO 4 laser.
（３）本発明の実施形態に係る金属多孔体の切断方法は、レーザー切断面にアシストガスを吹き付けて前記金属多孔体を切断することが好ましい。
レーザーの照射エネルギーが高い場合には、熱的影響や金属の酸化による変色が生じ、切断面において金属多孔体の骨格の表面が変色する場合がある。レーザー照射時において窒素ガス等のアシストガスを吹き付けることで、前記熱影響層や酸化による変色を低減させることが可能となる。
(3) In the metal porous body cutting method according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the metal porous body is cut by spraying an assist gas on a laser cut surface.
When the laser irradiation energy is high, discoloration due to thermal influence or metal oxidation occurs, and the surface of the skeleton of the metal porous body may discolor at the cut surface. By spraying an assist gas such as nitrogen gas at the time of laser irradiation, the heat-affected layer and discoloration due to oxidation can be reduced.
（４）本発明の実施形態に係る金属多孔体の切断方法は、前記金属多孔体が、アルミニウム多孔体、ニッケル多孔体、又は銅多孔体であることが好ましい。
熱交換器で代表的に用いられるアルミ多孔体、ニッケル多孔体、銅多孔体の加工には綺麗な切断面が要求される。このため本発明の実施形態に係る金属多孔体の切断方法を行う対象材料としてのこれらの多孔体は有用である。
(4) In the method for cutting a metal porous body according to the embodiment of the present invention, the metal porous body is preferably an aluminum porous body, a nickel porous body, or a copper porous body.
A clean cut surface is required for processing a porous aluminum body, a nickel porous body, and a copper porous body that are typically used in heat exchangers. For this reason, these porous bodies as a target material which performs the cutting method of the metal porous body which concerns on embodiment of this invention are useful.
（５）本発明の実施形態に係る金属多孔体は、上記（１）から上記（４）のいずれか一項に記載の金属多孔体の切断方法で切断した金属多孔体であって、切断面の骨格折れ発生率が５％以下である金属多孔体、である。
本発明の実施形態に係る金属多孔体は、前記本発明の実施形態に係る金属多孔体の切断方法によって切断されたものであり、切断面における骨格の折れが５％以下であるため、骨格の端部が略同一面上に揃ったフラットな切断面を有している。このため、前記金属多孔体を他の部材にロウ付けする場合などにおいて他の部材との接触部分を多くすることができる。
(5) A porous metal body according to an embodiment of the present invention is a porous metal body cut by the method for cutting a porous metal body according to any one of (1) to (4) above, and a cut surface Is a porous metal body having a rate of occurrence of skeletal fracture of 5% or less.
The porous metal body according to the embodiment of the present invention is cut by the cutting method of the porous metal body according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the skeletal fold at the cut surface is 5% or less. It has a flat cut surface with end portions aligned on substantially the same surface. For this reason, when the said metal porous body is brazed to another member, the contact part with another member can be increased.
［本発明の実施形態の詳細］
本発明の実施形態に係る金属多孔体の切断方法等の具体例を以下に説明する。なお、本発明はこれらの例示に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲によって示され、特許請求の範囲と均等の意味及び範囲内での全ての変更が含まれることが意図される。
[Details of the embodiment of the present invention]
Specific examples of the method for cutting a porous metal body according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described below. In addition, this invention is not limited to these illustrations, is shown by the claim, and intends that all the changes within the meaning and range equivalent to the claim are included.
＜金属多孔体の切断方法＞
本発明の実施形態に係る金属多孔体の切断方法は、三次元網目状構造を有する金属多孔体にレーザー光を１×１０8Ｗ/ｍ2以上、１×１０12Ｗ/ｍ2以下の照射密度で照射して切断する方法である。
切断対象となる前記金属多孔体は、特開２０１１−２２５９５０号公報に記載のような三次元網目状構造を有する金属多孔体である。三次元網目状構造を有する金属多孔体は通常の金属板に比べて剛性が小さく、大きな機械的応力がかかると骨格に折れが発生してしまう場合がある。このため、レーザー光を照射することによる切断方法は、フラットな切断面を得るうえで最適な方法である。
<Cutting method of porous metal body>
In the metal porous body cutting method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the metal porous body having a three-dimensional network structure is irradiated with laser light at 1 × 10 8 W / m 2 or more and 1 × 10 12 W / m 2 or less. It is a method of cutting by irradiation at a density.
The porous metal body to be cut is a porous metal body having a three-dimensional network structure as described in JP2011-225950A. A porous metal body having a three-dimensional network structure has a lower rigidity than that of a normal metal plate, and when a large mechanical stress is applied, the skeleton may be broken. For this reason, the cutting method by irradiating a laser beam is an optimal method for obtaining a flat cut surface.
三次元網目状構造を有する金属多孔体は骨格の断面積が小さいため吸収された熱が伝わる範囲が小さい。このため、大きなレーザーパワーで長時間レーザー光を照射すると照射部における熱量が多くなり過ぎてしまい、骨格が熔ける範囲が大きくなって寸法精度が悪くなってしまう。
このため本発明の実施形態に係る金属多孔体の切断方法においては、レーザー光の照射密度を１×１０8Ｗ/ｍ2以上、１×１０12Ｗ/ｍ2以下とする。前記照射密度が１×１０8Ｗ/ｍ2未満であると金属多孔体の骨格を切断するのに充分な熱量を金属多孔体に与えることができず、金属多孔体を切断することができない。一方、前記照射密度が１×１０12Ｗ/ｍ2超であると、金属多孔体の骨格の熔ける範囲が広くなり過ぎ、切断の寸法精度が悪くなってしまう。
前記照射密度は、１×１０9Ｗ/ｍ2以上、１×１０11Ｗ/ｍ2以下であることが好ましく、２×１０9Ｗ/ｍ2以上、１×１０10Ｗ/ｍ2以下であることがより好ましい。
Since the metal porous body having a three-dimensional network structure has a small skeleton cross-sectional area, the range through which absorbed heat is transmitted is small. For this reason, when a laser beam is irradiated for a long time with a large laser power, the amount of heat in the irradiated portion becomes too large, and the range in which the skeleton is melted becomes large, resulting in poor dimensional accuracy.
For this reason, in the metal porous body cutting method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the irradiation density of the laser light is set to 1 × 10 8 W / m 2 or more and 1 × 10 12 W / m 2 or less. When the irradiation density is less than 1 × 10 8 W / m 2 , a sufficient amount of heat cannot be given to the metal porous body to cut the skeleton of the metal porous body, and the metal porous body cannot be cut. On the other hand, if the irradiation density is more than 1 × 10 12 W / m 2 , the melting range of the skeleton of the metal porous body becomes too wide and the dimensional accuracy of the cutting is deteriorated.
The irradiation density is preferably 1 × 10 9 W / m 2 or more and 1 × 10 11 W / m 2 or less, preferably 2 × 10 9 W / m 2 or more and 1 × 10 10 W / m 2 or less. More preferably.
前記レーザー光の波長は、切断対象である金属多孔体の主成分である金属が吸収する波長を適宜選択すればよい。例えば、金属多孔体がアルミニウムを主成分とするアルミニウム多孔体の場合には、１０６４ｎｍの波長に対して約５％の吸収をもつ。このため、１０６４ｎｍの波長のレーザー光をアルミニウム多孔体に照射することでアルミニウムが加熱され、切断を行うことができる（溶断加工）。更に波長の短い５３２ｎｍのレーザー光であれば、より効率よく切断を行うことができる。 The wavelength of the laser beam may be appropriately selected as the wavelength absorbed by the metal that is the main component of the porous metal body to be cut. For example, when the porous metal body is an aluminum porous body containing aluminum as a main component, it has an absorption of about 5% with respect to a wavelength of 1064 nm. For this reason, by irradiating the porous aluminum body with laser light having a wavelength of 1064 nm, the aluminum is heated and can be cut (melting process). Further, if the laser light has a short wavelength of 532 nm, the cutting can be performed more efficiently.
本発明の実施形態に係る金属多孔体の切断方法においては、比較的高エネルギーのレーザー光を短いパルスで照射し、金属多孔体の切断部を高速でスキャンさせることが好ましい。これにより、切断面において金属多孔体の骨格の折れが少なく、高寸法精度での切断が可能となり、フラットな切断面が得られる。例えば、１ｋＷ以上の高エネルギーのレーザー光を１００ｍｓ未満のパルス光として金属多孔体に照射し、切断部を１０ｍｍ/ｓ以上で高速スキャンさせることが好ましい。 In the method for cutting a porous metal body according to an embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable to irradiate a relatively high energy laser beam with a short pulse to scan the cut portion of the porous metal body at high speed. As a result, the skeleton of the metal porous body is less bent at the cut surface, and can be cut with high dimensional accuracy, and a flat cut surface can be obtained. For example, it is preferable to irradiate the metal porous body with a high-energy laser beam of 1 kW or more as pulsed light of less than 100 ms and scan the cut portion at a speed of 10 mm / s or more.
なお、前記レーザー光はパルス光であっても連続光であっても構わないが、熱断面の熱的影響を小さくしてフラットな切断面を得る場合にはパルス光とすることが好ましい。一方、連続光を利用する場合には、切断面における骨格を比較的丸くしてクッション性を持たせることができ、電池の電極用途に用いた場合にはセパレーターを突き破らないようにすることができる。 The laser light may be pulsed light or continuous light. However, it is preferable to use pulsed light when a flat cut surface is obtained by reducing the thermal influence of the thermal cross section. On the other hand, when using continuous light, the skeleton on the cut surface can be made relatively round to give cushioning properties, and when used for battery electrode applications, it should not break through the separator. it can.
また、水平に載置した金属多孔体にレーザー光を垂直に照射すると、作動距離によっては切断面が垂直にならず、水平面に対してやや傾いてしまう。例えば、金属多孔体の厚さが数ミリメートル程度の場合に前記切断面のテーパーを少なくするためには、作動距離を９０ｍｍ以上、３５０ｍｍ以下程度とすることが好ましい。作動距離を９０ｍｍ以上とすることで切断面の傾き具体を小さくすることができ、３５０ｍｍ以下とすることでレーザー密度が不足しないようにすることができる。これらの観点から作動距離は１００ｍｍ以上、３００ｍｍ以下とすることがより好ましく、１００ｍｍ以上、２００ｍｍ以下とすることが更に好ましい。 Moreover, when a laser beam is irradiated perpendicularly on a metal porous body placed horizontally, the cut surface does not become vertical depending on the working distance, and is slightly inclined with respect to the horizontal plane. For example, when the thickness of the metal porous body is about several millimeters, it is preferable that the working distance is about 90 mm or more and 350 mm or less in order to reduce the taper of the cut surface. By setting the working distance to 90 mm or more, the specific inclination of the cut surface can be reduced, and by setting the working distance to 350 mm or less, the laser density can be prevented from being insufficient. From these viewpoints, the working distance is more preferably 100 mm or more and 300 mm or less, and further preferably 100 mm or more and 200 mm or less.
本発明の実施形態に係る金属多孔体の切断方法において前記レーザー光の光源は、例えば、ＹＡＧレーザー、ＹＶＯ4レーザー又はファイバーレーザーであることが好ましい。これらのレーザーの基本波により金属多孔体の切断が可能であり、かつこれらのレーザーは安価なものとして利用することができる。
更に、前記レーザー光の光源は、ＳＨＧ ＹＡＧレーザー、又はＳＨＧ ＹＶＯ4レーザーであることが好ましい。これらのレーザーの基本を利用することで、熱的影響を低減し、かつ、より高い寸法精度での切断加工が可能となる。
In the metal porous body cutting method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the laser light source is preferably, for example, a YAG laser, a YVO 4 laser, or a fiber laser. The porous metal can be cut by the fundamental wave of these lasers, and these lasers can be used as inexpensive ones.
Furthermore, the light source of the laser light is preferably an SHG YAG laser or an SHG YVO 4 laser. By using these laser basics, it is possible to reduce the thermal influence and to perform cutting with higher dimensional accuracy.
本発明の実施形態に係る金属多孔体の切断方法においては、レーザー切断面にアシストガスを吹き付けて金属多孔体を切断することが好ましい。アシストガスを切断面に吹き付けることで、切断部を冷却して熱影響層を低減させることができ、また、金属の酸化を抑制することができる。特に、金属多孔体が銅を主成分とする銅多孔体のように、酸化による変色が顕著な場合には、酸化による変色の防止効果が高い。
前記アシストガスとしては、例えば、窒素ガスやアルゴンガスを好ましく利用することができる。窒素ガスの方が安価であり好ましい。
In the method for cutting a porous metal body according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable to blow the assist gas to the laser cutting surface to cut the porous metal body. By spraying the assist gas onto the cut surface, the cut portion can be cooled to reduce the heat-affected layer, and oxidation of the metal can be suppressed. In particular, when the metal porous body is noticeably discolored by oxidation, such as a copper porous body containing copper as a main component, the effect of preventing discoloration by oxidation is high.
As the assist gas, for example, nitrogen gas or argon gas can be preferably used. Nitrogen gas is preferred because it is cheaper.
前記金属多孔体は構造が三次元網目状構造を有していればよく、金属の種類は特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、アルミニウムを主成分とするアルミニウム多孔体、ニッケルを主成分とするニッケル多孔体、又は、銅を主成分とする銅多孔体であることが好ましい。これらの金属多孔体は導電性や熱伝導性等に優れていて種々の用途に応用が可能であり、本発明の実施形態に係る金属多孔体の切断方法によって切断加工を行うことで、より応用目的に即した加工が可能となる。 The metal porous body only needs to have a three-dimensional network structure, and the type of metal is not particularly limited. For example, an aluminum porous body mainly composed of aluminum, nickel as a major component. It is preferable to be a nickel porous body or a copper porous body mainly composed of copper. These metal porous bodies are excellent in electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, etc. and can be applied to various applications, and can be more applied by performing a cutting process by the metal porous body cutting method according to the embodiment of the present invention. Processing according to the purpose is possible.
＜金属多孔体＞
本発明の実施形態に係る金属多孔体は、前記本発明の実施形態に係る金属多孔体の切断方法で切断した金属多孔体であって、切断面の骨格折れ発生率が５％以下である金属多孔体、である。
前述のように本発明の実施形態に係る金属多孔体の切断方法は、骨格の折れの発生が少ないフラットな切断面が得られる切断方法である。このため、当該切断方法を利用して得られる金属多孔体は切断面において金属多孔体の骨格の端部が略同一平面上にあり、骨格の折れ発生率も５％以下となっている。
<Metal porous body>
The metal porous body according to the embodiment of the present invention is a metal porous body cut by the method for cutting a metal porous body according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the skeleton fracture occurrence rate of the cut surface is 5% or less. Porous body.
As described above, the method for cutting a porous metal body according to the embodiment of the present invention is a cutting method that can obtain a flat cut surface with less occurrence of skeleton breakage. For this reason, in the metal porous body obtained by using the cutting method, the end of the skeleton of the metal porous body is substantially on the same plane at the cut surface, and the occurrence rate of skeleton bending is 5% or less.
前記骨格の折れ発生率（％）は次のようにして算出する。
（Ｉ）まず、金属多孔体の切断加工面を実体顕微鏡で拡大率を３０倍にして観察する。観察範囲は３ｍｍ厚さ×１０ｍｍ長さとする。なお、金属多孔体の厚さが３ｍｍ未満である場合には、「金属多孔体の厚さ×１０ｍｍ長さ」を観察範囲とする。
（II）そして、切断加工面において「折れた骨格本数÷切断加工面の骨格本数の合計」から骨格の折れ発生率を算出する。このとき、切断加工面とピントが外れる骨格（切断部あり）については折れた骨格と判断するものとする。
The occurrence rate (%) of the skeleton breakage is calculated as follows.
(I) First, the cut surface of the porous metal body is observed with a stereomicroscope at a magnification of 30 times. The observation range is 3 mm thick × 10 mm long. In addition, when the thickness of the metal porous body is less than 3 mm, “the thickness of the metal porous body × 10 mm length” is set as the observation range.
(II) Then, on the cut surface, the rate of occurrence of the skeleton is calculated from “the number of broken skeletons ÷ the total number of skeletons on the cut surface”. At this time, a skeleton (with a cutting portion) that is out of focus with the cut surface is determined to be a broken skeleton.
例えば、金属多孔体の優れた熱伝導性を利用して金属多孔体を熱交換器の伝熱フィンとして用いる場合には、レーザー切断した前記本発明の実施形態に係る金属多孔体を用いることで、冷媒管と金属多孔体との接触点をより多くすることができる。これにより、フィンと冷媒管との熱伝導性が向上し、更に、金属多孔体の比表面積が大きいことによる空気と金属多孔体との間の熱伝達性向上効果もあり、熱交換効率の高い熱交換器が得られる。特に、アルミニウム多孔体は軽量でかつ安価であるため、安価な熱交換器材料として有用である。
なお、従来のハサミ、カッター、回転刃などによる機械切断では、切断時のダメージによって金属多孔体の切断面の骨格が５％よりも多く折れてしまう。
For example, when the metal porous body is used as a heat transfer fin of a heat exchanger by utilizing the excellent thermal conductivity of the metal porous body, by using the metal porous body according to the embodiment of the present invention that has been laser cut, Further, the number of contact points between the refrigerant pipe and the metal porous body can be increased. Thereby, the heat conductivity between the fin and the refrigerant tube is improved, and further, there is an effect of improving the heat transfer between the air and the metal porous body due to the large specific surface area of the metal porous body, and the heat exchange efficiency is high. A heat exchanger is obtained. In particular, since the porous aluminum body is light and inexpensive, it is useful as an inexpensive heat exchanger material.
In the conventional mechanical cutting with scissors, a cutter, a rotary blade, etc., the skeleton of the cut surface of the metal porous body is broken more than 5% due to damage at the time of cutting.
以下、実施例に基づいて本発明をより詳細に説明するが、これらの実施例は例示であって、本発明の金属多孔体の切断方法等はこれらに限定されるものではない。本発明の範囲は特許請求の範囲の範囲によって示され、特許請求の範囲の範囲と均等の意味及び範囲内でのすべての変更が含まれる。 EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated in detail based on an Example, these Examples are illustrations, Comprising: The cutting method of the metal porous body of this invention, etc. are not limited to these. The scope of the present invention is defined by the scope of the claims, and includes meanings equivalent to the scope of the claims and all modifications within the scope.
［実施例１］
３ｍｍの厚さを持つ板状のアルミニウム多孔体を７ｍｍ角に切断した。アルミニウム多孔体は、気孔率９２％、セル数２０個/インチ、気孔径約１２７０μｍ、アルミニウム純度９９質量％のものを用いた。
前記アルミニウム多孔体を水平に置き、垂直方向からレーザー光を照射した。切断条件は、表１に示すように、ファイバーレーザーマーカー（２５Ｗ、波長１０６４ｎｍ、作動距離１９０ｍｍ）を用い、パワー２０Ｗ、周波数２５ｋＨz、一パルスあたりのエネルギー０．８ｍＪ/Ｐ、照射密度７×１０9Ｗ/ｍ2、走査速度１０ｍｍ/ｓ、走査回数５０〜１００回とした。
[Example 1]
A plate-like aluminum porous body having a thickness of 3 mm was cut into a 7 mm square. A porous aluminum body having a porosity of 92%, the number of cells of 20 / inch, a pore diameter of about 1270 μm, and an aluminum purity of 99% by mass was used.
The aluminum porous body was placed horizontally and irradiated with laser light from the vertical direction. The cutting conditions are as shown in Table 1, using a fiber laser marker (25 W, wavelength 1064 nm, working distance 190 mm), power 20 W, frequency 25 kHz, energy per pulse 0.8 mJ / P, irradiation density 7 × 10 9. W / m 2 , scanning speed 10 mm / s, scanning frequency 50 to 100 times.
切断方法３の条件によって切断して得たアルミニウム多孔体について、切断面を横方向から見た写真を図１に示す。図１において矢印で示している面が切断面である。また、切断面を正面から見た顕微鏡写真（倍率３０倍）を図２に示す。
図１に示すように切断加工面においては、骨格の端部が略同一面上に揃っており、フラットな切断面が得られた。
切断加工後のアルミニウム多孔体の切断加工面を実体顕微鏡で観察し（拡大率３０倍）、切断加工面における骨格の本数の合計と、折れていた骨格の本数を計測した。そして、切断加工面の骨格の折れ発生率を「折れた骨格の本数÷切断加工面の骨格の本数の合計×１００」として算出した。その結果、骨格の折れが発生している部分はなく、骨格折れ発生率は０％であった。
これにより、レーザー切断後のアルミニウム多孔体の切断面は骨格の折れのないフラットな加工面であることが確認された。
The photograph which looked at the cut surface from the horizontal direction about the porous aluminum body cut | disconnected by the conditions of the cutting method 3 is shown in FIG. A surface indicated by an arrow in FIG. 1 is a cut surface. Moreover, the microscope picture (magnification 30 times) which looked at the cut surface from the front is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, in the cut surface, the end portions of the skeleton were aligned on substantially the same plane, and a flat cut surface was obtained.
The cut surface of the porous aluminum body after the cutting process was observed with a stereomicroscope (magnification rate 30 times), and the total number of skeletons on the cut surface and the number of broken skeletons were measured. Then, the fracture rate of the skeleton on the cut surface was calculated as “number of broken skeletons ÷ total number of skeletons on the cut surface × 100”. As a result, there was no portion where the skeleton was broken, and the skeleton fold occurrence rate was 0%.
Thereby, it was confirmed that the cut surface of the aluminum porous body after laser cutting is a flat processed surface with no skeleton broken.
［実施例２］
実施例１において、レーザー光の照射密度を１×１０8Ｗ/ｍ2とした以外は実施例１と同様にしてアルミニウム多孔体の切断加工を行った。
その結果、実施例１よりも時間が多くかかったものの、骨格の折れ発生率が０％でありフラットな切断面が得られた。
[Example 2]
In Example 1, the aluminum porous body was cut in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the irradiation density of the laser beam was 1 × 10 8 W / m 2 .
As a result, although it took more time than Example 1, the occurrence rate of the skeleton was 0%, and a flat cut surface was obtained.
［実施例３］
実施例１において、レーザー光の照射密度を１×１０12Ｗ/ｍ2とした以外は実施例１と同様にしてアルミニウム多孔体の切断加工を行った。
その結果、実施例１よりも熱影響層の発生が多かったものの、骨格の折れ発生率が０％でありフラットな切断面が得られた。
[Example 3]
In Example 1, the aluminum porous body was cut in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the irradiation density of the laser beam was 1 × 10 12 W / m 2 .
As a result, although more heat-affected layers were generated than in Example 1, the rate of occurrence of skeletal bending was 0%, and a flat cut surface was obtained.
［実施例４］
実施例１において切断条件を、ＳＨＧ ＹＶＯ4レーザーマーカー（６Ｗ、波長５３２ｎｍ、作動距離１８９ｍｍ）を用い、パワー４Ｗ、周波数１０ｋＨｚ、一パルス当たりのエネルギー０．１６ｍＪ/Ｐ、照射密度１．４×１０9Ｗ/ｍ2、走査速度１０ｍｍ/ｓ、走査回数５０〜１００回とした以外は実施例１と同様にしてアルミニウム多孔体を切断した。
切断面を観察したところ、実施例１のファイバーレーザーを用いた場合と同様に骨格の折れの発生がなく、更に熱影響層の少ないフラットな加工ができた。
[Example 4]
In Example 1, the cutting conditions were as follows: SHG YVO 4 laser marker (6 W, wavelength 532 nm, working distance 189 mm), power 4 W, frequency 10 kHz, energy per pulse 0.16 mJ / P, irradiation density 1.4 × 10 The porous aluminum body was cut in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 9 W / m 2 , the scanning speed was 10 mm / s, and the number of scans was 50 to 100.
When the cut surface was observed, there was no occurrence of skeletal folds as in the case of using the fiber laser of Example 1, and flat processing with less heat-affected layers was possible.
［実施例５］
実施例１において、切断時にアシストガスとして窒素ガスを切断面に吹き付けた以外は実施例１と同様にして切断加工を行った。
その結果、骨格の折れ発生率が０％でフラットであり、かつ酸化層が形成されていない切断面が得られた。
[Example 5]
In Example 1, cutting was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that nitrogen gas was blown onto the cut surface as an assist gas during cutting.
As a result, a cut surface in which the occurrence rate of the skeleton was 0% and was flat, and no oxide layer was formed was obtained.
［実施例６］
実施例１において、アルミニウム多孔体を、ニッケル多孔体（ニッケル純度９９質量％）又は銅体孔体（銅純度９９質量％）に変更した以外は実施例１と同様にしてニッケル多孔体及び銅多孔体の切断加工を行った。
その結果、ニッケル多孔体及び銅多孔体のどちらの場合にも、アルミニウム多孔体と同様に骨格の折れ発生率が０％でフラットな切断面が得られた。
[Example 6]
In Example 1, except that the aluminum porous body was changed to a nickel porous body (nickel purity 99% by mass) or a copper body porous body (copper purity 99% by mass), the nickel porous body and the copper porous body were the same as in Example 1. The body was cut.
As a result, in both cases of the nickel porous body and the copper porous body, a flat cut surface was obtained with the occurrence rate of the skeleton being 0% as in the case of the aluminum porous body.
［比較例１］
実施例１で用いたアルミニウム多孔体をハサミにより７ｍｍ角に切断した。
得られたアルミニウム多孔体について、切断面を横方向から見た写真を図３に示す。図３において矢印で示している面が切断面である。また、切断面を正面から見た顕微鏡写真（倍率３０倍）を図４に示す。
図３に示すように切断加工面はフラットではなく、骨格が厚み方向中央部に寄って凸型の切断面となっていた。更に、骨格の折れ発生率も多く、実施例１と同様にして切断加工面における骨格の折れ発生率を算出したところ、骨格の折れ発生率は９０％であった。
[Comparative Example 1]
The aluminum porous body used in Example 1 was cut into 7 mm square using scissors.
About the obtained aluminum porous body, the photograph which looked at the cut surface from the horizontal direction is shown in FIG. A surface indicated by an arrow in FIG. 3 is a cut surface. Moreover, the microscope picture (magnification 30 times) which looked at the cut surface from the front is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the cut surface was not flat, and the skeleton approached the central portion in the thickness direction to form a convex cut surface. Further, the occurrence rate of the skeleton was high, and the occurrence rate of the skeleton on the cut surface was calculated in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the occurrence rate of the skeleton was 90%.
［比較例２］
実施例１において、レーザー光の照射密度を１×１０7Ｗ/ｍ2とした以外は実施例１と同様にしてアルミニウム多孔体の切断加工を行った。
その結果、時間をかけてもアルミニウム多孔体を切断することができなかった。
[Comparative Example 2]
In Example 1, the aluminum porous body was cut in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the irradiation density of the laser beam was 1 × 10 7 W / m 2 .
As a result, the aluminum porous body could not be cut even over time.
［比較例３］
実施例１において、レーザー光の照射密度を１×１０13Ｗ/ｍ2とした以外は実施例１と同様にしてアルミニウム多孔体の切断加工を行った。
その結果、切断面において骨格が熔けており、熱影響層が多く寸法精度が悪くなっていた。
[Comparative Example 3]
In Example 1, the aluminum porous body was cut in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the laser beam irradiation density was set to 1 × 10 13 W / m 2 .
As a result, the skeleton was melted at the cut surface, and there were many heat-affected layers, resulting in poor dimensional accuracy.
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| JP2009525189A (en) * | 2006-02-03 | 2009-07-09 | レール・リキード−ソシエテ・アノニム・プール・レテュード・エ・レクスプロワタシオン・デ・プロセデ・ジョルジュ・クロード | A cutting method using a laser having at least one ytterbium-based fiber, wherein at least the power of the laser source, the focused beam diameter and the Q value of the beam are controlled |
| WO2012111665A1 (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2012-08-23 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Three-dimensional porous aluminum mesh for use in collector, electrode using same, and battery, capacitor, and lithium-ion capacitor using said electrode |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2009525189A (en) * | 2006-02-03 | 2009-07-09 | レール・リキード−ソシエテ・アノニム・プール・レテュード・エ・レクスプロワタシオン・デ・プロセデ・ジョルジュ・クロード | A cutting method using a laser having at least one ytterbium-based fiber, wherein at least the power of the laser source, the focused beam diameter and the Q value of the beam are controlled |
| WO2012111665A1 (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2012-08-23 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Three-dimensional porous aluminum mesh for use in collector, electrode using same, and battery, capacitor, and lithium-ion capacitor using said electrode |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105328336A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-02-17 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Laser welding method for preparing porous metal material |
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