JP2015193997A - Structure of house - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure of a house capable of preventing lowering of the temperature such as a living room in ventilation in details, in the structure of the house having a heat collector, in the present invention.SOLUTION: A structure of a house 1 having a heat collector comprises an above-floor space 2 and an underfloor space 3, and the underfloor space 3 is enclosed by an outer peripheral foundation 5 arranged along an outer peripheral part of the house 1, a first story floor 4 of the house 1 and a ground surface 6, and the outer peripheral foundation 5 is provided with a heat insulation material 7 for thermally insulating the underfloor space 3 from outside air and a foundation ventilation port 8 for introducing the outside air into the underfloor space 3. Air warmed by the heat collector 10 is supplied to the underfloor space 3, and the air of the underfloor space 3 is supplied to the above-floor space 2.

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure of a house provided with a heat collecting device, and more particularly to a structure of a house that can prevent a decrease in temperature of a living room or the like during ventilation.

  Patent Document 1 below describes a building structure in which ventilation is performed using air in an underfloor space. The underfloor space of this building is insulated from the outside air. The air in the underfloor space is also heat exchanged with the ground surface of the underfloor space even in winter, and therefore tends to have a higher temperature than the outside air. Therefore, the building of Patent Literature 1 is expected to have an effect of lowering the room temperature during ventilation compared to the case where outside air is directly introduced into the room.

JP2013-249634A

  However, due to the recent demand for energy saving, it is desired to further reduce the decrease in room temperature during ventilation.

  The present invention has been devised in view of the above circumstances, and has as its main object to provide a housing structure capable of further reducing the temperature drop of the space above the floor such as a living room during ventilation. .

  The present invention is a housing structure provided with a heat collecting device, and has a floor space and an underfloor space, the underfloor space being disposed along an outer periphery of the housing, and the housing The floor is surrounded by a ground floor, and the outer peripheral foundation includes a heat insulating material for insulating the underfloor space from outside air, and a basic ventilation port for introducing outside air into the underfloor space. The underfloor space is supplied with air heated by the heat collecting device, and the air in the underfloor space is supplied to the above-floor space.

  In the housing structure of the present invention, the air in the underfloor space can be supplied to the above-floor space using a blower.

  In the housing structure of the present invention, the underfloor space includes a first region provided with the basic ventilation port, and a second region separated from the first region, and the second region includes: Air from the first region can be introduced, and air heated by the heat collecting device is supplied to the second region, and air from the second region is supplied to the floor space. Also good.

  In the housing structure of the present invention, the second region and the first region may be different sections depending on an internal foundation having a gap through which air can pass.

  In the housing structure of the present invention, a heat insulating material may be disposed on the outer peripheral foundation and the inner foundation surrounding the second region.

  In the housing structure of the present invention, a heat insulating material may be disposed on a portion of the floor covering at least the second region.

  In the housing structure of the present invention, heat storage means different from the ground surface for temporarily storing thermal energy of the air heated by the heat collecting device may be provided in the underfloor space.

  In the housing structure of the present invention, the heat storage means may be arranged in the second region.

  In the housing structure of the present invention, the air in the underfloor space is provided in the underfloor space or facing the underfloor space at a position 1.5 m or more away from the basic ventilation opening by a water wall distance. You may introduce | transduce into the said floor space from an air suction inlet.

  In the housing structure of the present invention, the second region may be a region that is separated from the basic ventilation port by a horizontal distance of at least 1.5 m.

  In the house of the present invention, outside air is introduced into an underfloor space surrounded by an insulated outer peripheral foundation. The introduced air is warmed by heat exchange on the ground surface in the underfloor space. Since the air heated by the heat collecting device is supplied to the underfloor space, the air introduced into the underfloor space further receives heat energy from the air heated by the heat collecting device, and is further heated to rise above the floor space. Supplied to. Therefore, the structure of the house of the present invention can increase the temperature of the outside air with the underground heat and the heat energy obtained by the heat collecting device and supply it to the living room etc., so that the temperature of the living room etc. during ventilation is lowered. Can be further reduced. This helps to save a lot of winter heating energy.

It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the house of this invention notionally. It is a horizontal sectional view of the under floor space of the house of FIG. It is a horizontal sectional view of the underfloor space of the house which shows other embodiments of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the house which shows other embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the house which shows other embodiment of this invention. It is a horizontal sectional view of the underfloor space of the house which shows other embodiments of the present invention. It is a figure explaining sedimentation of the dust in outside air, (A) is a fragmentary sectional view of underfloor space, and (B) is the perspective view.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the structure of a house 1 according to the present invention. The house 1 of the present embodiment includes an above-floor space 2 and an under-floor space 3. These spaces are partitioned by a floor 4 on the first floor.

  Although not shown in detail, the floor space 2 is divided into a plurality of compartments such as a living room, a toilet, a washroom, and a bathroom according to common practice.

  The underfloor space 3 is surrounded by an outer periphery foundation 5 arranged along the outer periphery of the house 1, the floor 4, and the ground surface 6.

  For example, a concrete cloth foundation protruding from the ground surface 6 at a small height is used as the outer circumference foundation 5. The outer peripheral foundation 5 is provided with a heat insulating material 7 for insulating the underfloor space 3 and the outside air. For the heat insulating material 7, for example, a resin material such as polystyrene foam is suitably employed. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the cold air of the outside air from being transmitted into the underfloor space 3 via the outer circumference foundation 5.

  The outer circumferential foundation 5 is provided with at least one (one in this embodiment) basic ventilation opening 8. Outside air is introduced into the underfloor space 3 by the basic ventilation port 8.

  The ground surface 6 forms the bottom surface of the underfloor space 3. In the house 1 of the present embodiment, the ground surface 6 is finished with soil concrete 9. The earthen concrete 9 is not provided with the heat insulating material 7 provided on the outer peripheral foundation 5. In addition, since concrete does not have a substantial thermal insulation performance, the air in the underfloor space 3 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “underfloor air”) is the heat of the ground (ground surface 6) with little temperature change throughout the year. (Geothermal below) and heat exchange.

  The house 1 of this embodiment further includes a heat collecting device 10. The heat collecting apparatus 10 is not particularly limited, but preferably uses natural energy, particularly solar thermal energy. The heat collecting apparatus 10 can collect and move solar thermal energy through a heat medium such as air or liquid, for example. As such an embodiment, a heat collecting device installed on the roof surface, a heat collecting device using a window on the outer wall, or the like can be used, but is not limited thereto. In the present embodiment, for example, a heat collecting apparatus 10 using a window on an outer wall is shown.

  As the heat collecting apparatus 10, for example, a double sash fitted into a window is used. The double sash includes an indoor sash 15 on the indoor side and an outer sash 16 on the outdoor side, in which air heated by solar thermal energy can be stored and taken out. The air warmed by the heat collecting apparatus 10 is also supplied to the underfloor space 3 through the fan 17 and the duct 18.

  2 shows a horizontal sectional view of the underfloor space 3 of the house 1 in FIG. The underfloor space 3 of the present embodiment includes, for example, a first region A in which a basic ventilation port 8 is provided and a second region B that is separated from the first region A. In this embodiment, the 1st field A and the 2nd field B are made into the division which is different in the internal foundation 20 which has extended the internal space of the perimeter foundation 5. The internal foundation 20 has a gap 22 that allows air to flow between the first region A and the second region B.

  In the aspect of FIG. 2, the underfloor space 3 is partitioned into four spaces by the internal foundation 20. Each of the second regions B (B1, B2, and B3) is a region that is away from the first region A and is not provided with the basic ventilation port 8. On the other hand, the air from the first region A can be introduced into each second region B through the gap 22. This gap 22 may be, for example, a person's entrance for inspection, or a small gap between the foundation and the base.

  Air heated by the heat collecting device 10 is supplied to the underfloor space 3. In a preferred embodiment, the air warmed by the heat collecting apparatus 10 is supplied to the second region B. In the present embodiment, as a more preferable aspect, air heated by the heat collecting device 10 is supplied to one second region B2 among the plurality of second regions B1, B2, and B3. The second area B2 is located on a diagonal line of the house 1 with the first area A, and is the area farthest from the first area A among the second areas B1, B2, and B3.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the house 1 of the present embodiment includes a blower 23 for ventilating the space 2 above the floor. The blower 23 is used, for example, to supply air to the floor space 2. For example, one end of a duct 25 is connected to the suction port of the blower 23. The other end of the duct 25 is opened in the second region B <b> 2 and constitutes an air suction port 26. In this embodiment, although the air blower 23 is also provided in 2nd area | region B2, the air blower 23 itself does not need to be provided in 2nd area | region B2. Preferably, the duct 25 is preferably provided with a filter 32 in the middle for removing dust in the air. A duct 28 is connected to the outlet of the blower 23. The duct 28 extends to the floor space 2 and opens there.

  The operation of the house 1 configured as described above is as follows.

  First, outside air is introduced into the underfloor space 3 insulated from outside air through the basic ventilation port 8. The introduced air is warmed by exchanging heat with underground heat on the ground surface 6 in the first region A of the underfloor space 3. The air warmed in the first region A is further introduced into the second region B2 of the underfloor space 3.

  Air warmed by the heat collector 10 is supplied to the second region B2. Therefore, the air introduced from the first region A to the second region B2 receives heat energy from the air warmed by the heat collecting device 10 in addition to heat exchange with the ground surface 6 of the second region B2. Thereby, the air of 2nd area | region B2 is further warmed. As described above, the air in the second region B <b> 2 heated in at least two stages is supplied to the floor space 2 by the blower 23. In the floor space 2, air corresponding to the supplied air amount is discharged from, for example, the natural ventilation port 27. That is, in this example, the house 1 is equipped with the second type mechanical ventilation equipment.

  As described above, the house 1 of the present embodiment can raise the temperature of the outdoor air with at least the underground heat and the heat energy of the heat collecting device 10 and supply it to the floor space 2 such as a living room. The temperature drop of the living room can be further reduced. This helps to save a lot of winter heating energy.

  In general, the first region A is provided with the basic ventilation port 8, and therefore has a relatively low air temperature in the underfloor space 3. Further, the longer the path from the first area A to the second area B, the longer the underfloor air can exchange heat with the ground surface 6. Therefore, as in the present embodiment, when the second region B is divided into a plurality of sections, the air from the heat collecting device 10 is supplied to the second region B2 that is farthest from the first region A. It is desirable that an air inlet 26 be provided.

  In FIG. 3 and subsequent figures, other embodiments of the present invention are shown. Throughout each embodiment, common elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the following description is omitted.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the heat insulating material 71 is also disposed on the internal foundation 20 surrounding the second region B <b> 2 to which the air warmed by the heat collector 10 is supplied. Thereby, it is possible to effectively prevent the heat supplied to the second region B2 from being dissipated to other regions (the first region A and the second regions B1, B3). In a preferred embodiment, it is more effective that the heat insulating material 7 is arranged continuously (except for the gap 22) on the inner peripheral surfaces of the outer peripheral base 5 and the inner base 20 surrounding the second region B2.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the heat insulating material 72 is arranged in a portion that covers at least the second region B <b> 2 of the floor 4 on the first floor. In this embodiment, the heat insulating material 72 is arrange | positioned only about the part which covers 2nd area | region B2 regarding the floor 4. FIG. In this embodiment, it is possible to effectively prevent the thermal energy of the second region B2 from being dissipated through the floor 4. Note that the embodiment of FIG. 4 may be used in combination with the embodiment of FIG.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the heat storage means 30 for temporarily storing the heat energy of the air warmed by the heat collector 10 is provided in the second region B2. The heat storage means 30 includes, for example, a case 30a and a heat storage body 30b that is arranged inside and can store heat. The air warmed by the heat collector 10 is supplied into the case 30 a via the duct 18. The thermal energy of these air is stored in the heat storage body 30b. The air that has finished heat exchange with the heat storage unit 30b may be returned to the second region B2 or may be released to the outside of the underfloor space 3. Various materials such as concrete, brick, and water can be used as the heat storage body 30b.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 5, for example, when the air in the second region B2 is equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature and the temperature of the heat storage body 30b is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the air in the second region B2 is transferred to the heat storage means 30. It is desirable to provide a control means for supplying. As a result, the air in the second region B2 is warmed by exchanging heat with the heat storage unit 30b, and then released again into the second region B2. According to this embodiment, the heat energy obtained by the heat collecting apparatus 10 can be efficiently supplied to the second region B2, and the temperature of the second region B2 can be stably maintained high. Moreover, since the heat storage device 30 is arranged in the second region B2 having the relatively highest temperature in the underfloor space 2, the heat storage time can be increased.

  FIG. 6 shows a horizontal sectional view of the underfloor space 3 as another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the foundation of the house is composed only of the outer peripheral foundation 5, and the internal foundation 20 is not provided. Therefore, the underfloor space 3 forms a single space.

  In the underfloor space 3 of this embodiment, the first region A is a region near the basic ventilation port 8, for example, a region having a horizontal distance of less than 1.5 m from the basic ventilation port 8. On the other hand, the second region B is a region away from the first region A and is a region that is separated from the basic ventilation port 8 by a horizontal distance of at least 1.5 m.

  In FIG. 6, a boundary line 40 between the first area A and the second area B is drawn with a virtual line. This boundary line 40 is a straight line area separating the distance L (= 1.5 m) from the basic ventilation opening 8 and an arc area having a radius R (= 1.5 m) centering on both ends of the basic ventilation opening 8. Is formed. In the present embodiment, the inside of the boundary line 40 is defined as the first region A, and the outside of the boundary line 40 is defined as the second region B.

  In winter, the air immediately after being introduced into the underfloor space 3 from the basic ventilation opening 8 is lower than the average air temperature of the underfloor space 3. However, the temperature of the low-temperature air gradually increases due to heat exchange with the underground heat in the first region A. In order to sufficiently realize such a temperature rise, the first region A and the second region B are defined as described above.

  In addition to thermal problems, in recent years, there are concerns about foreign substances contained in the outside air, especially dust (microparticulate matter) such as pollen and PM2.5. As a result of the study by the present inventors, as shown in FIG. 7A, it has been found that the wind speed of the outside air taken in from the basic ventilation port 8 rapidly decreases in the underfloor space 3. For this reason, the dust F contained in the outside air immediately stalls and starts dropping after passing through the basic ventilation port 8 (more precisely, the opening of the heat insulating material 7). It has been found that most of the dust F settles in the vicinity of the basic ventilation port 8.

FIG. 7B shows the distance from the basic ventilation port 8 and the sedimentation state of the dust F. For example, standard housing conditions (effective opening area of basic ventilation port 8 is 100 to 600 cm ² , outdoor wind speed is 3 m / s, and height of basic ventilation port 8 from ground surface 6 is 300 to 400 mm) In this case, nearly 85% of the dust in the air introduced into the underfloor space 3 settles in the first region A where the horizontal distance L from the basic ventilation port 8 is less than 1.5 m, and the distance L is 6.0 m. It has also been confirmed that 97% or more of the dust settles in the area A1 within.

  Therefore, when there is no partition of the internal foundation 20 or the like, the first region A is determined as described above, thereby increasing the temperature of the air and sinking the dust F contained in the outside air, thereby enhancing its removal effect. You can also Therefore, as a particularly preferable aspect, as described above, the air suction port 26 of the duct 25 of the blower 23 is provided in the second region B (a position at a distance of 1.5 m or more from the basic ventilation port 8). desirable. Thereby, the air blower 23 can inhale clean underfloor air in which the amount of dust is reduced to, for example, 15% or less. This can reduce the load on the filter 32 and extend the filter maintenance cycle and filter life.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the air inlet 26 is opening upwards, for example. Thereby, it becomes difficult to inhale the dust accumulated on the soil concrete 9. Moreover, since the relatively warm upper air can be sucked in the underfloor space 3, it is possible to more effectively prevent a temperature drop during ventilation.

  In addition, energy-saving heating devices (heat pump air conditioners, etc.) are installed in the second area B2 and used as an auxiliary heat source as a countermeasure for cases where the heat collection effect by the heat collection device cannot be expected, such as cloudy or rainy weather in winter. Also good.

  As mentioned above, although especially preferable embodiment of this invention was explained in full detail, this invention is not limited to embodiment of illustration, It can deform | transform and implement in a various aspect.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 House 2 Above-floor space 3 Under-floor space 4 Floor 5 Outer periphery foundation 6 Ground surface 7 Heat insulating material 8 Foundation ventilation opening 9 Concrete between soil 10 Heat collecting device 20 Internal foundation 23 Blower 30 Heat storage means A 1st area B 2nd area

Claims (10)

A housing structure with a heat collecting device,
It has a space above the floor and a space below the floor,
The underfloor space is surrounded by an outer periphery foundation arranged along an outer periphery of the house, a floor on the first floor of the house, and a ground surface,
The outer peripheral foundation is provided with a heat insulating material for insulating the underfloor space from outside air, and a basic ventilation port for introducing outside air into the underfloor space,
The underfloor space is supplied with air warmed by the heat collector,
A structure of a house characterized in that air in the underfloor space is supplied to the above-floor space.   The residential structure according to claim 1, wherein the air in the underfloor space is supplied to the overfloor space using a blower. The underfloor space includes a first region in which the basic ventilation port is provided and a second region separated from the first region, and air from the first region is introduced into the second region. Is possible,
The second region is supplied with air warmed by the heat collector,
The residential structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the air in the second region is supplied to the floor space.   The housing structure according to claim 3, wherein the second area and the first area are divided into different sections by an internal foundation having a gap through which air can come and go.   The housing structure according to claim 4, wherein a heat insulating material is disposed on the outer peripheral foundation and the inner foundation surrounding the second region.   The structure of a house according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein a heat insulating material is disposed on a portion covering at least the second region of the floor.   The residential structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a heat storage means different from the ground surface for temporarily storing thermal energy of air heated by the heat collector is provided in the underfloor space. .   The housing structure according to claim 3, wherein the heat storage means is disposed in the second region.   The air in the underfloor space is introduced into the above floor space from an air inlet provided in the underfloor space or facing the underfloor space at a horizontal distance of 1.5 m or more from the basic ventilation port. The structure of a house according to claim 1 or 2,   The residential structure according to claim 3, wherein the second region is a region separated from the basic ventilation port by a horizontal distance of at least 1.5 m.

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