JP2015190757A - Desuperheater and desuperheating method - Google Patents
Desuperheater and desuperheating method Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015190757A JP2015190757A JP2015067407A JP2015067407A JP2015190757A JP 2015190757 A JP2015190757 A JP 2015190757A JP 2015067407 A JP2015067407 A JP 2015067407A JP 2015067407 A JP2015067407 A JP 2015067407A JP 2015190757 A JP2015190757 A JP 2015190757A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 75
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G5/00—Controlling superheat temperature
- F22G5/12—Controlling superheat temperature by attemperating the superheated steam, e.g. by injected water sprays
- F22G5/123—Water injection apparatus
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、水噴霧式過熱低減装置に係り、さらに詳しくは、過熱蒸気の適正な温度を維持するために高圧の噴霧水を過熱蒸気に直接接触させて効果的に過熱蒸気の温度を低減することのできる過熱低減装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a water spray type superheat reduction device, and more specifically, to maintain the proper temperature of superheated steam, the high temperature spray water is brought into direct contact with the superheated steam to effectively reduce the temperature of the superheated steam. It is related with the overheat reduction apparatus which can be used.
一般に、火力および熱併合発電用ボイラーには、タービンジェネレータに求められる高温の過熱蒸気を発生するための過熱機が設けられる。過熱蒸気の温度を所要の温度に調節するために、過熱機の途中に過熱低減機を設けて過熱蒸気の過熱度を低下することが必要である。 Generally, a boiler for thermal power and heat combined power generation is provided with a superheater for generating high-temperature superheated steam required for a turbine generator. In order to adjust the temperature of the superheated steam to a required temperature, it is necessary to provide a superheat reducer in the middle of the superheater to lower the superheated degree of the superheated steam.
過熱低減機は、過熱蒸気の温度を落とす方法によって、表面冷却式過熱低減機と噴霧過熱低減機とに大別できる。噴霧式過熱低減機の方が、温度調節応答性が良好であり、しかも、温度調節範囲が設定し易いことから最も広く用いられている。 Superheat reducers can be broadly classified into surface-cooled superheat reducers and spray superheat reducers, depending on the method of lowering the temperature of superheated steam. The spray-type overheat reduction machine is most widely used because it has a better temperature control response and can easily set the temperature control range.
図１は、従来の水噴霧型過熱低減機を示す断面図である。 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional water spray type superheat reducer.
噴霧式過熱低減機は、高温下で高速で流動する蒸気に低温かつ高圧の水を噴霧して、噴射された水が蒸発するときに吸収する潜熱に見合う分だけ蒸気の温度は下がる。 The spray-type superheat reducer sprays low-temperature and high-pressure water onto steam that flows at high speed at high temperature, and the temperature of the steam is lowered by an amount corresponding to the latent heat absorbed when the injected water evaporates.
従来の過熱低減機における主たる問題点は、水と過熱蒸気との混合作用が十分ではないという点である。このように噴霧水と過熱蒸気との混合が不完全である場合、位置による蒸気の減温効果に違いが出るため、過熱低減機内の減温された蒸気の正確な温度が測定し難く、これは、スプレイチューブを介して流入する水の流量の調節し難さにつながるという問題がある。 The main problem with conventional overheat reduction machines is that the mixing action of water and superheated steam is not sufficient. In this way, if the mixing of spray water and superheated steam is incomplete, there will be a difference in the temperature-decreasing effect of the steam depending on the position, so it is difficult to measure the exact temperature of the heat-reduced steam in the superheat reduction machine. However, there is a problem that it is difficult to adjust the flow rate of the water flowing in through the spray tube.
また、混合作用が十分ではなければ、気化の遅延による液滴に起因して部分的な摩耗やショックなどが招かれるおそれがあり、ブローダウン水撃などの問題がある。 Further, if the mixing action is not sufficient, there is a possibility that partial wear or shock may be caused due to droplets due to the delay of vaporization, and there is a problem such as blowdown water hammer.
さらに、非効率的な蒸気と水との相互作用に起因して混合過程が起こる管内の長さが増加して過熱低減装置が全体的に肥大化し、その結果、空間活用性が顕著に低下するという問題がある。
［先行技術文献］
［特許文献］
特許文献１：米国公開特許第２０１３−００７４７８８号公報
In addition, the length of the tube in which the mixing process occurs due to inefficient steam-water interaction increases the overall overheat reduction device, resulting in a significant reduction in space utilization. There is a problem.
[Prior art documents]
[Patent Literature]
Patent Document 1: US Published Patent No. 2013-0074788
本発明は、上述した問題点に鑑みてなされたものであって、本発明が解決しようとする課題は、水と過熱蒸気との混合作用を活発にして、減温された蒸気の温度を不正確に測定することを防ぎ、スプレイチューブを用いて水の流入量を正確に調節し、液滴の蓄積に伴うチューブの腐食や摩耗を防いで過熱低減効率を高めることのできる水噴霧式過熱低減装置を提供することである。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and the problem to be solved by the present invention is to activate the mixing action of water and superheated steam so as to reduce the temperature of the reduced steam. Water spray-type overheating reduction that prevents accurate measurement and uses a spray tube to accurately adjust the inflow of water, preventing corrosion and wear of the tube due to the accumulation of droplets and increasing overheating reduction efficiency Is to provide a device.
上述した課題を解決するために、本発明の一実施形態による過熱低減装置は、過熱蒸気が移動する過熱低減チューブ３００と、過熱低減チューブ３００内への水の流入のために、過熱低減チューブ３００の上部から下方に向かって垂直に挿通されるスプレイチューブ１００と、を備える。 In order to solve the above-described problem, the superheat reduction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a superheat reduction tube 300 through which superheated steam moves and a superheat reduction tube 300 due to the inflow of water into the superheat reduction tube 300. And a spray tube 100 that is vertically inserted downward from the upper part.
好ましくは、過熱低減チューブ３００は、スプレイチューブ１００よりも下流側の蒸気速度の加速化のためのベンチュリ部を有し、スプレイチューブ１００は、過熱低減チューブ３００内に嵌まり込んだ部分に配設されて過熱低減チューブ３００の内部に、前記過熱蒸気と混合作用を引き起こす水を噴射する噴霧手段を有し、噴霧手段は、少なくとも一つ以上のオリフィス１１０を含む。 Preferably, the superheat reduction tube 300 has a venturi portion for accelerating the steam velocity downstream of the spray tube 100, and the spray tube 100 is disposed in a portion fitted in the superheat reduction tube 300. The superheat reducing tube 300 has spraying means for injecting water that causes mixing with the superheated steam. The spraying means includes at least one orifice 110.
また、上述した課題を解決するために、本発明の他の実施形態による過熱低減装置は、過熱蒸気が移動する過熱低減チューブ３００と、過熱低減チューブ３００内への水の流入のために、過熱低減チューブ３００の上部から下方に向かって垂直に挿通されるスプレイチューブ１００と、を備え、過熱低減チューブ３００は、内部に配設されて圧力の降下を防ぐためのリニアスリーブ２００を有し、スプレイチューブ１００は、過熱低減チューブ３００内に嵌まり込んだ部分に配設されて過熱低減チューブ３００の内部に、過熱蒸気と混合作用を引き起こす水を噴射する噴霧手段を有し、噴霧手段は、少なくとも一つ以上のオリフィス１１０を含む。 In addition, in order to solve the above-described problem, the overheat reduction device according to another embodiment of the present invention includes an overheat reduction tube 300 in which superheated steam moves and an inflow of water into the overheat reduction tube 300. A spray tube 100 vertically inserted downward from the top of the reduction tube 300, and the overheat reduction tube 300 has a linear sleeve 200 disposed therein to prevent a pressure drop, and the spray tube 100 The tube 100 has spraying means that is disposed in a portion fitted in the superheat reduction tube 300 and injects water that causes mixing action with superheated steam into the superheat reduction tube 300, and the spraying means includes at least One or more orifices 110 are included.
好ましくは、オリフィス１１０は、多数の噴霧口１２１を有する少なくとも一つ以上の多孔性オリフィス１２０を含む。 Preferably, the orifice 110 includes at least one porous orifice 120 having a number of spray ports 121.
また、好ましくは、過熱低減チューブ３００は、過熱低減チューブ３００の蒸気流入部ｄとスプレイチューブ１００との間の内部に配設されて渦流を形成するベーン２４０または突起２５０を有する。 Preferably, the superheat reducing tube 300 has a vane 240 or a protrusion 250 that is disposed inside the steam inflow portion d of the superheat reducing tube 300 and the spray tube 100 to form a vortex.
さらに、好ましくは、多孔性オリフィス１２０の各々は、多数の噴霧口１２１が所定の面積に亘って均一に分布した噴霧面を有する。 Further, preferably, each of the porous orifices 120 has a spray surface in which a large number of spray ports 121 are uniformly distributed over a predetermined area.
さらに、好ましくは、多孔性オリフィス１２０は、スプレイチューブ１００の下部に互いに上下に離間して複数設けられ、各々の多孔性オリフィス１２０の噴霧面は、互いに離間して独立した領域を形成する。 Further, preferably, a plurality of porous orifices 120 are provided in the lower part of the spray tube 100 so as to be spaced apart from each other vertically, and the spray surfaces of the respective porous orifices 120 are spaced apart from each other to form independent regions.
さらに、好ましくは、多孔性オリフィス１２０の噴霧面は、スプレイチューブ１００の円周面の平面展開図において、円形または四角形を呈する。 Further, preferably, the spray surface of the porous orifice 120 has a circular shape or a quadrangular shape in the plan development view of the circumferential surface of the spray tube 100.
さらに、好ましくは、スプレイチューブ１００は筒状であり、スプレイチューブ１００の多数の噴霧口１２１は、筒状の円周面の下流側に放射状に配設されるが、噴霧口１２１の穿孔方向は、スプレイチューブ１００の円周の中心に向かう。 Further, preferably, the spray tube 100 is cylindrical, and the many spray ports 121 of the spray tube 100 are radially arranged on the downstream side of the cylindrical circumferential surface. To the center of the circumference of the spray tube 100.
さらに、好ましくは、多孔性オリフィス１２０の多数の噴霧口１２１の直径は、下部から上部に進むにつれて大きくなる。 Furthermore, preferably, the diameter of the multiple spray ports 121 of the porous orifice 120 increases as it proceeds from the lower part to the upper part.
さらに、好ましくは、本発明の他の実施形態による過熱低減装置は、スプレイチューブ１００の内部に配設され、スプレイチューブ１００の直径よりも小さな直径を有するとともに、末端が開放された開閉調節チューブ１０１をさらに有し、開閉調節チューブ１０１の外周面が、スプレイチューブ１００の内周面と接触され、スプレイチューブ１００の噴霧口１２１と対応する多数の噴霧口１２２を有し、開閉調節チューブ１０１が回転手段によって、円周の中心軸を中心に回転されることにより、スプレイチューブ１００の噴霧口１２１の開閉度が調節される。 Furthermore, preferably, the overheat reducing device according to another embodiment of the present invention is disposed inside the spray tube 100 and has an opening / closing adjustment tube 101 having a diameter smaller than that of the spray tube 100 and having an open end. The opening / closing adjustment tube 101 is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the spray tube 100 and has a number of spray ports 122 corresponding to the spray ports 121 of the spray tube 100, so that the opening / closing control tube 101 rotates. The opening / closing degree of the spray port 121 of the spray tube 100 is adjusted by being rotated about the central axis of the circumference by the means.
さらに、上述した課題を解決するために、本発明の一実施形態による過熱低減方法は、過熱された蒸気が過熱低減装置蒸気流入部ｄから過熱低減チューブ３００内に流入する蒸気流入ステップと、過熱低減チューブ３００の内部を通って蒸気が移動される蒸気移動ステップと、スプレイチューブ１００の内部に水が給水される給水ステップと、スプレイチューブ１００を介して運ばれてきた水がオリフィス１１０を介して噴射される噴霧ステップと、過熱された蒸気と噴射された水とが過熱低減チューブ３００の内部において混合される混合ステップと、蒸気排出部ａを介して過熱の低減された蒸気を排出する排出ステップと、を含む。 Furthermore, in order to solve the above-described problem, the superheat reduction method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a steam inflow step in which superheated steam flows into the superheat reduction tube 300 from the superheat reduction device steam inflow portion d, A steam moving step in which steam is moved through the inside of the reduction tube 300, a water supply step in which water is supplied into the spray tube 100, and water carried through the spray tube 100 through the orifice 110. A spraying step to be jetted, a mixing step in which superheated steam and jetted water are mixed inside the superheat reducing tube 300, and a discharging step to discharge the steam with reduced superheat via the steam discharging part a. And including.
好ましくは、噴霧ステップにおけるオリフィス１１０は、少なくとも一つ以上の多孔性オリフィス１２０を含む。 Preferably, the orifice 110 in the spraying step includes at least one or more porous orifices 120.
また、好ましくは、混合ステップにおいては、スプレイチューブ１００よりも下流側の過熱低減チューブ３００に設けられたベンチュリ部において、過熱された蒸気と多孔性オリフィス１２０から噴射された水とが一緒に加速されて混合速度が増加する。 Preferably, in the mixing step, the superheated steam and the water jetted from the porous orifice 120 are accelerated together in the venturi portion provided in the superheat reduction tube 300 downstream of the spray tube 100. Increase the mixing speed.
さらに、好ましくは、蒸気移動ステップにおいて過熱された蒸気は、蒸気流入部ｄとスプレイチューブ１００との間の配設されたスプレイチューブ１００の内部に形成された突起２５０またはベーン２４０を通過しながら渦流が形成される。 Further, preferably, the steam superheated in the steam moving step is swirled while passing through the protrusion 250 or the vane 240 formed in the spray tube 100 disposed between the steam inflow portion d and the spray tube 100. Is formed.
本発明の一実施形態による過熱低減装置は、ベンチュリ部を設けることにより、ベンチュリ管の首部２２０を通過するときにベルヌーイの定理によって過熱蒸気の速度が約４倍増加して、噴霧された水と過熱蒸気との混合速度が増加して過熱蒸気の減温効果が向上するという効果がある。 The superheat reducing device according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided with a venturi portion, which increases the superheated steam speed by about four times according to Bernoulli's theorem when passing through the venturi neck 220, and The mixing speed with the superheated steam is increased, and the temperature reduction effect of the superheated steam is improved.
また、多数の噴霧口に水が噴霧される多孔性オリフィスを設けて水と過熱蒸気との接触表面を増やすことにより、水と過熱蒸気との混合作用が促されるという効果がある。 In addition, there is an effect that the mixing action of water and superheated steam is promoted by providing porous orifices through which water is sprayed at a large number of spray ports to increase the contact surface between water and superheated steam.
また、過熱低減チューブ３００内において均一に混合作用が起こることにより、過熱低減チューブ３００内において温度を測定するときに位置による測定温度の誤差を低減して、過熱低減チューブ３００内の温度を正確に測定でき、これにより、後続して流入する水の量が正確に決定されるという効果がある。 In addition, since the mixing action occurs uniformly in the overheat reduction tube 300, an error in the measurement temperature due to the position when the temperature is measured in the overheat reduction tube 300 is reduced, and the temperature in the overheat reduction tube 300 is accurately set. This has the effect that the amount of subsequently flowing water can be accurately determined.
さらに、過熱蒸気の蒸発速度が増加して、気化できずに過熱低減チューブ３００内に沈降する液滴の量を減らしてスプレイチューブ１００への流入が求められる水の量が顕著に低減されるという効果がある。 Furthermore, the evaporation rate of the superheated steam is increased, the amount of water that cannot be vaporized and settles in the superheat reducing tube 300 is reduced, and the amount of water required to flow into the spray tube 100 is significantly reduced. effective.
加えて、気化の遅延による液滴に起因する部分的な摩耗やショックなどを防いで、ブローダウン水撃などが予防されるという効果がある。 In addition, there is an effect that blowdown water hammer and the like are prevented by preventing partial wear and shock caused by droplets due to vaporization delay.
最後に、過熱蒸気と水との混合過程が起こる管内の長さが顕著に短縮されることにより過熱低減装置が全体的に小型化される結果、空間活用性が高くなるという効果がある。 Finally, the length of the tube in which the mixing process of superheated steam and water occurs is significantly shortened, so that the overheat reducing device is reduced in size as a whole, resulting in high space utilization.
以下、添付図面に基づき、本発明による水噴霧型過熱低減装置について詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, a water spray type overheat reduction device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
図２は、本発明の一実施形態による過熱低減装置の主な構成を示す要部断面図であり、図３および図４は、本発明の一実施形態による過熱低減装置のスプレイチューブ１００および過熱低減チューブ３００を示す断面図である。 FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the main part showing the main configuration of the overheat reduction device according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 and 4 show the spray tube 100 and overheat of the overheat reduction device according to one embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a reduction tube 300. FIG.
図２から図４に示すように、過熱低減チューブ３００は、内側が中空であり、その空間に過熱された蒸気が運ばれる。過熱蒸気が進行する方向を基準として、蒸気排出部ａ側を下流側とし、蒸気流入部ｄ側を上流側とする。 As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the superheat reducing tube 300 is hollow inside, and the superheated steam is carried into the space. Based on the direction in which the superheated steam travels, the steam discharge part a side is the downstream side, and the steam inflow part d side is the upstream side.
過熱低減チューブ３００の一端は、他の配管から過熱蒸気が流入する蒸気流入部ｄであり、他端は、空気が排出される蒸気排出部ａである。両端は、他の配管などに締め付け易いように構成される。 One end of the overheat reduction tube 300 is a steam inflow portion d through which superheated steam flows from another pipe, and the other end is a steam discharge portion a through which air is discharged. Both ends are configured to be easily tightened to other piping.
過熱低減チューブ３００の上部から下方に向かって垂直にスプレイチューブ１００の一端が過熱低減チューブ３００の内部に位置するように嵌まり込む。このとき、あまりにも嵌まりが深すぎると、蒸気の流れが妨げられ、あまりにも嵌まりが浅すぎると、水の上部への噴霧効果が減るため、噴霧手段が過熱低減チューブ３００の垂直断面における中央に位置するように嵌まり込められることが好ましい。 The spray tube 100 is fitted so that one end of the spray tube 100 is positioned inside the overheat reduction tube 300 vertically from the upper part of the overheat reduction tube 300 downward. At this time, if the fitting is too deep, the flow of the steam is hindered, and if the fitting is too shallow, the spraying effect on the upper part of the water is reduced. It is preferable to be fitted so as to be located in the center.
過熱低減チューブ３００の内部には、嵌まり込んだスプレイチューブ１００を基準として下流側に蒸気加速化のためのベンチュリ部が配設される。図２に示すように、ベンチュリ部は過熱低減チューブ３００の内部にスリーブ２００状に設けられ、スリーブ２００の中間部の一部流路が狭くなるベンチュリ状を有する。スリーブ２００の一部にベンチュリ部が形成されたことだけではなく、過熱低減チューブ３００の内部にベンチュリ状の流路が形成されてもよい。なお、ベンチュリ部は、ベンチュリ入口部２１０、首部２２０およびベンチュリ出口部２３０を有する。例えば、ベンチュリ入口部２１０の断面の直径は、上流側から下流側にかけて徐々に小さくなる。また、ベンチュリ出口部２３０の断面の直径は、上流側から下流側にかけて徐々に大きくなる。首部２２０の断面の直径は、ベンチュリ入口部２１０及びベンチュリ出口部２３０よりも小さい。さらに、ベンチュリ出口部２３０の長さは、ベンチュリ入口部２１０の長さよりも長くてよい。 Inside the overheat reducing tube 300, a venturi portion for accelerating the steam is disposed on the downstream side with respect to the fitted spray tube 100 as a reference. As shown in FIG. 2, the venturi portion is provided in a sleeve 200 shape inside the overheat reducing tube 300, and has a venturi shape in which a partial flow path in the middle portion of the sleeve 200 is narrowed. Not only is the venturi part formed in a part of the sleeve 200, but a venturi-like flow path may be formed inside the overheat reducing tube 300. The venturi section has a venturi inlet section 210, a neck section 220, and a venturi outlet section 230. For example, the diameter of the cross section of the venturi inlet portion 210 gradually decreases from the upstream side to the downstream side. The diameter of the cross section of the venturi outlet 230 is gradually increased from the upstream side to the downstream side. The diameter of the cross section of the neck portion 220 is smaller than that of the venturi inlet portion 210 and the venturi outlet portion 230. Further, the length of the venturi outlet portion 230 may be longer than the length of the venturi inlet portion 210.
ベンチュリ部の首部２２０は、図２のｂより下流側に位置する直管部に比べて、その直径が小さいため、過熱蒸気の流速が増加し、究極的に噴霧水を微粒化させるとともに低温の噴霧水の蒸発を加速させて蒸気との混合作用を活発にする。 Since the neck portion 220 of the venturi portion is smaller in diameter than the straight pipe portion located on the downstream side of b in FIG. 2, the flow rate of superheated steam is increased, and the spray water is finally atomized and the low temperature is reduced. Accelerates evaporation of spray water and activates mixing with steam.
一方、スリーブ２００は、実施形態に応じて、ベンチュリ状またはリニア状の２種類が考えられる。すなわち、ベンチュリ状のスリーブ２００だけではなく、リニア状のスリーブ２００に後述するスプレイチューブ１００とその下位の構成要素を含める実施形態も考えられる。 On the other hand, the sleeve 200 can be of two types, a venturi shape or a linear shape, depending on the embodiment. In other words, not only the venturi-shaped sleeve 200 but also an embodiment in which the linear tube 200 includes a spray tube 100 (described later) and its lower components are conceivable.
図５および図６に示すように、蒸気流入部ｄとスプレイチューブ１００との間の空間（図２を基準としてｃとｄとの間の空間）の過熱低減チューブ３００の内壁またはスリーブ２００の内壁には、運ばれてきた過熱蒸気が渦流を形成して、後続する噴霧水との混合作用をより一層活発にするように突起２５０またはベーン２４０が配設されることが好ましい。 As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the inner wall of the overheat reducing tube 300 or the inner wall of the sleeve 200 in the space between the steam inlet d and the spray tube 100 (the space between c and d with reference to FIG. 2). In this case, it is preferable that the protrusion 250 or the vane 240 is disposed so that the superheated steam that is carried forms a vortex and the mixing action with the subsequent spray water is further activated.
一方、スプレイチューブ１００は、上端には冷却水供給管が接続され、下端は閉鎖された筒状であることが好ましい。スプレイチューブ１００の下端の形状に制限はなく、平らであってもよく、半円球状であってもよい。 On the other hand, it is preferable that the spray tube 100 has a cylindrical shape in which a cooling water supply pipe is connected to the upper end and the lower end is closed. There is no restriction | limiting in the shape of the lower end of the spray tube 100, Flat may be sufficient and a semicircle may be sufficient.
スプレイチューブ１００は、図３および図４に示すように、下端の隣に配設され、過熱低減チューブ３００の内部に水を噴霧する噴霧手段を有する。噴霧手段としては、従来のスプレイチューブ１００においてはスプレイノズルを主として採用したが、本発明においては、図３に示すように、オリフィス１１０を設けることが考えられる。 As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the spray tube 100 is disposed next to the lower end, and has spraying means for spraying water inside the overheat reducing tube 300. As the spraying means, the spray nozzle is mainly employed in the conventional spray tube 100, but in the present invention, it is conceivable to provide an orifice 110 as shown in FIG.
また、混合作用をより一層促すために、噴霧手段は、図４に示すように、多数の噴霧口１２１付き多孔性オリフィス１２０を有することが考えられる。多孔性オリフィス１２０を介して水が噴霧されるとき、水と蒸気とが接触する表面積がさらに大きく、より均一に水が噴射されるので、水と蒸気との混合作用が促進される。 In order to further promote the mixing action, it is conceivable that the spray means has a plurality of porous orifices 120 with spray ports 121 as shown in FIG. When water is sprayed through the porous orifice 120, the surface area where the water and the steam come into contact with each other is larger, and the water is sprayed more uniformly, thereby promoting the mixing action of the water and the steam.
一方、図７に示すように、多孔性オリフィス１２０は、多数の噴霧口１２１を含む。多数の噴霧口１２１は、スプレイチューブ１００の円周面の所定の面積に亘って均一に分布する。所定の面積を噴霧面とし、図７に点線にて示す。 On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, the porous orifice 120 includes a number of spray ports 121. A large number of spray ports 121 are uniformly distributed over a predetermined area of the circumferential surface of the spray tube 100. A predetermined area is defined as a spray surface, which is indicated by a dotted line in FIG.
噴霧面は複数設けられ、その配置形状に制限はないが、スプレイチューブ１００の円周面の平面展開図において、円形状や四角形状に配置されることが好ましい。 A plurality of spray surfaces are provided, and the arrangement shape is not limited. However, in the plan development view of the circumferential surface of the spray tube 100, it is preferable to arrange the spray surfaces in a circular shape or a quadrangular shape.
噴霧手段は、少なくとも一つ以上の多孔性オリフィス１２０を有する。一つ以上の多孔性オリフィス１２０は種々に配設可能であるが、曲げモーメントを最小化させるように、図４に示すように、過熱低減チューブ３００内に嵌まり込んだスプレイチューブ１００の嵌込部分を基準として上下方向に離間して配設されることが好ましい。 The spray means has at least one or more porous orifices 120. The one or more porous orifices 120 can be variously arranged, but the fitting of the spray tube 100 fitted in the overheat reducing tube 300 as shown in FIG. 4 to minimize the bending moment. It is preferable that they are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction with respect to the portion.
スプレイチューブ１００の垂直断面を見ると、図８に示すように、噴霧口１２１は、スプレイチューブ１００の円周面の下流側に放射状に穿孔されており、穿孔方向は、円周の中心に向かうことを特徴とする。放射状に穿孔することにより、直線状に穿孔するときよりも広い空間に水を噴霧することができる。図８において、θは０°以上９０°以下であることが好ましい。 When the vertical cross section of the spray tube 100 is viewed, as shown in FIG. 8, the spray ports 121 are radially perforated on the downstream side of the circumferential surface of the spray tube 100, and the perforation direction is toward the center of the circumference. It is characterized by that. By perforating radially, water can be sprayed in a wider space than when perforating linearly. In FIG. 8, it is preferable that (theta) is 0 degree or more and 90 degrees or less.
また、円周面の前面、すなわち、下流側の半円周面の全体に亘って放射状に穿孔してもよく、一部のみを穿孔してもよい。 Further, the front surface of the circumferential surface, that is, the entire downstream semicircular surface may be perforated radially, or only a part may be perforated.
多孔性オリフィス１２０の多数の噴霧口１２１は、図７に示すように、下部から上部に進むにつれて噴霧口１２１の直径が大きくなることが好ましい。一つの多孔性オリフィス１２０内だけではなく、複数のオリフィスが上下に存在するとき、複数の多孔性オリフィス１２０の全体をみても、上部に進むにつれて噴霧口１２１の直径が大きくなることが好ましい。 As shown in FIG. 7, it is preferable that the diameter of the spray port 121 becomes large as the spray port 121 of the porous orifice 120 progresses from the lower part to the upper part. When not only one porous orifice 120 but also a plurality of upper and lower orifices are present, it is preferable that the diameter of the spray port 121 increases as it goes upward, even if the whole of the plurality of porous orifices 120 is viewed.
これは、上部に配設された噴霧口１２１の場合、下部に配設された噴霧口１２１に比べて、噴霧水が過熱低減チューブ３００内部において移動するに当たって、重力の影響を考慮すると、周りの過熱蒸気との熱交換が行われる移動時間および移動距離が増加するためである。一般に、噴霧水の粒子が大きい場合、減温効率は高いが、混合効率が低いという問題があるが、本発明の場合、噴霧口１２１の直径を上部に進むにつれて大きくすることにより、減温効率および混合効率を両方とも高めることができる。 This is because, in the case of the spray port 121 disposed in the upper part, when the spray water moves in the overheat reducing tube 300 in comparison with the spray port 121 disposed in the lower part, This is because the travel time and travel distance for heat exchange with the superheated steam increase. In general, when the spray water particles are large, the temperature reduction efficiency is high, but there is a problem that the mixing efficiency is low. In the present invention, the temperature reduction efficiency is increased by increasing the diameter of the spray port 121 as it goes upward. And both mixing efficiency can be increased.
また、噴霧口１２１の直径を調節する噴霧口直径調節手段を設けることが好ましい。噴霧口直径調節手段は、各噴霧口１２１の直径を調節することにより、過熱蒸気の温度に適した運転が行われる。 Moreover, it is preferable to provide a spray port diameter adjusting means for adjusting the diameter of the spray port 121. The spray port diameter adjusting means adjusts the diameter of each spray port 121 to perform an operation suitable for the temperature of the superheated steam.
過熱蒸気の温度が非常に高い場合、噴霧口１２１の直径を大きくすることにより、噴霧量および噴霧水の粒子径を増やすことができる。一般に、噴霧口１２１の直径が制限される場合には、噴霧圧力を高めて噴霧量をやや増やすことができるが、噴霧水の粒子径を増大させることには限界があるため、結果的に、噴霧量の増大にも限界がある。 When the temperature of the superheated steam is very high, the spray amount and the particle diameter of the spray water can be increased by increasing the diameter of the spray port 121. In general, when the diameter of the spray port 121 is limited, the spray pressure can be increased to slightly increase the spray amount, but there is a limit to increasing the particle diameter of the spray water, and as a result, There is a limit to the increase in the spray amount.
逆に、過熱蒸気の温度が高くない場合、噴霧口１２１の直径を小さくすることにより噴霧量を減らすとともに、噴霧水の粒子径を縮小することができる。過熱蒸気の温度が高くない場合には、混合効率が高くないため、噴霧量を減らしても液滴の発生する可能性が高い。本発明では、噴霧水の粒子径を小さくすることにより、混合効率を高めて液滴の発生による問題点を防ぐことができる。 On the contrary, when the temperature of the superheated steam is not high, the spray amount can be reduced by reducing the diameter of the spray port 121, and the particle diameter of the spray water can be reduced. When the temperature of the superheated steam is not high, since the mixing efficiency is not high, there is a high possibility that droplets are generated even if the spray amount is reduced. In the present invention, by reducing the particle diameter of the spray water, it is possible to increase the mixing efficiency and prevent problems due to the generation of droplets.
噴霧口直径調節手段の実施形態として、図９に示すように、スプレイチューブ１００の内部に配設され、スプレイチューブ１００よりも小さい直径を有するとともに、末端が開放された開閉調節チューブ１０１をさらに有することが考えられる。 As an embodiment of the spray port diameter adjusting means, as shown in FIG. 9, the spray port diameter adjusting means further includes an opening / closing adjusting tube 101 which is disposed inside the spray tube 100 and has a smaller diameter than the spray tube 100 and whose end is opened. It is possible.
開閉調節チューブ１０１は、スプレイチューブ１００と接触し、スプレイチューブ１００の噴霧口１２１と同じ形状の噴霧口１２２を円周面に有する。 The opening / closing adjustment tube 101 is in contact with the spray tube 100 and has a spray port 122 having the same shape as the spray port 121 of the spray tube 100 on the circumferential surface.
開閉調節チューブ１０１が回転手段によって回転されることにより、スプレイチューブ１００の噴霧口１２１の開閉度を調節することができる。 The opening / closing adjustment tube 101 is rotated by the rotating means, whereby the opening / closing degree of the spray port 121 of the spray tube 100 can be adjusted.
開閉度は、スプレイチューブ１００の噴霧口１２１と開閉調節チューブ１０１の噴霧口１２２とが完全に重なり合ったときに最大であり、スプレイチューブ１００の噴霧口１２１と開閉調節チューブ１０１の噴霧口１２２とが完全にずれているときに最小である。 The opening / closing degree is maximum when the spray port 121 of the spray tube 100 and the spray port 122 of the open / close adjustment tube 101 are completely overlapped, and the spray port 121 of the spray tube 100 and the spray port 122 of the open / close control tube 101 are Minimal when completely displaced.
また、開閉調節チューブ１０１の上端は弁またはアクチュエータなどの回転手段に接続されて回転度が制御される。 Further, the upper end of the open / close adjustment tube 101 is connected to a rotating means such as a valve or an actuator to control the degree of rotation.
本発明の好適な実施形態を説明するために用いられた位置関係は、添付図面を中心として説明されたものであり、実施態様に応じてその位置関係が変わってくる。 The positional relationship used to describe a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the positional relationship varies depending on the embodiment.
また、別途に断りのない限り、技術的または科学的な用語をはじめとして本発明において用いられる全ての用語は、本発明が属する技術分野において通常の知識を有する者によって一般的に理解されるものと同じ意味を有しているといえる。なお、本願において明らかに定義しない限り、理想的または過度に形式的な意味として解釈されてはならない。 Unless otherwise noted, all terms used in the present invention, including technical or scientific terms, are generally understood by those having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. It can be said that it has the same meaning. Unless explicitly defined in the present application, it should not be interpreted as an ideal or excessively formal meaning.
以上、本発明の好適な実施形態を挙げて説明したが、実施形態はもちろん、本発明に既存の公知の技術を単に組み合わせたり、本発明を単に変形したりした実施形態もまた当然のことながら本発明の権利範囲に属するものであると認められる。 The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and it should be understood that embodiments in which the present invention is simply combined with the present invention or the present invention is simply modified are naturally also included. It is recognized that it belongs to the scope of rights of the present invention.
１００：スプレイチューブ
１０１：開閉調節チューブ
１１０：オリフィス
１２０：多孔性オリフィス
１２１：噴霧口
２００：スリーブ
２１０：ベンチュリ入口部
２２０：首部
２３０：ベンチュリ出口部
２４０：ベーン
２５０：突起
３００：過熱低減チューブ
100: Spray tube 101: Opening / closing adjustment tube 110: Orifice 120: Porous orifice 121: Spray port 200: Sleeve 210: Venturi inlet portion 220: Neck portion 230: Venturi outlet portion 240: Vane 250: Protrusion 300: Overheat reducing tube
Claims (14)
前記過熱低減チューブの上部から下方に向かって挿通されるスプレイチューブと、
を備え、
前記過熱低減チューブは、前記スプレイチューブよりも下流側において、前記過熱蒸気を加速するためのベンチュリ部を有し、
前記スプレイチューブは、前記過熱低減チューブ内に嵌まり込み、前記過熱低減チューブの内部に、前記過熱蒸気と混合作用を引き起こす水を噴射する噴霧手段を有し、
前記噴霧手段は、少なくとも一つ以上のオリフィスを含む過熱低減装置。 A superheat reduction tube through which superheated steam moves,
A spray tube inserted downward from an upper portion of the overheat reducing tube;
With
The superheat reduction tube has a venturi portion for accelerating the superheated steam on the downstream side of the spray tube,
The spray tube has spray means that fits into the superheat reduction tube, and sprays water that causes mixing action with the superheated steam inside the superheat reduction tube,
The spraying means is an overheat reducing device including at least one orifice.
前記過熱低減チューブの上部から下方に向かって挿通されるスプレイチューブと、
を備え、
前記過熱低減チューブは、前記過熱低減チューブの内部において、圧力の降下を防ぐリニアスリーブを有し、
前記スプレイチューブは、前記過熱低減チューブ内に嵌まり込み、前記過熱低減チューブの内部に、前記過熱蒸気と混合作用を引き起こす水を噴射する噴霧手段を有し、
前記噴霧手段は、少なくとも一つ以上のオリフィスを含む過熱低減装置。 A superheat reduction tube through which superheated steam moves,
A spray tube inserted downward from an upper portion of the overheat reducing tube;
With
The overheat reducing tube has a linear sleeve that prevents a pressure drop inside the overheat reducing tube,
The spray tube has spray means that fits into the superheat reduction tube, and sprays water that causes mixing action with the superheated steam inside the superheat reduction tube,
The spraying means is an overheat reducing device including at least one orifice.
前記過熱低減チューブの蒸気流入部と前記スプレイチューブとの間の前記過熱低減チューブの内部において、渦流を形成するベーンまたは突起を有する請求項１から３のいずれか一項に記載の過熱低減装置。 The overheat reducing tube is
The overheat reduction device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a vane or a protrusion that forms a vortex inside the overheat reduction tube between the steam inflow portion of the overheat reduction tube and the spray tube.
各々の前記多孔性オリフィスの噴霧面は、互いに離間して独立した領域を形成する請求項５に記載の過熱低減装置。 A plurality of the porous orifices are provided in the lower part of the spray tube so as to be spaced apart from each other vertically
The overheat reduction device according to claim 5, wherein the spray surfaces of each of the porous orifices are separated from each other to form independent regions.
前記複数の噴霧口は、前記スプレイチューブの円周面の下流側に放射状に配設され、
前記複数の噴霧口の穿孔方向は、前記スプレイチューブの円周の中心に向かう請求項３、５、６および７のいずれか一項に記載の過熱低減装置。 The spray tube is cylindrical,
The plurality of spray ports are arranged radially on the downstream side of the circumferential surface of the spray tube,
The overheating reduction device according to any one of claims 3, 5, 6, and 7, wherein a perforation direction of the plurality of spray ports is directed toward a center of a circumference of the spray tube.
前記開閉調節チューブは、外周面が前記スプレイチューブの内周面と接触し、前記スプレイチューブの噴霧口と対応する複数の噴霧口を有し、
前記開閉調節チューブを回転手段によって回転させることにより、前記スプレイチューブの噴霧口の開閉度を調節する請求項３、５、６および７のいずれか一項に記載の過熱低減装置。 An opening / closing adjustment tube disposed inside the spray tube, having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the spray tube, and having an open end;
The opening / closing adjustment tube has a plurality of spray ports corresponding to the spray ports of the spray tube, the outer peripheral surface of which is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the spray tube,
The overheat reducing device according to any one of claims 3, 5, 6, and 7, wherein the opening / closing adjustment tube is rotated by a rotating means to adjust an opening / closing degree of a spray port of the spray tube.
前記過熱低減チューブの内部を通って前記過熱蒸気が移動する蒸気移動ステップと、
スプレイチューブの内部に水が給水される給水ステップと、
前記スプレイチューブを介して給水された水がオリフィスを介して噴射される噴霧ステップと、
前記過熱蒸気と噴射された前記水とが前記過熱低減チューブの内部において混合される混合ステップと、
蒸気排出部を介して過熱の低減された蒸気を排出する排出ステップと、
を含む過熱低減方法。 A steam inflow step in which superheated steam flows into the superheat reduction tube from the superheat reduction device steam inflow section;
A steam moving step in which the superheated steam moves through the superheat reduction tube;
A water supply step in which water is supplied to the inside of the spray tube;
A spraying step in which water supplied through the spray tube is jetted through an orifice;
A mixing step in which the superheated steam and the jetted water are mixed inside the superheat reduction tube;
A discharge step of discharging steam with reduced superheat through the steam discharge section;
A method for reducing overheating.
前記スプレイチューブよりも下流側の前記過熱低減チューブに設けられたベンチュリ部により、前記過熱蒸気と前記多孔性オリフィスから噴射された水とが一緒に加速されて混合速度が増加する請求項１２に記載の過熱低減方法。 In the mixing step,
The mixing speed increases according to claim 12, wherein the superheated steam and water injected from the porous orifice are accelerated together by a venturi portion provided in the superheat reduction tube downstream of the spray tube. Overheating reduction method.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| KR1020140036957A KR101538621B1 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2014-03-28 | a device of water spray type desuperheater and a method thereof |
| KR10-2014-0036860 | 2014-03-28 | ||
| KR10-2014-0036957 | 2014-03-28 | ||
| KR1020140036860A KR101538626B1 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2014-03-28 | a device of water spray type desuperheater and a method thereof |
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| JP6427815B2 JP6427815B2 (en) | 2018-11-28 |
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| US11346545B2 (en) | 2018-11-09 | 2022-05-31 | Fisher Controls International Llc | Spray heads for use with desuperheaters and desuperheaters including such spray heads |
| US11454390B2 (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2022-09-27 | Fisher Controls International Llc | Spray heads for use with desuperheaters and desuperheaters including such spray heads |
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| CN111174019B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-10-08 | 浙江大学 | Device and method for cooperatively adjusting steam pressure and temperature |
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| JP6427815B2 (en) | 2018-11-28 |
| EP2924356A1 (en) | 2015-09-30 |
| CN104949103A (en) | 2015-09-30 |
| EP2924356B1 (en) | 2017-07-26 |
| CN104949103B (en) | 2017-09-19 |
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