JP2015182017A - low-energy electromagnetic wave reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a low-energy electromagnetic wave reactor with which a reaction raw material can be effectively irradiated with a low-energy electromagnetic wave of a wide frequency band, in which the reaction raw material is easily loaded, and which can improve pressure resistance, efficiency and safety of reaction.SOLUTION: A low-energy electromagnetic wave reactor includes: a low-energy electromagnetic wave oscillation unit 2 of a low-energy electromagnetic wave variable frequency type which outputs a low-energy electromagnetic wave of a frequency of the whole or a partial frequency band in 0.03 to 300 GHz band, a low-energy electromagnetic wave transmission unit 3 which transmits the low-energy electromagnetic wave from the low-energy electromagnetic wave oscillation unit 2, and a low-energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit 4 which irradiates a reaction raw material loaded in a reaction raw material loading space 8 with a low-energy electromagnetic wave from the low-energy electromagnetic wave oscillation unit 3. The reaction raw material loading space 8 is formed of a bottomed cylindrical body 7 having a columnar space extending in the vertical direction.

Description

  The present invention relates to a low energy electromagnetic wave reaction device capable of effectively irradiating low energy electromagnetic waves in a wide frequency band.

  Microwaves are a kind of electromagnetic waves, like X-rays and ultraviolet rays, but have lower energy levels than infrared rays (wavelength 0.7 μm to 1 mm) and are easy to handle. As widely used. In addition, since low energy electromagnetic waves such as microwaves have a heating action, they can be used as a heat source. For example, microwave ovens are already widely used and used in general homes. On the other hand, attempts to industrially use low-energy electromagnetic waves as a heating source are also active. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a vacuum, drying / concentration apparatus using microwave heating.

JP 2008-12451 A

  By the way, in normal heating, direct fire such as gas or heavy oil, steam, resistance heating, IH (induction heating) or the like is generally used as a heating source. In these normal heatings, the heating source is high in any case, and this heat is transferred to the low-temperature heating object by heat transfer. In heating by this heat transfer, there is a limit to the heating rate of the object to be heated due to restrictions on the heat transfer coefficient, etc., and avoid the occurrence of a significant temperature gradient between the heating source and the object to be heated or in the object to be heated. It is not easy. On the other hand, in the case of a low energy electromagnetic wave, the irradiated low energy electromagnetic wave itself is cold, but when the heating object absorbs this low energy electromagnetic wave, the absorbed energy is directly converted into heat in the heating object, Heat is generated and the temperature rises quickly. For this reason, low-energy electromagnetic wave heating has a very high temperature rising rate, and the entire object to be heated generates heat all at once, so that the temperature inside the object is relatively uniform.

  In this way, low-energy electromagnetic heating is different from normal heating in terms of the heating principle or its characteristics, and as a result, various effects that can be attributed to these (for example, significant reduction in reaction time and improvement in product quality). Etc.) are observed to occur in a number of reactions.

  Despite the low energy level, when a low energy electromagnetic wave is used as a heating source, various effects such as a greatly shortened reaction time and improved product quality are expected as compared with normal heating. However, a clear mechanism has yet to be clarified as to why such an effect is manifested. However, most of the effect is expected to be due to the microspot-like overheating generated in the reaction field. That is, in the case of low energy electromagnetic wave heating, each substance has a different heating state based on its molecular structure, and therefore a portion that is very easily heated and a portion that is difficult to be heated appear in the same reaction system. Therefore, although the average temperature of the entire reaction system is low, a high temperature portion appears locally, and the reaction is accelerated in this portion, so it is assumed that a large effect is produced compared to conventional heating. The

  By the way, the frequency of the microwave used as a heating source among the low energy electromagnetic waves having a frequency of about 0.03 to 300 GHz whose energy level is lower than that of infrared rays has been limited to about 2.45 GHz so far. . The frequency is fixed in this way because it is economical, that is, 2.45 GHz microwave oscillator (magnetron) is the cheapest. Furthermore, regarding this price, the 2.45 GHz magnetron is produced in large quantities and thus cheap, so it has an egg-like relationship with chickens. In other words, with respect to oscillators with other frequencies, if the number of production increases, it is expected that the same low price as in the case of 2.45 GHz will be realized.

  Now, the effects of using low-energy electromagnetic waves in chemical reactions and the like have been clarified one after another through basic experiments, and the momentum for actually utilizing them in the industry is increasing. In such momentum, interest in microwave frequencies different from 2.45 GHz is simultaneously increasing. In other words, various investigations and investigations have been made on the heating characteristics of 2.45 GHz electromagnetic waves of low energy that have been used almost exclusively until now. The heating effect of low-energy electromagnetic waves of high frequency or high frequency was expected and expected. However, as already described, it is not easy to obtain and use a low-energy electromagnetic wave heating reactor equipped with an oscillator having a frequency other than 2.45 GHz. Moreover, while being able to carry out filling of the reaction raw material easily, improvement of pressure resistance, efficiency of reaction, improvement of safety, etc. are required.

  The present invention was made in view of the circumstances as described above, and can effectively irradiate the reaction raw material with low-energy electromagnetic waves in a wide frequency band, and can easily carry out the filling of the reaction raw material, An object of the present invention is to provide a low-energy electromagnetic wave reaction device capable of improving pressure resistance, improving reaction efficiency, improving safety, and the like.

In order to achieve the above object, a low energy electromagnetic wave reaction device according to the present invention comprises:
A low energy electromagnetic wave reaction device that irradiates a reaction raw material with a low energy electromagnetic wave and heats the reaction raw material,
A low-energy electromagnetic wave frequency variable type low-energy electromagnetic wave oscillation unit that outputs low-energy electromagnetic waves having a frequency in the whole or part of the 0.03-300 GHz band;
A low energy electromagnetic wave transmission unit for transmitting the low energy electromagnetic wave output from the low energy electromagnetic wave oscillation unit;
A low-energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit for irradiating a low-energy electromagnetic wave from the low-energy electromagnetic wave transmission unit with a reactive raw material filling space for filling the reactive raw material, Prepared,
The reaction raw material filling space is formed by a bottomed cylindrical body having a cylindrical space portion extending in the vertical direction.

  In the present invention, it is preferable that the low energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit has an outer conductor and an inner conductor having a coaxial structure, and the inner conductor is arranged orthogonally in the reaction material filling space (second invention).

  In the present invention, it is preferable that the inner conductor is placed at a position where the inner conductor is buried in the reaction raw material filled in the reaction raw material filling space (third invention).

  In the present invention, it is preferable that an impedance adjustment block is inserted in the gap between the outer conductor and the inner conductor (fourth invention).

In the present invention, low-energy electromagnetic waves having frequencies in the whole or part of the 0.03-300 GHz band output from the low-energy electromagnetic wave oscillation unit are transmitted to the low-energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit through the low-energy electromagnetic wave transmission unit. Is done. In the low energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit, the low energy electromagnetic wave transmitted through the low energy electromagnetic wave transmission unit is irradiated to the reaction raw material filled in the reaction raw material filling space. Therefore, it is possible to effectively irradiate the reaction raw material with low energy electromagnetic waves in a wide frequency band.
In addition, since the reaction raw material filling space is formed by a bottomed cylindrical body having a cylindrical space portion extending in the vertical direction, the reaction raw material can be easily charged, and the pressure resistance is improved and the reaction efficiency is increased. And safety improvement can be achieved.

  By adopting the configuration of the second invention, low energy electromagnetic waves in a wide frequency band can be smoothly transmitted to the reaction raw material side, and mechanical stirring of the reaction raw material in the reaction raw material filling space is also possible. Efficiency and quantification are improved.

  By adopting the configuration of the third invention, the low energy electromagnetic wave irradiated to the reaction raw material filling space is efficiently absorbed by the reaction raw material and the reactivity is improved.

  By adopting the configuration of the fourth invention, the reaction material filling space is irradiated with the low energy electromagnetic wave without causing the irradiation failure of the low energy electromagnetic wave of all or a part of the frequency band of 0.03 to 300 GHz. Is possible.

It is a figure showing typically the low energy electromagnetic wave reaction device concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a graph which shows the simulation result of the reflectance which concerns on the performance of a low energy electromagnetic wave reaction apparatus. It is explanatory drawing of the Example of a low energy electromagnetic wave reaction apparatus.

  Next, specific embodiments of the low energy electromagnetic wave reaction device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

<Overview of low-energy electromagnetic wave reactor>
As shown in FIG. 1, the low energy electromagnetic wave reaction device 1 according to the present embodiment irradiates the reaction raw material with the low energy electromagnetic wave and heat-reacts the reaction raw material. A low-energy electromagnetic wave oscillation unit 2, a low-energy electromagnetic wave transmission unit 3 for guiding the low-energy electromagnetic wave to the reaction system, and a pressure-resistant low-energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit 4 that irradiates the reaction raw material with the low-energy electromagnetic wave are configured. ing.

<Description of low energy electromagnetic wave oscillation unit>
The low energy electromagnetic wave oscillation unit 2 outputs a low energy electromagnetic wave having a frequency of all or a part of a band of 0.03 to 300 GHz, and serves as a low energy electromagnetic wave generator for outputting the low energy electromagnetic wave. There are oscillating tube systems such as magnetron and klystron, and various semiconductor systems, and any system can be used. However, a semiconductor system that can take a wide variable frequency band of the output low-energy electromagnetic wave is particularly preferable. In addition, the variable band of the frequency of the low energy electromagnetic wave to be output is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the output of a bandwidth of about 0.5 GHz or more can be controlled.
In this low energy electromagnetic wave oscillation unit 2, the low energy electromagnetic wave set and controlled to an arbitrary frequency in the variable frequency band is transmitted to the low energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit 4 through the low energy electromagnetic wave transmission unit 3.

<Description of low energy electromagnetic wave transmission unit>
It is important that the low energy electromagnetic wave transmission unit 3 can transmit the low energy electromagnetic wave output from the low energy electromagnetic wave oscillation unit 2 to the low energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit 4 without substantially attenuating, and is guided as a transmission path therefor. A tube or a coaxial line is common. Which transmission method is used is not particularly limited, but in the case of a waveguide, there is a cutoff frequency that cannot be physically transmitted, so the frequency that can be transmitted is limited. Therefore, the low energy electromagnetic wave transmission unit 3 is more preferable.

<Description of low energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit and reaction material filling space>
The low-energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit 4 is configured by combining an outer conductor 5 and an inner conductor 6 that have a coaxial structure and extend in the horizontal direction, and a bottomed cylindrical body 7 having a cylindrical space portion that extends in the vertical direction. .
The outer conductor 5 and the inner conductor 6 are arranged orthogonal to the bottomed cylinder 7 at a position appropriately above the bottom surface of the bottomed cylinder 7. The cylindrical space portion of the bottomed cylindrical body 7 is a reaction raw material filling space 8 for filling the reaction raw material and performing a reaction treatment. A stirrer 9 or the like is disposed in the bottom of the bottomed cylindrical body 7, and by stirring operation using the stirrer 9 or the like, uneven distribution of reaction raw materials in the circumferential direction is suppressed, and the reaction is homogenized and quantified. Can be improved.
The upper opening of the bottomed cylinder 7 is detachably closed by a lid 10, and a pipe with a pressure-resistant valve 11 is connected to the lid 10 so that it can communicate with the reaction material filling space 8. Has been.

<Description of impedance adjustment block>
When low energy electromagnetic waves from the low energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit 4 are irradiated to the reaction raw material filled in the reaction raw material filling space 8, the irradiation failure (reflectance of the reflectance) on the boundary surface based on the difference in physical property values between the two. Increase) is likely to occur. Therefore, in order to avoid and suppress such inconvenience, the impedance adjustment block 12 having a material and / or shape for suppressing a sudden change in physical property value is connected to the outer conductor 5 and the inner conductor 6 in the low energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit 4. It is preferable to place it in the gap between the conductors 5 and 6 so as to be coaxial. Thereby, low energy electromagnetic waves are smoothly transmitted and absorbed to the reaction raw material side, and irradiation defects such as an increase in reflected waves at the reaction raw material interface are suppressed.
As the constituent material of the impedance adjustment block 12, for example, an insulating material is suitable. The shape of the impedance adjustment block 12 is a cylindrical body portion that is coaxial with the conductors 5 and 6, and a reaction to the front end side of the body portion. A shape having a conical or hemispherical head inserted into the raw material filling space 8 is suitable.

<Description of reaction example in low energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit>
The low energy electromagnetic wave irradiated from the low energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit 4 is irradiated to the reaction raw material in the reaction raw material filling space 8. The kind of reaction performed here is not specifically limited and is arbitrary. However, various solution reactions using water or an organic solvent, or a slurry reaction in which solids are mixed in these solutions are particularly preferable reaction examples. In these reactions, when the temperature rises due to irradiation with low-energy electromagnetic waves, the vapor pressure of the solvent rises and evaporation is activated. In order to suppress the dissipation of the solvent due to such evaporation, it is preferable that the entire low energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit 4 including the bottomed cylindrical body 7 constituting the reaction raw material filling space 8 has a pressure-resistant airtight structure. These withstand pressures, that is, the maximum pressure that can be used are, for example, preferably 1 MPa or more, and more preferably 10 MPa.

  The amount of reaction raw material charged into the reaction raw material filling space 8 is set to be not less than the height at which the inner conductor 6 of the low energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit 4 is buried in order to suppress inconveniences such as irradiation failure at the time of low energy electromagnetic wave irradiation. preferable. When the raw material filling height is lower than the height position of the inner conductor 6, inconveniences such as an increase in the reflectance of the irradiated low-energy electromagnetic wave are likely to be induced, and the reaction efficiency is lowered.

<Description of effects>
In the low energy electromagnetic wave reaction device 1 configured as described above, the low energy electromagnetic wave oscillation unit 2 generates and amplifies an arbitrary low energy electromagnetic wave in the frequency range of 0.03 to 300 GHz. The generated low energy electromagnetic wave is transmitted to the low energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit 4 through the low energy electromagnetic wave transmission unit 3. In the low energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit 4, the low energy electromagnetic wave is irradiated to the reaction raw material filled in the reaction raw material filling space 8. Here, by maintaining the insertion height of the impedance adjustment block 12 or the filling height of the reaction raw material at a higher position than the inner conductor 6 of the low energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit 4, the low energy electromagnetic wave is more effectively irradiated to the reaction raw material. Will be. On the other hand, as a result of the outer conductor 5 and the inner conductor 6 in the low energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit 4 being placed orthogonally with respect to the bottomed cylindrical body at an appropriate upper position from the bottom surface of the bottomed cylindrical body 7, Stirring operation using the stirrer 9 or the like on the bottom surface becomes possible, and the reaction is made uniform and quantitative.
Moreover, since the reaction raw material filling space 8 is formed by the bottomed cylindrical body 7 having a columnar space portion extending in the vertical direction, the reaction raw material can be easily charged, and the pressure resistance can be improved and the reaction can be improved. Efficiency and safety can be improved.

  As mentioned above, although the low energy electromagnetic wave reaction apparatus of this invention was demonstrated based on one embodiment, this invention is not limited to the structure described in the said embodiment, In the range which does not deviate from the meaning, the structure suitably Can be changed.

Next, specific examples of the low energy electromagnetic wave reaction apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 3, the reaction raw material filling space 8 in the bottomed cylindrical body 7 having an inner diameter of 25 mm is filled with water up to a height of 40 mm, and the inner conductor 6 and the inner conductor 6 in the low energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit 4 are provided. The graph which shows the simulation result of the reflectance at the time of irradiating the low energy electromagnetic wave of various frequencies by making the clearance gap with the inner wall surface of the bottom cylinder 7 2 mm is shown.
The vertical axis of the graph shown in FIG. 2 indicates the reflectance. The smaller the numerical value, the smaller the reflectance and the better. Here, it is shown that the reflectance is 10% (−10 in the graph) or less in a wide frequency band of 1.8 to 2.7 GHz, and the effectiveness of the device of the present invention can be confirmed.

  The low energy electromagnetic wave reaction device of the present invention can effectively irradiate the reaction raw material with low energy electromagnetic waves in a wide frequency band, and can easily carry out the filling of the reaction raw material, while improving the pressure resistance and the reaction. Since it has the feature of being able to improve efficiency, improve safety, etc., it can be suitably used for various chemical reactions and the like by low energy electromagnetic wave heating.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Low energy electromagnetic wave reaction apparatus 2 Low energy electromagnetic wave oscillation unit 3 Low energy electromagnetic wave transmission unit 4 Low energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit 5 External conductor 6 Internal conductor 7 Bottomed cylindrical body 8 Reacting material filling space 9 Stirrer 10 Lid 11 Pressure-resistant valve 12 Impedance adjustment block

Claims (4)

A low energy electromagnetic wave reaction device that irradiates a reaction raw material with a low energy electromagnetic wave and heats the reaction raw material,
A low-energy electromagnetic wave frequency variable type low-energy electromagnetic wave oscillation unit that outputs low-energy electromagnetic waves having a frequency in the whole or part of the 0.03-300 GHz band;
A low energy electromagnetic wave transmission unit for transmitting the low energy electromagnetic wave output from the low energy electromagnetic wave oscillation unit;
A low-energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit for irradiating a low-energy electromagnetic wave from the low-energy electromagnetic wave transmission unit with a reactive raw material filling space for filling the reactive raw material, Prepared,
The low-energy electromagnetic wave reaction apparatus characterized in that the reaction raw material filling space is formed by a bottomed cylindrical body having a cylindrical space portion extending in a vertical direction.   The low energy electromagnetic wave reaction device according to claim 1, wherein the low energy electromagnetic wave irradiation unit has an outer conductor and an inner conductor having a coaxial structure, and the inner conductor is disposed orthogonally to the reaction material filling space.   The low energy electromagnetic wave reaction device according to claim 2, wherein the inner conductor is placed at a position where the inner conductor is buried in the reaction raw material filled in the reaction raw material filling space. The low energy electromagnetic wave reaction device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein an impedance adjustment block is inserted in a gap between the outer conductor and the inner conductor.

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