JP2015177196A - magnetic antenna device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve such a problem of a minute loop antenna that since the radiation resistance is extremely small and the current is very large, a large current capacity, low loss capacitor is required for the matching capacitance, and the complicated antenna structure due to waterproof countermeasure is a factor of high cost.SOLUTION: In a linear conductor having circular shape, or the like, of a winding having both open ends, the number of turns is set larger than 1, not including 1, so that resonance takes place at a target frequency, thus eliminating the need for a capacitor. The winding may be spiral.

Description

The present invention relates to an antenna for wireless communication. In particular, an antenna suitable for use in a commercial area, a condominium, an apartment, a building, or the like in a commercial area or a residential area is provided.

"Introduction to Antenna Engineering" October 29, 2008, published by Naohisa Goto, Denpa Shimbun Antenna analysis software MMAN, “http://www33.ocn.ne.jp/˜je3hht/mmana/index.html” June 25, 2012 "Amateur antenna design method" July 15, 1996 by Jiro Okamoto, published by CQ Publisher

Conventionally, as a magnetic antenna,
159-169 pages, or As shown on pages 145 to 160, there are a micro loop antenna, a single wavelength loop antenna, and the like. As a modification of the half-wave dipole antenna, there is a square low antenna or a square loop antenna. In the micro loop antenna, the radiator is configured in a closed loop shape, and a capacitance is inserted in order to cancel the inductance component. On the other hand, since the 1-wavelength loop antenna and the square low antenna resonate only with the radiator of the antenna, an element for resonance is unnecessary. When performing shortwave radio communication in an environment where the installation location of an antenna is limited in a commercial area, a condominium, an apartment, a building, etc. in a commercial area, a micro loop antenna is mainly used.

On the other hand, since the radiation resistance of the micro loop antenna is extremely small and the current flowing through the radiator is very large, a capacitor having a large current capacity and a small loss is required for the capacitance for canceling the inductance component. In addition, since it is directly connected to the radiator, the structure of the antenna is complicated, waterproof measures are required, and this is a factor of high cost.
An object of the present invention is a loop-shaped magnetic antenna used when wireless communication is performed in an environment where an antenna is installed in a limited area such as a condominium, an apartment, or a building in a commercial area or a residential area, and requires a capacitance. It is to provide a magnetic antenna without the above.

The above problem is solved by the following method.
A wire or plate-like conductor having a circular, oval, polygonal shape, or a combination thereof, or a distorted shape of the open surface of the winding with both ends open, and the number of turns of the winding is 1. By making it larger than 1 without including the capacitor, the winding is resonated at a radio frequency, and a capacitor is unnecessary. The winding may be spiral or spiral.

N pieces (n is 2 or more) where the end points are the end points A and B in a part of the closed loop whose shape of the opening surface is circular, elliptical, polygonal, or a combination thereof, or a distorted shape thereof ) Are arranged in parallel with each other, and the end portions A of the adjacent conductors (n-1) and the conductors n are arranged with the cut portions closest to each other. By connecting the end points B for all n, the winding can be resonated at the radio frequency and a capacitor can be dispensed with.

In addition, n pieces (n is an incision in which the end points are the end points A and B are formed in a part of the closed loop having a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a polygonal shape, or a combination thereof, or a distorted shape thereof) 2 or more) linear conductors or plate conductors (similar to the conductor n, hereinafter the same) having different sizes of different sizes are arranged with the notch portions closest to each other with their centers aligned, and adjacent conductors ( By connecting the end point A of n-1) and the end point B of the conductor n for all n, the winding can resonate at the radio frequency and the capacitor can be made unnecessary.

5. The line conductor or plate conductor according to claim 2, wherein the line conductor or plate conductor has a spiral shape and has an end point 1 and an end point 2. 3. The same applies to the following, and the shape of the linear conductor or plate-shaped conductor from the end point 1 to the point 3 is the same as the shape of the linear conductor or plate-shaped conductor from the end point 2 to the point 3 It is possible to easily obtain a feeding point with a small amount of power.

As for the power feeding to the antenna according to the present invention, in order to match the characteristic impedance of the feeder with the transmission / reception device, as an impedance conversion method, a method based on partial feeding described below, a hairpin match, or a method similar to a hairpin match And a method using an independent closed loop.

According to the present invention, a small magnetic field antenna using a micro loop that does not require a capacitor can be installed in an apartment house or commercial facility such as an apartment.

1 is an embodiment of a magnetic antenna according to the present invention having a circular opening surface and a spiral shape. It is an Example of the magnetic antenna by this invention of which the shape of an opening surface is a square and is helical. It is an Example of the magnetic antenna by this invention of the shape which has arrange | positioned the parallel linear conductor of several same shape in parallel, and connected the adjacent conductor. This is an embodiment of the magnetic antenna according to the present invention having a shape in which a plurality of linear conductors having the same shape with a square opening surface are arranged in parallel and adjacent conductors are connected. 1 is an embodiment of a magnetic antenna according to the present invention of a spiral linear conductor. This is an embodiment of the magnetic antenna according to the present invention in which the linear conductor having a square opening surface has a spiral shape. This is an embodiment of a magnetic antenna according to the present invention having a shape in which circular linear conductors having different radii are arranged so that their centers coincide with each other and adjacent linear conductors are connected. This is an embodiment of a magnetic antenna according to the present invention having a shape in which a plurality of similar linear conductors having a square opening surface are arranged so that their centers coincide with each other and adjacent linear conductors are connected. It is a figure which shows the Example of the antenna by this invention using the helical linear conductor which has matching means similar to a hairpin match. It is a figure which shows the Example of the antenna by this invention using the helical linear conductor which has matching means similar to Y match. It is a figure which shows the Example of the antenna by this invention using the helical linear conductor which has another matching means similar to Y match. It is a figure which shows the Example of the antenna by this invention using the helical linear conductor which has the matching means by magnetic coupling. It is a figure which shows the Example of the antenna by this invention using the spiral linear conductor which has another matching means by magnetic coupling. It is a figure which shows the form of the antenna by this invention of the calculation object of radiation resistance and efficiency. It is a figure which shows the micro loop antenna by a prior art for the comparison of radiation resistance and efficiency. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the number of windings in case constant resonance frequency, and a wavelength ratio radius. It is a figure which shows a wavelength ratio radius and radiation resistance. It is a figure which shows a wavelength ratio radius and radiation efficiency. It is a figure which shows the simulation conditions of the magnetic antenna by this invention of the shape which arrange | positioned the circular linear conductor from which a radius differs so that a center may correspond, and connected the adjacent linear conductor. FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the number of turns and the resonance frequency of the antenna shown in FIG. 19. FIG. 7 is a specific example of a magnetic antenna (FIG. 7) according to the present invention having a shape in which circular linear conductors having different radii are arranged so that their centers coincide with each other and adjacent linear conductors are connected. It is the specific Example of the antenna by this invention using a spiral linear conductor. It is the specific Example of the antenna by this invention using a spiral plate-shaped conductor. It is the specific Example of the antenna by this invention using a helical linear conductor. It is a figure which shows the VSWR characteristic of the antenna shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the VSWR characteristic of the antenna shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the VSWR characteristic of the antenna shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the VSWR characteristic of the antenna shown in FIG.

1. Embodiment of Antenna According to the Present Invention FIGS. 1 to 12 show an embodiment of a magnetic antenna according to the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a magnetic field antenna in which the shape of the opening surface of a spiral winding with both ends released is a circular linear conductor, and the number of winding turns is five. 101 is a linear conductor of a spiral winding, and 102 and 103 are feeding points. In this embodiment, the feeding point is set at the center of the linear conductor, but the impedance of the antenna from the feeding point can be adjusted by the position of the feeding point. The feed point is the same for the following FIGS.

FIG. 2 shows a magnetic field antenna in which the shape of the opening surface of the spiral winding with both ends released is a linear conductor having a quadrangular shape and the number of turns of the winding is three. 201 is a linear conductor of a spiral winding, and 202 and 203 are feeding points.

FIG. 3 shows a magnetic field antenna according to the present invention in which N = 3 parallel arrangements, each of which is cut into a part of a closed loop having a circular opening surface and the end points on each conductor are connected. In FIG. 3, 301, 302, and 303 are a linear conductor 1, a linear conductor 2, and a linear conductor 3 each having a circular opening shape, and 304 and 313 are conductors that connect the linear conductors, respectively. 305 and 306 are feeding points, 307 and 308 are end points A1 and B1 when the circular linear conductor 1 (301) is cut, and 309 and 310 are circular linear conductors 2 (302). Are the end points A2 and B2, and 311 and 312 are the end points A3 and B3 when the circular linear conductor 3 (303) is cut. The end point B1 (308) and the end point A2 (309) are connected by the linear conductor 304, and the end point B2 (310) and the end point A3 (311) are connected by the linear conductor 304.

FIG. 4 shows a magnetic field antenna according to the present invention in which N = 3 parallel arrangements, each of which is cut into a part of a closed loop having a circular opening surface and the end points on each conductor are connected. In FIG. 4, 401, 402, and 403 are the linear conductor 1, the linear conductor 2, and the linear conductor 3, respectively, in which the shape of the opening surface is circular, and 404 and 413 are conductors that connect the linear conductors, respectively. Reference numerals 405 and 406 denote feeding points, reference numerals 407 and 408 denote end points A1 and B1 when the circular linear conductor 1 (401) is cut, and reference numerals 409 and 410 denote circular linear conductors 2 (402). Are the end points A2 and B2, and 411 and 412 are the end points A3 and B3 when the circular linear conductor 3 (403) is cut. The end point B1 (408) and the end point A2 (409) are connected by a linear conductor 304, and the end point B2 (410) and the end point A3 (411) are connected by a linear conductor 404.

1 to 4, the shape of the feeding point from the winding start position (end point 1) of the linear conductor is the same as the shape of the feeding point from the winding end position (end point 2) of the linear conductor. Is located in the middle of the linear conductor, the feeding point can be easily set at the center of the linear conductor. Setting the feeding point at the center of the antenna is important for removing the common mode current in the feeding cable and suppressing electromagnetic radiation from the feeding cable.

FIG. 5 shows a magnetic field antenna in which the shape of the opening of the spiral winding with both ends released is a linear conductor having a circular shape and the number of winding turns is four. Reference numeral 501 denotes a linear conductor of a spiral winding, and 502 and 503 denote feeding points. Reference numeral 504 denotes a matching closed-loop conductor, which transmits a signal from the transceiver to the antenna while matching by magnetic coupling.

FIG. 6 shows a magnetic field antenna in which the shape of the opening of the spiral winding with both ends released is a linear conductor having a quadrangular shape and the number of winding turns is four. Reference numeral 601 denotes a linear conductor of a spiral winding, and reference numerals 602 and 603 denote feeding points. Reference numeral 604 denotes a matching closed-loop inductor, which transmits a signal from the transceiver to the antenna while matching by magnetic coupling.

In FIG. 7, reference numerals 701, 702, 703, and 704 denote circular linear conductors having different sizes, and 705 denotes a conductor that connects the linear conductors 702 and 703 (linear conductors 701 and 702, linear conductors 703 and 704). 706 and 707 are feeding points, and 708 and 709 are end points A and B when the circular linear conductor 701 is cut (linear conductors 702, 703, 704 also has the same notch and end point A and end point B, which are omitted in the drawing. The antenna shown in FIG. 7 has N = 4 linear conductors 1 (701) arranged in parallel at the end A (708) and the end B (709) in a part of a closed loop having a circular opening surface. ), The linear conductor 2 (702), the linear conductor 3 (703), and the linear conductor 4 (704) are arranged with the cut portions closest to each other, and the end points of the linear conductor i (i = 1 to 4) A (when 711 is i = 2 in the figure) is connected to the end point B of the linear conductor (i + 1) (when 712 is i = 3 in the figure). That is, the end point A of the linear conductor 1 and the end point B of the linear conductor 2 are connected, the end point A of the linear conductor 2 and the end point B of the linear conductor 3 are connected, and the end point A of the linear conductor 3 and the linear shape This is a magnetic field antenna in which the end point B of the conductor 4 is connected. Reference numeral 710 denotes a matching closed-loop conductor, which transmits a signal from the transceiver to the antenna by magnetic coupling while matching.

In FIG. 8, 801, 802, 803, and 804 are quadrangular linear conductors having different sizes, and 805 is a conductor 806 that connects between the linear conductors 802 and 803 (linear conductors 801 and 802, linear conductor 803 and 807 is a feed point, 808 and 809 are end points A and B (line conductors 802, 803, Reference numeral 804 denotes a similar notch and end point A and end point B, which are omitted in the drawing. The antenna shown in FIG. 8 has N = 4 linear conductors 1 (801) arranged in a part of a closed loop whose opening shape is circular, with a cut at an end point A (808) and an end point B (809). ), The linear conductor 2 (802), the linear conductor 3 (803), and the linear conductor 4 (804) are arranged with the cut portions closest to each other, and the end points of the linear conductor i (i = 1 to 4) A (811 in the figure is i = 2) and the end point B of the linear conductor (i + 1) (812 in the figure is i = 3) are connected. That is, the end point A of the linear conductor 1 and the end point B of the linear conductor 2 are connected, the end point A of the linear conductor 2 and the end point B of the linear conductor 3 are connected, and the end point A of the linear conductor 3 and the linear shape This is a magnetic field antenna in which the end point B of the conductor 4 is connected. Reference numeral 810 denotes a matching closed-loop conductor, which transmits a signal from the transceiver to the antenna by magnetic coupling while matching.

FIG. 9 shows a magnetic field antenna in which the shape of the opening surface of the spiral winding with both ends released is a circular linear conductor, and the number of turns of the winding is (1 + α) times (0 <α <1). 901 is a linear conductor of a spiral winding, 902 is a feeding point, 903 is a closed loop made of a conductive wire connected to the feeding point, and the impedance expected from the feeding point to the antenna is the characteristic impedance of the feeder between the transmission and reception devices It is characterized by having the same value as.

FIG. 10 shows a magnetic field antenna in which the shape of the opening surface of the spiral winding with both ends released is a circular linear conductor, and the number of turns of the winding is (1 + α) times (0 <α <1). 1001 is a linear conductor of a spiral winding, 1002 is a feeding point, 1003 is a conductor connecting two points P and Q on a linear conductor or a plate-like conductor sandwiching the feeding point, and an antenna from the feeding point The characteristic impedance is set to a value equivalent to the characteristic impedance of the feeder with the transmission / reception device.

FIG. 11 shows a magnetic field antenna in which the shape of the opening surface of the spiral winding with both ends opened is a circular linear conductor, and the number of winding turns is (1 + α) (0 <α <1). 1101 is a linear conductor of a spiral winding, 1102 is a feeding point, 1103 is a length of two points P and Q which are distances A on a linear conductor or a plate-like conductor sandwiching the center point of the linear conductor 1101 This is a conductor including a feeding point connected by a conductive wire having a length B, and the impedance of the antenna from the feeding point is set to a value equivalent to the characteristic impedance of the feeder between the transmission and reception devices.

FIG. 12 shows a magnetic field antenna in which the shape of the opening surface of the spiral winding with both ends opened is a circular linear conductor, and the number of winding turns is (1 + α) (0 <α <1). 1201 is a linear conductor of a spiral winding, 1202 and 1203 are feeding points, and 1204 is a closed-loop conductive wire having a feeding point, which is arranged inside the winding of the linear conductor 1201 and extends from the feeding point to the antenna. The characteristic impedance is set to a value equivalent to the characteristic impedance of the feeder with the transmission / reception device.

FIG. 13 shows a spiral conductor having feeding points 1303 and 1304 outside the antenna of a circular spiral conductor 1301 having no feeding point (a conductor extending from point A 1305 to point B 1306 in the figure). 1302 (a conductor extending from point C, 1307 to point D, 1308) is arranged outside the antenna. The conductor 1301 is a magnetic antenna main body, and the conductor 1302 is a matching unit between the antenna and the transceiver by being magnetically coupled to the magnetic antenna main body. The conductors 1301 and 1302 can be realized in various shapes such as a square spiral shape and a spiral shape instead of a circular spiral shape.
2. 2. Radiation resistance characteristic / resonance frequency characteristic of antenna according to the present invention 2.1 When the linear conductor is spiral

Figure 1 shows the relationship between radius and number of turns, radiation resistance and efficiency.
It was calculated by antenna analysis software MMAN. FIG. 14 shows the form of the antenna according to the present invention to be calculated. 1401 is a linear conductor having a helical wire diameter of 6 mmφ and a radius Ra, and 1402 is a feeding point, which is located in the middle of the linear conductor (a point equidistant from both ends). FIG. 15 shows a magnetic loop antenna for comparison. 1501 is a linear conductor having a circular wire diameter of 6 mmφ and a radius Rb, 1503 is a capacitor C for adjusting the resonance frequency, and 1502 is a feeding point located at the counter electrode of the circle and the capacitor. This antenna is a conventional magnetic loop antenna, which resonates at a specific frequency by canceling the reactance component of the minute antenna by inserting a capacitance in the loop.

FIG. 16 shows the relationship between the number of turns n and the wavelength ratio radius r when the resonance frequency of the antenna shown in FIG. 14 is constant. In this figure, the resonance frequency was f = c / λ = 20.83 MHz, and the calculation was performed with the wavelength ratio radius r = Ra / λ on the horizontal axis. FIG. 17 shows a relationship between the wavelength ratio radius and the radiation resistance of the antenna shown in FIG. 14 and the antenna shown in FIG.

In this figure, the resonance frequency was set to f = c / λ = 7.0 MHz. It can be seen that the radiation resistances of the antenna according to the present invention and the conventional magnetic loop antenna have almost the same value if the loop radius is the same. FIG. 18 shows the relationship between the wavelength ratio radius and the radiation efficiency of the antenna shown in FIGS. The radiation efficiency η [%] is η = Rf / Rs * 100, where Rf is the radiation resistance of the antenna when the linear conductor is lossless, and Rs is the antenna input impedance when the linear conductor is a copper wire. Calculated by In this case, the efficiency of the antenna according to the present invention and that of the conventional antenna are almost the same when the radius is the same.
2.2 When the linear conductor has a concentric spiral shape

FIG. 20 shows the resonance frequency characteristics of the antenna according to the present invention shown in FIG. FIG. 19 shows concentric linear conductors 1901 to 1909 which are arranged with their centers coincided and which have different sizes and are partially cut, as shown in the figure by conductors 1910 and 1913 to 1919, respectively. ing. A feeding point 1911 is disposed on the closed-loop lead 1912 and the resonance frequency is measured. The linear conductor 1901 is arranged at the outermost part, and the radius is Rcmax = 280 mm. The radius of the linear conductor decreases by ΔRc = 28 mm, 1909 is arranged at the innermost part, and the radius is Rcmic = 56 mm. The horizontal axis of the graph of FIG. 20 represents the number of turns and is as follows.

(1) All the linear conductors 1901 to 1909 are connected: 9 times (2) 1901 is removed from the end point by a half circumference, all 1902 to 1909 are connected: 8.5 times (3) 1901 is removed from the end point, the linear conductor 1902 -1909 are all connected: 8 times (4) 1901 is removed from the end points, the linear conductor 1902 is removed from the end points, and 1903 to 1909 are all connected: 7.5 times (5) 1901, 1902 are removed from the end points, lines Connect all the conductors 1903 to 1909: 7 times (6) 1901, 1902 are removed from the end points, the linear conductor 1903 is removed half a circle from the end points, 1904 to 1909 are all connected: 6.5 times (7) 1901-1903 Remove from end point, connect all linear conductors 1804 to 1809: 6 times (8) Remove 1901-1903 from end point, remove linear conductor 1904 from end point, 1905-190 9 all connected: 5.5 times (9) 1901-1904 removed from the end points, linear conductors 1905-1909 all connected: 5 times (10) 1901-1904 removed from the end points, linear conductor 1905 removed from the end points Half-round removal, 1906 to 1909 all connected: 4.5 times (11) 1901 to 1905 removed from end points, linear conductors 1906 to 1909 all connected: 4 times (12) 1901 to 1905 removed from end points, linear 2. Remove the conductor 1906 from the end point halfway, connect all 1907 to 1909: 3.5 times (13) Remove 1901-1906 from the end point, connect all linear conductors 1907 to 1909: 3 times Examples of antennas according to the invention

21 to 24 show an embodiment of the antenna according to the present invention. FIG. 21 shows a magnetic antenna for 28 MHz, and the linear conductors 2101 and 2102 are 10 mmφ aluminum pipes, each having a circular shape with radii R1 = 285 mm and R2 = 255 mm. As shown, the wires 2103 are connected. The feed point is on a closed loop conductor 2105, and a balun 2106 is connected to the feed point to connect to a feeder 2107 between the transmitter and the receiver. The closed loop conductor 2105 is a copper wire of 3 mmφ, the radius of the closed loop 2105 is 40 mm, the center thereof is the position of the linear conductor 2102, and the distance between them is almost 0 (no contact). The conductor 2104 is a 10 mmφ aluminum pipe for adjusting the frequency. The conductor 2104 is in contact with the linear conductor 2102 at the point A, and the frequency is adjusted by shifting the contact point. The VSWR characteristics of this antenna are shown in FIG.

FIG. 22 shows a magnetic antenna for 14 MHz. 2201 and 2202 are copper plate conductors having a width of 40 mm and a thickness of 0.1 mm, Rmin = 56 mm, Rmid = 266 mm, Rmax = 308 mm, ΔR = 28 mm, and the number of turns is 6.5. It is a spiral conductor. Moreover, as shown to AA sectional drawing, it arrange | positions alternately for every winding hierarchy so that the area of the surface where a perpendicular | vertical line may be common between adjacent plate-shaped conductors decreases. This is to minimize the loss due to the adjacent effect. A conductor 1201 is a magnetic antenna body, and 2202 is a matching unit having feeding points 2203 and 2204. Reference numeral 2209 denotes a balun, and 2210 denotes a feeder for connecting the antenna and the transmission / reception apparatus. FIG. 26 shows the VSWR characteristics.

FIG. 23 shows an embodiment of a magnetic field antenna according to the present invention for 144 MHz. FIG. 23 shows a plurality of copper pieces having a width of 12 mm, which are arranged in parallel by aligning five centers, in which the end points are the end points A and B, in a part of a closed loop having a circular opening surface shape. A plate-like conductor (referred to as conductor i (i = 1,..., 5). Also, end points A and B of conductor i are referred to as end point Ai and end point Bi, respectively), and the notch portions are arranged close to each other. The end point A (i-1) of the conductor (i-1) and the end point Bi of the conductor i are connected for i = 2,. In this figure, reference numerals 2301 to 2305 are concentric circles made of a copper plate having a radius of 40 mm and a width of 12 mm, and are arranged in parallel at an interval of 1 mm. 2306 to 2309 are conductive wires connecting the upper and lower concentric circles, 2310 is a conductor connected to the plate-like conductor 2305 for frequency adjustment, 2311 is a conductor connected to the plate-like conductor 2303 for matching, and the length is 55 mm. , Has the same effect as Y match (delta match).

Reference numerals 2312 and 2313 denote feeding points on the plate-like conductor 2303, reference numeral 2314 denotes a balun, and reference numeral 2315 denotes a feeder for connection with a transceiver. The plate-like conductors 2301 and 2305 have large cuts, thereby roughly adjusting the resonance frequency. In this embodiment, a length corresponding to ¼ of a circular plate conductor is cut off. Further, the resonance frequency is adjusted to a target frequency by 2310 and fixed to the plate-like conductor 2305. FIG. 27 shows the VSWR characteristics of this antenna.

FIG. 24 shows an embodiment of the magnetic field antenna according to the present invention in which the shape of the opening surface is circular and the shape is a spiral linear conductor. Reference numeral 2401 denotes a spiral linear conductor having a circular shape with a diameter B of 65 mm, the wire diameter of the linear conductor being 3 mmφ, the number of turns exceeding 1, and the length of the part exceeding the number of turns (part A in FIG. 24) The length is 30 mm (center angle is about 53 °), the distance between the centers of the linear conductors over the number of turns is 4 mm, 2402 is a matching conductor, and is soldered to the opposite side of A. The length is 25 mm, and the length of D is 10 mm. Reference numeral 2403 denotes a balun, and 2404 denotes a feeder connected to the transceiver. FIG. 28 shows the VSWR characteristics of this antenna.

Circular spiral linear conductor 101, 901, 1001, 1101, 1201, 1401, 2401
Square spiral linear conductor 201
Circular linear conductors 301, 302, 303, 701, 702, 703, 704, 1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, 2101, 1022
Square linear conductor 401, 402, 403, 801, 802, 803, 804
Circular spiral linear conductors 501, 1301, 2201
Rectangular spiral linear conductor 601
Feeding points 102, 103, 202, 203, 305, 306, 405, 406, 502, 503, 602, 603, 706, 707, 807, 808, 902, 1002, 1102, 1202, 1203, 1303, 1304, 1402, 1502, 1911, 2032, 2204, 2312, 2313
End point when notched closed loop 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 708, 709, 711, 712, 808, 809, 811, 812
Conductor wire 304, 313, 404, 413, 705, 805, 1910, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1919, 2103, 2306, 2307, 2308, 2309
Matching linear conductors 504, 604, 710, 810, 903, 1003, 1103, 1204, 1302, 1912, 2105, 2202, 2311, and 4022
Connection points 1004 and 1005 between the linear conductor for matching and the antenna
End points of spiral wire conductors 1305, 1306, 2205, 2206
Linear conductor end points 1307, 1308, 2207, 2208 for matching
Circular loop-shaped linear conductor 1501
Magnetic loop antenna matching capacitor 1503
Frequency adjusting conductors 2104 and 2310
Balun 2106, 2209, 2314, 2403
Feeder 2107, 2210, 2315, 2404
Circular plate-shaped conductors 2301, 2302, 2303, 2304, 2305

Claims (14)

A wire or plate-like conductor having a circular, oval, polygonal shape, or a combination thereof, or a distorted shape of the open surface of the winding with both ends open, and the number of turns of the winding is 1. Magnetic field antenna greater than 1 without including The magnetic field antenna according to claim 1, wherein the winding is spiral. 2. The magnetic field antenna according to claim 1, wherein the winding is spiral. N pieces (n is 2 or more) where the end points are the end points A and B in a part of the closed loop whose shape of the opening surface is circular, elliptical, polygonal, or a combination thereof, or a distorted shape thereof A plurality of linear conductors or plate-like conductors (conductor i (i = 1,..., N)) arranged substantially in parallel so as to substantially coincide with each other when viewed from the vertical direction of the opening surface. In addition, the end points A and B of the conductor i are referred to as the end point Ai and the end point Bi, respectively, and the cut portions are arranged close to each other, and the end point A (i-1) and the conductor of the adjacent conductor (i-1) are arranged. The magnetic field antenna which connected the end point Bi of i about i = 2, ..., n. N pieces (n is 2 or more) where the end points are the end points A and B in a part of the closed loop whose shape of the opening surface is circular, elliptical, polygonal, or a combination thereof, or a distorted shape thereof ) Of different sizes, and are arranged in the form of a linear conductor or a plate-like conductor (conductor i (i = 1,..., N) with the opening surface and the center substantially coincided with each other. The end points A and B are referred to as the end point Ai and the end point Bi, respectively), and the cut portions are arranged close to each other, and the end point A (i-1) of the adjacent conductor (i-1) and the end point B of the conductor i are i = 2. Magnetic field antenna connected for n. The linear conductor or the plate-like conductor is spiral, and has a winding start position (hereinafter referred to as an end point 1) and a winding end position (hereinafter referred to as an end point 2). In the linear conductor or plate-like conductor, the shape of the linear conductor or plate-like conductor from the end point 1 to the point 3 on the above-described linear conductor or plate-like conductor (hereinafter referred to as point 3), and the end point 5. The magnetic field antenna according to claim 2, wherein the linear conductor or plate-like conductor from 2 to point 3 has substantially the same shape. 7. The magnetic field antenna according to claim 1, wherein the feeding point is a point on the linear conductor. The magnetic field antenna according to claim 6, wherein the feeding point is a point 3. 9. The magnetic field antenna according to claim 8, wherein a closed loop made of a conducting wire is connected to the feeding point, and an impedance viewed from the feeding point is set to a value equivalent to a characteristic impedance of a feeder between the feeding and receiving device. Two points on a linear conductor or plate-shaped conductor sandwiching the feeding point are connected by a conductor, and the impedance viewed from the feeding point to the antenna is set to a value equivalent to the characteristic impedance of the feeder between the transmission and reception devices. The magnetic field antenna according to claim 8. Two points on a linear conductor or plate-like conductor sandwiching the point 3 are connected by a conductor, the feeding point is a point on the conductor, and the impedance from the feeding point to the antenna is set to the feeder between the transmission and reception devices. The magnetic field antenna according to claim 6, wherein the magnetic antenna has a value equivalent to the characteristic impedance. 8. The magnetic field antenna according to claim 7, wherein the feeding point is a point on the linear conductor having an impedance equivalent to the characteristic impedance of the feeder between the transmitting and receiving device. A closed loop composed of a conducting wire having a feeding point is arranged inside, on or adjacent to the winding of the linear conductor or the plate-like conductor of the magnetic antenna according to claim 1, and transmits and receives impedance from the feeding point when the antenna is expected. 7. The magnetic field antenna according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic antenna has a value equivalent to a characteristic impedance of a feeder between the apparatus and the apparatus. The linear conductor or plate-shaped conductor having the same shape (the number of turns is different) as that of the linear conductor of the antenna of any one of claims 1 to 6 and having a feeding point is defined as the outermost linear conductor. 7. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the impedance is set outside the plate-like conductor, and the impedance viewed from the feeding point is set to a value equivalent to the characteristic impedance of the feeder with the transmitting / receiving device. Magnetic field antenna.

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