JP2015173575A - Non-contact power transmission device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a non-contact power transmission device capable of elongating a durable period by mitigating work required for maintenance and service for the device.SOLUTION: A non-contact power transmission device of one embodiment includes: a stationary unit; a rotary unit; an output side amplifier; a transmission unit; and a DC power extraction unit. The rotary unit rotates relative to the stationary unit in a non-contact manner. The output side amplifier amplifies externally supplied DC power depending on a reference microwave input to a first terminal, and outputs the amplified microwave from a second terminal. The transmission unit transmits, between the stationary unit and the rotary unit, the amplified microwave output from the output side amplifier. The DC power extraction unit extracts DC power from the amplified microwave transmitted between the stationary unit and the rotary unit by the transmission unit.

Description

  Embodiments described herein relate generally to a contactless power transmission device.

Conventionally, in a slip ring in which a metal part is provided in each of a fixed part and a rotating part, and direct current is transmitted from the fixed part to the rotating part by flowing a current by contact between the metal parts, metal wear due to contact between the metal parts and It is desired to suppress the generation of metal powder.
However, it is necessary to perform a long-term wear test by forming a metal part by combining various alloys according to conditions such as the amount of current flowing between the metal parts and the rotational speed of the rotating part. The problem arises that it is difficult to extend the service life.

Simon Ramo, John R. Whinnery, Theodore Van Duzer, “Fields and Wave in Communications Electronics”, John Wiley & Sons, 1965, p. 507-519 Tomoaki Yamashita, Kazuhiro Honda, Junichi Ogawa, "Microwave rectenna with high efficiency using coaxial dielectric resonator and dispersion capacitor", IEICE Technical Report, IEICE, November 2012, WPT2012 -27, p. 41-46

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a non-contact power transmission device that can reduce the work required for maintenance and maintenance of the device and extend the service life.

  The non-contact power transmission apparatus of the embodiment includes a fixed unit, a rotating unit, an output side amplifier, a transmission unit, and a DC power extraction unit. The rotating part rotates without contact with the fixed part. The output side amplifier amplifies the DC power supplied from the outside according to the reference microwave input to the first terminal, and outputs the amplified microwave from the second terminal. The transmission unit transmits the amplified microwave output from the output side amplifier between the fixed unit and the rotating unit. The direct-current power extraction unit extracts direct-current power from the amplified microwave transmitted between the fixed unit and the rotation unit by the transmission unit.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the contactless power transmission device of the first embodiment. It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the non-contact-type electric power transmission apparatus of 1st Embodiment, Comprising: The AA arrow directional view shown in FIG. The figure which shows typically the equivalent circuit of the non-contact-type electric power transmission apparatus of 1st Embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the non-contact-type electric power transmission apparatus of 2nd Embodiment. The figure which shows typically the equivalent circuit of the non-contact-type electric power transmission apparatus of 2nd Embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the non-contact-type electric power transmission apparatus of 3rd Embodiment. The figure which shows typically the equivalent circuit of the non-contact-type electric power transmission apparatus of 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the non-contact-type electric power transmission apparatus of 4th Embodiment, Comprising: FIG. 8 (A) is sectional drawing, FIG.8 (B) is the BB line shown to FIG. 8 (A). Arrow view. The figure which shows typically the equivalent circuit of the non-contact-type electric power transmission apparatus of 4th Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, a non-contact power transmission apparatus according to an embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the non-contact power transmission device 10 of the first embodiment includes a fixed portion 11, a rotating portion 12 accommodated in the fixed portion 11, and an inner periphery of the fixed portion 11. A fixed circuit board 13 provided on the surface, and an annular rotating circuit board 14 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating part 12 are provided. The non-contact power transmission device 10 is used for power supply to an antenna pointing device such as a radar device, for example.

The fixed portion 11 is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape, and includes a cylindrical body 11a extending in the vertical direction and a bottom portion 11b closing the lower end of the cylindrical body 11a.
The rotating portion 12 is formed in a columnar shape and includes an outer peripheral surface 12A that faces the inner peripheral surface 11A of the fixed portion 11. The rotating unit 12 rotates around the rotation axis O parallel to the vertical direction inside the fixed unit 11. The rotating portion 12 includes a lid portion 12a that closes the upper end of the cylindrical body 11a of the fixed portion 11.

The fixed portion circuit board 13 is formed in an annular shape and is provided on the inner peripheral surface 11 </ b> A of the fixed portion 11 over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction. The fixed circuit board 13 is formed of, for example, a flexible flexible board.
As shown in FIG. 3, each of the plurality of annular regions set along the vertical direction is formed on the fixed circuit board 13 with the combination of the output-side amplifier 21 and the output-side antenna 22 as a set of transmission units 23. In FIG. 5, a plurality of sets of transmission units 23 are mounted at positions spaced apart in the circumferential direction.

The output-side amplifier 21 amplifies the DC power supplied from the outside according to a reference microwave (for example, an RF signal that is a predetermined high-frequency signal) input to the first terminal 21a, and the amplified microwave Output from the second terminal 21b. As a result, the output-side amplifier 21 outputs a reference microwave output from the external high frequency generator 24 to the first terminal 21a (for example, a coaxial cable) 25 and an external DC power supply 26. A DC supply cable 26 for supplying the output direct current (DC current) to the output-side amplifier 21 is connected. The cable 25 and the DC supply cable 26 are arranged so as to reach the fixed part circuit board 13 from the outside of the fixed part 11 via the inside of the bottom part 11b and the cylindrical body 11a, for example.
The output side antenna 22 is, for example, a microstrip antenna (so-called patch antenna), and transmits the amplified microwave output from the output side amplifier 21.

The rotating part circuit board 14 is formed in an annular shape, and is provided over the entire circumference in each of a plurality of annular regions set along the vertical direction on the outer peripheral surface 12A of the rotating part 12. The rotating part circuit board 14 is formed of, for example, a flexible flexible board. Note that the plurality of annular regions set on the outer peripheral surface 12 </ b> A of the rotating unit 12 are set so as to face the plurality of annular regions set on the fixed portion circuit board 13.
As shown in FIG. 3, the rotating unit circuit board 14 includes a combination of the input side antenna 31, the input side amplifier 32, and the switch 33 as a set of receiving units 34 at a plurality of positions at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. A set of receivers 34 is implemented.

The input side antenna 31 is a microstrip antenna (so-called patch antenna), for example, and receives the amplified microwave transmitted from the output side antenna 22.
The input side amplifier 32 operates reversibly with respect to the output side amplifier 21, and a first terminal 32 a corresponding to the first terminal 21 a of the output side amplifier 21 and a second terminal 21 b corresponding to the second terminal 21 b of the output side amplifier 21. 2 terminals 32b. The input-side amplifier 32 outputs a reference microwave from the first terminal 32a in accordance with the amplified microwave input to the second terminal 32b, so that the amplified-side microwave received from the input-side antenna 31 is output from the amplified microwave. Extract DC power. Thus, a DC output cable 35 for outputting a direct current (DC current) extracted from the amplified microwave is connected to the input side amplifier 32. The DC output cable 35 is disposed so as to be exposed from the lid 12a to the outside of the rotating unit 12 through the rotating unit circuit board 14 and the inside of the rotating unit 12, for example.

  The DC output cable 35 is provided in each of a plurality of annular regions set on the outer peripheral surface 12A of the rotating unit 12, and a common DC output cable 35 is connected to the plurality of input side amplifiers 32 in each annular region. ing. The direct currents (DC currents) output from the plurality of DC output cables 35 are supplied to an external load (not shown) after being combined, for example. In each of the plurality of annular regions set on the outer peripheral surface 12 </ b> A of the rotating unit 12, at least one of the plurality of output-side antennas 22 has a plurality of rotations as the rotating unit 12 rotates with respect to the fixed unit 11. It is set to face at least one of the input side antennas 31. Thereby, among the plurality of output side antennas 22 and input side antennas 31, the amplified microwaves output from the output side amplifier 21 between the output side antennas 22 and the input side antennas 31 that are coupled by facing each other. Are sent and received.

  The switch 33 is closed (ON) when power transmission from the fixed unit 11 to the rotating unit 12 is performed.

  According to the first embodiment described above, by having the transmitting unit 23 provided in the fixed unit 11 and the receiving unit 34 provided in the rotating unit 12, the fixed unit 11 and the rotating unit are transmitted and received by microwaves. DC power can be transmitted to 12 without contact. This eliminates the need for a contact portion made of a conductive material such as metal between the fixed portion 11 and the rotating portion 12, and does not require work required for maintenance and maintenance corresponding to wear of the contact portion and generation of wear powder. The service life of the device can be extended.

Furthermore, according to the first embodiment, by having the output side amplifier 21 and the input side amplifier 32 that operates reversibly with respect to the output side amplifier 21, a complicated conversion circuit is not required. Conversion of DC power into microwaves and conversion of microwaves into DC power can be performed with a simple device configuration.
Furthermore, according to the first embodiment, by having a plurality of output-side antennas 22 and a plurality of input-side antennas 31, DC power can be distributed and transmitted. Thereby, it is possible to transmit the DC power while suppressing the loss within a range not exceeding the upper limit outputs of the output side amplifier 21 and the input side amplifier 32.
Furthermore, according to the first embodiment, by having the bottom portion 11b and the lid portion 12a that close the inside of the cylindrical body 11a of the fixing portion 11, power transmission by microwaves can be performed in the closed space. it can.

(Second Embodiment)
As shown in FIG. 4, the contactless power transmission device 40 according to the second embodiment includes a fixed unit 41, a rotating unit 42 that rotates with respect to the fixed unit 41, and a fixed unit circuit connected to the fixed unit 41. A substrate 43 and a rotating circuit board 44 connected to the rotating unit 42 are provided.

  The fixed part 41 and the rotating part 42 constitute a so-called rotary joint. The fixing portion 41 is formed in a tubular shape extending in the vertical direction, and includes a fixing portion-side waveguide forming portion 41a. The rotating part 42 includes a rotating part side waveguide forming part 42a that is formed in a tubular shape and is rotatably connected to the fixed part side waveguide forming part 41a. The fixed part side waveguide forming part 41 a and the rotating part side waveguide forming part 42 a form a hollow waveguide R for transmitting microwaves inside the fixed part 41 and the rotating part 42.

As shown in FIG. 5, the plurality of output-side amplifiers 21 and the combiner 45 a in the first embodiment described above are mounted on the fixed circuit board 43 as the transmitter 45.
The combiner 45 a combines the amplified microwaves output from the plurality of output-side amplifiers 21 and outputs the combined microwaves to the waveguide R.

The rotating unit circuit board 44 is mounted with the distributor 46 a and the plurality of input-side amplifiers 32 and the switches 33 in the first embodiment described above as the receiving unit 46.
The distributor 46 a distributes the microwaves transmitted through the waveguide R into a plurality of parts, and outputs the plurality of divided microwaves to the plurality of input side amplifiers 32.

  According to the second embodiment described above, the transmission unit 45 connected to the fixing unit 41 and the reception unit 46 connected to the rotation unit 42 are used to fix the transmission by microwaves in the waveguide R. DC power can be transmitted in a non-contact manner from the unit 41 to the rotating unit 42. This eliminates the need for a contact portion made of a conductive material such as metal between the fixed portion 41 and the rotating portion 42, and does not require work required for maintenance and maintenance corresponding to wear of the contact portion and generation of wear powder. The service life of the device can be extended.

Furthermore, according to the second embodiment, the fixed part 41 and the rotating part 42 constituting the so-called rotary joint, that is, the fixed part side waveguide forming part 41a and the rotating part side waveguide forming part 42a forming the waveguide R are provided. By having it, microwaves can be transmitted between the fixed portion 41 and the rotating portion 42 with a simple device configuration.
Furthermore, according to the second embodiment, by having the output side amplifier 21 and the input side amplifier 32 that operates reversibly with respect to the output side amplifier 21, a complicated conversion circuit is not required. Conversion of DC power into microwaves and conversion of microwaves into DC power can be performed with a simple device configuration.
Furthermore, according to the second embodiment, by having a plurality of output-side amplifiers 21 and a plurality of input-side amplifiers 32, loss is suppressed within a range that does not exceed the upper limit outputs of the output-side amplifier 21 and the input-side amplifier 32. Thus, conversion of DC power into microwaves and conversion of microwaves into DC power can be performed.

(Third embodiment)
As shown in FIG. 6, the non-contact power transmission apparatus 50 according to the third embodiment includes a fixed unit 51, a rotating unit 52 that rotates with respect to the fixed unit 51, and a fixed unit circuit connected to the fixed unit 51. A substrate 53 and a rotating part circuit board 54 connected to the rotating part 52 are provided.

  The fixed part 51 and the rotating part 52 constitute a so-called cavity resonator. The fixed portion 51 is formed in a tubular shape extending in the vertical direction, and includes a fixed portion-side resonator forming portion 51a. The rotating part 52 includes a rotating part side resonator forming part 52a that is formed in a tubular shape and is rotatably connected to the fixed part side resonator forming part 51a. The fixed part side resonator forming part 51 a and the rotating part side resonator forming part 52 a form a hollow resonance cavity S for resonating microwaves inside the fixed part 51 and the rotating part 52.

As shown in FIG. 7, the plurality of output-side amplifiers 21 and the combiner 55 a in the first embodiment described above are mounted on the fixed circuit board 53 as the transmitter 55.
The combiner 55 a combines the amplified microwaves output from the plurality of output-side amplifiers 21 and outputs the combined microwaves to the resonant cavity S.

A capacitor 56 a and a resistor 56 b are mounted as a receiving unit 56 on the rotating unit circuit board 54.
The capacitor 56a and the resistor 56b of the receiving unit 56 constitute a so-called rectenna together with the resonant cavity S, and extract DC power from the microwave by rectifying the microwave resonated by the resonant cavity S.

  According to the third embodiment described above, the transmission unit 55 connected to the fixing unit 51 and the reception unit 56 connected to the rotating unit 52 are used to fix by resonance of the microwave in the resonance cavity S. DC power can be transmitted in a non-contact manner from the unit 51 to the rotating unit 52. This eliminates the need for a contact portion made of a conductive material such as metal between the fixed portion 51 and the rotating portion 52, and does not require work required for maintenance and maintenance corresponding to wear of the contact portion and generation of wear powder. The service life of the device can be extended.

Furthermore, according to the third embodiment, by having the fixed part side resonator forming part 51a and the rotating part side resonator forming part 52a that form the resonant cavity S, the fixed part 51 and the rotating part can be realized with a simple device configuration. Microwaves can be transmitted between 52.
Furthermore, according to the third embodiment, by having the receiving section 56 that constitutes a so-called rectenna together with the resonant cavity S, it is possible to convert microwaves to DC power with a simple device configuration.

(Fourth embodiment)
As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the contactless power transmission device 60 of the fourth embodiment includes a fixed portion 61 and a rotating portion 62 accommodated in the fixed portion 61. ing.
The fixing portion 61 is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape, and includes a cylindrical body 61a that extends in the vertical direction and a bottom portion 61b that closes the lower end of the cylindrical body 61a.
The rotating part 62 is formed in a plate shape and rotates around the rotation axis O parallel to the vertical direction inside the fixed part 61. The rotating portion 62 includes a lid portion 62 a that closes the upper end of the cylindrical body 61 a of the fixed portion 61.

As shown in FIG. 9, the fixing unit 61 includes a single dipole antenna 64 and an amplifier 65 connected to the dipole antenna 64 as the transmission unit 63.
The amplifier 65 amplifies DC power supplied from the outside in accordance with a reference microwave (for example, an RF signal that is a predetermined high-frequency signal) input to the first terminal 65a, and the amplified microwave is supplied to the second terminal. Output from terminal 65b. As a result, the amplifier 65 is supplied with a cable (for example, a coaxial cable, not shown) for inputting the reference microwave output from the external high frequency generator 24 to the first terminal 65a and the external DC power supply 26. A DC supply cable (not shown) for supplying the direct current (DC current) to the amplifier 65 is connected.

The rotating unit 62 includes a plurality of (for example, four) dipole antennas 67 and a rectifier circuit 68 connected to the dipole antenna 67 as the receiving unit 66.
At least one of the plurality of dipole antennas 67 is set to be coupled to one dipole antenna 64 of the rotating unit 62 as the rotating unit 62 rotates with respect to the fixed unit 61. As a result, the amplified microwave output from the amplifier 65 is transmitted and received between the coupled dipole antenna 64 and dipole antenna 67.
The rectifier circuit 68 is a so-called rectenna, and includes a resonator, a capacitor, and a resistor. The rectifier circuit 68 extracts DC power from the microwave by rectifying the amplified microwave received by the dipole antenna 67.

  According to the fourth embodiment described above, by having the transmitting unit 63 connected to the fixed unit 61 and the receiving unit 66 connected to the rotating unit 62, the dipole antenna 64 and the dipole antenna 67 can be connected. Direct current power can be transmitted from the fixed portion 61 to the rotating portion 62 in a non-contact manner by transmission of microwaves. This eliminates the need for a contact portion made of a conductive material such as metal between the fixed portion 61 and the rotating portion 62, and does not require work required for maintenance and maintenance corresponding to wear of the contact portion and generation of wear powder. The service life of the device can be extended.

  Furthermore, according to the fourth embodiment, by having one dipole antenna 64 of the fixed unit 61 and a plurality of dipole antennas 67 of the rotating unit 62, conversion of microwaves to DC power is achieved with a simple device configuration. Can be performed.

  According to at least one embodiment described above, the transmission unit (23, 45, 55, 63) and the rotation unit (12, 42, 52, 62) connected to the fixed unit (11, 41, 51, 61). By having the receiving unit (34, 46, 56, 66) connected to, DC power can be transmitted in a non-contact manner from the fixed unit to the rotating unit by microwave transmission. This eliminates the need for a contact part made of a conductive material such as metal between the fixed part and the rotating part, and does not require work required for maintenance and maintenance corresponding to wear of the contact part and generation of wear powder. The service life of can be extended.

  Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are also included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the first modification will be described.
In the second embodiment described above, a plurality of output side amplifiers 21 and a plurality of input side amplifiers 32 are provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and at least one of the output side amplifier 21 and the input side amplifier 32 is 1. There may be only one. In this case, at least one of the combiner 45a and the distributor 46a may be omitted.

The configuration of the second modification will be described below.
In the third embodiment described above, a plurality of output-side amplifiers 21 are provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and only one output-side amplifier 21 may be provided. In this case, the synthesizer 55a may be omitted.
In the third embodiment described above, the fixed portion 51 and the rotating portion 52 constitute a cavity resonator. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other resonators such as a dielectric resonator or a magnetic resonator. Etc. may be configured.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the third modification will be described.
In the fourth embodiment described above, the dipole antennas 64 and 67 are provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a monopole antenna may be provided instead of the dipole antenna.

10, 40, 50, 60 Non-contact power transmission device 11, 41, 51, 61 Fixed part 12, 42, 52, 62 Rotating part 13, 43, 53 Fixed part circuit board 14, 44, 54 Rotating part circuit board 23 45, 55, 63 Transmitter 34, 46, 56, 66 Receiver

Claims (7)

A fixed part;
A rotating part that rotates relative to the fixed part;
An output side amplifier that amplifies DC power supplied from the outside according to a reference microwave input to the first terminal, and outputs the amplified microwave from the second terminal;
A transmission unit for transmitting the amplified microwave output from the output side amplifier between the fixed unit and the rotating unit;
A DC power extraction unit that extracts the DC power from the amplified microwave transmitted between the fixed unit and the rotating unit by the transmission unit;
Comprising
Non-contact power transmission device. The DC power extraction unit includes an input side amplifier that operates reversibly with respect to the output side amplifier,
The input-side amplifier extracts the DC power by outputting the reference microwave from a terminal corresponding to the first terminal according to the amplified microwave input to a terminal corresponding to the second terminal. To
The contactless power transmission device according to claim 1. The transmission unit includes a first antenna provided in the fixed unit, and a second antenna provided in the rotating unit,
The first antenna and the second antenna transmit and receive the amplified microwave,
The output side amplifier is connected to one of the first antenna and the second antenna,
The input-side amplifier is connected to one of the first antenna and the second antenna;
The contactless power transmission device according to claim 2. The second antenna includes a plurality of antennas disposed on a surface of the rotating unit along a rotation axis of the rotating unit,
The first antenna includes a plurality of antennas disposed on the surface of the fixed portion facing the surface of the rotating shaft so as to be opposed to the second antenna.
The contactless power transmission device according to claim 3. Either one of the first antenna and the second antenna is a single antenna,
Either one of the first antenna and the second antenna is a plurality of antennas.
The contactless power transmission device according to claim 3. The transmission unit includes a first waveguide forming unit provided in the fixed unit, and a second waveguide forming unit provided in the rotating unit,
The first waveguide forming section and the second waveguide forming section form a hollow waveguide for transmitting the amplified microwave,
The output side amplifier is connected to one of the first waveguide forming unit and the second waveguide forming unit,
The input-side amplifier is connected to either one of the first waveguide forming unit and the second waveguide forming unit,
The contactless power transmission device according to claim 2. The transmission unit includes a first resonator forming unit provided in the fixed unit, and a second resonator forming unit provided in the rotating unit,
The first resonator forming unit and the second resonator forming unit form a resonator that resonates the amplified microwave,
The output side amplifier is connected to one of the first resonator forming unit and the second resonator forming unit,
The DC power extraction unit includes a rectifier circuit including a capacitor and a resistor connected to one of the first resonator formation unit and the second resonator formation unit.
The contactless power transmission device according to claim 1.

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