JP2015155636A - Thermal barrier body and method for forming the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a thermal barrier body capable of suppressing glare caused by reflection light, while suppressing energy incidence caused by light in a visible wavelength range, and a method for forming the same.

SOLUTION: Thermal barrier bodies (1A, 1B, 1C and 1D) include thermal barrier layers (10 and 10A) that are provided on a surface of a substrate (40) and that have open surfaces (11 and 11A) for receiving incident light, and reflectors (21, 60, 60A, 60B, 60C and 60D) that are provided in the thermal barrier layers (10 and 10A) and that bring about diffused reflection of at least the incident light, in a visible light wavelength range, of the incident light in such a manner as to make it converge on the open sides of open surfaces (11 and 11A) of the thermal barrier layers (10 and 10A).

COPYRIGHT: (C)2015,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat shield having a light convergence function for converging incident visible light at a predetermined distance from a reflecting surface, and a method for forming the same.

  In Patent Document 1, a coating composition containing a pigment that absorbs in the visible light wavelength range and reflects in the infrared wavelength range is incorporated into the binder that can be applied to the surface of the pavement to form a solid surface layer portion. A solar thermal barrier pavement is described which is constructed by applying to the surface of the body and then solidifying the binder. This solar heat-blocking pavement is provided for the surface layer of asphalt pavement, concrete pavement, interlocking block pavement, etc. for pavement used for traffic of people and vehicles. The amount of energy incident on the paved road surface is effectively suppressed by reflecting the light, and the increase in road surface temperature is suppressed.

JP 2008-69632 A

  By the way, energy incidence by light in the visible light wavelength region such as solar radiation of sunlight also causes an increase in road surface temperature. In the pavement described above, light in the infrared wavelength region is reflected with high solar reflectance in the solar radiation, but most of the light in the visible light wavelength region is absorbed. Therefore, in the pavement described above, the effect of suppressing the increase in road surface temperature is suppressed by the amount of energy incident due to light in the visible light wavelength region.

  On the other hand, reflecting light in the visible light wavelength region may cause the reflected light to enter the eyes of humans or the like and cause glare. For example, if the reflected light is very dazzling for a person driving the vehicle and hinders driving, there is a problem.

  The present invention provides a heat shield that can suppress not only energy incidence by light in the infrared wavelength range but also energy incidence by light in the visible wavelength range, and at the same time, suppression of glare caused by reflected light in the visible wavelength range. And it aims at providing the formation method with easy construction.

  A heat shield according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a heat shield layer provided on a surface of a substrate and having an open surface for receiving incident light, and a visible light wavelength of at least the incident light provided on the heat shield layer. And a reflecting material that diffusely reflects the incident light of the region so as to converge to the open side of the open surface of the heat shield layer.

  According to the above configuration, not only energy incidence by incident light in the infrared wavelength region but also energy incidence by incident light in the visible wavelength region can be suppressed. For this reason, higher heat insulation can be realized, the road surface temperature rise suppressing effect is high, and the heat island phenomenon can be effectively suppressed. Moreover, the glare by the reflected light of the incident light in the visible light wavelength region can be reduced and suppressed. For this reason, the said heat shield can be provided without a problem even if it is an environment where glare is not preferred, for example, a roadway.

  The method for forming a heat shield according to an embodiment of the present invention includes distributing the reflective material in the heat shield layer when the heat shield layer is provided on the surface of the base.

  According to the above configuration, the formation is easy, the formation time can be shortened, and the cost can be reduced.

It is a top view of the heat shield which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing along the II-II line of FIG. It is sectional drawing for magnifying one recessed part of FIG. 2, and explaining the mode of reflection of the incident light which has an incident angle of 90 degrees with respect to an open surface. It is sectional drawing for magnifying one recessed part of FIG. 2, and explaining the mode of reflection of the incident light which has an incident angle of 30 degrees with respect to an open surface. It is sectional drawing for magnifying one recessed part of FIG. 2, and explaining the mode of reflection of the incident light which has an incident angle of 45 degrees with respect to an open surface. It is sectional drawing equivalent to FIG. 2 of the heat shield which concerns on the modification of 1st Embodiment. It is a top view of the heat shield which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing along the VIII-VIII line of FIG. It is a perspective view of the reflecting material with which the heat shield which concerns on 2nd Embodiment is provided. It is sectional drawing equivalent to FIG. 8 of the heat shield which concerns on the modification of 2nd Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the other 1st example of the reflecting material with which the heat shield concerning a 2nd embodiment is provided. It is a top view of the other 1st example of the reflective material with which the heat shield concerning a 2nd embodiment is provided. It is a side view of the other 1st example of the reflecting material with which the heat shield concerning a 2nd embodiment is provided. It is sectional drawing which followed the XID-XID line | wire of FIG. 11C. It is a perspective view of other 2nd examples of a reflective material with which a heat shield concerning a 2nd embodiment is provided. It is a top view of other 2nd examples of a reflective material with which a heat shield concerning a 2nd embodiment is provided. It is a side view of the other 2nd example of the reflecting material with which the heat shield concerning a 2nd embodiment is provided. It is sectional drawing which followed the XIID-XIID line | wire of FIG. 12C. It is a perspective view of other 3rd examples of a reflective material with which a heat shield concerning a 2nd embodiment is provided. It is a top view of other 3rd examples of a reflective material with which a heat shield concerning a 2nd embodiment is provided. It is a side view of other 3rd examples of a reflective material with which a heat shield concerning a 2nd embodiment is provided. It is sectional drawing which followed the XIIID-XIIID line | wire of FIG. 13C. It is a perspective view of other 4th examples of a reflective material with which a heat shield concerning a 2nd embodiment is provided. It is sectional drawing equivalent to FIG. 13 of the other 4th example of a reflecting material. It is sectional drawing equivalent to FIG. 8 of a heat shield with the other 4th example of a reflecting material. It is a side view of the other 5th example of the reflecting material with which the heat shield concerning a 2nd embodiment is provided. It is a side view of the other 6th example of the reflecting material with which the heat shield concerning a 2nd embodiment is provided.

  Hereinafter, a heat shield according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description of the drawings, the same or similar parts are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals. However, it should be noted that the drawings are schematic and ratios of dimensions and the like are different from actual ones. Accordingly, specific dimensions and the like should be determined in consideration of the following description. Moreover, the part from which the relationship and ratio of a mutual dimension differ also in between drawings may be contained.

  First, the heat shield 1A according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a top view of a heat shield 1A according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the heat shield 1 </ b> A is fixed to the base body 40 through a binder 30. The heat shield 1 </ b> A includes a first layer (heat shield layer) 10 and a second layer (reflecting material layer) 20 formed on the surface layer portion 12 of the first layer 10. The first layer 10 is fixed to the surface of the base body 40 via a binder 30, and has an open surface 11 that receives solar incident light L1a and L2a, which is sunlight, and at least infrared light of the incident light L1a and L2a. The incident light L1a in the wavelength region is reflected to the open side of the open surface 11 (upper side in FIG. 2) with the first solar reflectance. The second layer 20 converges (converges) at least the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region of the incident light L1a and L2a to the open side of the open surface 11 of the first layer 10 with the second solar reflectance. Diffuse reflection. Although not particularly limited, the infrared wavelength range (including the near infrared wavelength range) is, for example, in the range of 780 nm to 2500 nm, and the visible light wavelength range (including the near ultraviolet wavelength range) is, for example, in the range of 300 nm to 780 nm.

  For example, the solar reflectance described in JP-A-2008-69632 can be used as the solar reflectance. However, in the present application, the term solar reflectance is used to indicate the rate at which the energy of the incident light L1a and L2a is absorbed by the heat shield 1A.

  The binder 30 fixes the heat shield 1A and the base 40 with a desired bonding force, and is appropriately selected from known materials according to the material of the heat shield 1A and the base 40, required durability, and the like. Can be used. For example, if the base body 40 which is a base is an asphalt pavement, the binder 30 is used which has a certain degree of elasticity and is excellent in toughness, weather resistance, and drying properties capable of maintaining the adhesion of the aggregate.

  The base 40 is, for example, a pavement through which people and vehicles pass, such as an asphalt pavement, a concrete pavement, and an interlocking pavement that are exposed to sunlight, a wall surface of a building, a roof, and the like.

  In FIG. 2, the bonding surface between the binder 30 and the heat shield 1 </ b> A and the bonding surface between the base body 40 and the heat shield 1 </ b> A are shown by straight lines, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, if the substrate 40 is an asphalt pavement, the bonding surface between the substrate 40 and the heat shield 1A has irregularities, and the bonding surface between the binder 30 and the heat shield 1A usually also has irregularities. It becomes. Further, the binder 30 may enter the heat shield 1A.

  Next, the heat shield 1A will be described in more detail. The first layer 10 of the heat shield 1A receives the incident light L1a and L2a of solar radiation at the open surface 11, and mainly reflects the incident light L1a in the infrared wavelength region of the incident light L1a and L2a as the first solar reflection. Reflected to the open side of the open surface 11 (upper side in FIG. 2) at a rate. Thereby, a part of thermal energy by the incident light L1a in the infrared wavelength region is radiated to the atmosphere without being absorbed by the first layer 10 (heat shield 1A). That is, in the first layer 10, an amount of thermal energy corresponding to the first solar reflectance is reflected in the atmosphere without being accumulated in the heat shield 1 </ b> A. The first layer 10 may also reflect the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region of the incident light L1a and L2a with an arbitrary solar reflectance.

  For the first layer 10, a known infrared heat shielding material can be used, and for example, a pigment described in JP 2008-69632 A can be used. For example, the first layer 10 may include a heat-reflecting special pigment that reflects infrared rays with a high solar reflectance (first solar reflectance) and hollow ceramic microspheres that retroreflect. The first solar reflectance can also be set arbitrarily, but the higher the first solar reflectance is, the more the thermal energy is accumulated by the incident light L1a in the infrared wavelength region.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the second layer 20 includes a plurality of concave portions (hereinafter, denoted by reference numeral 21) formed in the surface direction on the surface layer portion 12 of the first layer 10 as the reflective material 21. . Each of the plurality of recesses 21 has a circular shape in a top view, and has a recess surface (diffuse reflection surface) 23 whose cross section in the thickness direction (vertical direction in FIG. 2) faces the open side of the open surface 11 is an arc. . The concave surface 23 receives solar incident light L1a and L2a, reflects the incident light L1a in the infrared wavelength region to the open side with an arbitrary solar reflectance, and the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region is the second solar reflectance. And diffusely reflected so as to converge from the open surface 11 to the open side. At this time, the concave surface 23 diffusely reflects the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region so that the reflected light L2b in the visible light wavelength region intersects within a predetermined distance. The range of the predetermined spaced positions can be arbitrarily set. For example, a range of a predetermined distance (a range of a position separated from the later-described open surface 11 by a maximum intersection distance MFD) is set so as not to include the height of human eyes, and is not particularly limited. The height can be within a range of 1 cm to 30 cm from the open surface 11 that is located away from the human eye. Although it is conceivable that the range of the predetermined spaced positions is as low as possible, a thermal layer is formed on the open surface 11 when the position range is several millimeters very close to the open surface 11. Take into account the possibility of heat buildup.

  Although the arbitrary solar reflectance of the incident light L1a in the infrared wavelength region in the plurality of recesses 21 can be set as appropriate, the higher the heat energy accumulation by the incident light L1a in the infrared wavelength region is further suppressed.

  The arc shape of the cross section in the thickness direction of the concave surface 23 (each concave portion 21) reduces the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region such that the reflected light L2b in the visible light wavelength region intersects within a predetermined distance. The shape is set so as to reflect diffusely. The circular arc shape of the concave surface 23 is, for example, a parabolic shape. The recess surface 23 is processed to reflect light. For example, the concave surface 23 is fixed with a reflective material or coated with a reflective agent.

  In the second layer 20 having the above-described configuration, part of the thermal energy by the incident light L1a in the infrared wavelength region is not absorbed by the second layer 20 (heat shield 1A) but is emitted into the atmosphere. That is, in the second layer 20, an amount of thermal energy corresponding to an arbitrary solar reflectance is reflected in the atmosphere without being accumulated in the heat shield 1A. At the same time, in the second layer 20 having the above-described configuration, part of the heat energy by the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region is not absorbed by the second layer 20 (heat shield 1A) but diffusely reflected in the atmosphere. Radiated at. That is, in the second layer 20, an amount of thermal energy corresponding to the second solar reflectance is reflected in the atmosphere without being accumulated in the heat shield 1A. The second solar reflectance is, for example, 30% or more, but can be arbitrarily set depending on the performance required for the heat shield 1A. Then, the higher the second solar reflectance, the more the thermal energy accumulation due to the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region is further suppressed.

  A state of reflection of the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength range of solar radiation on the second layer 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a state of reflection of incident light L1a and L2a having an incident angle of 90 ° with respect to the open surface 11 by enlarging one concave portion 21 of FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a state of reflection of incident light L1a and L2a having an incident angle of 30 ° with respect to the open surface 11 by enlarging one recess 21 in FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a state of reflection of incident light L1a and L2a having an incident angle of 45 ° with respect to the open surface 11 by enlarging one concave portion 21 of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the concave portion 21 has a depth (depth of the concave portion) D and a diameter (diameter of the concave portion) W, and has a shape obtained by cutting out a part of a sphere. In addition, the incident angle of the incident light L1a and L2a of the solar radiation with respect to the heat shield 1A is the direction in which the incident angle of the actual solar radiation obtained from the latitude of the place where the heat shield 1A is provided and the open surface 11 of the heat shield 1A is directed. It is determined by.

  In FIG. 3, incident light L <b> 2 a in the visible light wavelength region is incident on the concave surface 23 of the concave 21 from a direction (specific direction) of 90 ° with respect to the open surface 11 of the first layer 10. Incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region incident on the concave surface 23 is reflected to the open side of the open surface 11 as reflected light L2b in the visible light wavelength region. At this time, the reflected light L2b in the visible light wavelength region intersects at one focal point P1 at a position away from the open surface 11 by the focal distance FD. Then, the reflected light L2b in the visible light wavelength region intersects at one focal point P1 and is then dispersed. In this embodiment, when the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region is incident on the open surface 11 from the direction of 90 °, the cross-sectional arc shape of the concave surface 23 is one reflected light L2b in the visible light wavelength region. The crossing is performed at the focal point P1, but the present invention is not limited to this.

  In FIG. 4, the incident light L <b> 2 a in the visible light wavelength region is incident on the concave surface 23 of the concave 21 from the direction of 30 ° with respect to the open surface 11 of the first layer 10. Incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region incident on the concave surface 23 is reflected to the open side of the open surface 11 as reflected light L2b in the visible light wavelength region. At this time, the reflected light L2b in the visible light wavelength region intersects at a plurality of intersections P2 within a position away from the open surface 11 by the maximum intersection distance MFD. That is, the reflected light L2b in the visible light wavelength region converges within a position away from the open surface 11 by the maximum intersection distance MFD. Then, the reflected light L2b in the visible light wavelength region is dispersed after intersecting at a plurality of intersections P2.

  In FIG. 5, the incident light L <b> 2 a in the visible light wavelength region is incident on the concave surface 23 of the concave 21 from the direction of 45 ° with respect to the open surface 11 of the first layer 10. Incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region incident on the concave surface 23 is reflected to the open side of the open surface 11 as reflected light L2b in the visible light wavelength region. At this time, the reflected light L2b in the visible light wavelength region intersects at a plurality of intersections P2 within a position away from the open surface 11 by the maximum intersection distance MFD. That is, the reflected light L2b in the visible light wavelength region converges within a position away from the open surface 11 by the maximum intersection distance MFD. Then, the reflected light L2b in the visible light wavelength region is dispersed after intersecting at a plurality of intersections P2.

  In the first embodiment, part of the thermal energy by the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region is not absorbed by the second layer 20 (heat shield 1A) but is radiated by diffuse reflection into the atmosphere. Thereby, not only heat absorption and heat accumulation by energy incidence by the incident light L1a in the infrared wavelength region, but also heat absorption and heat accumulation by energy incidence by the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region can be suppressed. For example, when there is an effect of reducing the road surface temperature at 10 ° C. and 2 ° C. at night by suppressing heat absorption and heat accumulation by incident light L1a in the infrared wavelength region, the heat shield 1A according to the first embodiment is visible. Since heat absorption and heat accumulation due to energy incidence by the incident light L2a in the light wavelength range are also suppressed, there is an effect of further reducing the road surface temperature day and night. For this reason, the higher heat shielding with respect to the base | substrate 40 is realizable, the inhibitory effect of the temperature rise of the base | substrate 40 is high, and a heat island phenomenon can be suppressed effectively.

  Further, in the first embodiment, when the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region is reflected to the open side of the open surface 11, it is dispersedly reflected by the concave surface 23 and within a position away from the open surface 11 by the maximum intersection distance MFD. It is converged and then dispersed. For this reason, even if the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength range, which may cause glare, is reflected with a high solar reflectance (second solar reflectance), the reflected light L2b is not dazzling to human eyes. Is reflected. As a result, even if the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region is reflected with a high solar reflectance (second solar reflectance) in order to suppress energy absorption and accumulation in the heat shield 1A, it is dazzled by the reflected light L2b. Can be greatly reduced and suppressed. For this reason, even if it is the environment (for example, the base | substrate 40 is a roadway) where glare is not liked, 1 A of heat shields can be provided without a problem. It should be noted that all reflected light is not limited to converge within a position separated from the open surface 11 by the maximum intersection distance MFD, and most reflected light may be converged within the position. There is an effect.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, not only energy incidence by the incident light L1a in the infrared wavelength region but also energy incidence by the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region is suppressed, and at the same time, the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region. The glare caused by the reflected light L2b can be suppressed.

  Next, a heat shield 1B according to a modification of the first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2 of a heat shield 1B according to a modification of the first embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same part as 1 A of heat shields which concern on 1st Embodiment mentioned above, and a different part is mainly demonstrated.

  The heat shield 1B according to the modification of the first embodiment is different from the heat shield 1A according to the first embodiment only in that a filling unit 50 is further provided. The filling unit 50 fills the inside of the recess 21 so that the upper surface is substantially flush with the open surface 11, and part or all of the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region of the solar incident light L1a and L2a. Pass to the concave surface 23. Of the incident light L1a and L2a of solar radiation, the incident light L1a in the infrared wavelength region may be reflected by the concave surface 23, reflected by the filling portion 50, or reflected by both of them.

  In the modification of the first embodiment, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained. In addition, a filling portion 50 is provided to fill the interior of the recess 21 so that the upper surface is substantially flush with the open surface 11. Thereby, the penetration | invasion and retention of liquids, such as sand, dust, and water, can be prevented in the inside of the recessed part 21. FIG. Thereby, reduction of the reflective function of the recessed part 21 can be suppressed.

  Further, in the modification of the first embodiment, since the open surface 11 that is the upper surface can be made smooth, even if the base body 40 is an asphalt pavement or the like on which people or vehicles pass, such as unevenness, The heat shield 1B does not hinder traffic. In addition, when the base 40 is an asphalt pavement or the like through which a person or a vehicle passes, the open surface 11 and the surface of the filling portion 50 have irregularities at a level of several millimeters in order to secure an arbitrary frictional force. May be.

  Next, a heat shield 1C according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 7 is a top view of the heat shield 1C according to the second embodiment. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG. FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a reflector provided in the heat shield according to the second embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same part as 1 A of heat shields which concern on 1st Embodiment mentioned above, and a different part is mainly demonstrated.

  A heat shield 1C according to the second embodiment is a second layer including a plurality of spheres 60 as the reflector 60 instead of the recesses 21 of the second layer 20 of the heat shield 1A according to the first embodiment. (Reflective material layer) 20A is provided. The first layer 10 </ b> A transmits part or all of the incident light L <b> 2 a in the visible light wavelength region of the solar incident light L <b> 1 a and L <b> 2 a to the sphere 60. The reflection and absorption characteristics of the first layer 10A with respect to the incident light L1a in the infrared wavelength region are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted here. The open surface 11A of the first layer 10A is a smooth surface without large irregularities. As in the modification of the first embodiment, the open surface 11A may have irregularities at a level of several millimeters in order to ensure an arbitrary frictional force.

  The second layer 20 </ b> A includes a plurality of transparent spheres (hereinafter referred to as the number 60) scattered in the first layer 10 </ b> A as the reflective material 60. In the second layer 20A, a plurality of spheres 60 are scattered in the planar direction (left and right vertical direction in FIG. 7), and arranged in one layer in the thickness direction (vertical direction in FIG. 8). The second layer 20A (the plurality of spheres 60) opens the first layer 10A with a second solar reflectance with respect to incident light L2a in at least the visible light wavelength region of the incident light transmitted through the first layer 10A. Diffuse reflection is performed so as to converge (converge) on the open side of the surface 11A. For example, at least a part of the plurality of spheres 60 is transparent. The layer includes a layer shape, and includes a layer in which the centers of the plurality of spheres 60 are not aligned in the thickness direction.

  FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a plurality of spheres 60. Hereinafter, although it demonstrates in detail about the some spherical body 60, it is not limited to the following structures.

  As shown in FIG. 9, each of the plurality of spheres 60 includes a main body portion 61 having a partial spherical surface shape, and a hollow surface (diffuse reflection surface) 63 having a circular arc cross section formed in the main body portion 61. A plurality of depressions (recesses) 62 are provided. The sphere 60 has a shape in which a dent is added to the sphere. The depression surface 63 is processed to reflect light. For example, the concave surface 63 is fixed with a reflective material such as a mirror or coated with a reflective agent. The circular arc shape of the depression surface 63 (the depression 62) diffuses and reflects the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region so that the reflected light L2b in the visible light wavelength region intersects within a predetermined distance. Set to shape. The cross-sectional arc shape of the hollow surface 63 is, for example, a parabolic shape.

  Each of the plurality of indentations 62 having an arc cross section has an indentation surface 63 and incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region of incident light L1a and L2a from a specific direction (for example, a direction toward the center of the sphere 60). Is reflected so as to intersect at one focal point within a position separated from the depression surface 63 by the maximum intersection distance. Further, with respect to incident light L1a and L2a from directions other than the specific direction (for example, a direction inclined by an angle of 30 ° or 45 ° with respect to the direction toward the center of the sphere 60), at least the incident in the visible light wavelength region The light L <b> 2 a is reflected so as to intersect at a plurality of intersections within a position away from the depression surface 63 by the maximum intersection distance.

  In FIG. 8, the first layer 10 </ b> A transmits a part of the incident light L <b> 1 a in the infrared wavelength region of the solar incident light L <b> 1 a and L <b> 2 a to the plurality of spheres 60. A part of the transmitted incident light L1a in the infrared wavelength region is reflected by the plurality of spheres 60, and reflected to the open side of the open surface 11A as reflected light L1c in the infrared wavelength region. A configuration in which only the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region is reflected by the plurality of spheres 60 may be used.

  Similarly to the heat shield 1 </ b> A according to the first embodiment, also in the heat shield 1 </ b> C according to the second embodiment, the reflected light L <b> 2 b in the visible light wavelength region is open for the individual distributed reflections of the plurality of spheres 60. It intersects at a plurality of intersections P2 within a position separated from the surface 11A by the maximum intersection distance MFD. In other words, the reflected light L2b in the visible light wavelength region converges (converges) within a position away from the open surface 11A by the maximum intersection distance MFD. Then, the reflected light L2b in the visible light wavelength region is dispersed after intersecting at a plurality of intersections P2.

  The plurality of spheres 60 are dispersed in the first layer 10 when the heat shield 1C is formed (constructed) on the base body 40.

  In 2nd Embodiment, there can exist an effect similar to the said 1st Embodiment and its modification. That is, in the second embodiment, part of the thermal energy by the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region is not absorbed by the second layer 20A (heat shield 1C) but is radiated to the atmosphere by diffuse reflection. Thereby, not only heat absorption and heat accumulation by energy incidence by the incident light L1a in the infrared wavelength region, but also heat absorption and heat accumulation by energy incidence by the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region can be suppressed. For example, when there is an effect of reducing the road surface temperature at 10 ° C. in the daytime and 2 ° C. in the nighttime by suppressing heat absorption and heat accumulation by the incident light L1a in the infrared wavelength region, the heat shield 1C according to the present embodiment is visible light Since heat absorption and heat accumulation due to energy incidence by the incident light L2a in the wavelength range are also suppressed, there is an effect of further reducing the road surface temperature day and night. For this reason, the higher heat shielding with respect to the base | substrate 40 is realizable, the inhibitory effect of the temperature rise of the base | substrate 40 is high, and a heat island phenomenon can be suppressed effectively.

  Further, in the second embodiment, when the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region is reflected to the open side of the open surface 11A, it is dispersedly reflected by the hollow surface 63 (the hollow 62), and is separated from the open surface 11A by the maximum intersection distance MFD. Converged within the specified position and then dispersed. For this reason, even if the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength range, which may cause glare, is reflected with a high solar reflectance (second solar reflectance), the reflected light L2b is not dazzling to human eyes. Is reflected. As a result, even if the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region is reflected with a high solar reflectance (second solar reflectance) in order to suppress energy absorption and accumulation in the heat shield 1C, it is dazzled by the reflected light L2b. Can be greatly reduced and suppressed. For this reason, even if it is the environment (for example, the base | substrate 40 is a roadway) where glare is not liked, 1 C of heat shields can be provided without a problem.

  As described above, according to the second embodiment, not only energy incidence by the incident light L1a in the infrared wavelength region but also energy incidence by the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region is suppressed, and at the same time, the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region. The glare caused by the reflected light L2b can be suppressed.

  Further, in the second embodiment, since the open surface 11A that is the upper surface can be made smooth, even if the base body 40 is an asphalt pavement or the like through which a person or vehicle is not suitable for unevenness, a heat shield. 1C does not interfere with traffic. Moreover, since the open surface 11A of the first layer 10A is a smooth surface without an integral large unevenness, the durability of the heat shield 1C is high. In addition, when the base 40 is an asphalt pavement or the like through which a person or a vehicle passes, the surface of the open surface 11A may have irregularities at a level of several millimeters in order to secure an arbitrary frictional force.

  In addition, since the heat shield 1C can be formed by simply dispersing and dispersing the plurality of spheres 60 in the first layer 10A, the formation and construction can be easily performed and the construction period can be shortened. Costs can also be reduced.

  Next, a heat shield 1D according to a modification of the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 8 of a heat shield 1D according to a modification of the second embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to 1 C of heat shields which concern on 2nd Embodiment mentioned above, and a different part is mainly demonstrated.

  In the heat shield 1D, the reflective material 60 (a plurality of spheres) of the second layer 20B is scattered in the plane direction (left and right vertical direction in FIG. 7), and is arranged in two layers in the thickness direction (vertical direction in FIG. 10). This is different from the heat shield 1C according to the second embodiment only in the point. The plurality of spheres 60 may be arranged in a plurality of layers more than two layers in the thickness direction (vertical direction in FIG. 10), and the positions overlap in the thickness direction (vertical direction in FIG. 10). That is, the centers of the plurality of spheres 60 may be shifted from each other.

  In the modification of the second embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment, its modification, and the second embodiment can be obtained. Further, since the plurality of spheres 60 are arranged in two layers in the thickness direction, the incident light L1a that has entered the base 40 side through the plurality of spheres 60 arranged on the upper side (the open surface 11A side), L2a can be reflected to the open side of the open surface 11A by a plurality of spheres 60 arranged on the lower side (base 40 side). Thereby, the reflectance of incident light L1a and L2a can be raised more.

  Next, another example of the reflective material 60 provided in the heat shields 1C and 1D according to the second embodiment and its modification will be described. FIGS. 11A to 16 show other first to sixth examples of the reflectors 60A to 60F provided in the heat shields 1C and 1D according to the second embodiment and the modifications thereof.

  FIG. 11A is a perspective view of a reflective material 60A of another first example. FIG. 11B is a top view of the reflective material 60A, and FIG. 11C is a side view of the reflective material 60A. FIG. 11D is a cross-sectional view taken along line XID-XID in FIG. 11C.

  As shown in FIGS. 11A to 11D, the reflective material 60A has an elongated strip shape, and the front surface and the back surface have a recess 70A. The surface of the recess 70A is subjected to a process for reflecting light. For example, the surface of the recess 70A is fixed with a reflective material such as a mirror or coated with a reflective agent. A plurality of such reflective materials 60A are scattered in the first layer 10A to form the second layer (reflective material layer) 20A. The reflective member 60A reflects at least one incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region of the incident light L1a and L2a from the vertical direction of FIGS. 11B and 11C so as to intersect at one focal point by the concave portion 70A. Further, the reflective member 60A includes a plurality of the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region among the incident light L1a and L2a from the oblique direction of FIGS. Reflects to intersect at the intersection.

  The reflective material 60A is dispersed in the first layer 10A when the heat shields 1C and 1D are formed (constructed) on the base body 40. For this reason, the heat shields 1C and 1D are easy to construct and can reduce time and cost. Further, the reflective member 60A is arranged so that the concave portion 70A on either the front surface or the back surface thereof faces the open surface 11A side relatively. For this reason, it can diffuse-reflect so that more incident light L2a may be converged.

  FIG. 12A is a perspective view of another second example of the reflector 60B. 12B is a top view of the reflective material 60B, and FIG. 12C is a side view of the reflective material 60B. 12D is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIID-XIID in FIG. 12C.

  As shown in FIGS. 12A to 12D, the reflective material 60B has a columnar shape extending in the vertical direction, and the front surface and the back surface have concave portions 70B. The surface of the recess 70B is processed to reflect light. For example, the surface of the recess 70B is fixed with a reflective material such as a mirror or coated with a reflective agent. A plurality of such reflective materials 60B are scattered in the first layer 10A to form the second layer (reflective material layer) 20A of the second embodiment. The reflective member 60B reflects at least one incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region of the incident light L1a and L2a from the vertical direction of FIGS. 12B and 12C so as to intersect at one focal point by the concave portion 70B. In addition, the reflecting material 60B includes a plurality of the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region of the concave portion 70B that is at least in the visible light wavelength region of the incident light L1a and L2a from the oblique direction in FIGS. Reflects to intersect at the intersection.

  The reflective material 60B is dispersed in the first layer 10A when the heat shields 1C and 1D are provided (constructed) on the base body 40. For this reason, when the base | substrate 40 is a road etc., construction of heat shield 1C, 1D is easy, and it can reduce time and cost. Further, the reflective member 60B is disposed so that the concave portion 70B on either the front surface or the back surface thereof faces the open surface 11A side relatively. For this reason, it can diffuse-reflect so that more incident light L2a may be converged.

  FIG. 13A is a perspective view of a reflective material 60C of another third example. 13B is a top view of the reflective material 60C, and FIG. 13C is a side view of the reflective material 60C. 13D is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIIID-XIIID in FIG. 13C.

  As shown in FIGS. 13A to 13D, the reflective member 60C has a shape in which a sphere is flattened, and has a curved surface 70C1 on the flat curved surface side and a concave portion 70C2 that is a curved inner surface. The reflective material 60C is transparent, but the surface of one of the recesses 70C2 is processed to reflect light that has entered the reflective material 60C through the surface 70C1. In other words, the lower half of the reflective material 60C is a reflective surface. For example, a reflective material such as a mirror is fixed or coated on a surface 70C1 on one side corresponding to the surface of the recess 70C2. A plurality of such reflective materials 60C are scattered in the first layer 10A to form the second layer (reflective material layer) 20A of the second embodiment. The reflective member 60C reflects at least one incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region of the incident light L1a and L2a from above in FIGS. 13C and 13D so as to intersect at one focal point by the concave portion 70C2. Further, the reflective material 60C includes a plurality of the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region among the incident light L1a and L2a from the oblique direction of FIGS. 13B and 13C within the concave portion 70C2 within a position away from the concave portion 70C2 by the maximum intersection distance. Reflects to intersect at the intersection.

  The reflective material 60C is dispersed in the first layer 10A when the heat shields 1C and 1D are provided (constructed) on the base body 40. For this reason, when the base | substrate 40 is a road etc., construction of heat shield 1C, 1D is easy, and it can reduce time and cost. Further, the reflecting material 60C is arranged so that the concave portion 70C2 thereof faces the open surface 11A side relatively because of its shape. For this reason, it can diffuse-reflect so that more incident light L2a may be converged.

  FIG. 14A is a perspective view of a reflective material 60D of another fourth example. FIG. 14B is a cross-sectional view of the reflective material 60D corresponding to FIG. FIG. 14C is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 8 of the heat shield 1C including the reflective material 60D.

  The reflective material 60D includes a plurality of reflectors 80 and a reflective sheet 81 such as aluminum. As shown in FIGS. 14A to 14C, each of the reflectors 80 has a shape similar to that of the reflector 60C, that is, a shape obtained by flattening a sphere, and a curved surface 80a and a concave portion 80b that is a curved inner surface. Have The reflector 80 is transparent, but unlike the reflector 60C, no treatment for reflecting light is performed on any of the surface 80a and the recess 80b. A plurality of such reflectors 80 are scattered in the first layer 10A, and the reflection sheet 81 is disposed under the plurality of reflectors 80, so that the second layer (reflection) of the second embodiment is provided. Material layer) 20A is formed. The reflector 60D intersects at least one incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region of the incident light L1a and L2a from above in FIG. 14C with one focal point by the cooperation of the reflector 80 and the reflecting sheet 81. Reflect on. Further, the reflector 60D cooperates with the reflector 80 and the reflection sheet 81 to transmit at least the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region of the incident light L1a and L2a from the obliquely upward direction in FIG. Reflection is performed so as to intersect at a plurality of intersections within a position away from the reflection sheet 81 by the maximum intersection distance.

  In the reflector 60D, when the heat shields 1C and 1D are provided (constructed) on the base body 40, the reflector 80 is dispersed in the first layer 10A after the reflection sheet 81 is laid. For this reason, when the base | substrate 40 is a road etc., construction of heat shield 1C, 1D is easy, and it can reduce time and cost. Further, the reflecting material 60D is arranged so that the concave portion 80b is relatively directed to the open surface 11A side. For this reason, it can diffuse-reflect so that more incident light L2a may be converged.

  FIG. 15 is a side view of a reflective material 60E of another fifth example. As shown in FIG. 15, the reflective material 60 </ b> E has an elliptical shape, and has depressions 90 on the top, bottom, left, and right in a side view. The reflective member 60E is transparent and includes, for example, a metallic reflecting mirror 92 having a concave portion (concave surface) 94 facing outward. The reflecting mirror 92 is provided corresponding to each recess 90, and the recess 94 is open in the same direction as the corresponding recess 90. Each recessed part 94 reflects the light which entered the inside through the surface of the reflective material 60E. A plurality of such reflective materials 60E are scattered in the first layer 10A to form the second layer (reflective material layer) 20A of the second embodiment. The reflective member 60E reflects at least one incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region of the incident light L1a and L2a from the vertical and horizontal directions in FIG. Further, the reflecting material 60E includes a plurality of the incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region among the incident light L1a and L2a from the oblique direction of FIG. Reflects to intersect at the intersection. Note that the number of the recesses 90 and the reflecting mirrors 92 (recesses 94) is not limited to four, and may be three or less, or five or more.

  The reflective material 60E is dispersed in the first layer 10A when the heat shields 1C and 1D are provided (constructed) on the base body 40. For this reason, when the base | substrate 40 is a road etc., construction of heat shield 1C, 1D is easy, and it can reduce time and cost. Further, the reflecting material 60E is arranged so that the concave portion 94 faces the open surface 11A side relatively because of its shape. Further, since the reflective material 60E is provided with a plurality of concave portions 94, there is a high possibility that any of the concave portions 94 faces the open surface 11A side. For this reason, it can diffuse-reflect so that more incident light L2a may be converged.

  FIG. 16 is a side view of a reflective material 60F of another sixth example. As shown in FIG. 16, the reflective material 60F is spherical and has depressions 96 on the top, bottom, left, and right in a side view. The reflective material 60F is transparent and includes, for example, a metallic reflecting mirror 97 having a concave portion (concave surface) 98 facing outward. The reflecting mirror 97 is provided corresponding to each recess 96, and the recess 98 is open in the same direction as the corresponding recess 96. Each recessed part 98 reflects the light which entered the inside through the surface of the reflective material 60F. A plurality of such reflectors 60F are scattered in the first layer 10A to form the second layer (reflector layer) 20A of the second embodiment. The reflective material 60F reflects at least one incident light L2a in the visible light wavelength region of the incident light L1a and L2a from the vertical and horizontal directions in FIG. In addition, the reflecting material 60F includes a plurality of the incident light L2a in at least the visible light wavelength region among the incident light L1a and L2a from the oblique direction of FIG. Reflects to intersect at the intersection. The number of the recesses 96 and the reflecting mirrors 97 (recesses 98) is not limited to four, and may be 3 or less, or 5 or more.

  The reflective material 60F is dispersed in the first layer 10A when the heat shields 1C and 1D are provided (constructed) on the base body 40. For this reason, when the base | substrate 40 is a road etc., construction of heat shield 1C, 1D is easy, and it can reduce time and cost. Moreover, since the reflective material 60F is provided with a plurality of concave portions 98, there is a high possibility that any of the concave portions 98 faces the open surface 11A side. For this reason, it can diffuse-reflect so that more incident light L2a may be converged.

  Each of the above embodiments is not particularly illustrated, but can be applied to various fields around daily life such as clothes other than roads and wall surfaces.

  Although the contents of the present invention have been disclosed through the embodiments of the present invention as described above, it should not be understood that the descriptions and drawings constituting a part of this disclosure limit the present invention. From this disclosure, various alternative embodiments, examples, and operational techniques will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

  It goes without saying that the present invention includes various embodiments not described herein. Therefore, the technical scope of the present invention is determined only by the invention specifying matters according to the scope of claims reasonable from the above description.

1A, 1B, 1C, 1D ... heat shield 10, 10A ... first layer 11, 11A ... open surface 12 ... surface layer portion 20, 20A, 20B ... second layer (reflecting material layer)
21 ... Reflecting material (concave)
23 ... concave surface (diffuse reflection surface)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 30 ... Binder 40 ... Base | substrate 50 ... Filling part 60, 60A, 60B, 60C, 60D, 60E, 60F ... Reflective material 61 ... Main-body part 62 ... Depression (recessed part)
63 ... depression surface (diffuse reflection surface)
70A, 70B ... concave portion 70C1 ... surface 70C2 ... concave portion 80 ... reflector 80a ... surface 80b ... concave portion 81 ... reflective sheet 90, 96 ... concave 92, 97 ... reflector 94, 98 ... concave (concave)
L1a: Incident light in the infrared wavelength region L1b, L1c: Reflected light in the infrared wavelength region L2a: Incident light in the visible light wavelength region L2b: Reflected light in the visible light wavelength region D ... Depth of recess W: Diameter of the recess P1: Focus P2 ... Intersection FD ... Focal distance MFD ... Maximum intersection distance

Claims (13)

A thermal barrier layer provided on the surface of the substrate and having an open surface for receiving incident light;
A reflective material that is provided on the heat shield layer and diffusely reflects the incident light in the visible light wavelength region of at least the incident light so as to converge on the open side of the open surface of the heat shield layer;
Heat shield with 2. The heat shield according to claim 1, wherein the reflective material diffusely reflects incident light in a visible light wavelength region of the incident light so as to intersect at a position spaced from the open surface to the open side. 3. The heat shield according to claim 1, wherein the reflective member includes a plurality of recesses having a circular cross section in a thickness direction facing the open side. 4. 4. The heat shield according to claim 3, wherein each of the plurality of concave portions reflects incident light in a visible light wavelength region out of incident light from a specific direction so as to intersect at one focal point. 5. The heat shield according to claim 3, wherein each of the plurality of recesses has a circular arc shape in cross section, and diffusely reflects incident light in a visible light wavelength region of the incident light. The reflective material is provided on the surface layer portion on the open side of the heat shield layer,
The shielding according to any one of claims 3 to 5, further comprising a filling portion that fills the inside of the plurality of recesses and allows incident light in a visible light wavelength region of the incident light to pass to the surfaces of the plurality of recesses. Thermal body. The heat shield according to claim 1, wherein the reflector is scattered in the heat shield layer. 8. The heat shield according to claim 1, wherein the reflector includes a plurality of spheres, a plurality of strips, or a plurality of cylinders each having at least one of the plurality of recesses. body. The reflector comprises a plurality of flat spheres each having one of the plurality of recesses,
8. The heat shield according to claim 1, wherein the one recess is provided on an inner surface on one side of a flat curved surface of the flat sphere. The reflector is
A plurality of reflectors scattered in the thermal barrier layer;
A reflective sheet provided between the plurality of reflectors and the substrate;
The heat shield according to claim 1, comprising: The heat shield according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the visible light wavelength range is in a range of 300 nm to 780 nm. 12. The heat shield according to claim 1, wherein the reflector diffusely reflects at least incident light in the visible light wavelength region of the incident light with a solar reflectance of 30% or more. A method for forming a heat shield according to any one of claims 1 to 5, 7 to 9, and 11, 12.
A method for forming a heat shield in which the reflective material is dispersed in the heat shield layer when the heat shield layer is provided on the surface of the substrate.

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