JP2015146665A - Power automatic control method and power automatic control system for maintaining indoor environment and contract power - Google Patents

Power automatic control method and power automatic control system for maintaining indoor environment and contract power Download PDF

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JP2015146665A
JP2015146665A JP2014018123A JP2014018123A JP2015146665A JP 2015146665 A JP2015146665 A JP 2015146665A JP 2014018123 A JP2014018123 A JP 2014018123A JP 2014018123 A JP2014018123 A JP 2014018123A JP 2015146665 A JP2015146665 A JP 2015146665A
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JP5983956B2 (en
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弘雅 山口
Hiromasa Yamaguchi
弘雅 山口
雄一郎 田口
Yuichiro Taguchi
雄一郎 田口
良真 岩井
Yoshimasa Iwai
良真 岩井
藤村 昌弘
Masahiro Fujimura
昌弘 藤村
直幹 松下
Naomiki Matsushita
直幹 松下
裕幸 米本
Hiroyuki YONEMOTO
裕幸 米本
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AREFU NET KK
Kansai Electric Power Co Inc
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AREFU NET KK
Kansai Electric Power Co Inc
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/70Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04SSYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/50Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04SSYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

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  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power automatic control method and a power automatic control system performing demand control achieving both avoidance of exceeding the contract power and maintenance of environment.SOLUTION: An upper limit threshold of power consumption at each moment in time represented by a target upper limit setting line reaching a target upper limit power consumption in time proportion, and a lower limit threshold of power consumption at each moment in time represented by a target lower limit setting line reaching a target lower limit power consumption in time proportion, are provided. When power consumption goes above the upper limit threshold, a power load is disconnected or power output is limited, and when power consumption goes below the lower limit threshold, the power load is reinput and output limit is released. A plurality of levels are also provided previously depending on the degree of energy saving and the degree of emergency, the levels are switched and sudden change of the environment is suppressed. Furthermore, continuous control is possible even after elapse of the demand time, by maintaining the control level immediately before.

Description

本発明は、ビル、工場等の施設において、共通の電力線に接続された複数の対象機器の運転を制御し、対象機器の消費電力量を所定の設定上限値以下に抑制するデマンド制御を行うシステムであって、室内環境と契約電力維持を行える電力自動制御方法および電力自動制御システムに関するものである。   The present invention is a system for performing demand control that controls the operation of a plurality of target devices connected to a common power line in a facility such as a building or factory, and suppresses the power consumption of the target devices below a predetermined set upper limit value. The present invention relates to an automatic power control method and an automatic power control system capable of maintaining contract power with the indoor environment.

ビル、工場等の施設において、共通の電力線に接続された複数の対象機器を制御し、予め決められた単位時間(デマンド時間といい、通常は30分単位)の対象機器の消費電力量を所定の設定上限値(デマンド値)以下に抑制するデマンド制御が知られている。ここで、デマンド値とは、予め決められた単位時間(通常は30分単位)の消費電力量のうち、1ヶ月の中で最大の値をいう。デマンド値は、最大需要電力ともいい、電力会社の電力料金算出に使われている。デマンド制御は、デマンド時間毎に、開始時点から対象機器の消費電力量を計測し、デマンド時間終了時点における対象機器の消費電力量が予め設定された上限値を超過する可能性を判断し、対象機器の運転を制御する。   Controls multiple target devices connected to a common power line in a facility such as a building or factory, and sets the power consumption of the target device for a predetermined unit time (referred to as demand time, usually in units of 30 minutes). Demand control is known that suppresses the value to less than the set upper limit value (demand value). Here, the demand value refers to the maximum value in one month among the power consumption for a predetermined unit time (usually in units of 30 minutes). The demand value is also referred to as the maximum demand power, and is used for calculating the electricity charge of the power company. Demand control measures the power consumption of the target device at the start time for each demand time, determines the possibility that the power consumption of the target device at the end of the demand time exceeds the preset upper limit, Control the operation of the equipment.

従来からデマンド制御方法として、様々な制御方法が提案されている。例えば、特許文献1の開示技術は、デマンド時間の終了時点での対象機器の消費電力量が目標消費電力量を超過する可能性を適切に判断し、対象機器の消費電力量を所定の上限値以下に抑制するものであり、対象機器の消費電力制御の処理内容を決定する制御レベル判定部および制御パターン決定部を備え、決定された処理内容に基づいて対象機器の運転を制御する。
しかし、特許文献1の開示技術における制御レベル判定部および制御パターン決定部では、デマンド時間における目標消費電力量を第1閾値とし、デマンド時間における上限消費電力量を第2閾値として処理内容を決定するが、一度遮断ないし出力制限すると復帰までに最大でデマンド時間の30分かかり、すなわち次のデマンド時間開始時点にならないと対象機器の消費電力制御の処理内容がリセットされないことから、環境悪化につながるという問題があった。
Conventionally, various control methods have been proposed as demand control methods. For example, the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 appropriately determines the possibility that the power consumption of the target device at the end of the demand time exceeds the target power consumption, and sets the power consumption of the target device to a predetermined upper limit value. A control level determination unit and a control pattern determination unit that determine the processing content of the power consumption control of the target device are provided to control the operation of the target device based on the determined processing content.
However, the control level determination unit and the control pattern determination unit in the technology disclosed in Patent Literature 1 determine the processing content using the target power consumption amount during demand time as the first threshold value and the upper limit power consumption amount during demand time as the second threshold value. However, once it is shut down or output limited, it takes up to 30 minutes of demand time to recover, that is, the processing content of power consumption control of the target device will not be reset unless the next demand time starts, which will lead to environmental degradation There was a problem.

特許文献2に開示された環境維持型契約電力超過防止電力デマンド制御方法も、特許文献1と同様に、デマンド対象機器が一度停止すると契約時間が経過するまで停止機器テーブルを初期状態に戻すことはなく(特許文献2の図2の動作フローチャートを参照)、最大で契約時間であるデマンド時間の30分かかり、環境悪化につながるという問題があった。   Similarly to Patent Document 1, the environmental maintenance type contract power excess prevention power demand control method disclosed in Patent Document 2 also returns the stopped device table to the initial state until the contract time elapses once the demand target device stops. (Refer to the operation flowchart in FIG. 2 of Patent Document 2), it takes 30 minutes of demand time, which is the contract time, at the maximum, leading to a problem of environmental degradation.

特開2007−195392号公報JP 2007-195392 A 特開平11−332098号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-332098

かかる状況に鑑みて、本発明は、十分に契約電力を上回らないと判断される時間比例の閾値を設け、この閾値を下回った時に、電力負荷の再投入及び出力制限の解除を行うことによって、契約電力超過の回避と環境維持の両方を実現するデマンド制御を行う電力自動制御方法および電力自動制御システムを提供することを目的とする。
また、本発明は、デマンド制御に複数段階のレベルを設け、段階ごとに電力負荷の制御範囲を割り振りそのレベルを緊急度に応じ対応させることで、環境の急変を抑え、環境的な人的ストレスを回避し、かつ契約電力超過の回避が可能なデマンド制御を行う電力自動制御方法および電力自動制御システムを提供することを目的とする。
さらに、本発明は、デマンド時間経過後も、前回の制御レベルを持ちこすことで、環境の急変を抑え、連続的な制御を可能とする電力自動制御方法および電力自動制御システムを提供することを目的とする。
In view of such a situation, the present invention provides a time-proportional threshold value that is determined not to sufficiently exceed the contract power, and when it falls below this threshold, by re-inputting the power load and canceling the output restriction, An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic power control method and an automatic power control system that perform demand control that realizes both avoidance of contract power excess and environmental maintenance.
In addition, the present invention provides a plurality of levels for demand control, allocates a control range of electric power load for each level, and responds to the level according to the degree of urgency, thereby suppressing sudden environmental changes and environmental human stress. It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic power control method and an automatic power control system that perform demand control capable of avoiding excess contract power and avoiding excessive contract power.
Furthermore, the present invention provides an automatic power control method and an automatic power control system that suppresses a sudden change in the environment and enables continuous control by bringing the previous control level after the demand time has elapsed. Objective.

上記課題を達成すべく、本発明の電力自動制御システムは、下記(1)〜(3)を備え、デマンド時間内に対象機器の消費電力量を所定の設定上限値以下に抑制するデマンド制御を行うシステムにおいて、制御状態決定手段は、省エネ度合い及び緊急度合いに応じて予め設定された複数段階の何れかのレベルに切り替えるものであり、下記(a)〜(c)を用いて、現時点の受電電力量が上限閾値を上回った場合、電力負荷の切断あるいは電力出力制限を行うようにレベルを切り替え、下限閾値を下回った場合、電力負荷の投入あるいは電力出力制限解除を行うようにレベルを切り替えることを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, an automatic power control system of the present invention includes the following (1) to (3), and performs demand control that suppresses power consumption of a target device to a predetermined set upper limit value or less within a demand time. In the system to be performed, the control state determination means switches to any one of a plurality of levels set in advance according to the degree of energy saving and the degree of emergency, and uses the following (a) to (c) to When the amount of electric power exceeds the upper limit threshold, the level is switched so that the power load is cut off or the power output is limited. It is characterized by.

(1)受電電力量を計測する受電電力量計測手段
(2)予め決められた単位時間となるデマンド時間内に、受電電力量計測手段により計測された受電電力量に基づいて対象機器の制御状態を決定する制御状態決定手段
(3)制御状態決定手段により決定した制御状態に基づいて対象機器の運転を制御する運転制御手段
(1) Received power amount measuring means for measuring the received power amount (2) Control state of the target device based on the received power amount measured by the received power amount measuring means within a demand time that is a predetermined unit time (3) Operation control means for controlling the operation of the target device based on the control state determined by the control state determination means

(a)契約受電電力量より少ない予め設定されたデマンド時間終了時点における目標上限消費電力量の値
(b)目標上限消費電力量の値より少ない、予め設定されたデマンド時間終了時点における目標下限消費電力量の値
(c)デマンド時間開始時点から目標上限消費電力量の値に時間比例して到達する目標上限値設定線により表される各時点の消費電力量の上限閾値と、デマンド時間開始時点から目標下限消費電力量の値に時間比例して到達する目標下限値設定線により表される各時点の消費電力量の下限閾値であって、デマンド時間内で常に、或は、レベルの切り替えを行わない不感帯時間をデマンド時間開始の直後に設ける場合、不感帯時間内を除き、デマンド時間内で常に、目標上限設定値>目標下限設定値を満足する上限閾値および下限閾値
(A) Target upper limit power consumption value at a preset demand time end time less than contract received power consumption (b) Target lower limit consumption at a preset demand time end time less than a target upper limit power consumption value Power value (c) The upper limit threshold value of the power consumption amount at each time point represented by the target upper limit value setting line that reaches the target upper power consumption value in proportion to the time from the demand time start time point, and the demand time start time point Is the lower limit threshold value of power consumption at each point of time represented by the target lower limit value setting line that reaches the target lower limit power consumption value in proportion to the time. When the dead zone time is set immediately after the start of demand time, the upper limit threshold value that satisfies the target upper limit set value> target lower limit set value is always satisfied within the demand time, except within the dead zone time. Lower threshold

上記の構成によれば、目標上限消費電力量の値に時間比例して到達する目標上限値設定線により表される各時点の消費電力量の上限閾値と、目標下限消費電力量の値に時間比例して到達する目標下限値設定線により表される各時点の消費電力量の下限閾値を設けて、現時点の受電電力量が上限閾値を上回った時に、電力負荷の切断あるいは電力出力制限を行い、下限閾値を下回った時に、電力負荷の再投入及び出力制限の解除を行うことによって、契約電力超過の回避と環境維持の両方を実現する。
また、上記の構成によれば、段階ごとに電力負荷の制御範囲を割り振り、省エネ度合い及び緊急度合いに応じて複数段階のレベルを予め設けて、レベルを切り替える制御を行うことにより、環境の急変を抑え、環境的な人的ストレスを回避する。
According to the above configuration, the upper limit threshold value of the power consumption amount at each point of time and the value of the target lower limit power consumption amount represented by the target upper limit value setting line that reaches the target upper limit power consumption value in proportion to the time. A lower limit threshold is set for the power consumption at each point of time represented by the target lower limit setting line that reaches in proportion, and when the current received power exceeds the upper limit threshold, the power load is disconnected or the power output is limited. When the value falls below the lower limit threshold, the power load is turned on again and the output restriction is released, thereby realizing both avoidance of contract power excess and environmental maintenance.
In addition, according to the above configuration, the control range of the electric power load is allocated for each stage, and a plurality of levels are set in advance according to the degree of energy saving and the degree of urgency. Reduce and avoid environmental human stress.

ここで、目標上限値設定線において、デマンド時間開始時点における消費電力量の値を正の値とし、目標下限値設定線において、デマンド時間開始から所定時間経過時点における消費電力量の値が零(ゼロ)としてもよい。デマンド時間開始当初は、上限値と下限値の上下幅が狭いので頻繁にレベルの切り替えが生じる可能性があるので、それを回避できるからである。デマンド時間開始当初は、上限値と下限値の上下幅が狭いので頻繁にレベルの切り替えが生じる可能性があるので、レベルの切り替えを行わない不感帯時間をデマンド時間開始の直後に設けても構わない。
また、現時点の受電電力量が上限閾値を上回る、あるいは、下限閾値を下回るかの判定は、5〜6分毎に判定するが、秒単位で判定しても構わない。
また、デマンド時間開始時点およびデマンド時間終了時点は、電力会社からの計測開始タイミングのトリガー信号を受信した時点である。
Here, in the target upper limit setting line, the value of the power consumption at the start of the demand time is a positive value, and in the target lower limit setting line, the value of the power consumption at the time when the predetermined time has elapsed from the start of the demand time is zero ( Zero). This is because at the beginning of the demand time, since the upper and lower limits of the upper limit value and the lower limit value are narrow, there is a possibility of frequent level switching, which can be avoided. Since the upper and lower limits of the upper and lower limits are narrow at the beginning of demand time, there is a possibility that level switching will occur frequently. Therefore, a dead zone time in which level switching is not performed may be provided immediately after the demand time starts. .
In addition, the determination whether the current amount of received power exceeds the upper threshold or the lower threshold is determined every 5 to 6 minutes, but may be determined in seconds.
The demand time start point and the demand time end point are points when the trigger signal of the measurement start timing from the electric power company is received.

本発明の電力自動制御システムにおいて、デマンド時間をx軸、消費電力量をy軸として、目標上限値設定線は、y=ax+bで表される。また、目標下限値設定線は、y=ax+bで表される。ここで、デマンド時間内で常に、目標上限設定値(y)>目標下限設定値(y)である。xは経過時間である。なお、傾きa,aおよび切片b,bは、y>yを満足する範囲であれば、自由に設定可能である。
また、レベルの切り替えを行わない不感帯時間をデマンド時間開始の直後に設ける場合、不感帯時間内を除き、デマンド時間内で常に、目標上限設定値(y)>目標下限設定値(y)であれば、傾き(a,a)と切片(b,b)は自由に設定できる。
In the automatic power control system of the present invention, the target time limit setting line is represented by y 1 = a 1 x + b 1 with the demand time as the x-axis and the power consumption amount as the y-axis. The target lower limit setting line is represented by y 2 = a 2 x + b 2 . Here, the target upper limit set value (y 1 )> the target lower limit set value (y 2 ) is always satisfied within the demand time. x is the elapsed time. Note that the inclinations a 1 and a 2 and the intercepts b 1 and b 2 can be freely set as long as y 1 > y 2 is satisfied.
In addition, when a dead zone time in which the level is not switched is provided immediately after the start of the demand time, except for the dead zone time, the target upper limit set value (y 1 )> the target lower limit set value (y 2 ) is always within the demand time. If so, the inclination (a 1 , a 2 ) and the intercept (b 1 , b 2 ) can be set freely.

本発明の電力自動制御システムにおいて、目標上限消費電力量の値に予め設定された割合を乗じた値をデマンド時間開始時点、或は、レベルの切り替えを行わない不感帯時間をデマンド時間開始の直後に設ける場合、不感帯時間終了時点における消費電力量の値とし、契約受電電力量の値より少なく目標上限消費電力量の値より多い値に時間比例して到達する緊急対応設定線により表される各時点の消費電力量の緊急対応閾値を用いて、現時点の受電電力量が緊急対応閾値を上回った場合、レベルを段階的に引き上げる目標上限値に基づく制御と、緊急的にレベルを段階的に引き上げる緊急対応閾値に基づく制御の2つの制御で動作させることにより、目標上限値に基づく制御によるレベルの引き上げ時間に対し、倍速以上でレベルの引き上げを行うことが好ましい。
緊急対応閾値を用いることにより、現時点の受電電力量がこの緊急対応閾値を上回った場合は、レベルを更に引き上げ、電力負荷の切断あるいは電力出力制限を行うことで、契約電力超過をより回避できる方向に働くことになる。
これは、常にレベルを段階的に引き上げる(一段階ずつ引き上げる)制御を行うと、電力の急変に対応できない。そのため、通常のレベルを段階的に引き上げる目標上限値制御と、緊急的に制御レベルを段階的に引き上げる緊急対応制御の2つの制御で動作させることにより、通常の引き上げ時間に対し、倍速以上で引き上げを行い、確実な契約電力超過防止を図る。
In the automatic power control system of the present invention, a value obtained by multiplying the value of the target upper limit power consumption by a preset ratio is set to the demand time start time, or the dead zone time without switching the level is set immediately after the demand time start. If provided, each point of time represented by an emergency response setting line that reaches the value of power consumption at the end of the deadband time and arrives in proportion to the time less than the value of contract received power and larger than the value of target upper limit power consumption Using the emergency response threshold for the power consumption of the current, if the current received power exceeds the emergency response threshold, the control based on the target upper limit value that raises the level step by step, and the emergency that raises the level step by step By operating with two controls based on the corresponding threshold value, the level can be increased at a speed higher than the speed of the level increase time by the control based on the target upper limit value. Preferably it is carried out.
By using the emergency response threshold, if the current amount of received power exceeds the emergency response threshold, the level can be further increased to cut off the power load or limit power output, thereby avoiding excess contract power. Will work.
This is because it is not possible to cope with a sudden change in electric power if control is performed to raise the level step by step (step by step). Therefore, by operating with the target upper limit control that raises the normal level step by step and the emergency response control that raises the control level step by step, it is raised at a speed higher than the normal pulling time. To ensure that contract power is not exceeded.

本発明の電力自動制御システムにおいて、デマンド時間をx軸、消費電力量をy軸として、目標上限値設定線は、y=ax+bで表され、目標下限値設定線は、y=ax+bで表され、緊急対応設定線は、y=ax+bで表される。ここで、デマンド時間内で常に、緊急対応設定値(y)>目標上限設定値(y)>目標下限設定値(y)である。また、レベルの切り替えを行わない不感帯時間をデマンド時間開始の直後に設ける場合、不感帯時間内を除き、デマンド時間内で常に、緊急対応設定値(y)>目標上限設定値(y)>目標下限設定値(y)である。 In the automatic power control system of the present invention, the demand upper limit setting line is represented by y 1 = a 1 x + b 1 with the demand time as the x-axis and the power consumption amount as the y-axis, and the target lower limit setting line is y 2. = A 2 x + b 2 , and the emergency response setting line is represented by y 3 = a 3 x + b 3 . Here, the emergency response set value (y 3 )> target upper limit set value (y 1 )> target lower limit set value (y 2 ) is always satisfied within the demand time. In addition, when a dead zone time in which the level is not switched is provided immediately after the start of the demand time, the emergency response set value (y 3 )> the target upper limit set value (y 1 )> is always within the demand time except for the dead zone time> This is the target lower limit set value (y 2 ).

本発明の電力自動制御システムにおいて、デマンド時間終了時点におけるレベルを維持したまま、次のデマンド時間に移行することが好ましい。
デマンド時間経過後に、電力負荷の切断あるいは電力出力制限の抑制のレベルをリセットして抑制を緩和するということは行わず、デマンド時間終了時点におけるレベルを維持したまま、次のデマンド時間に移行する。すなわち、デマンド時間終了時点におけるレベルを、次のデマンド時間に引き継ぎ、デマンド時間経過後も、強制的に電力負荷の再投入や出力制限解除は行わず、直前の制御レベルを保持することで、連続的な制御を可能にし、環境の変化を回避する。
In the automatic power control system of the present invention, it is preferable to shift to the next demand time while maintaining the level at the end of the demand time.
After the demand time elapses, the power load disconnection or the power output restriction suppression level is not reset to reduce the suppression, and the process shifts to the next demand time while maintaining the level at the end of the demand time. In other words, the level at the end of the demand time is taken over to the next demand time, and after the demand time elapses, the power load is not forcibly re-entered or the output restriction is not canceled, and the previous control level is maintained, so that Control and avoid environmental changes.

また、本発明の電力自動制御システムにおける対象機器には、空調機器または照明機器あるいはその両方が含まれ、予め設定された複数段階の各レベルは、空調機器の場合、室外機の出力度合いおよび室内機の設定温度が定義される。また、照明機器の場合、設定照度、ON/OFF、間引き度合いの何れかが定義される。
従来のデマンド制御では、対象機器をON/OFFさせることにより、目標のデマンド値を制御しており、室内環境が大きく変化する要因となっていたが、本発明のデマンド制御では、室内環境に配慮すべく、空調機器または照明機器に対して以下のような制御を行うことにする。
Further, the target devices in the automatic power control system of the present invention include air conditioning equipment and / or lighting equipment, and in the case of air conditioning equipment, each level set in advance includes the output level of the outdoor unit and the indoor level. The set temperature of the machine is defined. In the case of a lighting device, any one of set illuminance, ON / OFF, and a thinning degree is defined.
In the conventional demand control, the target demand value is controlled by turning on and off the target device, which is a factor that greatly changes the indoor environment. In the demand control of the present invention, the indoor environment is considered. Therefore, the following control is performed on the air conditioner or the lighting device.

まず、空調機器の室外機の場合、出力を段階的に抑えることにより、室外機をON/OFFせずに電力量を抑える。例えば、室外機の出力を、100%−>70%−>40%−>0%と段階的に制御することにより、室外機の消費電力量を抑える。また、空調機器の室内機の場合、室内温度設定を段階的に省エネ設定となるように段階的に変更することにより、室内機の消費電力量を抑える。
また、照明機器の場合、照度設定できる機種については照度を段階的に落とし、照度設定できない機種についてはON/OFF、間引き点灯させて消費電力量を抑える。
First, in the case of an outdoor unit of an air conditioner, the amount of electric power is suppressed without turning the outdoor unit ON / OFF by suppressing the output stepwise. For example, the power consumption of the outdoor unit is suppressed by controlling the output of the outdoor unit in steps of 100%->70%->40%-> 0%. In the case of an indoor unit of an air conditioner, the power consumption of the indoor unit is suppressed by changing the indoor temperature setting step by step so that the energy saving setting is set step by step.
In the case of a lighting device, the illuminance is gradually reduced for a model that can be set for illuminance, and the power consumption is reduced by turning ON / OFF and thinning light for a model that cannot be set for illuminance.

次に、本発明の電力自動制御方法について説明する。
本発明の電力自動制御方法は、下記(1)〜(3)のステップを備え、デマンド時間内に対象機器の消費電力量を所定の設定上限値以下に抑制するデマンド制御を行う方法において、制御状態決定ステップは、省エネ度合い及び緊急度合いに応じて予め設定された複数段階の何れかのレベルに切り替えるものであり、下記(a)〜(c)を用いて、現時点の受電電力量が上限閾値を上回った場合、電力負荷の切断あるいは電力出力制限を行うようにレベルを切り替え、下限閾値を下回った場合、電力負荷の投入あるいは電力出力制限解除を行うようにレベルを切り替えることを特徴とする。
Next, the automatic power control method of the present invention will be described.
The power automatic control method of the present invention includes the following steps (1) to (3), and performs a demand control in which the power consumption of the target device is suppressed to a predetermined upper limit value within a demand time. The state determination step switches to one of a plurality of preset levels according to the degree of energy saving and the degree of emergency, and the current received power amount is set to the upper threshold value using the following (a) to (c). The level is switched so that the power load is cut off or the power output is restricted, and the level is switched so that the power load is turned on or the power output restriction is released when the value is below the lower limit threshold.

(1)受電電力量を計測する受電電力量計測ステップ
(2)予め決められた単位時間となるデマンド時間内に、受電電力量計測ステップにより計測された受電電力量に基づいて対象機器の制御状態を決定する制御状態決定ステップ
(3)制御状態決定ステップにより決定した制御状態に基づいて対象機器の運転を制御する運転制御ステップ
(1) Received power amount measuring step for measuring received power amount (2) Control state of the target device based on the received power amount measured in the received power amount measuring step within a demand time that is a predetermined unit time Control state determining step for determining (3) operation control step for controlling the operation of the target device based on the control state determined in the control state determining step

(a)契約受電電力量より少ない予め設定されたデマンド時間終了時点における目標上限消費電力量の値
(b)目標上限消費電力量の値より少ない、予め設定されたデマンド時間終了時点における目標下限消費電力量の値
(c)デマンド時間開始時点から目標上限消費電力量の値に時間比例して到達する目標上限値設定線により表される各時点の消費電力量の上限閾値、デマンド時間開始時点から目標下限消費電力量の値に時間比例して到達する目標下限値設定線により表される各時点の消費電力量の下限閾値であって、デマンド時間内で常に、或は、レベルの切り替えを行わない不感帯時間をデマンド時間開始の直後に設ける場合、不感帯時間内を除き、デマンド時間内で常に、目標上限設定値>目標下限設定値を満足する上限閾値および下限閾値
(A) Target upper limit power consumption value at a preset demand time end time less than contract received power consumption (b) Target lower limit consumption at a preset demand time end time less than a target upper limit power consumption value Power value (c) From the start of demand time, the upper limit threshold of power consumption at each time point represented by a target upper limit value setting line that reaches the target upper power consumption value in proportion to the time from the start time of demand time The lower limit threshold of power consumption at each point of time represented by the target lower limit setting line that reaches the target lower limit power consumption in proportion to the time, and the level is always switched within the demand time. When there is no dead zone immediately after the start of the demand time, except for the dead zone time, the upper limit threshold value that satisfies the target upper limit set value> the target lower limit set value is always satisfied within the demand time, and Limit threshold

上記の構成によれば、目標上限消費電力量の値に時間比例して到達する目標上限値設定線により表される各時点の消費電力量の上限閾値と、目標下限消費電力量の値に時間比例して到達する目標下限値設定線により表される各時点の消費電力量の下限閾値を設けて、現時点の受電電力量が上限閾値を上回った時に、電力負荷の切断あるいは電力出力制限を行い、下限閾値を下回った時に、電力負荷の再投入及び出力制限の解除を行うことによって、契約電力超過の回避と環境維持の両方を実現できる。
また、上記の構成によれば、段階ごとに電力負荷の制御範囲を割り振り、省エネ度合い及び緊急度合いに応じて複数段階のレベルを予め設けて、レベルを切り替える制御を行うことにより、環境の急変を抑え、環境的な人的ストレスを回避できる。
According to the above configuration, the upper limit threshold value of the power consumption amount at each point of time and the value of the target lower limit power consumption amount represented by the target upper limit value setting line that reaches the target upper limit power consumption value in proportion to the time. A lower limit threshold is set for the power consumption at each point of time represented by the target lower limit setting line that reaches in proportion, and when the current received power exceeds the upper limit threshold, the power load is disconnected or the power output is limited. When the value falls below the lower limit threshold, both avoiding excess contract power and maintaining the environment can be realized by re-inputting the power load and releasing the output restriction.
In addition, according to the above configuration, the control range of the electric power load is allocated for each stage, and a plurality of levels are set in advance according to the degree of energy saving and the degree of urgency. It can suppress and avoid environmental human stress.

ここで、目標上限値設定線において、デマンド時間開始時点における消費電力量の値を正の値とし、目標下限値設定線において、デマンド時間開始から所定時間経過時点における消費電力量の値が零(ゼロ)としてもよい。デマンド時間開始当初は、上限値と下限値の上下幅が狭いので頻繁にレベルの切り替えが生じる可能性があるので、それを回避できるからである。デマンド時間開始当初は、上限値と下限値の上下幅が狭いので頻繁にレベルの切り替えが生じる可能性があるので、レベルの切り替えを行わない不感帯時間をデマンド時間開始の直後に設けてもよい。
また、現時点の受電電力量が上限閾値を上回る、あるいは、下限閾値を下回るかの判定は、5〜6分毎に判定するが、秒単位で判定しても構わない。
また、デマンド時間開始時点およびデマンド時間終了時点は、電力会社からの計測開始タイミングのトリガー信号を受信した時点である。
Here, in the target upper limit setting line, the value of the power consumption at the start of the demand time is a positive value, and in the target lower limit setting line, the value of the power consumption at the time when the predetermined time has elapsed from the start of the demand time is zero ( Zero). This is because at the beginning of the demand time, since the upper and lower limits of the upper limit value and the lower limit value are narrow, there is a possibility of frequent level switching, which can be avoided. Since the upper and lower limits of the upper limit value and the lower limit value are narrow at the beginning of demand time, there is a possibility of frequent level switching, so a dead zone time during which level switching is not performed may be provided immediately after the start of demand time.
In addition, the determination whether the current amount of received power exceeds the upper threshold or the lower threshold is determined every 5 to 6 minutes, but may be determined in seconds.
The demand time start point and the demand time end point are points when the trigger signal of the measurement start timing from the electric power company is received.

本発明の電力自動制御方法における制御状態決定ステップは、下記1),2)の場合に分けて、以下のステップを備える。
1)現時点の受電電力量(現在値)が目標上限値設定線により表される上限閾値以上の場合
・超過判定待ち時間が経過するまで上限閾値以上を継続しているか否かを判断するステップ
・超過判定待ち時間が経過するまで上限閾値以上を継続している場合に、電力負荷の切断あるいは電力出力制限を行うようにレベルを切り替えるステップ
・レベル効果待ち時間が経過した後も、現在値が上限閾値以上を超過判定待ち時間分経過した場合、電力負荷の切断あるいは電力出力制限を行うように更にレベルを切り替えるステップ
2)現在値が目標下限値設定線により表される下限閾値以上の場合
・未満判定待ち時間が経過するまで下限閾値以下を継続しているか否かを判断するステップ
・未満判定待ち時間が経過するまで下限閾値以下を継続している場合に、電力負荷の投入あるいは電力出力制限解除を行うようにレベルを切り替えるステップ
・レベル効果待ち時間が経過した後も、現在値が下限閾値以下を未満判定待ち時間分経過した場合、電力負荷の投入あるいは電力出力制限解除を行うように更にレベルを切り替えるステップ
The control state determination step in the automatic power control method of the present invention includes the following steps in the following cases 1) and 2).
1) When the current amount of received power (current value) is greater than or equal to the upper threshold value represented by the target upper limit setting line ・ Steps for determining whether or not the upper threshold value is continued until the excess determination waiting time elapses If the level exceeds the upper threshold until the excess determination waiting time elapses, the current value remains the upper limit even after the step / level effect waiting time has elapsed to switch the level so that the power load is cut or the power output is limited. When the excess determination waiting time elapses above the threshold, the level is further switched to cut off the power load or limit the power output. Step 2) If the current value is equal to or higher than the lower limit threshold represented by the target lower limit setting line Step to determine whether or not the lower limit threshold is continued until the judgment waiting time elapses. Continue below the lower threshold until the less than judgment waiting time elapses. If the current value is less than the lower threshold or less than the lower-limit threshold has elapsed after the elapse of the step / level effect waiting time for switching the level so that the power load is turned on or the power output limit is released, the power load Switching the level further to turn on or release the power output limit

ここで、超過判定待ち時間、未満判定待ち時間、レベル効果待ち時間は、例えば5〜6分に設定するが、秒単位で設定しても構わない。
レベルの切り替えは、レベルをUP/DOWNすることにより行える。レベルUPは、より省エネとなるようにデマンドを抑える方向であり、レベルDOWNは、抑制方向から緩和方向へと制御して室内環境に対しては快適となる方向とする。
Here, the excess determination waiting time, the less than determination waiting time, and the level effect waiting time are set to, for example, 5 to 6 minutes, but may be set in units of seconds.
The level can be switched by UP / DOWN of the level. Level UP is a direction to suppress demand so as to save more energy, and level DOWN is controlled from the suppression direction to the relaxation direction so as to be comfortable for the indoor environment.

また、本発明の電力自動制御方法における制御状態決定ステップは、目標上限消費電力量の値に予め設定された割合を乗じた値をデマンド時間開始時点、或は、レベルの切り替えを行わない不感帯時間をデマンド時間開始の直後に設ける場合、不感帯時間終了時点における消費電力量の値とし、契約受電電力量の値より少なく目標上限消費電力量の値より多い値に時間比例して到達する緊急対応設定線により表される各時点の消費電力量の緊急対応閾値を用いて、現時点の受電電力量が緊急対応閾値を上回った場合、レベルを段階的に引き上げる目標上限値に基づく制御と、緊急的にレベルを段階的に引き上げる緊急対応閾値に基づく制御の2つの制御で動作させることにより、目標上限値に基づく制御によるレベルの引き上げ時間に対し、倍速以上でレベルの引き上げを行うことが好ましい。
緊急対応閾値を用いることにより、この緊急対応閾値を上回った場合は、レベルを更に引き上げ、電力負荷の切断あるいは電力出力制限を行うことで、契約電力超過をより回避できる方向に働くことになる。
In the control state determination step in the automatic power control method of the present invention, the dead time at which the demand time starts or the level is not switched is obtained by multiplying the value of the target upper limit power consumption by a preset ratio. Is set immediately after the start of demand time, the value of power consumption at the end of dead band time, emergency response setting that reaches in proportion to the time less than the value of contract received power amount and larger than the target upper limit power consumption value Using the emergency response threshold for power consumption at each time point represented by the line, if the current received power exceeds the emergency response threshold, control based on the target upper limit value that raises the level step by step, By operating with two controls based on the emergency response threshold that raises the level step by step, the level raising time by the control based on the target upper limit value, It is preferred to carry out fast the level of pulling in more.
By using the emergency response threshold, when the emergency response threshold is exceeded, the level is further increased, and the power load is cut or the power output is restricted, so that the contract power excess can be avoided.

また、本発明の電力自動制御方法における制御状態決定ステップは、現在値が緊急対応設定線により表される緊急対応閾値以上の場合、以下のステップを備える。
・超過判定待ち時間が経過するまで緊急対応閾値以上を継続しているか否かを判断するステップ
・超過判定待ち時間が経過するまで緊急対応閾値以上を継続している場合に、電力負荷の切断あるいは電力出力制限を行うようにレベルを切り替えるステップ
・レベル効果待ち時間が経過した後も、現在値が緊急対応閾値以上を超過判定待ち時間分経過した場合、電力負荷の切断あるいは電力出力制限を行うように更にレベルを切り替えるステップ
The control state determination step in the automatic power control method of the present invention includes the following steps when the current value is equal to or greater than the emergency response threshold value represented by the emergency response setting line.
・ Steps to determine whether or not the emergency response threshold or higher is continued until the excess determination waiting time elapses. Steps to switch levels to limit power output ・ After the level effect waiting time elapses, if the current value exceeds the emergency response threshold and exceeds the waiting time for judgment, the power load is cut off or the power output is limited Step to switch the level further

本発明の電力自動制御方法において、デマンド時間終了時点におけるレベルを維持したまま、次のデマンド時間に移行することが好ましい。
デマンド時間終了時点におけるレベルを、次のデマンド時間に引き継ぐことで、環境の変化を回避する。
In the automatic power control method of the present invention, it is preferable to shift to the next demand time while maintaining the level at the end of the demand time.
By taking over the level at the end of the demand time to the next demand time, changes in the environment are avoided.

本発明によれば、契約電力超過の回避と環境維持の両方を実現するデマンド制御を行えるといった効果がある。また、デマンド制御に複数段階のレベルを設けることにより、環境の急変を抑え、環境的な人的ストレスを回避し、かつ契約電力超過の回避を行える。   According to the present invention, there is an effect that demand control that realizes both avoidance of contract power excess and environmental maintenance can be performed. In addition, by providing multiple levels of demand control, it is possible to suppress sudden changes in the environment, avoid environmental human stress, and avoid excessive contract power.

実施例1の電力自動制御システムの構成図Configuration diagram of power automatic control system of Embodiment 1 制御状態決定手段の動作フローチャート1Operation flow chart 1 of control state determination means 制御状態決定手段の動作フローチャート2Operation flow chart 2 of control state determination means デマンド時間における積算電力量の推移グラフTransition graph of accumulated energy during demand time

以下、本発明の実施形態の一例を、図面を参照しながら詳細に説明していく。なお、本発明の範囲は、以下の実施例や図示例に限定されるものではなく、幾多の変更及び変形が可能である。   Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples and illustrated examples, and many changes and modifications can be made.

図1は、実施例1の電力自動制御システムの構成図を示している。図1に示すように、監視コンピュータ1と制御装置21,22がネットワーク(LAN)3を介して接続されている。制御装置は、電源ユニット、CPUユニット、通信I/Fユニット、I/O(入出力)ユニットから構成される。制御装置(LC2)22では、監視コンピュータ1とデータ通信するための通信I/F1以外に、空調制御ユニット41とデータ通信するための通信I/F2、照明制御ユニット42とデータ通信するための通信I/F3を備え、制御装置22は空調制御ユニット41および照明制御ユニット42の制御用データを送信し、各ユニット41,42から状態監視用データを受信する。また、制御装置22はリレーユニット51,52に対して入出力を行うI/Oユニット1,2を備え、リレーユニットを介して空調室外機42を制御する。
ここで、制御装置21は、制御装置22が複数存在した場合に、それを統括して、監視コンピュータ1とのデータ通信を行う。図1に示す実施例1の電力自動制御システムの構成では、制御装置22が1台であり、制御装置21は無くても構わない。
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an automatic power control system according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, a monitoring computer 1 and control devices 21 and 22 are connected via a network (LAN) 3. The control device includes a power supply unit, a CPU unit, a communication I / F unit, and an I / O (input / output) unit. In control device (LC2) 22, in addition to communication I / F1 for data communication with monitoring computer 1, communication I / F2 for data communication with air conditioning control unit 41, communication for data communication with lighting control unit 42 The control device 22 includes an I / F 3 and transmits control data for the air conditioning control unit 41 and the illumination control unit 42, and receives state monitoring data from the units 41 and 42. In addition, the control device 22 includes I / O units 1 and 2 that perform input and output with respect to the relay units 51 and 52, and controls the air-conditioning outdoor unit 42 via the relay unit.
Here, when there are a plurality of control devices 22, the control device 21 performs data communication with the monitoring computer 1 by supervising them. In the configuration of the automatic power control system according to the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, the number of the control device 22 is one and the control device 21 may not be provided.

図1に示すシステム構成において、複数の対象機器の消費電力量を計測する消費電力量計測手段は、空調制御ユニット41、照明制御ユニット42のそれぞれに存在し計測を行う。そして、制御装置22が計測データを受け取り、計測データに基づいて切り替え必要であればレベルを切り替える。
また、予め決められた単位時間となるデマンド時間内に、消費電力量計測手段により計測された消費電力量に基づいて対象機器の制御状態を決定する制御状態決定手段は、具体的には制御装置22のCPUユニットである。また、制御状態決定手段により決定した制御状態に基づいて対象機器の運転を制御する運転制御手段も同様に、具体的には制御装置22のCPUユニットである。制御装置22が、空調制御ユニット41,照明制御ユニット42および空調室外機43の消費電力量を、デマンド時間内に所定の設定上限値以下に抑制する。
In the system configuration shown in FIG. 1, power consumption measuring means for measuring the power consumption of a plurality of target devices is present in each of the air conditioning control unit 41 and the illumination control unit 42 and performs measurement. Then, the control device 22 receives the measurement data, and switches the level if necessary based on the measurement data.
Further, the control state determining means for determining the control state of the target device based on the power consumption measured by the power consumption measuring means within the demand time that is a predetermined unit time is specifically a control device. 22 CPU units. Similarly, the operation control means for controlling the operation of the target device based on the control state determined by the control state determination means is also specifically a CPU unit of the control device 22. The control device 22 suppresses the power consumption of the air conditioning control unit 41, the lighting control unit 42, and the air conditioning outdoor unit 43 to a predetermined set upper limit value or less within the demand time.

制御状態決定手段(制御装置22)は、省エネ度合い及び緊急度合いに応じて予め設定された複数段階の何れかの「レベル」に切り替える。そして、契約受電電力量より少ない予め設定されたデマンド時間終了時点における目標上限消費電力量の値と、目標上限消費電力量の値より少ない、予め設定されたデマンド時間終了時点における目標下限消費電力量の値と、デマンド時間開始時点から目標上限消費電力量の値に時間比例して到達する目標上限値設定線により表される各時点の消費電力量の上限閾値と、デマンド時間開始時点から目標下限消費電力量の値に時間比例して目標下限消費電力量の値に到達する目標下限値設定線により表される各時点の消費電力量の下限閾値を用いて(但し、デマンド時間内で常に、目標上限設定値>目標下限設定値を満足する。)、現時点の受電電力量が上限閾値を上回った場合、電力負荷の切断あるいは電力出力制限を行うように前記レベルを切り替え、下限閾値を下回った場合、電力負荷の投入あるいは電力出力制限解除を行うようにレベルを切り替える。   The control state determination means (control device 22) switches to any one of “levels” set in advance according to the energy saving degree and the emergency degree. Then, the target upper limit power consumption value at the end of the preset demand time, which is smaller than the contract received power consumption, and the target lower limit power consumption at the preset demand time, which is less than the target upper limit power consumption value. , The upper limit threshold of power consumption at each time point represented by the target upper limit power setting line that reaches the target upper power consumption value in proportion to the time from the start of demand time, and the target lower limit from the start of demand time Using the lower limit threshold value of power consumption at each point of time represented by the target lower limit value setting line that reaches the target lower limit power consumption value in proportion to the value of power consumption time (however, always within the demand time, Target upper limit set value> target lower limit set value is satisfied.) When the current received power amount exceeds the upper limit threshold, the level is set so that the power load is cut or the power output is limited. Switching, when the ratio falls below the lower threshold value, it switches the level to perform charged or power output limiting release of the power load.

図2および図3に、実施例1における制御状態決定手段(制御装置22)の動作フローチャートを示す。先ず、図2の動作フローについて説明する。
空調制御ユニット41,照明制御ユニット42および空調室外機43の消費電力量を計測し、デマンド時間開始時点からの積算電力量を求め、それを現在値とする。
まず、現在値が目標上限値以上か否かを判定する(ステップS01)。ここで、目標上限値とは、目標上限値設定線により表される現時点の消費積算電力量の上限閾値である。
現在値が目標上限値以上であれば、超過判定待ち時間が経過するまで目標上限値以上が継続するか否かを判定する(ステップS03)。超過判定待ち時間の設定は5分とするが、超過判定待ち時間は監視コンピュータ1から時間設定を秒単位で自由に変更可能である。
2 and 3 show operation flowcharts of the control state determining means (control device 22) in the first embodiment. First, the operation flow of FIG. 2 will be described.
The power consumption of the air conditioning control unit 41, the lighting control unit 42, and the air conditioning outdoor unit 43 is measured, the integrated power amount from the start of demand time is obtained, and this is set as the current value.
First, it is determined whether or not the current value is greater than or equal to the target upper limit value (step S01). Here, the target upper limit value is an upper limit threshold value of the current integrated power consumption represented by a target upper limit setting line.
If the current value is equal to or greater than the target upper limit value, it is determined whether or not the target upper limit value continues until the excess determination waiting time elapses (step S03). Although the setting of the excess determination waiting time is 5 minutes, the time setting for the excess determination waiting time can be freely changed from the monitoring computer 1 in seconds.

目標上限値以上の状態が超過判定待ち時間経過するまで継続する場合、電力負荷の切断あるいは電力出力制限を行うようにレベルを切り替える。ここで、レベルは、初期値レベル0を含むレベル1〜5の6段階とし、レベル数値が上るほど省電力方向になるように各段階の対象機器の制御状態を設定する。この場合、レベル5が最大レベル(消費電力が小さい)となり、レベル0が最小レベル(消費電力が大きい)となる。
なお、レベルは6段階ではなく、10段階その他自由に設定できる。このレベルの設定も監視コンピュータ1から変更可能である。
When the state equal to or higher than the target upper limit value continues until the excess determination waiting time elapses, the level is switched so as to disconnect the power load or limit the power output. Here, the level has six levels from level 1 to level 5 including the initial value level 0, and the control state of the target device at each level is set so that the power saving direction increases as the level value increases. In this case, level 5 is the maximum level (low power consumption), and level 0 is the minimum level (high power consumption).
Note that the level is not 6 levels, but can be freely set to 10 levels. This level setting can also be changed from the monitoring computer 1.

目標上限値以上の状態が超過判定待ち時間経過するまで継続する場合、現在のレベルが最大レベルより小さいレベルか否かを判定する(ステップS05)。現在のレベルが最大レベルより小さいレベルであれば、レベルを1つUP(大きく)する(ステップS07)。なお、現在のレベルが最大レベルより小さくない、すなわち最大レベルであれば、これ以上、レベルをUP(大きく)することは不可能なため、レベルを1つUP(大きく)する処理(ステップS07)は行わない。
そして、レベル効果待ち時間が経過するまで待って(ステップS09)、現在値が目標上限値より小さくなったか否かを判定する(ステップS11)。レベル効果待ち時間の設定は5分とするが、レベル効果待ち時間は監視コンピュータ1から時間設定を秒単位で自由に変更可能である。
When the state equal to or higher than the target upper limit value continues until the excess determination waiting time elapses, it is determined whether or not the current level is lower than the maximum level (step S05). If the current level is lower than the maximum level, the level is increased (increased) by one (step S07). Note that if the current level is not smaller than the maximum level, that is, if it is the maximum level, it is impossible to further increase the level (step S07). Do not do.
And it waits until level effect waiting time passes (step S09), and it is determined whether the present value became smaller than the target upper limit (step S11). The level effect waiting time is set to 5 minutes, but the level effect waiting time can be freely changed from the monitoring computer 1 in units of seconds.

現在値が目標上限値以上か否かを判定(ステップS01)した結果、現在値が目標上限値より小さければ、現在値が目標下限値以下か否かを判定する(ステップS02)。ここで、目標下限値とは、目標下限値設定線により表される現時点の消費積算電力量の下限閾値である。
現在値が目標下限値以下であれば、超過判定待ち時間が経過するまで目標下限値以下が継続するか否かを判定する(ステップS04)。
目標下限値以下の状態が超過判定待ち時間経過するまで継続する場合、現在のレベルが最小レベルより大きいレベルか否かを判定する(ステップS06)。現在のレベルが最小レベルより大きいレベルであれば、レベルを1つDOWN(小さく)する(ステップS08)。なお、現在のレベルが最小レベルより大きくない、すなわち最小レベルであれば、これ以上、レベルをDOWN(小さく)することは不可能なため、レベルを1つDOWN(小さく)する処理(ステップS08)は行わない。
そして、レベル効果待ち時間が経過するまで待って(ステップS10)、現在値が目標下限値より大きくなったか否かを判定する(ステップS12)。
If it is determined whether or not the current value is equal to or higher than the target upper limit value (step S01), if the current value is smaller than the target upper limit value, it is determined whether or not the current value is equal to or lower than the target lower limit value (step S02). Here, the target lower limit value is a lower limit threshold value of the current integrated power consumption represented by a target lower limit setting line.
If the current value is less than or equal to the target lower limit value, it is determined whether or not the target lower limit value or less continues until the excess determination waiting time elapses (step S04).
When the state below the target lower limit value continues until the excess determination waiting time elapses, it is determined whether or not the current level is higher than the minimum level (step S06). If the current level is higher than the minimum level, one level is DOWN (decreased) (step S08). Note that if the current level is not greater than the minimum level, that is, if it is the minimum level, it is impossible to DOWN (decrease) the level any more, so processing to DOWN (decrease) one level (step S08). Do not do.
And it waits until level effect waiting time passes (step S10), and it is determined whether the present value became larger than the target lower limit (step S12).

図2に示す動作フローにおいて、現在値が目標上限値以上か否かの判定(ステップS01)と現在値が目標下限値以下か否かの判定(ステップS02)の順番を入れ替えても構わない。
また、現在のレベルが最大レベルより小さいレベルか否かの判定(ステップS05)において、現在のレベルが最大レベルであった場合、レベルを1つUPする処理(ステップS07)をバイパスして、現在値が目標上限値より小さくなったか否かの判定(ステップS11)に進んでいるが、これはレベル効果待ち時間が経過するか否かの判定(ステップS09)に進んでも構わない。
また同様に、現在のレベルが最小レベルより大きいレベルか否かの判定(ステップS06)において、現在のレベルが最小レベルであった場合、レベルを1つDOWNする処理(ステップS08)をバイパスして、現在値が目標下限値より大きくなったか否かの判定(ステップS12)に進んでいるが、これはレベル効果待ち時間が経過するか否かの判定(ステップS10)に進んでも構わない。
In the operation flow shown in FIG. 2, the order of determining whether the current value is equal to or higher than the target upper limit value (step S01) and determining whether the current value is equal to or lower than the target lower limit value (step S02) may be interchanged.
Further, in the determination of whether or not the current level is lower than the maximum level (step S05), if the current level is the maximum level, the process of incrementing the level by one (step S07) is bypassed and the current level is bypassed. The process proceeds to determination of whether or not the value has become smaller than the target upper limit (step S11), but this may proceed to determination of whether or not the level effect waiting time has elapsed (step S09).
Similarly, in the determination of whether or not the current level is higher than the minimum level (step S06), if the current level is the minimum level, the process of stepping down one level (step S08) is bypassed. The process proceeds to the determination of whether or not the current value has become larger than the target lower limit (step S12), but this may proceed to the determination of whether or not the level effect waiting time has elapsed (step S10).

次に、図3の動作フローについて説明する。図3の動作フローは、緊急対応設定線により表される各時点の消費電力量の緊急対応閾値を上回った場合、電力負荷の切断あるいは電力出力制限を行うように更にレベルを切り替えるためのフローである。緊急対応設定線は、目標上限消費電力量の値に予め設定された割合を乗じた値をデマンド時間開始時点における消費電力量の値とし、契約受電電力量の値より少なく目標上限消費電力量の値より多い値に時間比例して到達する設定線である。   Next, the operation flow of FIG. 3 will be described. The operation flow of FIG. 3 is a flow for further switching the level so as to cut off the power load or limit the power output when the emergency response threshold value of the power consumption at each time point represented by the emergency response setting line is exceeded. is there. The emergency response setting line uses the value obtained by multiplying the target upper limit power consumption value by a preset ratio as the power consumption value at the start of demand time, and is less than the contract received power consumption value. This is a setting line that reaches a value larger than the value in proportion to time.

図3に示すように、現在値が緊急対応設定値以上か否かを判定(ステップS31)した結果、現在値が緊急対応設定値以上であれば、超過判定待ち時間が経過するまで緊急対応設定値以上が継続するか否かを判定する(ステップS33)。
緊急対応設定値以上の状態が超過判定待ち時間経過するまで継続する場合、現在のレベルが最大レベルより小さいレベルか否かを判定する(ステップS35)。現在のレベルが最大レベルより小さいレベルであれば、レベルを1つUP(大きく)する(ステップS37)。なお、現在のレベルが最大レベルより小さくない、すなわち最大レベルであれば、これ以上、レベルをUP(大きく)することは不可能なため、レベルを1つUP(大きく)する処理(ステップS37)は行わない。
そして、レベル効果待ち時間が経過するまで待って(ステップS39)、現在値が緊急対応設定値より小さくなったか否かを判定する(ステップS41)。
As shown in FIG. 3, as a result of determining whether or not the current value is equal to or greater than the emergency response setting value (step S31), if the current value is equal to or greater than the emergency response setting value, the emergency response setting is performed until the excess determination waiting time elapses. It is determined whether the value or more continues (step S33).
When the state equal to or greater than the emergency response set value continues until the excess determination waiting time elapses, it is determined whether or not the current level is lower than the maximum level (step S35). If the current level is lower than the maximum level, the level is increased (increased) by one (step S37). If the current level is not smaller than the maximum level, that is, if it is the maximum level, it is impossible to further increase the level (step S37). Do not do.
And it waits until level effect waiting time passes (step S39), and it is determined whether the present value became smaller than the emergency response set value (step S41).

図3に示す動作フローにおいて、現在のレベルが最大レベルより小さいレベルか否かの判定(ステップS35)において、現在のレベルが最大レベルであった場合、レベルを1つUPする処理(ステップS37)をバイパスして、現在値が緊急対応設定値より小さくなったか否かの判定(ステップS41)に進んでいるが、これはレベル効果待ち時間が経過するか否かの判定(ステップS39)に進んでも構わない。
また、緊急対応の判別は、目標上限超過などの判別よりも急ぐ必要があることから、超過判定待ち時間を例えば1分、レベル効果待ち時間を例えば2分と設定する。なお、監視コンピュータ1から時間設定を秒単位で自由に変更可能である。
図2の動作フローに加えて、図3の動作フローを設けることによって、現在値が緊急対応設定値以上になった場合に、迅速にレベルを更にもう1段引き上げて、消費電力量の抑制効果を高める。
In the operation flow shown in FIG. 3, when it is determined whether or not the current level is lower than the maximum level (step S35), if the current level is the maximum level, the level is increased by one (step S37). The process proceeds to the determination (step S41) whether or not the current value has become smaller than the emergency response set value, but this proceeds to the determination (step S39) whether or not the level effect waiting time has elapsed. It doesn't matter.
In addition, since the emergency response determination needs to be performed more quickly than the determination of exceeding the target upper limit, the excess determination waiting time is set to 1 minute, for example, and the level effect waiting time is set to 2 minutes, for example. The time setting can be freely changed from the monitoring computer 1 in seconds.
By providing the operation flow of FIG. 3 in addition to the operation flow of FIG. 2, when the current value becomes equal to or higher than the emergency response set value, the level is rapidly increased one more stage to reduce the power consumption. To increase.

図4にデマンド時間における積算電力量の推移グラフを示す。図4のグラフでは、横軸をデマンド時間(0分〜30分)とし、縦軸を受電電力量としている。グラフには、グラフの上方に契約受電電力量を示すライン、デマンド時間開始(0分)からデマンド時間終了(30分)までの積算電力量を示す実線ライン、緊急対応設定値を示す破線ライン(緊急対応設定線)、デマンド目標上限値(上限閾値)を示す破線ライン(目標上限値設定線)およびデマンド目標下限値(下限閾値)を示す破線ライン(目標下限値設定線)が描かれている。   FIG. 4 shows a transition graph of the integrated electric energy during the demand time. In the graph of FIG. 4, the horizontal axis is demand time (0 to 30 minutes), and the vertical axis is the amount of received power. The graph includes a line indicating the contract received power amount above the graph, a solid line indicating the integrated power amount from the start of demand time (0 minutes) to the end of demand time (30 minutes), and a broken line indicating the emergency response set value ( Emergency response setting line), dashed line (target upper limit setting line) indicating demand target upper limit (upper threshold), and broken line (target lower limit setting line) indicating demand target lower limit (lower threshold) .

また、グラフ上のt0,t01,t02,t11,t12,t21,t22は時間パラメータであり、それぞれ、不感帯時間、デマンド目標上限値(上限閾値)の超過判定待ち時間、デマンド目標上限値(上限閾値)のレベル効果待ち時間、デマンド目標下限値(下限閾値)の超過判定待ち時間、デマンド目標下限値(下限閾値)のレベル効果待ち時間、緊急対応設定値の超過判定待ち時間、緊急対応設定値のレベル効果待ち時間である。単位は秒単位に設定している。
不感帯時間(t0)を設けるのは、デマンド時間開始当初は、上限値と下限値の上下幅が狭いので頻繁にレベルの切り替えが生じる可能性があるので、それを回避するためである。
Also, t0, t01, t02, t11, t12, t21, and t22 on the graph are time parameters, and the dead zone time, the demand target upper limit (upper threshold) excess determination waiting time, and the demand target upper limit (upper threshold), respectively. ) Level effect waiting time, demand target lower limit (lower threshold) excess determination waiting time, demand target lower limit (lower threshold) level effect waiting time, emergency response setting value excess determination waiting time, emergency response setting value Level effect waiting time. The unit is set to seconds.
The dead zone time (t0) is provided because the upper and lower limits of the upper limit value and the lower limit value are narrow at the beginning of the demand time, so that there is a possibility that the level is frequently switched.

図4のグラフにおいて、デマンド目標上限値(上限閾値)を示すライン(目標上限値設定線)を、y=ax+bとし、デマンド目標下限値(下限閾値)を示すライン(目標下限値設定線)を、y=ax+bとし、緊急対応設定値を示すライン(緊急対応設定線)を、y=ax+bとすると、デマンド時間内で常に、緊急対応設定値(y)>目標上限設定値(y)>目標下限設定値(y)である。また、レベルの切り替えを行わない不感帯時間(t0)をデマンド時間開始の直後に設けている場合も、不感帯時間内を除き、デマンド時間内で常に、緊急対応設定値(y)>目標上限設定値(y)>目標下限設定値(y)である
なお、目標上限値設定線において、デマンド時間開始時点における消費電力量の値を零(ゼロ)、すなわち切片bを0にしているが、これは正の値にしてもよい。また、目標下限値設定線において、デマンド時間開始から不感帯時間(t0)の途中の消費電力量の値を零(ゼロ)にしているが、これは、デマンド時間開始から不感帯時間(t0)経過後の時点での消費電力量の値を零(ゼロ)にしても構わない。これにより、上限値と下限値の上下幅を広げて、頻繁にレベルの切り替えが生じる事態を防ぐことができる。
In the graph of FIG. 4, a line (target upper limit setting line) indicating the demand target upper limit value (upper threshold value) is y 1 = a 1 x + b 1 and a line indicating the demand target lower limit value (lower threshold value) (target lower limit value). If the setting line) is y 2 = a 2 x + b 2 and the line indicating the emergency response setting value (emergency response setting line) is y 3 = a 3 x + b 3 , the emergency response setting value ( y 3 )> target upper limit set value (y 1 )> target lower limit set value (y 2 ). In addition, even when the dead zone time (t0) in which the level is not switched is provided immediately after the start of the demand time, the emergency response set value (y 3 )> target upper limit setting is always within the demand time except the dead zone time. Value (y 1 )> Target lower limit setting value (y 2 ) Note that, in the target upper limit setting line, the value of power consumption at the start of demand time is zero, that is, the intercept b 1 is set to zero. However, this may be a positive value. In the target lower limit setting line, the value of the power consumption during the dead zone time (t0) from the start of the demand time is set to zero (zero). This is after the dead zone time (t0) has elapsed from the start of the demand time. The value of the power consumption at this point may be zero. As a result, it is possible to widen the upper and lower limits of the upper limit value and the lower limit value and prevent a situation in which the level is frequently switched.

次に、レベルについて説明する。上述した通り、レベルは、初期値レベル0を含むレベル1〜5の6段階とし、レベル数値が上るほど省電力方向になるように各段階の対象機器の制御状態を設定する。この場合、レベル5が最大レベル(消費電力が小さい)となり、レベル0が最小レベル(消費電力が大きい)となる。下記の表1,表2はレベル0〜5の設定内容を示している。エリアA〜Dは、ビル内のフロアの区画を示す。例えば、エリアA,B,C,Dは、それぞれ、執務室、会議室、廊下・エレベータホール、書庫である。
表1は空調機器の設定内容を示しており、表2は照明機器の設定内容を示している。空調機器の設定内容は、制御対象が室外機と室内機に分けている。空調機器の場合、室外機の出力度合い(100%,70%,40%,0FF)および室内機の設定温度が設定されている。また、照明機器の場合、設定照度(500Lx、450Lx,400Lx,350Lx,300Lx)、ON/OFF、間引き度合い(例えば、1/2に間引く、1/3に間引く)が設定されている。
Next, the level will be described. As described above, the level has six levels of levels 1 to 5 including the initial value level 0, and the control state of the target device at each level is set so that the power saving direction increases as the level value increases. In this case, level 5 is the maximum level (low power consumption), and level 0 is the minimum level (high power consumption). Tables 1 and 2 below show the setting contents of levels 0 to 5. Areas A to D show the sections of the floor in the building. For example, areas A, B, C, and D are an office room, a conference room, a corridor / elevator hall, and a library, respectively.
Table 1 shows the setting contents of the air conditioning equipment, and Table 2 shows the setting contents of the lighting equipment. The setting contents of the air conditioning equipment are divided into outdoor units and indoor units. In the case of an air conditioner, the output level (100%, 70%, 40%, 0FF) of the outdoor unit and the set temperature of the indoor unit are set. In the case of a lighting device, set illuminance (500 Lx, 450 Lx, 400 Lx, 350 Lx, 300 Lx), ON / OFF, and a thinning degree (for example, thinning to 1/2, thinning to 1/3) are set.

人のいないスペース(例えば、書庫)では積極的に消費電力量を抑制する制御を行い、人のいるスペース(執務室)では環境変化が比較的緩やかになるように省エネ制御する設定とすることで、居住区への影響を最小限に留めている。   In a space where there are no people (for example, a library), the power consumption is actively controlled, and in a space where there is a person (office), energy saving control is performed so that the environmental change becomes relatively gradual. , Minimizing impact on residential areas.

以上説明したように、本実施例では、十分に契約電力を上回らないと判断される時間比例のデマンド目標下限値(下限閾値)を示すライン(目標下限値設定線)を設け、目標下限値設定線を下回った時に、電力負荷の再投入及び出力制限の解除を行うことによって、契約電力超過の回避と環境維持の両方を実現するデマンド制御を行う。
また、デマンド制御にレベル0〜5の6段階のレベルを設け、人のいるスペースと人のいないスペースに分けて、段階ごとに電力負荷の制御範囲を割り振り、そのレベルを緊急度に応じ対応させることで、環境の急変を抑え、環境的な人的ストレスを回避しつつ、かつ契約電力超過の回避が行えるようにデマンド制御を行う。
As described above, in this embodiment, a line (target lower limit setting line) indicating a time target demand lower limit (lower threshold) that is determined not to sufficiently exceed the contract power is provided, and the target lower limit is set. When it falls below the line, it performs demand control that realizes both avoidance of excess contract power and environmental maintenance by re-inputting the power load and releasing the output restriction.
In addition, there are six levels of demand control, levels 0 to 5, which are divided into spaces where people are present and spaces where people are not present, and a control range of power load is allocated for each step, and the levels are made to correspond to the level of urgency. Thus, demand control is performed so that sudden changes in the environment can be suppressed, environmental human stress can be avoided, and excess contract power can be avoided.

本発明はデマンド値(最大需要電力)の超過を防ぐデマンド監視制御システムに有用である。   The present invention is useful for a demand monitoring control system that prevents the demand value (maximum demand power) from being exceeded.

1 監視コンピュータ
21,22 制御装置(LC:Local Controller)
3 ネットワーク(LAN)
41 空調制御ユニット
42 照明制御ユニット
43 空調室外機
51,52 リレーユニット
1 Monitoring computer 21, 22 Control device (LC: Local Controller)
3 Network (LAN)
41 Air-conditioning control unit 42 Lighting control unit 43 Air-conditioning outdoor unit 51, 52 Relay unit

Claims (11)

受電電力量を計測する受電電力量計測手段と、
予め決められた単位時間となるデマンド時間内に、前記受電電力量計測手段により計測された受電電力量に基づいて対象機器の制御状態を決定する制御状態決定手段と、
前記制御状態決定手段により決定した制御状態に基づいて対象機器の運転を制御する運転制御手段を備え、
前記デマンド時間内に対象機器の消費電力量を所定の設定上限値以下に抑制するデマンド制御を行う電力自動制御システムにおいて、
前記制御状態決定手段は、省エネ度合い及び緊急度合いに応じて予め設定された複数段階の何れかのレベルに切り替えるものであり、
契約受電電力量より少ない予め設定されたデマンド時間終了時点における目標上限消費電力量の値と、
目標上限消費電力量の値より少ない、予め設定されたデマンド時間終了時点における目標下限消費電力量の値と、
デマンド時間開始時点から目標上限消費電力量の値に時間比例して到達する目標上限値設定線により表される各時点の消費電力量の上限閾値と、デマンド時間開始時点から目標下限消費電力量の値に時間比例して到達する目標下限値設定線により表される各時点の消費電力量の下限閾値であって、デマンド時間内で常に、或は、レベルの切り替えを行わない不感帯時間をデマンド時間開始の直後に設ける場合、不感帯時間内を除き、デマンド時間内で常に、目標上限設定値>目標下限設定値を満足する前記上限閾値および前記下限閾値と、
を用いて、
現時点の受電電力量が前記上限閾値を上回った場合、電力負荷の切断あるいは電力出力制限を行うように前記レベルを切り替え、前記下限閾値を下回った場合、電力負荷の投入あるいは電力出力制限解除を行うように前記レベルを切り替える、
ことを特徴とする電力自動制御システム。
A received power amount measuring means for measuring the received power amount;
Control state determining means for determining the control state of the target device based on the received power amount measured by the received power amount measuring means within a demand time which is a predetermined unit time;
An operation control means for controlling the operation of the target device based on the control state determined by the control state determination means;
In an automatic power control system that performs demand control that suppresses the power consumption of the target device to a predetermined upper limit value or less within the demand time,
The control state determination means switches to any one of a plurality of levels set in advance according to the degree of energy saving and the degree of emergency.
The target upper limit power consumption value at the end of the demand time set in advance, which is smaller than the contract received power amount,
The target lower limit power consumption value at the end of the preset demand time, which is smaller than the target upper limit power consumption value,
The upper limit threshold of power consumption at each time point represented by the target upper limit value setting line that reaches the target upper limit power consumption value in proportion to the time from the start of demand time, and the target lower limit power consumption amount from the start of demand time The lower limit threshold value of the power consumption at each time point, which is represented by the target lower limit setting line that reaches the value in proportion to the time, and the deadband time during which the level is not switched is always within the demand time. When providing immediately after the start, the upper limit threshold and the lower limit threshold that always satisfy the target upper limit set value> target lower limit set value, except within the dead zone time,
Using,
When the current amount of received power exceeds the upper limit threshold, the level is switched so as to disconnect the power load or limit power output, and when it falls below the lower limit threshold, the power load is turned on or the power output limit is released. Switch the level so that,
An automatic power control system characterized by that.
デマンド時間をx軸、消費電力量をy軸として、
前記目標上限値設定線は、y=ax+bで表され、
前記目標下限値設定線は、y=ax+bで表され、
デマンド時間内で常に、目標上限設定値(y)>目標下限設定値(y)である、或は、レベルの切り替えを行わない不感帯時間をデマンド時間開始の直後に設ける場合、不感帯時間内を除き、デマンド時間内で常に、目標上限設定値(y)>目標下限設定値(y)であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電力自動制御システム。
Demand time as x-axis and power consumption as y-axis
The target upper limit setting line is represented by y 1 = a 1 x + b 1 ,
The target lower limit setting line is represented by y 2 = a 2 x + b 2 ,
If the target upper limit set value (y 1 )> the target lower limit set value (y 2 ) is always satisfied within the demand time, or if a dead zone time in which the level is not switched is provided immediately after the start of the demand time, it is within the dead zone time. The automatic power control system according to claim 1, wherein the target upper limit set value (y 1 )> the target lower limit set value (y 2 ) is always satisfied within the demand time.
前記目標上限消費電力量の値に予め設定された割合を乗じた値をデマンド時間開始時点、或は、レベルの切り替えを行わない不感帯時間をデマンド時間開始の直後に設ける場合、不感帯時間終了時点における消費電力量の値とし、契約受電電力量の値より少なく目標上限消費電力量の値より多い値に時間比例して到達する緊急対応設定線により表される各時点の消費電力量の緊急対応閾値を用いて、前記緊急対応閾値を上回った場合、前記レベルを段階的に引き上げる目標上限値に基づく制御と、緊急的に前記レベルを段階的に引き上げる緊急対応閾値に基づく制御の2つの制御で動作させることにより、目標上限値に基づく制御による前記レベルの引き上げ時間に対し、倍速以上で前記レベルの引き上げを行うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電力自動制御システム。   When the value obtained by multiplying the value of the target upper limit power consumption by a preset ratio is the demand time start time, or when the dead band time without switching the level is provided immediately after the demand time start, the dead band time end time Emergency response threshold for power consumption at each time point represented by an emergency response setting line that reaches the value of power consumption, which is smaller than the value of contracted power reception and greater than the value of the target upper limit power consumption, in proportion to the time When the emergency response threshold is exceeded, the control is based on the control based on the target upper limit value that raises the level stepwise and the control based on the emergency response threshold that raises the level stepwise. The level is raised at a speed equal to or higher than the double speed with respect to the level raising time by the control based on the target upper limit value. Placing power automatic control system. デマンド時間をx軸、消費電力量をy軸として、
前記目標上限値設定線は、y=ax+bで表され、
前記目標下限値設定線は、y=ax+bで表され、
前記緊急対応設定線は、y=ax+bで表され、
デマンド時間内で常に、緊急対応設定値(y)>目標上限設定値(y)>目標下限設定値(y)である、或は、レベルの切り替えを行わない不感帯時間をデマンド時間開始の直後に設ける場合、不感帯時間内を除き、デマンド時間内で常に、緊急対応設定値(y)>目標上限設定値(y)>目標下限設定値(y)であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の電力自動制御システム。
Demand time as x-axis and power consumption as y-axis
The target upper limit setting line is represented by y 1 = a 1 x + b 1 ,
The target lower limit setting line is represented by y 2 = a 2 x + b 2 ,
The emergency response setting line is represented by y 3 = a 3 x + b 3 ,
Within the demand time, the emergency response set value (y 3 )> target upper limit set value (y 1 )> target lower limit set value (y 2 ), or the dead zone time without switching the level is started as the demand time When it is provided immediately after, the emergency response set value (y 3 )> target upper limit set value (y 1 )> target lower limit set value (y 2 ) is always satisfied within the demand time except within the dead zone time. The power automatic control system according to claim 3.
デマンド時間終了時点における前記レベルを維持したまま、次のデマンド時間に移行することを特徴とする請求項1〜4の何れかに記載の電力自動制御システム。   The automatic power control system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the system shifts to the next demand time while maintaining the level at the end of the demand time. 前記対象機器には、空調機器または照明機器あるいはその両方が含まれ、
上記の予め設定された複数段階の各レベルは、
空調機器の場合、室外機の出力度合いおよび室内機の設定温度が定義され、
照明機器の場合、設定照度、ON/OFF、間引き度合いの何れかが定義される、
ことを特徴とする請求項1〜5の何れかに記載の電力自動制御システム。
The target equipment includes air conditioning equipment and / or lighting equipment,
Each level of the preset multiple levels is as follows:
In the case of air conditioning equipment, the output level of the outdoor unit and the set temperature of the indoor unit are defined,
In the case of a lighting device, any one of set illuminance, ON / OFF, and thinning degree is defined.
An automatic power control system according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
受電電力量を計測する受電電力量計測ステップと、
予め決められた単位時間となるデマンド時間内に、前記受電電力量計測ステップにより計測された受電電力量に基づいて対象機器の制御状態を決定する制御状態決定ステップと、
前記制御状態決定ステップにより決定した制御状態に基づいて対象機器の運転を制御する運転制御ステップを備え、
前記デマンド時間内に対象機器の消費電力量を所定の設定上限値以下に抑制するデマンド制御を行う電力自動制御方法において、
前記制御状態決定ステップは、省エネ度合い及び緊急度合いに応じて予め設定された複数段階の何れかのレベルに切り替えるものであり、
契約受電電力量より少ない予め設定されたデマンド時間終了時点における目標上限消費電力量の値と、
目標上限消費電力量の値より少ない、予め設定されたデマンド時間終了時点における目標下限消費電力量の値と、
デマンド時間開始時点から目標上限消費電力量の値に時間比例して到達する目標上限値設定線により表される各時点の消費電力量の上限閾値、デマンド時間開始時点から目標下限消費電力量の値に時間比例して到達する目標下限値設定線により表される各時点の消費電力量の下限閾値であって、デマンド時間内で常に、或は、レベルの切り替えを行わない不感帯時間をデマンド時間開始の直後に設ける場合、不感帯時間内を除き、デマンド時間内で常に、目標上限設定値>目標下限設定値を満足する前記上限閾値および前記下限閾値と、
を用いて、
現時点の受電電力量(現在値)が前記上限閾値を上回った場合、電力負荷の切断あるいは電力出力制限を行うように前記レベルを切り替え、前記下限閾値を下回った場合、電力負荷の投入あるいは電力出力制限解除を行うように前記レベルを切り替える、
ことを特徴とする電力自動制御方法。
A received power amount measuring step for measuring the received power amount;
A control state determination step for determining a control state of the target device based on the received power amount measured by the received power amount measurement step within a demand time which is a predetermined unit time;
An operation control step of controlling the operation of the target device based on the control state determined by the control state determination step,
In the automatic power control method for performing demand control for suppressing the power consumption of the target device to be equal to or lower than a predetermined upper limit value within the demand time,
The control state determination step switches to any one of a plurality of levels set in advance according to the energy saving degree and the emergency degree,
The target upper limit power consumption value at the end of the demand time set in advance, which is smaller than the contract received power amount,
The target lower limit power consumption value at the end of the preset demand time, which is smaller than the target upper limit power consumption value,
The upper limit threshold of power consumption at each time point represented by the target upper limit value setting line that reaches the target upper power consumption value in proportion to the time from the start of demand time, the value of the target lower limit power consumption from the start of demand time The lower limit threshold of power consumption at each time point, which is represented by the target lower limit setting line that reaches in proportion to the time, and the demand time starts the dead zone time that does not change the level constantly or within the demand time In the demand time, except for the dead zone time, the upper limit threshold value and the lower limit threshold value that always satisfy the target upper limit set value> target lower limit set value,
Using,
When the current amount of received power (current value) exceeds the upper limit threshold, the level is switched so that the power load is cut off or the power output is limited. When the current received power amount (current value) falls below the lower limit threshold, the power load is turned on or the power output. Switch the level to release the restriction,
An automatic power control method characterized by the above.
前記制御状態決定ステップは、
1)現在値が前記目標上限値設定線により表される前記上限閾値以上の場合、
超過判定待ち時間が経過するまで前記上限閾値以上を継続しているか否かを判断するステップと、
超過判定待ち時間が経過するまで前記上限閾値以上を継続している場合に、電力負荷の切断あるいは電力出力制限を行うように前記レベルを切り替えるステップと、
レベル効果待ち時間が経過した後も、現在値が前記上限閾値以上を超過判定待ち時間分経過した場合、電力負荷の切断あるいは電力出力制限を行うように更に前記レベルを切り替えるステップを備え、
2)現在値が前記目標下限値設定線により表される前記下限閾値以上の場合、
未満判定待ち時間が経過するまで前記下限閾値以下を継続しているか否かを判断するステップと、
未満判定待ち時間が経過するまで前記下限閾値以下を継続している場合に、電力負荷の投入あるいは電力出力制限解除を行うように前記レベルを切り替えるステップと、
レベル効果待ち時間が経過した後も、現在値が前記下限閾値以下を未満判定待ち時間分経過した場合、電力負荷の投入あるいは電力出力制限解除を行うように更に前記レベルを切り替えるステップを備える、
ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の電力自動制御方法。
The control state determination step includes:
1) When the current value is equal to or greater than the upper limit threshold represented by the target upper limit setting line,
Determining whether or not the upper limit threshold is continued until an excess determination waiting time elapses; and
Switching the level so as to cut off the power load or limit the power output when the excess determination waiting time elapses or longer until the excess determination waiting time elapses;
Even after the level effect waiting time has elapsed, when the current value exceeds the upper limit threshold or more, the determination step further includes switching the level so as to cut the power load or limit the power output,
2) When the current value is equal to or greater than the lower limit threshold represented by the target lower limit setting line,
A step of determining whether or not the lower threshold is continued until the less than determination waiting time elapses;
A step of switching the level so as to turn on the power load or cancel the power output restriction when continuing below the lower threshold until the less than determination waiting time elapses;
Even after the level effect waiting time has elapsed, if the current value is less than the lower limit threshold, the step of further switching the level so as to turn on the power load or cancel the power output restriction when the waiting time has passed.
The power automatic control method according to claim 7.
前記制御状態決定ステップは、
前記目標上限消費電力量の値に予め設定された割合を乗じた値をデマンド時間開始時点、或は、レベルの切り替えを行わない不感帯時間をデマンド時間開始の直後に設ける場合、不感帯時間終了時点における消費電力量の値とし、契約受電電力量の値より少なく目標上限消費電力量の値より多い値に時間比例して到達する緊急対応設定線により表される各時点の消費電力量の緊急対応閾値を用いて、前記緊急対応閾値を上回った場合、前記レベルを段階的に引き上げる目標上限値に基づく制御と、緊急的に前記レベルを段階的に引き上げる緊急対応閾値に基づく制御の2つの制御で動作させることにより、目標上限値に基づく制御による前記レベルの引き上げ時間に対し、倍速以上で前記レベルの引き上げを行うことを特徴とする請求項7又は8に記載の電力自動制御方法。
The control state determination step includes:
When the value obtained by multiplying the value of the target upper limit power consumption by a preset ratio is the demand time start time, or when the dead band time without switching the level is provided immediately after the demand time start, the dead band time end time Emergency response threshold for power consumption at each time point represented by an emergency response setting line that reaches the value of power consumption, which is smaller than the value of contracted power reception and greater than the value of the target upper limit power consumption, in proportion to the time When the emergency response threshold is exceeded, the control is based on the control based on the target upper limit value that raises the level stepwise and the control based on the emergency response threshold that raises the level stepwise. The level is raised at a double speed or higher with respect to the level raising time by the control based on the target upper limit value. Automatic power control method according to 8.
前記制御状態決定ステップは、
現在値が前記緊急対応設定線により表される前記緊急対応閾値以上の場合、
超過判定待ち時間が経過するまで前記緊急対応閾値以上を継続しているか否かを判断するステップと、
超過判定待ち時間が経過するまで前記緊急対応閾値以上を継続している場合に、電力負荷の切断あるいは電力出力制限を行うように前記レベルを切り替えるステップと、
レベル効果待ち時間が経過した後も、現在値が前記緊急対応閾値以上を超過判定待ち時間分経過した場合、電力負荷の切断あるいは電力出力制限を行うように更に前記レベルを切り替えるステップを備える、
ことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の電力自動制御方法。
The control state determination step includes:
If the current value is greater than or equal to the emergency response threshold represented by the emergency response setting line,
Determining whether the emergency response threshold or higher is continued until an excess determination waiting time elapses;
Switching the level so as to cut off the power load or limit the power output when continuing over the emergency response threshold until the excess determination waiting time elapses;
Even after the level effect waiting time has elapsed, when the current value exceeds the emergency response threshold or more than the determination waiting time, a step of further switching the level so as to disconnect the power load or limit the power output is provided.
The power automatic control method according to claim 9.
デマンド時間終了時点における前記レベルを維持したまま、次のデマンド時間に移行することを特徴とする請求項7〜10の何れかに記載の電力自動制御方法。
The automatic power control method according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein a transition is made to the next demand time while maintaining the level at the end of the demand time.
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