JP2015135625A - Load control device, load control system, load control method, and program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily control distributed loads.SOLUTION: A server 20 comprises: a control quantity determination unit 214 which determines control quantities Qs which are target values of total power consumption by a power storage device 10; a demand information reception unit 211 which receives demand information indicating relation between power prices and pieces of power consumption, from the power storage device 10; a fair price determination unit 215 which determines fair prices Ps according to the control quantities Qs on the basis of the demand information; and a price signal transmission unit 216 which transmits price signals indicating the fair prices Ps to the power storage device 10.

Description

  The present invention relates to a load control device, a load control system, a load control method, and a program.

  Autonomous distributed control using multi-agent technology is being researched to balance supply and demand using power storage loads and heat storage loads such as electric vehicles and water heaters. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a system that communicates the amount of power that can be supplied, the type of power supply equipment, and the like.

JP 2012-249380 A

  However, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to communicate various types of information in order to perform cooperative control among multi-agents, and each agent performs complicated processing for cooperative control in addition to autonomous control. There is a need to do.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a background, and an object thereof is to provide a load control device, a load control system, a load control method, and a program capable of easily controlling a distributed load. .

  A main invention of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problem is a load control device, which is communicably connected to a plurality of load devices that consume power according to a power price, and the received voltage of the load device and a predetermined voltage A deviation voltage acquisition unit that acquires a deviation voltage that is a difference from a reference voltage from each of the load devices, and calculates a total of the deviation voltages, and a target of the total power consumption by the load device according to the total of the deviation voltages A control amount determination unit that determines a control amount that is a value, a demand information acquisition unit that acquires, from the load device, demand information that is information indicating a relationship between the power price and the power consumption, and the demand information An appropriate price determining unit that determines an appropriate price according to the control amount and a price signal transmitting unit that transmits a price signal indicating the appropriate price to the load device are provided.

  The load control device of the present invention further includes a demand deviation voltage relational expression calculation unit that calculates a relational expression between the total power consumption by the load apparatus and the total deviation voltage based on a past actual value, The control amount determination unit may calculate the total power consumption at which the deviation voltage is 0 as the control amount from the relational expression.

  In the load control device of the present invention, the demand information includes a power purchase price that is the power price at which the load device starts power consumption, and the power consumption per unit time at the power purchase price. Also good.

  In the load control device of the present invention, the appropriate price determination unit creates a demand curve representing a relationship between the power price and the total power consumption based on the demand information, and the control amount in the demand curve May be determined as the appropriate price.

  Another aspect of the present invention is a load control system including a plurality of load devices that consume power according to a power price, and a server device that is communicably connected to the plurality of load devices. The load device is configured to generate a demand information that is information representing a relationship between the power price and power consumption and transmit the demand information to the server device, a voltage measured by the load device and a predetermined value A departure voltage transmitting unit that transmits a departure voltage that is a difference from a reference voltage to the server device, the server device receiving the departure voltage from each load device, and the departure voltage. A control amount determination unit that determines a control amount that is a target value of the total power consumption by the load device according to the total deviation voltage, and demand information that receives the demand information from the load device Receiver An appropriate price determining unit that determines an appropriate price according to the control amount based on the demand information; and a price signal transmitting unit that transmits a price signal indicating the appropriate price to the load device. Includes a price signal receiving unit that receives the price signal from the server device, and a control unit that controls power consumption according to the power price indicated by the price signal.

  In the load control system of the present invention, the load device further includes a power purchase price determining unit that determines a power purchase price, which is a price for consuming electric power, so as to increase as the deviation voltage increases. The information may include the power purchase price and power consumption when the load device is operated.

  In the load control system of the present invention, the load device is a power storage load device or a heat storage load device, and the demand information includes a power purchase price that is the power price at which the load device starts power consumption, and the purchase price. The power consumption per unit time in the electricity price, the received voltage of the load device is V, the reference voltage is V0, the deviation voltage is dV, dV is calculated by the formula dV = V−V0, and the load The storage capacity or heat storage capacity of the device is Ws, the power consumption is Q, the current storage amount or heat storage amount is W, the time until the load device starts to be used from the present time is T, and the storage amount or heat storage amount is W Tf is calculated by the formula Tf = (Ws−W) ÷ Q, where Tf is the time required to reach the maximum value, and the demand information transmission unit sets the power purchase price to P and the power purchase price maximum value to Tf. Pmax When the maximum value of the deviation voltage is Va and Tf ÷ T is less than a predetermined value, P is expressed by the equation P = Pmax × {(1−Tf ÷ T) ÷ 2 × Va × dV + (1 + Tf ÷ T) ÷ 2}, and when Tf ÷ T is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, P = Pmax may be set.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a load control method in which a computer that is communicably connected to a plurality of load devices that consume power according to a power price is connected to a power reception voltage of the load device and a predetermined reference. A step of obtaining a deviation voltage that is a difference from the voltage from each of the load devices, calculating a sum of the deviation voltages, and a control that is a target value of a total power consumption by the load device according to the sum of the deviation voltages A step of determining an amount, a step of acquiring demand information, which is information representing a relationship between the power price and the power consumption, from the load device, and determining an appropriate price according to the control amount based on the demand information And a step of transmitting a price signal indicating the reasonable price to the load device.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a program for load control, wherein a received voltage of the load device is connected to a computer that is communicably connected to a plurality of load devices that consume power according to a power price. A step of obtaining a deviation voltage that is a difference from a predetermined reference voltage from each of the load devices, calculating a sum of the deviation voltages, and a target value of a total power consumption by the load device according to the sum of the deviation voltages A step of determining a control amount, a step of obtaining demand information, which is information representing a relationship between the power price and the power consumption, from the load device, and an appropriate amount according to the control amount based on the demand information An appropriate price determining unit that determines a price and a step of transmitting a price signal indicating the appropriate price to the load device are executed.

  Other problems and solutions to be disclosed by the present application will be made clear by the embodiments of the invention and the drawings.

  According to the present invention, a distributed load can be easily controlled.

It is a figure which shows an example of the whole structure of the electric power system of this embodiment. 2 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration example of a power storage device 10. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a software configuration example of a power storage agent 11. FIG. It is an example of the graph showing the relationship between the deviation voltage dV and the power purchase price P. It is a figure which shows the flow of the process by the electrical storage agent. It is a figure which shows the flow of a demand information transmission process. 2 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration example of a server 20. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a software configuration of a server 20. FIG. It is a figure which shows the flow of the process by the server. It is a figure explaining the determination method of a reasonable price. It is a figure which shows the flow of a control amount determination process. It is a figure explaining a demand deviation voltage amount relational expression.

== Overall system configuration ==
Hereinafter, a power system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the overall configuration of the power system according to the present embodiment. The power system according to the present embodiment includes the power storage device 10 and the server 20. The power storage device 10 and the server 20 each have a communication function, and are connected to each other via a communication network 30 so that they can communicate with each other. The communication network 30 is, for example, the Internet, and is constructed by, for example, a public telephone line, a mobile phone line, a wireless communication path, a dedicated telephone line, a power line, a serial cable, Ethernet (registered trademark), or the like.

  The power storage device 10 is a load device that charges or discharges the storage battery according to the power price.

  The server 20 is a computer such as a personal computer and a workstation that determines an appropriate power price (hereinafter referred to as an appropriate price) that balances supply and demand. The server 20 transmits information indicating the determined appropriate price (hereinafter referred to as a price signal) to the load system 10. Thereby, in the electric power system of this embodiment, it is going to set an appropriate price so that the supply-and-demand balance in an electric power system may be taken, performing the autonomous control of charge or discharge by the load system 10. In the present embodiment, the server 20 is installed in a substation for each power system, and controls the power storage devices 10 in the same area (same power system).

== Configuration of Power Storage Device 10 ==
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration example of the power storage device 10. The power storage device 10 includes a power storage agent 11 and a storage battery 12. The storage battery 12 is assumed to be a general storage battery that is charged and discharged by external control. The power storage agent 11 is a computer that controls the storage battery 12. As will be described later, the power storage agent 11 controls the storage battery 12 so that the storage battery 12 is charged or discharged according to the price signal.

  The power storage agent 11 includes a CPU 101, a memory 102, a storage device 103, a communication interface 104, and a control interface 105. The storage device 103 stores various data and programs, for example, a flash memory, a solid state drive, a hard disk drive, and the like. The CPU 101 implements various functions by reading a program stored in the storage device 103 into the memory 102 and executing it. The communication interface 104 is an interface for connecting to the communication network 30. For example, a PLC modem for connecting to a power line to perform power line communication (PLC), a modem for connecting to a public telephone line network A wireless communication device for connecting to a wireless communication network, an adapter for connecting to Ethernet (registered trademark), and the like. The control interface 105 is an interface for connecting to the storage battery 12. The control interface 105 may be, for example, an interface for performing serial communication, a terminal for outputting an electrical signal, or a communication interface for performing information communication with the storage battery 12. Also good. The power storage agent 11 can control the storage battery 12 by transmitting a command signal to the load 12 via the control interface 105.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a software configuration example of the power storage agent 11. The power storage agent 11 includes a power storage information acquisition unit 111, a power purchase price determination unit 112, a demand information transmission unit 113, a price signal reception unit 114, a charge / discharge control unit 115, a power storage information storage unit 131, and a price signal storage unit 132.

  The power storage information acquisition unit 111, the power purchase price determination unit 112, the demand information transmission unit 113, the price signal reception unit 114, and the charge / discharge control unit 115 are stored in the storage device 103 by the CPU 101 included in the load agent 11 of the load system 10. The load information storage unit 131 and the price signal storage unit 132 are realized as part of a storage area provided by the memory 102 and the storage device 103.

  The storage information storage unit 131 stores information related to the storage battery 12 (hereinafter referred to as storage information). The power storage information includes the power consumption per unit time of the storage battery 12, the capacity of the storage battery 12, the use start time, the maximum power price (hereinafter referred to as Pmax), and the like. It is assumed that the storage battery 12 is charged by the capacity by the use start time. If the power price is equal to or less than the power purchase price, the storage battery 12 is charged, and if the power price exceeds Pmax, charging is not performed.

  The power storage information acquisition unit 111 acquires power storage information and registers the acquired power storage information in the power storage information storage unit 131. The power storage information acquisition unit 111 can accept input of power storage information from the user. For example, the storage information acquisition unit 111 can acquire the capacity of the storage battery 12 from the storage battery 12 via the control interface 105. In addition, the power storage information acquisition unit 111 acquires the current power storage amount of the storage battery 12. The power storage information acquisition unit 111 may receive an input of the current power storage amount from the user, or may acquire the current power storage amount from the storage battery 12 via the control interface 105. In addition, the power storage information acquisition unit 111 measures a voltage (referred to as a power reception voltage) received by the power storage device 10 from the distribution line.

  The power purchase price determination unit 112 determines a price at which the power storage device 10 consumes power, that is, a price for charging the storage battery 12 (hereinafter referred to as a power purchase price). The power purchase price determination unit 112 determines the power purchase price according to the current power storage amount of the storage battery 12 and the received voltage. For example, the power purchase price determination unit 112 determines the power purchase price so that the larger the difference between the capacity of the storage battery 12 and the current power storage amount, the lower the price. In addition, the power purchase price determination unit 112 determines the power purchase price so as to increase as the difference between the power reception voltage and a predetermined reference voltage (hereinafter referred to as a deviation voltage) increases, for example. In the present embodiment, the received voltage is V [V], the reference voltage is V0 [V], the deviation voltage is dV [V], the allowable maximum value of the deviation voltage is Va [V], and the capacity of the storage battery 12 is Ws [kWh]. , The power consumption per unit time is Q [kW], the current storage amount of the storage battery 12 is W [kWh], the time from the current time to the use start time is T [h], from the minimum capacity of the storage battery 12 to the full charge The power purchase price P is calculated by the following formulas (1) to (4), where Tf0 [h] is the time taken for the current charge and T [h] is the time taken from the current charged amount to full charge.

図４は、逸脱電圧ｄＶと買電価格Ｐとの関係を表すグラフの例である。このように、逸脱電圧ｄＶが大きくなるほど買電価格Ｐは高くなるように決定される。

FIG. 4 is an example of a graph showing the relationship between the deviation voltage dV and the power purchase price P. Thus, the purchase price P is determined to be higher as the deviation voltage dV increases.

  The demand information transmission unit 113 transmits information related to power demand by the power storage device 10 (hereinafter referred to as demand information) to the server 20. The demand information includes information for specifying the power storage agent 11 (hereinafter referred to as an agent ID), a power purchase price, power consumption, and deviation voltage. The demand information transmission unit 113 obtains a reference voltage V0 from the agent ID of the power storage agent 11, the power purchase price and power consumption stored in the power storage information storage unit 131, and the power reception voltage V measured by the power storage information acquisition unit 111. Demand information including the drawn deviation voltage dV is transmitted to the server 20.

  The price signal receiving unit 114 receives a price signal transmitted from the server 20. The price signal receiving unit 114 registers the price signal received from the server 20 in the price signal storage unit 132.

  The charge / discharge control unit 115 controls the storage battery 12 according to the price signal. The charge / discharge control unit 115 charges the storage battery 12 when the price signal stored in the price signal storage unit 132 is equal to or less than the power purchase price stored in the power storage information storage unit 131, and the storage battery When the battery 12 is fully charged (the amount of electricity stored in the storage battery 12 becomes the capacity of the storage battery 12) or when the price signal exceeds the power purchase price, the charging of the storage battery 12 is stopped. In addition, control of charge to the storage battery 12 is assumed to be general control, and description thereof is omitted here.

== Processing of Power Storage Device 10 ==
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a flow of processing by the power storage agent 11.

  The power purchase price determination unit 112 sets the use start time stored in the power storage information storage unit 131 to t0 (S401), and uses the capacity (Ws) stored in the power storage information storage unit 131 as power consumption per unit time. A value divided by (Q) is set as Tf0 (S402). The power storage agent 11 repeats the following processing.

  The power storage agent 11 executes the demand information transmission process shown in FIG. 6 (S403).

  As shown in FIG. 6, when the power storage device 10 is off (OFF) (S421: YES), the power storage information acquisition unit 111 measures the received voltage V (S422) and uses the measured received voltage V as a reference voltage V0. Is subtracted to calculate the deviation voltage dV (S423). The power purchase price determination unit 112 subtracts the current time t from t0 to calculate the time T until the use start time (S424). The storage information acquisition unit 111 acquires the current storage amount W of the storage battery 12 (S425). The power purchase price determining unit 112 subtracts a value obtained by dividing W by Q from Tf0 to calculate a time Tf required until full charge (S426). If the value obtained by dividing the time Tf required to fully charge by the time T until the use start time is smaller than a predetermined value (1 in the present embodiment) (S427: YES), the power purchase price determining unit 112

により買電価格Ｐを算出し（Ｓ４２８）、そうでなければ（Ｓ４２７：ＮＯ）、Ｐｍａｘを買電価格Ｐとする（Ｓ４２９）。需要情報送信部１１３は、買電価格Ｐと消費電力Ｑと逸脱電圧ｄＶとを含む需要情報をサーバ２０に送信する（Ｓ４３０）。

Thus, the power purchase price P is calculated (S428). Otherwise (S427: NO), Pmax is set as the power purchase price P (S429). The demand information transmission unit 113 transmits demand information including the power purchase price P, the power consumption Q, and the deviation voltage dV to the server 20 (S430).

Returning to FIG. 5, when the price signal receiving unit 114 has received the price signal Ps (S404: YES), the charge / discharge control unit 115 determines that the price signal Ps is equal to or less than the power purchase price P (S405: YES). Then, the rechargeable battery 12 is charged (S406), and if the price signal Ps is larger than the power purchase price P (S405: NO), the charging of the rechargeable battery 12 is stopped (S407). The power storage information acquisition unit 111 measures the received voltage V (S408), and calculates the deviation voltage dV by subtracting the reference voltage V0 from the measured received voltage V (S409). The demand information transmitting unit 113 transmits demand information including the power purchase price P, power consumption Q, and deviation voltage dV to the server 20 (S410).
By repeatedly executing the above processing, the power storage agent 11 determines a power purchase price according to the time required for charging, the current power storage amount, and the deviation voltage, and notifies the server 20 of the power purchase price. Charging control to the storage battery 12 can be performed according to the signal.

== Configuration of Server 20 ==
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration example of the server 20. The server 20 includes a CPU 201, a memory 202, a storage device 203, a communication interface 204, an input device 205, and an output device 206. The storage device 203 is, for example, a hard disk drive, a solid state drive, or a flash memory that stores various data and programs. The CPU 201 implements various functions by reading the program stored in the storage device 203 into the memory 202 and executing it. The communication interface 204 is an interface for connecting to the communication network 30. For example, a PLC modem for connecting to a power line and performing power line communications (PLC), a modem for connecting to a public telephone line network An adapter for connecting to Ethernet (registered trademark), a wireless communication device for connecting to a wireless communication network, and the like. The input device 205 is a keyboard, mouse, trackball, touch panel, microphone, or the like that accepts data input. The output device 206 is, for example, a display, a printer, or a speaker that outputs data.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a software configuration example of the server 20. The server 20 includes a demand information reception unit 211, a demand curve creation unit 212, a load current measurement unit 213, a control amount determination unit 214, an appropriate price determination unit 215, a price signal transmission unit 216, a demand information storage unit 231, and a demand curve storage unit. 232, a demand history storage unit 233, and a reasonable price storage unit 234.

  The demand information receiving unit 211, the demand curve creating unit 212, the load current measuring unit 213, the control amount determining unit 214, the appropriate price determining unit 215, and the price signal transmitting unit 216 are stored in the storage device 203 by the CPU 201 included in the server 20. The demand information storage unit 231, the demand curve storage unit 232, the demand history storage unit 233, and the appropriate price storage unit 234 are realized by reading out the stored program into the memory 202 and executing it. This is realized as a part of a storage area provided by the device 203.

  The demand information receiving unit 211 (corresponding to the deviation voltage acquisition unit and the demand information acquisition unit of the present invention) receives the demand information transmitted from the power storage device 10. The demand information receiving unit 211 registers the received demand information in the demand information storage unit 231. Note that only the latest demand information is stored in the demand information storage unit 231.

  The demand curve creation unit 212 obtains a demand curve in the area based on the demand information. For example, the demand curve creation unit 212 totals the power consumption of the demand information for each power price, calculates the cumulative power consumption in the order of the power price, and creates a function representing the relationship between the power price and the cumulative power consumption. Can do. The demand curve may be created geometrically, or the accumulated power consumption may be stored in a table format in association with the power price for each predetermined unit circle (for example, 1 yen). .

  The load current measuring unit 213 measures a load current (hereinafter referred to as PL) at a substation of the power system in which the server 20 is installed. The load current measurement unit 213 uses a known method for the load current measurement process, and the description thereof is omitted here. It is assumed that the load current measurement unit 213 registers the history of the measured load current in the demand history storage unit 233 every time the load current is measured. The load current PL is a total of power consumption (hereinafter referred to as Qs) by a load (in this embodiment, the power storage device 10) that can be controlled by a price signal, and a load that cannot be controlled by a price signal. (In this embodiment, it is a total value of the total power consumption (hereinafter referred to as PL0) by all loads other than the power storage device 10 and hereinafter referred to as non-control load).

  The control amount determination unit 214 (corresponding to the control amount determination unit and the demand deviation voltage relational expression calculation unit of the present invention) corresponds to the total target value (hereinafter referred to as power consumption) by the power storage device 10 according to the total ΣdV of the deviation voltage dV. , Called control amount, which is also expressed as Qs). For example, when the power supply amount fluctuates due to wind power generation, solar power generation, or the like, the control amount determination unit 214 assumes that the demand amount by the power storage device 10 should be increased according to the fluctuation, and the target value is set as the control amount Qs. decide. Details of the control amount Qs determination process will be described later. Every time the control amount determination unit 214 determines the control amount Qs, the history of the total ΣdV of the deviation voltage dV, the history of the load current (that is, the demand amount) PL, and the history of the determined control amount are stored in the demand history storage unit 233. It shall be registered.

  The appropriate price determination unit 215 determines an appropriate price. The appropriate price determination unit 215 determines the power price corresponding to the control amount Qs in the demand curve as the appropriate price. The appropriate price determination unit 215 registers the determined appropriate price in the appropriate price storage unit 234.

  Price signal transmission unit 216 transmits a price signal indicating an appropriate price stored in appropriate price storage unit 334 to power storage device 10. As a result, in the power storage device 10, charging is controlled according to the appropriate price.

== Processing of Server 20 ==
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the flow of processing by the server 20.

  When the demand information receiving unit 211 receives the demand information transmitted from the power storage device 10 (S501: YES), the received demand information is registered in the demand information storage unit 231 (S502). Demand information as shown in the list 21 of FIG. 10 is registered in the demand information storage unit 231.

  The demand curve creation unit 212 totals power consumption for each power purchase price from the demand information storage unit 231 and creates a demand curve in the area (S503). As shown in FIG. 10, the demand curve creating unit 212 converts the power purchase price into the power price for each power price from the maximum price Pmax to the lowest price (for example, 0 yen) in units of 1 yen. The power consumption of the matching demand information is totaled to calculate the cumulative product power. Table 22 in FIG. 10 shows the calculation results.

  The control amount determination unit 214 calculates the control amount Qs by a control amount calculation process shown in FIG. 11 described later (S504).

  As shown in FIG. 11, the control amount determination unit 214 sets a minimum value of power consumption (hereinafter referred to as minimum load power) Qmin (S521). The minimum load power may be received, for example, from an operator, or may be determined according to the minimum amount of generated power from the generator. The controlled variable determining unit 214 estimates a relational expression (hereinafter referred to as a demand deviation voltage relational expression) between the total value ΣdV of the deviation power dV and the demand quantity PL (S522). The control amount determination unit 214 can obtain the demand deviation voltage relational expression by a known method such as multiple regression analysis for the ΣdV history and the PL history registered in the demand history storage unit 233, for example. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a demand deviation voltage relational expression. As shown in the figure, when the amount of power supply increases due to wind power generation or solar power generation, etc., the power demand in the power system to which these power generation facilities are connected decreases, and the voltage increases and the deviation voltage increases. The total value of ΣdV also increases. In the example of FIG. 12, it is assumed that the demand deviation voltage relational expression is a linear primary expression, but may be a high-order relational expression.

  Thereafter, the following processing is repeated. That is, the load current measuring unit 213 measures the load current PL at the substation (S523). The load current measurement unit 213 registers the measured load current PL in the demand history storage unit 233 (S524). The control amount determination unit 214 calculates the ΣdV by adding the deviation voltage dV included in the demand information stored in the demand information storage unit 231 (S525), and registers the calculated ΣdV in the demand history storage unit 233 ( S526). If ΣdV is larger than the predetermined threshold (S527: YES), the control amount determination unit 214 obtains a demand amount (that is, PLx in FIG. 12) that makes ΣdV 0 from the demand deviation voltage relational expression. Qs is set (S528). On the other hand, if ΣdV is equal to or smaller than the threshold value (S527: NO), the control amount determination unit 214 determines the load current PL as the control amount Qs (S529).

  Returning to FIG. 9, the control amount determination unit 214 registers the determined Qs in the demand history storage unit 233 (S505), and the appropriate price determination unit 215 obtains the price corresponding to Qs from the demand curve and sets it as the appropriate price Ps ( S506). In the demand curve 23 of FIG. 9, the price P corresponding to the control amount Qs becomes the appropriate price Ps. The price signal transmission unit 216 transmits the appropriate price Ps as a price signal to all the power storage devices 10 (power storage agents 11) (S507).

== Effects of this power system ==
As described above, according to the power system of the present embodiment, the server 20 can control the power storage device 10 only by giving a price signal to the power storage device 10. Therefore, it becomes possible to easily control the dispersed power storage devices 10.

  Further, according to the power system of the present embodiment, the server 20 obtains a demand curve based on the demand information acquired from the power storage device 10, and the price corresponding to the control amount Qs in the demand curve is determined as an appropriate price. it can. Therefore, since it is based on a demand curve, an appropriate price can be determined easily and appropriately.

  In addition, according to the power system of the present embodiment, the price signal is determined with the demand amount at which the deviation voltage ΣdV is 0 as the control amount Qs, thereby controlling the power storage device 10. For example, in the example of FIG. 12, when the total deviation voltage ΣdV (t) corresponding to the demand quantity PL (t) at time t is larger than 0, the deviation voltage ΣdV can be eliminated by raising the demand quantity to PLx. I understand that I can do it. In the power system of the present embodiment, when ΣdV exceeds the threshold, PLx in FIG. 12 (demand amount at which ΣdV = 0) is used as the control amount Qs (step S528 in FIG. 11), so that the deviation voltage in the power system Can be eliminated. Therefore, even when the power supply amount fluctuates due to wind power generation or solar power generation, it is possible to operate the power system stably.

  In addition, according to the power system of the present embodiment, the power storage device 10 may determine whether to charge the storage battery 12 according to the comparison between the power price Ps indicated by the price signal and the power purchase price P. The charging control of the device 10 can be easily performed.

== Modification ==
In the present embodiment, the load to be controlled from the server 20 is the power storage device 10 that controls the charging of the storage battery 12. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and any type can be used as long as it consumes power. Absent. For example, the load may be a heat storage device such as a water heater. In this case, the heat storage device is also provided with an agent similar to the power storage agent 11, and the current heat storage amount is acquired as W in step S425 in FIG. 6, and the water heater is heated in steps S406 and S407 in FIG. It is assumed that the start (S406) or the end (S407) is performed.

  In the present embodiment, the server 20 is installed in a substation of the power system and controls demand for each power system. However, one server 20 receives demand information from a plurality of power systems, One server 20 may transmit a price signal so as to adjust demands of a plurality of power systems. In this case, the demand information storage unit 231, the demand curve storage unit 232, the demand history storage unit 233, and the appropriate price storage unit 234 of the server 20 each have a demand information, a demand curve, a load current and a controlled variable, and an appropriate amount for each power system. The price is stored, the demand curve creation unit 212 creates a demand curve for each power system, the load current measurement unit 213 measures the load current for each power system, and the control amount determination unit 214 controls for each power system. The amount Qs is determined, the appropriate price determination unit 215 determines the power price corresponding to the control amount for the power system as the appropriate price from the demand curve for each power system, and the price signal transmission unit 216 The appropriate price is transmitted as a price signal only to the power storage device 10 corresponding to the power system.

  In the present embodiment, the demand information includes the power purchase price and the power consumption per unit time. However, the demand information is not limited to this, for example, a function for obtaining power consumption according to the power purchase price, etc. Any relationship can be used as long as it represents the relationship between the power purchase price and the power consumption in the load, and a demand curve in the area can be created based on the relationship.

  In the present embodiment, the demand information is periodically transmitted to the server 20, but may be transmitted at an arbitrary timing. For example, demand information may be returned in response to a request from the server 20, or may be transmitted in response to an instruction from an operator.

  In the present embodiment, the price signal is transmitted from the server 20 and the power storage device 10 waits for this. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the price signal receiving unit 114 may be at any timing (for example, power storage information). May be transmitted to the server 20 (such as when an operator is registered or when an instruction is received from an operator), and the server 20 may receive a price signal responding to the request.

  In the present embodiment, charging is unconditionally performed if the price Ps indicated by the price signal is equal to or less than the power purchase price, but charging may not be performed if the battery is fully charged.

  In the present embodiment, the capacity Ts is calculated by dividing the capacity Ws by the power consumption Q. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and if the power consumption used for charging can be changed, the purchase can be made. In the case of a price signal cheaper than the electricity price, charging may be performed so that the amount of power consumption is larger. In this case, the power consumption for each price is transmitted to the server 20 as demand information.

  In the present embodiment, the supply function and the storage function (including the charge function and the discharge function) are functions for calculating the power generation amount or the charge / discharge amount by substituting the power price. Instead, it may be information indicating the relationship between the power price and the amount of power generation or charge / discharge. For example, the power generation amount or the charge / discharge amount may be managed in association with the power price for each predetermined unit amount (for example, any amount such as 1 yen, 5 yen, 10 yen, etc.).

  The supply function and the storage function (including the charge function and the discharge function) are information indicating the relationship between the power price, the power generation amount, and the charge / discharge amount, and the change in the power price and the change in the power generation amount / charge / discharge amount. Information indicating the price elasticity of the power generation amount or the charge / discharge amount.

  In the present embodiment, the total supply amount and the total charge amount for each power price are recorded as a table, and the supply curve and the demand curve are determined based on the table. For example, the power generation function and the storage function are equations. In this case, the supply function and the demand function can also be expressed by an equation. In this case, the intersection of the supply function and the demand function is calculated by using the equation. You may make it do.

  In the present embodiment, the power generation apparatus 10 includes the power generation agent 11 and the power generator 12. However, the power generation agent 11 and the power generator 12 may be provided as separate apparatuses. Similarly, the power storage agent 21 and the storage battery 22 may be provided as separate devices. One power generation agent 11 may control a plurality of generators 12 and one power storage agent 21 may control a plurality of storage batteries 22.

  In the present embodiment, the server 30 is a single computer, but may be realized by a plurality of computers. In this case, for example, one virtual computer may be realized by a plurality of computers, or a storage unit and a function unit may be distributed to a plurality of computers.

  Although the present embodiment has been described above, the above embodiment is intended to facilitate understanding of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention can be changed and improved without departing from the gist thereof, and the present invention includes equivalents thereof.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Power storage device 20 Server 111 Power storage information acquisition part 112 Electric power purchase price determination part 113 Demand information transmission part 114 Price signal reception part 115 Charge / discharge control part 131 Power storage information storage part 132 Price signal storage part 211 Demand information reception part 212 Demand curve creation Unit 213 load current measurement unit 214 control amount determination unit 215 reasonable price determination unit 216 price signal transmission unit 231 demand supply curve storage unit 232 demand curve storage unit 233 demand history storage unit 234 reasonable price storage unit

Claims (9)

It is communicably connected to multiple load devices that consume power according to the electricity price,
A deviation voltage acquisition unit that acquires a deviation voltage that is a difference between a power reception voltage of the load device and a predetermined reference voltage from each load device;
A control amount determination unit that calculates a total of the deviation voltages and determines a control amount that is a target value of the total power consumption by the load device according to the total of the deviation voltages;
A demand information acquisition unit that acquires demand information, which is information representing a relationship between the power price and the power consumption, from the load device;
A reasonable price determination unit that determines a reasonable price according to the control amount based on the demand information;
A price signal transmitter that transmits a price signal indicating the appropriate price to the load device;
A load control device comprising: The load control device according to claim 1,
A demand deviation voltage relational expression calculating unit that calculates a relational expression between the total power consumption by the load device and the total deviation voltage based on past actual values;
The control amount determination unit calculates the total power consumption at which the deviation voltage becomes 0 as the control amount from the relational expression;
A load control device. The load control device according to claim 1 or 2,
The demand information includes a power purchase price that is the power price at which the load device starts power consumption, and the power consumption per unit time at the power purchase price;
A load control device. The load control device according to claim 3,
The appropriate price determination unit creates a demand curve representing a relationship between the power price and the total power consumption based on the demand information, and determines the power price corresponding to the control amount in the demand curve as the appropriate price. To decide as,
A load control device. A plurality of load devices that consume power according to the power price, and a server device that is communicably connected to the plurality of load devices,
The load device is:
A demand information transmitting unit that creates demand information that is information representing a relationship between the power price and power consumption and transmits the demand information to the server device;
A deviation voltage transmitter that transmits a deviation voltage, which is a difference between a voltage measured by the load device and a predetermined reference voltage, to the server device;
With
The server device
A deviation voltage acquisition unit for receiving the deviation voltage from each of the load devices;
A control amount determination unit that calculates a total of the deviation voltages and determines a control amount that is a target value of the total power consumption by the load device according to the total of the deviation voltages;
A demand information receiving unit for receiving the demand information from the load device;
A reasonable price determination unit that determines a reasonable price according to the control amount based on the demand information;
A price signal transmitter that transmits a price signal indicating the appropriate price to the load device;
With
The load device is:
A price signal receiving unit for receiving the price signal from the server device;
A control unit for controlling power consumption according to the power price indicated by the price signal;
A load control system comprising: The load control system according to claim 5,
The load device further includes a power purchase price determining unit that determines a power purchase price, which is a price for consuming electric power, so as to increase as the deviation voltage increases.
The demand information includes the power purchase price and power consumption when operating the load device,
A load control system characterized by The load control system according to claim 5 or 6,
The load device is a power storage load device or a heat storage load device,
The demand information includes a power purchase price that is the power price at which the load device starts power consumption, and the power consumption per unit time at the power purchase price,
Assuming that the receiving voltage of the load device is V, the reference voltage is V0, and the deviation voltage is dV, dV is an expression dV = V−V0.
Calculated by
The storage capacity or heat storage capacity of the load device is Ws, the power consumption is Q, the current storage amount or heat storage amount is W, the time from the current start of using the load device is T, and the storage amount or heat storage amount is Assuming that the time required to reach the maximum value from W is Tf, Tf is the expression Tf = (Ws−W) ÷ Q
Calculated by
The demand information transmission unit sets the power purchase price as P, the maximum value of the power purchase price as Pmax, the maximum value of the deviation voltage as Va, and when Tf ÷ T is less than a predetermined value, P P = Pmax × {(1−Tf ÷ T) ÷ 2 × Va × dV + (1 + Tf ÷ T) ÷ 2}
When Tf ÷ T is not less than the predetermined value, P = Pmax is set.
A load control system characterized by A computer that is communicably connected to a plurality of load devices that consume power according to the power price.
Obtaining a deviation voltage that is a difference between a power reception voltage of the load device and a predetermined reference voltage from each load device;
Calculating a total of the deviation voltages, and determining a control amount that is a target value of the total power consumption by the load device according to the total of the deviation voltages;
Obtaining demand information, which is information representing a relationship between the power price and the power consumption, from the load device;
A reasonable price determination unit that determines a reasonable price according to the control amount based on the demand information;
Transmitting a price signal indicating the reasonable price to the load device;
The load control method characterized by performing. To a computer that is communicably connected to multiple load devices that consume power according to the power price,
Obtaining a deviation voltage that is a difference between a power reception voltage of the load device and a predetermined reference voltage from each load device;
Calculating a total of the deviation voltages, and determining a control amount that is a target value of the total power consumption by the load device according to the total of the deviation voltages;
Obtaining demand information, which is information representing a relationship between the power price and the power consumption, from the load device;
A reasonable price determination unit that determines a reasonable price according to the control amount based on the demand information;
Transmitting a price signal indicating the reasonable price to the load device;
A program for running

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