JP2015131348A - friction stir welding method - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、摩擦攪拌接合方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a friction stir welding method.
特許文献1には、金属部材同士の突合部の表面側及び裏面側から摩擦攪拌接合を行い、摩擦攪拌接合によって形成された塑性化領域同士を接触させることで、突合部を隙間無く接合する技術が開示されている。この技術によれば、接合された金属部材同士の気密性及び水密性を向上させることができる。 Patent Document 1 discloses a technique in which friction stir welding is performed from the front side and the back side of the abutting portion between metal members, and the plasticizing regions formed by the friction stir welding are brought into contact with each other so that the abutting portion is joined without a gap. Is disclosed. According to this technique, the airtightness and watertightness of the joined metal members can be improved.
従来の接合方法により、板厚が大きい金属部材同士を接合する場合には、攪拌ピンの長さ及び外径を大きくする必要があり、さらには、この攪拌ピンの大型化に伴って、ショルダ部の外径も大きくする必要がある。ところが、ショルダ部の外径を大きくすると、金属部材とショルダ部との摩擦が大きくなるため、摩擦攪拌装置にかかる負荷が大きくなるという問題がある。これにより、特に板厚の大きい金属部材の深い位置を接合することが困難になっていた。 When joining metal members having large plate thicknesses by conventional joining methods, it is necessary to increase the length and outer diameter of the stirring pin. Further, as the stirring pin becomes larger, the shoulder portion It is necessary to increase the outer diameter of the. However, when the outer diameter of the shoulder portion is increased, the friction between the metal member and the shoulder portion increases, and there is a problem that the load applied to the friction stirrer increases. This makes it difficult to join a deep position of a metal member having a particularly large plate thickness.
このような観点から、本発明は、摩擦攪拌装置にかかる負荷を小さくすることで、突合部の深い位置まで接合することができる摩擦攪拌接合方法を提供することを課題とする。 From such a viewpoint, an object of the present invention is to provide a friction stir welding method capable of joining to a deep position of a butt portion by reducing a load applied to the friction stirrer.
このような課題を解決するために本発明は、攪拌ピンを備え、摩擦攪拌装置の回転軸に連結された回転ツールを用いて二つの金属部材を接合する摩擦攪拌接合方法であって、前記金属部材同士の突合部に仮接合を行う仮接合工程と、前記突合部に回転した前記攪拌ピンを挿入し、前記摩擦攪拌装置及び前記回転ツールのうち前記回転ツールの前記攪拌ピンのみを前記金属部材に接触させた状態で摩擦攪拌接合を行う本接合工程と、を含み、前記仮接合工程で用いる仮接合用回転ツールは、ショルダ部と、攪拌ピンとで構成されており、前記ショルダ部は、円柱状を呈し、前記摩擦攪拌装置の回転軸に連結される部位であるとともに、塑性流動化した金属を押さえる部位であり、前記仮接合工程では、前記ショルダ部の下端面を前記金属部材同士の表面に押し込みながら前記仮接合用回転ツールを相対移動させることを特徴とする。 In order to solve such problems, the present invention provides a friction stir welding method for joining two metal members using a rotary tool provided with a stirring pin and connected to a rotating shaft of a friction stirrer. Temporary joining step of temporarily joining the abutting portions of the members, and inserting the agitating pin rotated into the abutting portion, and only the agitating pin of the rotating tool among the friction stirrer and the rotating tool is the metal member. A temporary joining rotary tool used in the temporary joining step includes a shoulder portion and a stirring pin, and the shoulder portion is a circle. It is a part that has a columnar shape and is connected to the rotating shaft of the friction stirrer and a part that holds the plastic fluidized metal. In the temporary joining step, the lower end surface of the shoulder part is the same as the metal member. And wherein said rotary tool for temporarily joined while pressing on the surface to cause relative movement.
かかる方法によれば、金属部材に接触させる部分を攪拌ピンのみにすることで、ショルダを金属部材に押し付ける従来の摩擦攪拌接合方法に比べて金属部材と回転ツールとの摩擦を軽減することができ、摩擦攪拌装置にかかる負荷を小さくすることができる。すなわち、本発明によれば、金属部材の深い位置まで攪拌ピンを挿入することができるようになるため、板厚の大きい金属部材であっても深い位置まで接合することができる。また、仮接合工程を行うことで、本接合工程を行う際に金属部材同士が離間するのを防ぐことができる。 According to such a method, the friction between the metal member and the rotating tool can be reduced compared to the conventional friction stir welding method in which the shoulder is pressed against the metal member by making only the stirring pin the portion to be brought into contact with the metal member. The load applied to the friction stirrer can be reduced. That is, according to the present invention, since the stirring pin can be inserted to a deep position of the metal member, even a metal member having a large plate thickness can be joined to a deep position. Moreover, by performing a temporary joining process, when performing a main joining process, it can prevent that metal members separate.
また、本発明は、攪拌ピンを備え、摩擦攪拌装置の回転軸に連結された回転ツールを用いて二つの金属部材を接合する摩擦攪拌接合方法であって、前記金属部材同士の突合部に仮接合を行う仮接合工程と、前記突合部に回転した前記攪拌ピンを挿入し、前記摩擦攪拌装置及び前記回転ツールのうち前記回転ツールの前記攪拌ピンのみを前記金属部材に接触させた状態で摩擦攪拌接合を行う本接合工程と、を含み、前記本接合工程では、前記金属部材の表面側から摩擦攪拌接合を行う第一の本接合工程と、前記金属部材の裏面側から摩擦攪拌接合を行う第二の本接合工程と、を行い、前記第一の本接合工程で形成された塑性化領域と前記第二の本接合工程で形成された塑性化領域とを接触させ、前記仮接合工程で用いる仮接合用回転ツールは、ショルダ部と、攪拌ピンとで構成されており、前記ショルダ部は、円柱状を呈し、前記摩擦攪拌装置の回転軸に連結される部位であるとともに、塑性流動化した金属を押さえる部位であり、前記仮接合工程では、前記ショルダ部の下端面を前記金属部材同士の表面に押し込みながら前記仮接合用回転ツールを相対移動させることを特徴とする。 The present invention also relates to a friction stir welding method in which two metal members are joined using a rotary tool that includes a stirring pin and is connected to a rotating shaft of a friction stirrer. A temporary joining step for joining, and inserting the agitating pin that has been rotated into the abutting portion, and friction in a state where only the agitating pin of the rotating tool among the friction agitating device and the rotating tool is in contact with the metal member A main joining step for performing stir welding, and in the main joining step, a first main joining step for performing friction stir welding from the front side of the metal member and a friction stir welding from the back side of the metal member. A second main joining step, contacting the plasticized region formed in the first main joining step with the plasticizing region formed in the second main joining step, and in the temporary joining step The rotary tool for temporary bonding used is The shoulder portion is composed of a stirring pin, and the shoulder portion has a columnar shape and is a portion that is connected to the rotation shaft of the friction stirrer and is a portion that holds the plastic fluidized metal, In the temporary bonding step, the temporary bonding rotary tool is relatively moved while pushing the lower end surface of the shoulder portion into the surfaces of the metal members.
かかる方法によれば、金属部材に接触させる部分を攪拌ピンのみにすることで、ショルダを金属部材に押し付ける従来の摩擦攪拌接合方法に比べて金属部材と回転ツールとの摩擦を軽減することができ、摩擦攪拌装置にかかる負荷を小さくすることができる。すなわち、本発明によれば、金属部材の深い位置まで攪拌ピンを挿入することができるようになるため、板厚の大きい金属部材であっても深い位置まで接合することができる。また、突合部の厚さ方向の全長に対して摩擦攪拌接合することができるため、気密性及び水密性を高めることができる。また、仮接合工程を行うことで、本接合工程を行う際に金属部材同士が離間するのを防ぐことができる。 According to such a method, the friction between the metal member and the rotating tool can be reduced compared to the conventional friction stir welding method in which the shoulder is pressed against the metal member by making only the stirring pin the portion to be brought into contact with the metal member. The load applied to the friction stirrer can be reduced. That is, according to the present invention, since the stirring pin can be inserted to a deep position of the metal member, even a metal member having a large plate thickness can be joined to a deep position. Moreover, since friction stir welding can be performed with respect to the entire length of the abutting portion in the thickness direction, airtightness and watertightness can be improved. Moreover, by performing a temporary joining process, when performing a main joining process, it can prevent that metal members separate.
また、前記本接合工程で形成された塑性化領域の上に肉盛溶接を行うことが好ましい。かかる方法によれば、本接合工程による金属の不足分を補充することができる。 Further, it is preferable to perform overlay welding on the plasticized region formed in the main joining step. According to this method, the metal shortage due to the main joining step can be supplemented.
また、前記本接合工程で形成された塑性化領域の上に補助部材を配置する配置工程と、前記金属部材と前記補助部材とを接合する補助部材接合工程と、を行うことが好ましい。かかる方法によれば、本接合工程による金属の不足分を補充することができる。 Moreover, it is preferable to perform the arrangement | positioning process which arrange | positions an auxiliary member on the plasticization area | region formed at the said main joining process, and the auxiliary member joining process of joining the said metal member and the said auxiliary member. According to this method, the metal shortage due to the main joining step can be supplemented.
また、前記突合部の脇にタブ材を配置し前記タブ材に下穴を設けた後、前記下穴に前記回転ツールの攪拌ピンを挿入して前記本接合工程を行うことが好ましい。かかる方法によれば、回転ツールを金属部材に押し込む際の圧入抵抗を小さくすることができる。 Moreover, it is preferable to perform the said main joining process by inserting the stirring pin of the said rotation tool in the said prepared hole, after arrange | positioning the tab material on the side of the said abutting part and providing the prepared hole in the said tab material. According to this method, it is possible to reduce the press-fit resistance when the rotary tool is pushed into the metal member.
本発明に係る摩擦攪拌接合方法によれば、摩擦攪拌装置にかかる負荷を小さくすることで、突合部の深い部分まで接合することができる。 According to the friction stir welding method according to the present invention, it is possible to join a deep portion of the abutting portion by reducing the load applied to the friction stirrer.
本発明の実施形態について、図面を参照して詳細に説明する。まずは、本実施形態で用いる本接合用回転ツール及び仮接合用回転ツールについて説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. First, the main joining rotary tool and the temporary joining rotary tool used in the present embodiment will be described.
本接合用回転ツールFは、図1の(a)に示すように、連結部F1と、攪拌ピンF2とで構成されている。本接合用回転ツールFは、例えば工具鋼で形成されている。連結部F1は、図1の(b)に示す摩擦攪拌装置の回転軸Dに連結される部位である。連結部F1は円柱状を呈し、ボルトが締結されるネジ孔B,Bが形成されている。 As shown in FIG. 1A, the main joining rotary tool F is composed of a connecting portion F1 and a stirring pin F2. The main rotating tool F for joining is formed of, for example, tool steel. The connection part F1 is a part connected to the rotating shaft D of the friction stirrer shown in FIG. The connecting portion F1 has a cylindrical shape, and is formed with screw holes B and B to which bolts are fastened.
攪拌ピンF2は、連結部F1から垂下しており、連結部F1と同軸になっている。攪拌ピンF2は連結部F1から離間するにつれて先細りになっている。攪拌ピンF2の外周面には螺旋溝F3が刻設されている。 The stirring pin F2 hangs down from the connecting portion F1 and is coaxial with the connecting portion F1. The stirring pin F2 is tapered as it is separated from the connecting portion F1. A spiral groove F3 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin F2.
図1の(b)に示すように、本接合用回転ツールFを用いて摩擦攪拌接合をする際には、金属部材1に回転した攪拌ピンF2のみを挿入し、金属部材1と連結部F1とは離間させつつ移動させる。言い換えると、攪拌ピンF2の基端部は露出させた状態で摩擦攪拌接合を行う。本接合用回転ツールFの移動軌跡には摩擦攪拌された金属が硬化することにより塑性化領域Wが形成される。 As shown in FIG. 1B, when the friction stir welding is performed using the main rotating tool F, only the rotated stirring pin F2 is inserted into the metal member 1, and the metal member 1 and the connecting portion F1 are inserted. And move it apart. In other words, the friction stir welding is performed with the base end portion of the stirring pin F2 exposed. A plasticized region W is formed in the movement locus of the main rotating tool F for bonding by hardening the friction-stirred metal.
仮接合用回転ツールGは、図2の(a)に示すように、ショルダ部G1と、攪拌ピンG2とで構成されている。仮接合用回転ツールGは、例えば工具鋼で形成されている。ショルダ部G1は、図2の(b)に示すように、摩擦攪拌装置の回転軸Dに連結される部位であるとともに、塑性流動化した金属を押える部位である。ショルダ部G1は円柱状を呈する。ショルダ部G1の下端面は、流動化した金属が外部へ流出するのを防ぐために凹状になっている。 As shown in FIG. 2A, the temporary bonding rotary tool G includes a shoulder portion G1 and a stirring pin G2. The temporary joining rotary tool G is made of, for example, tool steel. As shown in FIG. 2B, the shoulder portion G1 is a portion that is connected to the rotating shaft D of the friction stirrer and is a portion that holds the plastic fluidized metal. The shoulder portion G1 has a cylindrical shape. The lower end surface of the shoulder portion G1 has a concave shape in order to prevent the fluidized metal from flowing out.
攪拌ピンG2は、ショルダ部G1から垂下しており、ショルダ部G1と同軸になっている。攪拌ピンG2はショルダ部G1から離間するにつれて先細りになっている。攪拌ピンG2の外周面には螺旋溝G3が刻設されている。 The stirring pin G2 is suspended from the shoulder portion G1, and is coaxial with the shoulder portion G1. The stirring pin G2 is tapered as it is separated from the shoulder portion G1. A spiral groove G3 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin G2.
図2の(b)に示すように、仮接合用回転ツールGを用いて摩擦攪拌接合をする際には、回転した攪拌ピンG2とショルダ部G1の下端を金属部材1に挿入しつつ移動させる。仮接合用回転ツールGの移動軌跡には摩擦攪拌された金属が硬化することにより塑性化領域wが形成される。 As shown in FIG. 2B, when friction stir welding is performed using the temporary welding rotating tool G, the rotated stirring pin G2 and the lower end of the shoulder portion G1 are inserted into the metal member 1 and moved. . A plasticized region w is formed in the movement locus of the temporary bonding rotary tool G by hardening the friction-stirred metal.
次に、本実施形態の具体的な摩擦攪拌接合方法について説明する。本実施形態では、(1)準備工程、(2)第一の予備工程、(3)第一の本接合工程、(4)第一の補修工程、(5)第二の予備工程、(7)第二の本接合工程、(8)第二の補修工程を含んでいる。なお、第一の予備工程、第一の本接合工程及び第一の補修工程は、金属部材1の表面側から実行される工程であり、第二の予備工程、第二の本接合工程及び第二の補修工程は、金属部材1の裏面側から実行される工程である。 Next, a specific friction stir welding method of this embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, (1) preparation step, (2) first preliminary step, (3) first main joining step, (4) first repair step, (5) second preliminary step, (7 2) a second main joining step and (8) a second repairing step. The first preliminary process, the first main joining process, and the first repair process are executed from the surface side of the metal member 1, and the second preliminary process, the second main joining process, and the first repair process are performed. The second repair process is a process executed from the back side of the metal member 1.
(1)準備工程
図3を参照して準備工程を説明する。本実施形態に係る準備工程は、接合すべき金属部材1,1を突き合せる突合工程と、金属部材1,1の突合部J1の両側に第一タブ材2と第二タブ材3を配置するタブ材配置工程と、第一タブ材2と第二タブ材3を溶接により金属部材1,1に仮接合する溶接工程とを具備している。
(1) Preparation process
The preparation process will be described with reference to FIG. In the preparatory process according to the present embodiment, the first tab member 2 and the second tab member 3 are disposed on both sides of the butting portion J1 of the metal members 1 and 1, the butting step of butting the metal members 1 and 1 to be joined. A tab material arranging step and a welding step of temporarily joining the first tab material 2 and the second tab material 3 to the metal members 1 and 1 by welding.
突合工程では、接合すべき金属部材1,1をL字状に配置し、一方の金属部材1の側面に他方の金属部材1の側面を密着させる。金属部材1は、摩擦攪拌可能な金属であればよいが、本実施形態ではアルミニウム合金を用いる。 In the abutting step, the metal members 1 and 1 to be joined are arranged in an L shape, and the side surface of the other metal member 1 is brought into close contact with the side surface of the one metal member 1. Although the metal member 1 should just be a metal which can be friction-stirred, in this embodiment, an aluminum alloy is used.
タブ材配置工程では、金属部材1,1の突合部J1の一端側(外側)に第一タブ材2を
配置して第一タブ材2の当接面21(図3の(b)参照)を金属部材1,1の外側の側面に当接させるとともに、突合部J1の他端側に第二タブ材3を配置して第二タブ材3の当接面31,31(図3の(b)参照)を金属部材1,1の内側の側面に当接させる。なお、金属部材1,1をL字状に組み合わせた場合には、第一タブ材2及び第二タブ材3の一方(本実施形態では第二タブ材3)を、金属部材1,1により形成された入隅部(金属部材1,1の内側の側面により形成された角部)に配置する。
In the tab material arranging step, the first tab material 2 is arranged on one end side (outside) of the abutting portion J1 of the metal members 1 and 1, and the contact surface 21 of the first tab material 2 (see FIG. 3B). Is brought into contact with the outer side surfaces of the metal members 1 and 1, and the second tab member 3 is disposed on the other end side of the abutting portion J1 so that the contact surfaces 31 and 31 of the second tab member 3 (in FIG. b) is brought into contact with the inner side surfaces of the metal members 1, 1. When the metal members 1 and 1 are combined in an L shape, one of the first tab material 2 and the second tab material 3 (the second tab material 3 in the present embodiment) is used by the metal members 1 and 1. It arrange | positions in the formed corner part (corner part formed by the inner side surface of the metal members 1 and 1).
溶接工程では、金属部材1と第一タブ材2とにより形成された入隅部2a,2aを溶接して金属部材1と第一タブ材2とを接合し、金属部材1と第二タブ材3とにより形成された入隅部3a,3aを溶接して金属部材1と第二タブ材3とを接合する。 In the welding process, the corners 2a, 2a formed by the metal member 1 and the first tab material 2 are welded to join the metal member 1 and the first tab material 2, and the metal member 1 and the second tab material. The metal corners 1 a and the second tab member 3 are joined by welding the corners 3 a and 3 a formed by 3.
準備工程が終了したら、金属部材1,1、第一タブ材2及び第二タブ材3を図示せぬ摩擦攪拌装置の架台に載置し、クランプ等の図示せぬ治具を用いて移動不能に拘束する。 When the preparation process is completed, the metal members 1, 1, the first tab material 2 and the second tab material 3 are placed on a frame of a friction stirrer (not shown) and cannot be moved using a jig (not shown) such as a clamp. To be restrained.
(2)第一の予備工程
第一の予備工程は、金属部材1,1と第一タブ材2との突合部J2を接合する第一タブ材接合工程と、金属部材1,1の突合部J1を仮接合する仮接合工程と、金属部材1,1と第二タブ材3との突合部J3を接合する第二タブ材接合工程と、第一の本接合工程における摩擦攪拌の開始位置に下穴を形成する下穴形成工程とを具備している。
(2) First preliminary process
The first preliminary process includes a first tab material joining step for joining the abutting portion J2 between the metal members 1, 1 and the first tab material 2, and a temporary joining step for temporarily joining the abutting portion J1 of the metal members 1, 1. And a second tab material joining step for joining the butted portion J3 of the metal members 1, 1 and the second tab material 3, and a pilot hole formation for forming a pilot hole at the friction stirring start position in the first main joining step Process.
図4の(a)及び(b)に示すように、一の仮接合用回転ツールGを一筆書きの移動軌跡(ビード)を形成するように移動させて、突合部J1,J2,J3に対して連続して摩擦攪拌を行う。 As shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), one temporary joining rotary tool G is moved so as to form a one-stroke movement trajectory (bead), and the butt portions J1, J2, J3 are moved. Then, friction stir is performed continuously.
まず、仮接合用回転ツールGの攪拌ピンG2を左回転させながら第一タブ材2の適所に設けた開始位置SPに挿入して摩擦攪拌を開始し、仮接合用回転ツールGを第一タブ材接合工程の始点s2に向けて相対移動させる。 First, the stirring pin G2 of the rotary tool G for temporary joining is rotated counterclockwise and inserted into a start position SP provided at an appropriate position of the first tab member 2 to start frictional stirring. The relative movement is made toward the starting point s2 of the material joining step.
仮接合用回転ツールGを相対移動させて第一タブ材接合工程の始点s2まで連続して摩擦攪拌を行ったら、始点s2で仮接合用回転ツールGを離脱させることなくそのまま第一タブ材接合工程に移行する。 When the frictional stirring is continuously performed up to the starting point s2 of the first tab material joining step by relatively moving the temporary joining rotary tool G, the first tab material joining is performed without removing the temporary joining rotary tool G at the starting point s2. Move to the process.
第一タブ材接合工程では、第一タブ材2と金属部材1,1との突合部J2に対して摩擦攪拌を行う。具体的には、金属部材1,1と第一タブ材2との継ぎ目上に摩擦攪拌のルートを設定し、当該ルートに沿って仮接合用回転ツールGを相対移動させることで、突合部J2に対して摩擦攪拌を行う。本実施形態では、仮接合用回転ツールGを途中で離脱させることなく第一タブ材接合工程の始点s2から終点e2まで連続して摩擦攪拌を行う。 In the first tab material joining step, friction agitation is performed on the abutting portion J2 between the first tab material 2 and the metal members 1 and 1. Specifically, a friction stir route is set on the joint between the metal members 1, 1 and the first tab member 2, and the temporary joining rotary tool G is relatively moved along the route, whereby the abutting portion J 2. Friction agitation is performed. In the present embodiment, the friction stir is continuously performed from the start point s2 to the end point e2 of the first tab member joining step without causing the temporary joining rotary tool G to be detached.
なお、仮接合用回転ツールGを左回転させた場合には、進行方向の右側に微細な接合欠陥が発生する虞があるので、仮接合用回転ツールGの進行方向の左側に金属部材1,1が位置するように第一タブ材接合工程の始点s2と終点e2の位置を設定することが望ましい。このようにすると、金属部材1側に接合欠陥が発生し難くなるので、高品質の接合体を得ることが可能となる。 In addition, when the rotating tool G for temporary joining is rotated to the left, there is a possibility that a fine joining defect may occur on the right side in the traveling direction. It is desirable to set the positions of the start point s2 and the end point e2 of the first tab material joining step so that 1 is located. If it does in this way, since it becomes difficult to generate | occur | produce a joining defect on the metal member 1 side, it becomes possible to obtain a high quality joined body.
仮接合用回転ツールGが第一タブ材接合工程の終点e2に達したら、終点e2で摩擦攪拌を終了させずに仮接合工程の始点s1まで連続して摩擦攪拌を行い、そのまま仮接合工程に移行する。なお、本実施形態では、第一タブ材接合工程の終点e2から仮接合工程の始点s1に至る摩擦攪拌のルートを第一タブ材2に設定している。 When the rotary tool G for temporary joining reaches the end point e2 of the first tab material joining step, the friction stir is continuously performed to the start point s1 of the temporary joining step without ending the friction stirring at the end point e2, and the temporary joining step is performed as it is. Transition. In the present embodiment, the friction stir route from the end point e2 of the first tab material joining process to the start point s1 of the temporary joining process is set to the first tab material 2.
仮接合工程では、金属部材1,1の突合部J1に対して摩擦攪拌を行う。具体的には、金属部材1,1の継ぎ目上に摩擦攪拌のルートを設定し、当該ルートに沿って仮接合用回転ツールGを相対移動させることで、突合部J1に対して摩擦攪拌を行う。本実施形態では、仮接合用回転ツールGを途中で離脱させることなく仮接合工程の始点s1から終点e1まで連続して摩擦攪拌を行う。 In the temporary joining step, friction stirring is performed on the abutting portion J1 of the metal members 1 and 1. Specifically, a friction stir route is set on the joint between the metal members 1 and 1, and the temporary joining rotary tool G is relatively moved along the route, whereby the stir portion J1 is friction stir. . In the present embodiment, the friction stir is continuously performed from the start point s1 to the end point e1 of the temporary joining step without causing the temporary joining rotary tool G to be detached on the way.
仮接合用回転ツールGが仮接合工程の終点e1に達したら、そのまま第二タブ材接合工程に移行する。すなわち、第二タブ材接合工程の始点s3でもある仮接合工程の終点e1で仮接合用回転ツールGを離脱させることなく第二タブ材接合工程に移行する。 When the temporary joining rotary tool G reaches the end point e1 of the temporary joining process, the process proceeds to the second tab material joining process as it is. That is, the process proceeds to the second tab material joining step without detaching the temporary joining rotary tool G at the end point e1 of the temporary joining step which is also the starting point s3 of the second tab material joining step.
第二タブ材接合工程では、金属部材1,1と第二タブ材3との突合部J3,J3に対して摩擦攪拌を行う。本実施形態では、第二タブ材接合工程の始点s3が、突合部J3,J3の中間に位置しているので、第二タブ材接合工程の始点s3から終点e3に至る摩擦攪拌のルートに折返し点m3を設け、仮接合用回転ツールGを始点s3から折返し点m3に移動させた後に(図4の(a)参照)、仮接合用回転ツールGを折返し点m3から終点e3に移動させることで(図4の(b)参照)、第二タブ材接合工程の始点s3から終点e3まで連続して摩擦攪拌を行う。すなわち、仮接合用回転ツールGを始点s3〜折返し点m3間で往復させた後に、仮接合用回転ツールGを終点e3まで移動させることで、第二タブ材接合工程の始点s3から終点e3まで連続して摩擦攪拌を行う。なお、始点s3から折返し点m3に至る摩擦攪拌のルート及び折返し点m3から終点e3に至る摩擦攪拌のルートは、それぞれ、金属部材1と第二タブ材3との継ぎ目上に設定する。 In the second tab material joining step, friction stirring is performed on the abutting portions J3 and J3 between the metal members 1 and 1 and the second tab material 3. In the present embodiment, since the start point s3 of the second tab material joining step is located in the middle of the abutting portions J3 and J3, it is turned back to the friction stir route from the start point s3 to the end point e3 of the second tab material joining step. After providing the point m3 and moving the temporary welding rotary tool G from the start point s3 to the turning point m3 (see FIG. 4A), the temporary joining rotary tool G is moved from the turning point m3 to the end point e3. (See FIG. 4B), the friction stir is continuously performed from the start point s3 to the end point e3 of the second tab material joining step. That is, after revolving the temporary joining rotary tool G between the start point s3 and the turning point m3, the temporary joining rotary tool G is moved from the end point e3 to the end point e3 from the start point s3 to the end point e3. Friction stirring is performed continuously. The route of friction stirring from the start point s3 to the turning point m3 and the route of friction stirring from the turning point m3 to the end point e3 are set on the joint between the metal member 1 and the second tab member 3, respectively.
始点s3、折返し点m3及び終点e3の位置関係に特に制限はないが、本実施形の如く仮接合用回転ツールGを左回転させている場合には、少なくとも折返し点m3から終点e3に至る摩擦攪拌のルートにおいて仮接合用回転ツールGの進行方向の左側に金属部材1,1が位置するように、第二タブ材接合工程の始点s3、折返し点m3及び終点e3の位置を設定することが望ましい。この場合、始点s3〜折返し点m3間においては、往路においても復路においても金属部材1と第二タブ材3との継ぎ目上に摩擦攪拌のルートを設定し、当該ルートに沿って仮接合用本接合用回転ツールを移動させることが望ましい。このようにすると、始点s3から折返し点m3に至るまでの間に、仮接合用回転ツールGの進行方向の右側に金属部材1が位置し、金属部材1側に接合欠陥が発生したとしても、その後に行われる折返し点m3から終点e3に至る摩擦攪拌において仮接合用回転ツールGの進行方向の左側に金属部材1が位置することになるので、前記した接合欠陥が是正され、高品質の接合体を得ることが可能となる。 The positional relationship among the start point s3, the turning point m3, and the end point e3 is not particularly limited. However, when the temporary joining rotary tool G is rotated counterclockwise as in this embodiment, at least friction from the turning point m3 to the end point e3. The positions of the start point s3, the turning point m3, and the end point e3 of the second tab material joining step may be set so that the metal members 1 and 1 are located on the left side in the traveling direction of the temporary joining rotary tool G in the stirring route. desirable. In this case, between the starting point s3 and the turning point m3, a route for friction stirring is set on the joint between the metal member 1 and the second tab member 3 both in the forward path and in the return path, and the temporary joining book is set along the route. It is desirable to move the rotating tool for joining. In this way, even if the metal member 1 is positioned on the right side in the traveling direction of the temporary bonding rotary tool G between the start point s3 and the turning point m3, and a bonding defect occurs on the metal member 1 side, In the subsequent frictional stirring from the turning point m3 to the end point e3, the metal member 1 is located on the left side in the direction of travel of the temporary joining rotary tool G, so that the above-described joining defects are corrected and high-quality joining is achieved. The body can be obtained.
ちなみに、仮接合用回転ツールGを右回転させた場合には、折返し点から終点に至る摩擦攪拌のルートにおいて仮接合用回転ツールGの進行方向の右側に金属部材1,1が位置するように、第二タブ材接合工程の始点、折返し点及び終点の位置を設定することが望ましい。具体的には、図示は省略するが、仮接合用回転ツールGを左回転させた場合の終点e3の位置に折返しを設け、仮接合用回転ツールGを左回転させた場合の折返し点m3の位置に終点を設ければよい。 By the way, when the temporary joining rotary tool G is rotated to the right, the metal members 1 and 1 are positioned on the right side in the traveling direction of the temporary joining rotary tool G in the friction stir route from the turning point to the end point. It is desirable to set the position of the start point, the turning point, and the end point of the second tab material joining step. Specifically, although illustration is omitted, a turn is provided at the position of the end point e3 when the temporary joining rotary tool G is rotated counterclockwise, and the turning point m3 when the temporary joining rotary tool G is rotated counterclockwise is provided. An end point may be provided at the position.
図4の(b)に示すように、仮接合用回転ツールGが第二タブ材接合工程の終点e3に達したら、終点e3で摩擦攪拌を終了させずに、第二タブ材3に設けた終了位置EPまで連続して摩擦攪拌を行う。仮接合用回転ツールGが終了位置EPに達したら、仮接合用回転ツールGを回転させつつ上昇させて攪拌ピンG2を終了位置EPから離脱させる。 As shown in FIG. 4B, when the temporary joining rotary tool G reaches the end point e3 of the second tab material joining step, the friction stir is not finished at the end point e3, and the second tab material 3 is provided. Friction stirring is continuously performed up to the end position EP. When the temporary joining rotary tool G reaches the end position EP, the temporary joining rotary tool G is raised while rotating, and the stirring pin G2 is separated from the end position EP.
続いて、下穴形成工程を実行する。下穴形成工程は、第一の本接合工程における摩擦攪拌の開始位置に下穴を形成する工程である。新たに下穴を形成してもよいが、本実施形態では、仮接合用回転ツールGの攪拌ピンG2を離脱させたときに形成される抜き穴を、ドリル等で拡径して下穴を形成する。このようにすると、下穴の加工作業を省略あるいは簡略化することが可能となるので、作業時間を短縮することが可能となる。なお、前記した抜き穴をそのまま下穴として利用してもよい。 Then, a pilot hole formation process is performed. The pilot hole forming step is a step of forming a pilot hole at the friction stirring start position in the first main joining step. Although a pilot hole may be newly formed, in this embodiment, the diameter of the punched hole formed when the stirring pin G2 of the rotary tool G for temporary bonding is removed is increased by a drill or the like to form the pilot hole. Form. In this way, it is possible to omit or simplify the work for preparing the pilot hole, so that the work time can be shortened. In addition, you may utilize the above-mentioned punch hole as a pilot hole as it is.
(3)第一の本接合工程
第一の予備工程が終了したら、金属部材1,1の突合部J1を本格的に接合する第一の本接合工程を実行する。本実施形態に係る第一の本接合工程では、図1の(a)に示す本接合用回転ツールFを使用し、仮接合された状態の突合部J1に対して金属部材1の表面側から摩擦攪拌を行う。
(3) 1st main joining process When the 1st preliminary process is completed, the 1st main joining process which joins the butt | matching part J1 of the metal members 1 and 1 in earnest is performed. In the first main joining step according to the present embodiment, the main joining rotating tool F shown in FIG. 1A is used, and the front side of the metal member 1 with respect to the abutting portion J1 in a temporarily joined state. Friction stirring is performed.
第一の本接合工程では、まず、図5に示すように、本接合用回転ツールFを右回転させつつ攪拌ピンF2を開始位置SM1(すなわち、図4の(b)に示す終了位置EP)に挿入し、摩擦攪拌を開始する。 In the first main joining step, first, as shown in FIG. 5, the stirring pin F2 is moved to the start position SM1 while rotating the main welding rotating tool F to the right (that is, the end position EP shown in FIG. 4B). And start friction stir.
金属部材1,1の突合部J1の一端まで摩擦攪拌を行ったら、そのまま本接合用回転ツールFを突合部J1に突入させ、金属部材1,1の継ぎ目上に設定された摩擦攪拌のルートに沿って本接合用回転ツールFを相対移動させることで、突合部J1の一端から他端まで連続して摩擦攪拌を行う。ここでは、図1の(b)を参照するように、本接合用回転ツールFの連結部F1と金属部材1とを離間させて、攪拌ピンF2のみを突合部J1に挿入する。図5の(b)に示すように、突合部J1の他端まで本接合用回転ツールFを相対移動させたら、摩擦攪拌を行いながら突合部J2を横切らせ、そのまま終了位置EM1に向けて相対移動させる。 After friction stir to one end of the abutting portion J1 of the metal members 1 and 1, the rotation tool F for main joining is directly plunged into the abutting portion J1, and the friction stir route set on the joint of the metal members 1 and 1 is entered. A frictional stirring is continuously performed from one end to the other end of the abutting portion J1 by relatively moving the main rotating tool F for welding. Here, as shown in FIG. 1B, the connecting portion F1 of the main rotating tool F and the metal member 1 are separated from each other, and only the stirring pin F2 is inserted into the abutting portion J1. As shown in FIG. 5 (b), when the main rotating tool F is moved relative to the other end of the abutting portion J1, the abutting portion J2 is moved across the abutting portion EM1 while performing frictional stirring. Move.
本接合用回転ツールFが終了位置EM1に達したら、本接合用回転ツールFを回転させながら上昇させて攪拌ピンF2を終了位置EM1から離脱させる。なお、終了位置EM1において攪拌ピンF2を上方に離脱させると、攪拌ピンF2と略同形の抜き穴が不可避的に形成されることになるが、本実施形態では、そのまま残置する。 When the main welding rotary tool F reaches the end position EM1, the main welding rotary tool F is raised while rotating to disengage the stirring pin F2 from the end position EM1. Note that if the stirring pin F2 is separated upward at the end position EM1, a punch hole having substantially the same shape as the stirring pin F2 is inevitably formed, but in this embodiment, it is left as it is.
(4)第一の補修工程
第一の本接合工程が終了したら、第一の本接合工程により金属部材1に形成された塑性化領域W1に対して第一の補修工程を実行する。本実施形態に係る第一の補修工程では、図6及び図7に示すように、凹溝Mを形成する凹溝形成工程と、凹溝Mに補助部材4を配置する配置工程と、金属部材1と補助部材4とを接合する補助部材接合工程とを実行する。
(4) First repair process
When the first main joining step is completed, the first repairing step is performed on the plasticized region W1 formed on the metal member 1 by the first main joining step. In the first repair process according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a groove forming process for forming the groove M, a disposing process for arranging the auxiliary member 4 in the groove M, and a metal member. An auxiliary member joining step for joining 1 and the auxiliary member 4 is performed.
凹溝形成工程では、図6に示すように、本接合用回転ツールFの移動に伴って形成された塑性化領域W1の表面に凹溝Mを形成する。凹溝形成工程では、例えばエンドミル等を用いてバリや塑性化領域W1の表面を切削して、断面視矩形の凹溝Mを形成する。 In the concave groove forming step, as shown in FIG. 6, the concave groove M is formed on the surface of the plasticized region W <b> 1 formed along with the movement of the main welding rotary tool F. In the concave groove forming step, for example, the surface of the burr or plasticized region W1 is cut using an end mill or the like to form a concave groove M having a rectangular cross-sectional view.
配置工程では、凹溝Mに補助部材4を配置する。補助部材4は、金属部材1と同等の材料からなる金属板である。補助部材4は、凹溝Mと同等の形状を呈する。補助部材4の厚さは、凹溝Mの深さと略同等になっている。 In the arranging step, the auxiliary member 4 is arranged in the concave groove M. The auxiliary member 4 is a metal plate made of the same material as the metal member 1. The auxiliary member 4 has the same shape as the concave groove M. The thickness of the auxiliary member 4 is substantially equal to the depth of the concave groove M.
補助部材接合工程では、図7の(a)に示すように、補助部材4と金属部材1、第一タブ材2及び第二タブ材3との突き合わせ部分である突合部J4に対して摩擦攪拌接合を行う。具体的には、回転した仮接合用回転ツールGを第二タブ材3に設定した開始位置SH1に挿入し、突合部J4に沿って一周させて終了位置EH1まで移動させる。図7の(b)に示すように、補助部材接合工程では、ショルダ部G1を金属部材1の表面12に押し込みながら仮接合用回転ツールGを移動させる。また、仮接合用回転ツールGの攪拌ピンG2は補助部材4の厚みよりも長く設定されている。 In the auxiliary member joining step, as shown in FIG. 7A, friction stir is applied to the abutting portion J4, which is the abutting portion of the auxiliary member 4, the metal member 1, the first tab material 2, and the second tab material 3. Join. Specifically, the rotated rotary tool G for temporary joining is inserted into the start position SH1 set on the second tab member 3, and moved around the abutting portion J4 to the end position EH1. As shown in FIG. 7B, in the auxiliary member joining step, the temporary joining rotary tool G is moved while pushing the shoulder portion G <b> 1 into the surface 12 of the metal member 1. Further, the stirring pin G2 of the temporary bonding rotary tool G is set longer than the thickness of the auxiliary member 4.
図8に示すように、仮接合用回転ツールGを一周させて、補助部材4に対して二条の塑性化領域w2が形成されると、補助部材4は全て塑性化領域w2,w2で覆われる。また、塑性化領域W1と塑性化領域w2とが重複するため、より気密性及び水密性を高めることができる。 As shown in FIG. 8, when the two-stage plasticized region w <b> 2 is formed with respect to the auxiliary member 4 by rotating the temporary joining rotary tool G, the auxiliary member 4 is entirely covered with the plasticized regions w <b> 2 and w <b> 2. . Moreover, since the plasticization area | region W1 and the plasticization area | region w2 overlap, airtightness and watertightness can be improved more.
第一の本接合工程後、金属部材1の表面12と塑性化領域W1の表面との段差が大きい場合には、凹溝形成工程は省略してもよい。また、補助部材接合工程では、金属部材1と補助部材4とを溶接で接合してもよい。 When the step between the surface 12 of the metal member 1 and the surface of the plasticized region W1 is large after the first main joining step, the groove forming step may be omitted. In the auxiliary member joining step, the metal member 1 and the auxiliary member 4 may be joined by welding.
(5)第二の予備工程
第一の本接合工程を終えたら金属部材1,1を裏返し、第二の予備工程を実行する。本実施形態に係る第二の予備工程は、第二の本接合工程における摩擦攪拌の開始位置に下穴(図示略)を形成する下穴形成工程を具備している。なお、第二の予備工程では、金属部材1,1の裏面13側から突合部J1に対して仮接合を行ってもよい。
(5) Second preliminary process
When the first main joining process is completed, the metal members 1 and 1 are turned over, and the second preliminary process is executed. The second preliminary process according to the present embodiment includes a pilot hole forming process of forming a pilot hole (not shown) at the friction stirring start position in the second main joining process. In the second preliminary process, temporary joining may be performed on the abutting portion J1 from the back surface 13 side of the metal members 1 and 1.
(6)第二の本接合工程
第二の予備工程が終了したら、図9の(a)に示すように、本接合用回転ツールFを使用して、突合部J1に対して金属部材1の裏面13側から摩擦攪拌接合を行う第二の本接合工程を実行する。第二の本接合工程は、第一の本接合工程と略同等の作業を裏面13側から行う。第二の本接合工程においても、本接合用回転ツールFの連結部F1と金属部材1とは離間させつつ、攪拌ピンF2のみを金属部材1に挿入する。突合部J1に対して摩擦攪拌接合を行う際には、第一の本接合工程で形成された塑性化領域W1に本接合用回転ツールFの攪拌ピンF2を入り込ませつつ摩擦攪拌を行う。
(6) Second Main Joining Step When the second preliminary step is completed, as shown in FIG. 9 (a), the rotating tool F for main joining is used to connect the metal member 1 to the abutting portion J1. A second main joining process is performed in which friction stir welding is performed from the back surface 13 side. In the second main joining step, work substantially equivalent to the first main joining step is performed from the back surface 13 side. Also in the second main joining step, only the stirring pin F2 is inserted into the metal member 1 while the connecting portion F1 of the main welding rotary tool F and the metal member 1 are separated from each other. When the friction stir welding is performed on the abutting portion J1, the friction stir is performed while the stirring pin F2 of the main welding rotating tool F is inserted into the plasticizing region W1 formed in the first main joining step.
(7)第二の補修工程
第二の本接合工程が終了したら、第二の本接合工程により金属部材1に形成された塑性化領域W2に対して第二の補修工程を実行する。第二の補修工程は、第一の補修工程と略同等の作業を裏面13側から行う。図9の(b)に示すように、第二の補修工程を行うと、二条の塑性化領域w3によって補助部材4の全体が覆われる。最後に、第一タブ材2及び第二タブ材3を金属部材1,1から切断する。
(7) Second repair process
When the second main joining step is completed, the second repairing step is performed on the plasticized region W2 formed in the metal member 1 by the second main joining step. In the second repair process, work substantially equivalent to the first repair process is performed from the back surface 13 side. As shown in FIG. 9B, when the second repair process is performed, the entire auxiliary member 4 is covered with the two plasticized regions w3. Finally, the first tab material 2 and the second tab material 3 are cut from the metal members 1 and 1.
以上説明した摩擦攪拌接合によれば、摩擦攪拌接合を行う際に、金属部材1,1に接触させる部分を本接合用回転ツールFの攪拌ピンF2のみにすることで、従来に比べて金属部材1,1と本接合用回転ツールFとの摩擦を軽減することができ、摩擦攪拌装置にかかる負荷を小さくすることができる。摩擦攪拌装置にかかる負荷が小さくなるため、金属部材1,1の深い位置まで攪拌ピンF2を挿入することができる。 According to the friction stir welding described above, when the friction stir welding is performed, the portion to be brought into contact with the metal members 1 and 1 is only the stirring pin F2 of the rotating tool F for main joining, so that the metal member can be compared with the conventional one. 1 and 1 and the main rotating tool F can be reduced, and the load applied to the friction stirrer can be reduced. Since the load applied to the friction stirrer is reduced, the stirring pin F2 can be inserted to a deep position of the metal members 1 and 1.
また、第一の本接合工程で形成された塑性化領域W1と第二の本接合工程で形成された塑性化領域W2とを接触させることで、突合部J1の厚さ方向の全長に対して摩擦攪拌接合することができるため、気密性及び水密性を高めることができる。また、本実施形態では、第二の本接合工程を行う際に、塑性化領域W1に攪拌ピンF2を接触させつつ摩擦攪拌接合を行うため、仮に塑性化領域W1に接合欠陥があったとしても当該接合欠陥を補修することができる。 In addition, by bringing the plasticized region W1 formed in the first main joining step into contact with the plasticized region W2 formed in the second main joining step, the total length in the thickness direction of the abutting portion J1 is obtained. Since friction stir welding can be performed, airtightness and watertightness can be improved. Further, in the present embodiment, when performing the second main joining process, since the friction stir welding is performed while the stirring pin F2 is in contact with the plasticizing region W1, even if there is a joint defect in the plasticizing region W1. The junction defect can be repaired.
また、第一の本接合工程及び第二の本接合工程によって、金属部材1の表面12又は裏面13に段差が形成されたとしても、補修工程を行うことで金属部材1の表面12又は裏面13を平坦にすることができる。また、補助部材接合工程では、少なくとも金属部材1と補助部材4とが接合すればよいが、本実施形態のように補助部材4の全体を摩擦攪拌接合することで、補助部材4が塑性化領域w2,w3で覆われてより気密性及び水密性を高めることができる。 Moreover, even if a level | step difference is formed in the surface 12 or the back surface 13 of the metal member 1 by the 1st main joining process and the 2nd main joining process, the surface 12 or the back surface 13 of the metal member 1 is performed by performing a repair process. Can be flattened. Further, in the auxiliary member joining step, at least the metal member 1 and the auxiliary member 4 may be joined, but the auxiliary member 4 is plasticized by joining the entire auxiliary member 4 as in the present embodiment. Covered with w2 and w3, the airtightness and watertightness can be further enhanced.
また、突合部J1の仮接合工程を行うことで、本接合工程を行う際に金属部材1,1が離間するのを防ぐことができる。また、タブ材を設けることにより、回転ツールの挿入及び離脱作業が容易になるとともに、このタブ材に下穴を設けることで回転ツールを押し込む際の圧入抵抗を小さくすることができる。 Moreover, when the temporary joining process of the butt | matching part J1 is performed, when performing this joining process, it can prevent that the metal members 1 and 1 leave | separate. Further, by providing the tab material, it is easy to insert and remove the rotary tool, and by providing a pilot hole in the tab material, it is possible to reduce the press-fitting resistance when the rotary tool is pushed.
以上本発明の実施形態について説明したが、本発明の趣旨に反しない範囲において設計変更が可能である。例えば、図10は、補修工程の変形例を示した図であって、(a)は凹溝形成工程、(b)は肉盛り溶接工程を示す。補修工程では、補助部材4に代えて、肉盛溶接で補修してもよい。つまり、図10の(a)に示すように、第一の本接合工程で形成された塑性化領域W1の上に凹溝Mを形成した後、この凹溝Mに肉盛り溶接を行ってもよい。これにより、凹溝Mに溶接金属Nが充填されるため、金属部材1,1の表面12を平坦にすることができる。なお、凹溝形成工程は省略してもよい。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, design changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a modification of the repair process, in which (a) shows a groove forming process and (b) shows a build-up welding process. In the repair process, the auxiliary member 4 may be replaced by overlay welding. That is, as shown in FIG. 10 (a), after forming the groove M on the plasticized region W1 formed in the first main joining step, overlay welding is performed on the groove M. Good. Thereby, since the weld metal N is filled in the groove M, the surface 12 of the metal members 1 and 1 can be flattened. The concave groove forming step may be omitted.
また、仮接合工程は、本実施形態では摩擦攪拌接合で行ったが、溶接でもよい。また、補助部材4を用いた補修工程では、仮接合用回転ツールGを用いたが、補助部材4の厚みが大きい場合にはさらに大きな回転ツールを用いてもよい。また、補助部材4と金属部材1とは溶接で接合してもよい。 Moreover, although the temporary joining process was performed by friction stir welding in this embodiment, welding may be used. In the repairing process using the auxiliary member 4, the temporary bonding rotary tool G is used. However, when the auxiliary member 4 is thick, a larger rotating tool may be used. Moreover, you may join the auxiliary member 4 and the metal member 1 by welding.
実施例では、寸法の異なる3種類の本接合用回転ツールFA,FB,FCを用い、各回転ツールの回転数や下穴の条件を変えて、平坦なアルミニウム合金である金属部材1の表面12を所定の長さ移動させて、形成された塑性化領域の断面を観察した。実施例での符号及び寸法は適宜図1を参照する。摩擦攪拌接合時は、本接合用回転ツールを右回転させ、本接合用回転ツールの連結部F1と金属部材1は離間させて、攪拌ピンF2のみを金属部材1に挿入させて行った。 In the embodiment, three types of main welding rotary tools FA, FB, and FC having different dimensions are used, and the rotational speed of each rotary tool and the conditions of the pilot holes are changed, so that the surface 12 of the metal member 1 that is a flat aluminum alloy is used. Was moved by a predetermined length, and the cross section of the formed plasticized region was observed. Reference numerals and dimensions in the embodiments refer to FIG. 1 as appropriate. At the time of friction stir welding, the rotating tool for main welding was rotated to the right, the connecting portion F1 of the rotating tool for main welding and the metal member 1 were separated, and only the stirring pin F2 was inserted into the metal member 1.
<実施例1>
図11は、実施例1の条件と各塑性化領域の断面図である。実施例1では、本接合用回転ツールFAを用いて、試験体NO.1〜3の三つの試験体を用いて、各条件で試験を行った。本接合用回転ツールFAの連結部F1の外径X1(図1の(a)参照)は140mm、厚みX2は40mmになっている。攪拌ピンF2の長さY1は55mm、基端外径Y2は32mm、先端外径Y3は16mmになっている。攪拌ピンF2の外周面には、深さ2mm、ピッチ2mmで左ネジの螺旋溝F3が刻設されている。
<Example 1>
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the conditions of Example 1 and each plasticized region. In Example 1, the test body NO. The test was performed under each condition using the three test bodies 1 to 3. The outer diameter X1 (see (a) of FIG. 1) of the connecting portion F1 of the main joining rotating tool FA is 140 mm, and the thickness X2 is 40 mm. The length Y1 of the stirring pin F2 is 55 mm, the proximal end outer diameter Y2 is 32 mm, and the distal end outer diameter Y3 is 16 mm. On the outer peripheral surface of the agitation pin F2, a left-handed spiral groove F3 is engraved with a depth of 2 mm and a pitch of 2 mm.
図12は、実施例1を説明するための断面図である。挿入深さ寸法t1は、押し込んだ攪拌ピンF2の先端から表面12までの長さである。下穴Kは円柱状を呈し、直径t2=20mm、深さt3=45mmに設定されている。 FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the first embodiment. The insertion depth dimension t1 is the length from the tip of the pushed stirring pin F2 to the surface 12. The pilot hole K has a cylindrical shape, and is set to have a diameter t2 = 20 mm and a depth t3 = 45 mm.
図11に示すように、実施例1の試験体NO.1〜3ではいずれも接合欠陥は見られなかった。金属部材1の表面12には段差Pが形成されている。段差Pは、本接合用回転ツールFAの進行方向左側にいくほど深くなっている。段差Pは、摩擦攪拌接合によって塑性流動化した金属が散飛したりバリLとなって外部に流出したりすることで形成されると考えられる。バリLは本接合用回転ツールFAの進行方向右側に集中している。本接合用回転ツールFAでは、ツールの回転速度の変化にはさほど影響を受けていない。 As shown in FIG. 11, the specimen NO. In 1 to 3, no bonding defect was observed. A step P is formed on the surface 12 of the metal member 1. The step P becomes deeper toward the left side in the traveling direction of the main rotating tool for welding FA. The level difference P is considered to be formed when metal plasticized by friction stir welding is scattered or becomes burrs L and flows out to the outside. The burrs L are concentrated on the right side in the traveling direction of the main rotating tool FA. In the welding rotary tool FA, the change in the rotation speed of the tool is not significantly affected.
<実施例2>
図13は、実施例2の条件と各塑性化領域の断面図である。実施例2では、本接合用回転ツールFBを用いて、試験体NO.4〜7の四つの試験体を用いて、各条件で試験を行った。本接合用回転ツールFBの連結部F1の外径X1(図1の(a)参照)は140mm、厚みX2は55mmになっている。攪拌ピンF2の長さY1は77mm、基端外径Y2は38mm、先端外径Y3は16mmになっている。攪拌ピンF2の外周面には、深さ2mm、ピッチ2mmで左ネジの螺旋溝F3が刻設されている。
<Example 2>
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the conditions of Example 2 and each plasticized region. In Example 2, the test body NO. The test was performed under each condition using four specimens of 4 to 7. The outer diameter X1 (see FIG. 1A) of the connecting portion F1 of the main rotating tool FB is 140 mm, and the thickness X2 is 55 mm. The length Y1 of the stirring pin F2 is 77 mm, the proximal end outer diameter Y2 is 38 mm, and the distal end outer diameter Y3 is 16 mm. On the outer peripheral surface of the agitation pin F2, a left-handed spiral groove F3 is engraved with a depth of 2 mm and a pitch of 2 mm.
図14は、実施例2を説明するための断面図である。挿入深さ寸法t4は、押し込んだ攪拌ピンF2の先端から表面12までの長さである。下穴Kは幅広部K1と、幅広部K1の底面に形成された幅狭部K2とで構成されている。幅広部K1及び幅狭部K2はいずれも円柱状を呈する。幅広部K1の直径をt5、深さ寸法をt7とし、幅狭部K2の直径をt6、深さ寸法をt8とする。 FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the second embodiment. The insertion depth dimension t4 is the length from the tip of the agitated stirring pin F2 to the surface 12. The pilot hole K includes a wide portion K1 and a narrow portion K2 formed on the bottom surface of the wide portion K1. Both the wide part K1 and the narrow part K2 have a cylindrical shape. The diameter of the wide part K1 is t5, the depth dimension is t7, the diameter of the narrow part K2 is t6, and the depth dimension is t8.
図13に示すように、実施例2の試験体NO.4〜7ではいずれも接合欠陥は見られなかった。金属部材1の表面12には段差Pが形成されている。段差Pは、摩擦攪拌接合によって塑性流動化した金属が散飛したりバリLとなって外部に流出したりすることで形成されると考えられる。NO.4,5では、塑性化領域Wの上部と下部で金属の模様が異なることがわかる。これは、NO.4,5ではツールの回転数が高いため、塑性流動化された金属のうち、上側の金属が高温になりやすいためであると考えられる。一方、NO.6,7では、ツールの回転数が低いため塑性化領域Wの模様はほぼ一様になっている。試験体NO.7では比較的段差Pが小さかった。 As shown in FIG. In any of Nos. 4 to 7, no junction defect was observed. A step P is formed on the surface 12 of the metal member 1. The level difference P is considered to be formed when metal plasticized by friction stir welding is scattered or becomes burrs L and flows out to the outside. NO. 4 and 5, it can be seen that the metal pattern is different between the upper part and the lower part of the plasticized region W. This is NO. In 4 and 5, the rotation speed of the tool is high, so it is considered that the upper metal of the plastic fluidized metal tends to become high temperature. On the other hand, NO. In 6 and 7, since the number of rotations of the tool is low, the pattern of the plasticized region W is almost uniform. Specimen NO. In step 7, the level difference P was relatively small.
<実施例3>
図15は、実施例3の条件と各塑性化領域の断面図である。実施例3では、本接合用回転ツールFCを用いて、試験体8〜11の四つの試験体を用いて、各条件で試験を行った。本接合用回転ツールFCの連結部F1の外径X1(図1の(a)参照)は140mm、厚みX2は45mmになっている。攪拌ピンF2の長さY1は157mm、基端外径Y2は54.7mm、先端外径Y3は16mmになっている。攪拌ピンF2の外周面には、深さ2mm、ピッチ2mmで左ネジの螺旋溝F3が刻設されている。
<Example 3>
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the conditions of Example 3 and each plasticized region. In Example 3, the test was performed under the respective conditions using the four test bodies 8 to 11 using the main rotating tool for bonding FC. The outer diameter X1 (see FIG. 1A) of the connecting portion F1 of the welding rotary tool FC is 140 mm, and the thickness X2 is 45 mm. The length Y1 of the stirring pin F2 is 157 mm, the proximal end outer diameter Y2 is 54.7 mm, and the distal end outer diameter Y3 is 16 mm. On the outer peripheral surface of the agitation pin F2, a left-handed spiral groove F3 is engraved with a depth of 2 mm and a pitch of 2 mm.
図15に示すように、実施例3の試験体NO.8〜10の符号Qの部分(回転ツールの進行方向左側)では接合欠陥が見られた。金属部材1の表面12には比較的大きな段差Pが形成されている。段差Pは、摩擦攪拌接合によって塑性流動化した金属が散飛したりバリとなって外部に流出したりすることで形成されると考えられる。一方、試験体NO.11では挿入深さを短くした(攪拌ピンF2の長さに対して略半分程度挿入した)ため、段差がほぼ無い状態になった。 As shown in FIG. Bonding defects were observed in the portion of the sign Q of 8 to 10 (left side in the traveling direction of the rotary tool). A relatively large step P is formed on the surface 12 of the metal member 1. The level difference P is considered to be formed when the metal plasticized by friction stir welding is scattered or becomes burrs and flows out. On the other hand, specimen NO. In No. 11, the insertion depth was shortened (approximately half of the length of the stirring pin F2 was inserted), so there was almost no step.
1 金属部材
2 第一タブ材
3 第二タブ材
4 補助部材
12 表面
13 裏面
F 本接合用回転ツール
F1 連結部
F2 攪拌ピン
G 仮接合用回転ツール
G1 ショルダ部
G2 攪拌ピン
J1〜J4 突合部
K 下穴
M 凹溝
W1 塑性化領域
w1〜w3 塑性化領域
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Metal member 2 1st tab material 3 2nd tab material 4 Auxiliary member 12 Front surface 13 Back surface F Rotating tool for main joining F1 Connection part F2 Stirring pin G Temporary joining rotating tool G1 Shoulder part G2 Stirring pin J1-J4 Butting part K Pilot hole M Concave groove W1 Plasticized region w1-w3 Plasticized region
Claims (5)
前記金属部材同士の突合部に仮接合を行う仮接合工程と、
前記突合部に回転した前記攪拌ピンを挿入し、前記摩擦攪拌装置及び前記回転ツールのうち前記回転ツールの前記攪拌ピンのみを前記金属部材に接触させた状態で摩擦攪拌接合を行う本接合工程と、を含み、
前記仮接合工程で用いる仮接合用回転ツールは、ショルダ部と、攪拌ピンとで構成されており、
前記ショルダ部は、円柱状を呈し、前記摩擦攪拌装置の回転軸に連結される部位であるとともに、塑性流動化した金属を押さえる部位であり、
前記仮接合工程では、前記ショルダ部の下端面を前記金属部材同士の表面に押し込みながら前記仮接合用回転ツールを相対移動させることを特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合方法。 A friction stir welding method for joining two metal members using a rotary tool provided with a stirring pin and connected to a rotating shaft of a friction stirrer,
A temporary joining step of temporarily joining the abutting portions of the metal members;
A main joining step of performing friction stir welding in a state where only the stirring pin of the rotating tool out of the friction stirrer and the rotating tool is in contact with the metal member by inserting the rotated stirring pin into the abutting portion; Including,
The temporary bonding rotary tool used in the temporary bonding step includes a shoulder portion and a stirring pin.
The shoulder portion has a columnar shape and is a portion that is connected to the rotating shaft of the friction stirrer and is a portion that holds the plastic fluidized metal,
In the temporary joining step, a friction stir welding method characterized by relatively moving the rotary tool for temporary joining while pushing the lower end surface of the shoulder portion into the surfaces of the metal members.
前記金属部材同士の突合部に仮接合を行う仮接合工程と、
前記突合部に回転した前記攪拌ピンを挿入し、前記摩擦攪拌装置及び前記回転ツールのうち前記回転ツールの前記攪拌ピンのみを前記金属部材に接触させた状態で摩擦攪拌接合を行う本接合工程と、を含み、
前記本接合工程では、
前記金属部材の表面側から摩擦攪拌接合を行う第一の本接合工程と、
前記金属部材の裏面側から摩擦攪拌接合を行う第二の本接合工程と、を行い、
前記第一の本接合工程で形成された塑性化領域と前記第二の本接合工程で形成された塑性化領域とを接触させ、
前記仮接合工程で用いる仮接合用回転ツールは、ショルダ部と、攪拌ピンとで構成されており、
前記ショルダ部は、円柱状を呈し、前記摩擦攪拌装置の回転軸に連結される部位であるとともに、塑性流動化した金属を押さえる部位であり、
前記仮接合工程では、前記ショルダ部の下端面を前記金属部材同士の表面に押し込みながら前記仮接合用回転ツールを相対移動させることを特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合方法。 A friction stir welding method for joining two metal members using a rotary tool provided with a stirring pin and connected to a rotating shaft of a friction stirrer,
A temporary joining step of temporarily joining the abutting portions of the metal members;
A main joining step of performing friction stir welding in a state where only the stirring pin of the rotating tool out of the friction stirrer and the rotating tool is in contact with the metal member by inserting the rotated stirring pin into the abutting portion; Including,
In the main joining process,
A first main joining step of performing friction stir welding from the surface side of the metal member;
A second main joining step of performing friction stir welding from the back side of the metal member,
Bringing the plasticized region formed in the first main joining step into contact with the plasticized region formed in the second main joining step;
The temporary bonding rotary tool used in the temporary bonding step includes a shoulder portion and a stirring pin.
The shoulder portion has a columnar shape and is a portion that is connected to the rotating shaft of the friction stirrer and is a portion that holds the plastic fluidized metal,
In the temporary joining step, a friction stir welding method characterized by relatively moving the rotary tool for temporary joining while pushing the lower end surface of the shoulder portion into the surfaces of the metal members.
前記金属部材と前記補助部材とを接合する補助部材接合工程と、を行うことを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。 An arranging step of arranging an auxiliary member on the plasticized region formed in the main joining step;
The friction stir welding method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an auxiliary member joining step for joining the metal member and the auxiliary member is performed.
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JP2010284704A (en) * | 2009-06-15 | 2010-12-24 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | Joining method and method of manufacturing structure having lid |
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