JP2015121588A - Character medium and creation method of character medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a character medium which facilitates learning of an ancient writing character.SOLUTION: A character medium shows using an ancient writing character obtained by translating an ancient writing into a modern language and extracting the modern language translation of the ancient writing, or an ancient writing character extracted from an ancient writings other than the above-mentioned ancient writing.

Description

  The present invention relates to a character medium that allows a modern person to easily read ancient Japanese kanji characters and a method for creating the same.

In order to decipher old documents such as prints and manuscripts (generally books before the Meiji period), it is indispensable to learn variant kana and cursive kanji (hereinafter collectively referred to as sushi characters). Note that this old document widely means “old document” and includes “old record” in historical studies.
Conventionally, existing ancient documents have been used for learning kanji characters. For example, the old document 10 in FIG. The old document 10 in FIG. 1 is an excerpt from “Tenjo no Yamiuchi” in “Heike Monogatari” (Takanomoto).

For example, when a learner learns a kanji character using the old document 10 of FIG. 1, even if the kanji character is converted into a reprinted sentence, that is, a kanji mixed sentence in the current kanji character, the result can be obtained as shown in FIG. This is an ancient transcript 20 that is difficult to understand. Here, the transcription means that a sentence written in kanji characters is changed to a modern kanji mixed kana sentence. Since an actual old document is naturally written in an old sentence, when a learner learns a kanji character, “work to convert the old document 10 written in a kanji character 20 into a reprinted sentence 20 (reprinting)” and “ Two tasks, “work to understand the meaning of the reprinted sentence 20 that is an old sentence (reading an old sentence)”, are forced. In other words, it was a situation where it was not possible to concentrate solely on learning koji characters. Generally speaking, it is difficult to perform both transcription and reading of ancient texts at the same time, and even if you reprint the kanji characters, you cannot read the ancient texts, so you do not understand the meaning of the sentences and lose interest in learning. There were many. As a result, the following problems have occurred.
The first problem is that learning of kanji characters has not progressed, and there are fewer people who can reprint old documents written in kanji characters.
The second problem is that young researchers are moving away from the jumbled characters even at the researcher level, and even famous old documents such as The Tale of Genji and the Heike Monogatari cannot be read as they are. Researchers and students are increasing.
The third problem is that most of the ancient documents made before the Meiji period have not been reprinted yet, so research has not progressed. It means that there is a crisis that will be buried.
In order to solve these problems, a character medium such as a teaching material that facilitates the learning of the kanji characters is required.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a character medium that facilitates learning of koji characters and a method for creating the same.

  Therefore, the character medium of the present invention translates an ancient document into a modern language, and expresses the modern language translation as it is in the form of a comb character represented by the old document or an old document other than the old document. It is characterized by.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to easily and effectively learn comb characters. For this reason, it becomes easy to overcome the trash character which has been an obstacle to the decoding of the old document, and it becomes possible to feel the old document closer.

It is a figure which shows a part excerpt of "Heike Monogatari" (Takanomoto). It is a figure which shows an example of the transcription sentence of FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the modern word translation of FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the crap character sentence which represented each character of FIG. 3 by the trash character. It is a figure which shows an example of the correspondence of the modern Kana and the trash character used in "Heike Monogatari" (Takanomoto). It is a figure which shows an example of the correspondence of the modern Kana and the trash character used in "Tosa Diary" (the constant family book). It is a figure which shows a part excerpt of "Tosa Diary". It is a figure which shows an example of the transcription sentence of FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the modern language translation of FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a character string in which each character of FIG. 9 is represented by a character character. It is the figure which expanded a part of FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the hardware constitutions of a computer system. It is a figure which shows an example of the table data memorize | stored in the computer system.

The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
<Embodiment 1>
Fig. 1 is an excerpt of a part of "Tenjo no Yamiuchi" from "Heike Monogatari" (Takanomoto), and Fig. 2 is an excerpt of the excerpt from the current kanji-kana mix. Reprinted sentence 20.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the modern language 30 of the reprint sentence 20 of FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the modern language 30 may be a broken young man who is interested in a modern youth. An example is shown here.
In creating the teaching material described in the present embodiment, a researcher or the like prepares the modern language 30 in advance.
FIG. 4 is a kanji character sentence 40 in which each character of the modern language 30 shown in FIG. 3 is represented by a kanji character (variant kana and cursive kanji) used in the same “Heike Monogatari” (Takanomoto). FIG.
Each of the characters constituting the character 40 shown in FIG. 4 has picked up characters corresponding to each character of the modern language 30 from the Heike Monogatari (Takanomoto), which is the original sentence of the modern language 30. It has been applied. Therefore, the handwriting of each character in the character character sentence 40 is the handwriting of “Heike Monogatari” (Takanomoto).
The teaching material, which is an example of the character medium according to the present embodiment, is a text for learning character characters that is written by contrasting the modern language 30 with the character characters 40. In contrast, the notation may be arranged side by side within the same page, or may be arranged on separate pages. By using this teaching material (text), the learner can learn while contrasting the modern language 30 and the kanji 40. As a result, the learner does not need to decipher difficult old sentences, and thus can concentrate on the learning of kanji characters, and can easily and effectively learn kanji characters. Of course, it is not necessary to contrast if you are an advanced expert in kanji characters.

Hereinafter, a method for creating a teaching material in the present embodiment will be described.
First, the modern language 30 is prepared in advance for creating the teaching material of the present embodiment. That is, the modern language 30 of the reprint sentence 20 obtained by reprinting the old document 10 is prepared and prepared in advance.
Then, from the original sentence of the modern language 30 “Heike Monogatari” (Takanomoto), a comb character corresponding to each character of the modern language 30 is found, and the comb character is read by an image scanner. Then, the image read by the image scanner is processed using image processing software (for example, Photoshop (registered trademark)), and a comb character is applied to correspond to each character of the modern language 30. In this way, by repeatedly applying a comb character corresponding to each character of the modern language 30, a sentence that has been picked up from the Heike Monogatari (Takanomoto) and corresponding to each character of the modern language 30 is applied. It is possible to create a kanji character sentence 40.
In place of the image scanner, each character may be cut and pasted with scissors or the like, and may be appropriately adopted depending on the situation including other means.

As shown in FIG. 5, there is not always a single type of comb character used in the “Heike Monogatari” (Takanomoto) corresponding to one character described in the modern language 30. Absent. In such a case, an appropriate character is selected and applied.
That is, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a correspondence relationship between the modern kana and the koji characters used in “Heike Monogatari” (Takanomoto), as shown in FIG. In the Heike Monogatari (Takanomoto), there are multiple comb characters corresponding to “ha”. The first stage is “ha” derived from “wave”, the second stage is “ha” derived from “eight”, and the third stage is “ha” derived from “person”, The fourth level is “ha” derived from “board”. Thus, even if the same “ha”, there are a plurality of comb characters depending on the character from which it is derived. The same applies to (b) in FIG. 5 and (c) in FIG.
Therefore, as described above, if there are multiple comb characters used in the “Heike Monogatari” (Takanomoto) corresponding to one character described in the modern language 30, an appropriate one is used. Choose and apply.

In addition, the kanji characters may differ depending on the work or biography (the same work has various biography). Therefore, in order to create the teaching material (text) of the present embodiment, comb characters corresponding to the characters of the modern language translation are picked up from the same work and applied. This point will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a correspondence relationship between the modern kana and the koji characters used in the “Tosa Diary” (the regular family book).
This case is also the same as FIG. 5. For example, as shown in FIG. 6A, there are a plurality of comb characters corresponding to “ha” in “Tosa Diary” (fixed family book). The first row is “ha” derived from “wave”, the second row is “ha” derived from “person”, and the third row is “ha” derived from “eight”. The same applies to (b) in FIG. 6 and (c) in FIG. 6, and there are a plurality of comb characters depending on the derived characters.
As can be seen from a comparison between FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, for example, even a comb character corresponding to the same “ha” may differ depending on a work or a transcript. Therefore, as described above, a comb character corresponding to each character of the colloquial translation is picked up from the same work and applied.
This is one of the essential points of the present invention. There is already a variant kana font and the like, but this only assigns a uniform variant kana to the character "person". Since it is a font, naturally it cannot represent handwritten fonts and the shape is uniform. However, since the handwriting is actually different for each writer, the font is different for each old document. With uniform fonts, fonts with a habit that cannot be covered often appear. When handwritten characters and word processor characters are compared, it is clear that the former has a variety of shapes. In addition, there are variations in shape and size even for the same letter in the same ancient document. In general, when you write a long sentence by handwriting, it is the same as the variation in the shape and size of characters. Such various variations of fonts and handwritten fonts found in old documents can be reproduced in detail in the present invention, and a uniform font is an idea that draws a line. Of course, it is obvious that practicing with the teaching material using the present invention is overwhelmingly efficient in reprinting an actual old document. This is because it is possible to learn realistically the habit of characters used in the old document. Furthermore, since the font is the same as that of the old document, it can be said that it is fundamentally different from what the modern man imitated. For example, imitating Fujiwara Sadaie's handwriting is not the same as Fujiwara Sato's font. From the viewpoint of creating teaching materials, it is almost impossible for modern people to create handwritten teaching materials by imitating the fonts of all ancient documents, and it cannot be said that it is practical.

In the present embodiment, a teaching material in which the modern language 30 and the trash character 40 obtained by the above operations are described is created.
Here, so that the learner can easily learn the kanji characters, a learning material (text) in which the modern language 30 and the kanji characters 40 are contrasted in one page may be created. Good. Thereby, the learner can learn the kanji character while comparing the modern language 30 and the kanji character sentence 40 within one page.
Moreover, you may make it produce the teaching material which described the modern language 30 and the kanji character sentence 40 on a separate page like a problem collection. Thereby, the learner can confirm whether or not the content read by decoding the broken letter 40 is correct by reading the modern language 30 written on another page.
Note that, as described above, the teaching material created in the present embodiment has been described as one in which the broken modern language 30 shown in FIG. 3 is represented by the broken text 40 (FIG. 4), but the teaching material is not limited to this. For example, the transcription 20 shown in FIG. 2 is translated into an unbroken ordinary modern language, and a comb character corresponding to each character of the modern language translation is picked up from “Heike Monogatari” (Takanomoto) and applied. You may make it describe with a trash character. In other words, any type of modern language that can be easily read by modern people can be used.

As a matter of course, the old document used as the material for creating the teaching material need not be limited to “Heike Monogatari” (Takanomoto), but may be other old documents such as “Tosa Diary” (fixed family book). With reference to FIGS. 7 to 10, a description will be given of a method of creating a teaching material in the case of “Tosa Diary” (fixed family book).
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an old document 70 excerpted from the beginning of “Tosa Diary” (fixed family book).
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a reprint sentence 80 of the old document 70 shown in FIG.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the modern language 90 of the reprint sentence 80 shown in FIG.

As described above, the modern language 90 is prepared in advance when creating the teaching material of the present embodiment. That is, the modern language 90 of the reprint sentence 80 obtained by reprinting the old document 70 is prepared and prepared in advance.
Then, by using the same method as described above, by picking up and applying a comb character corresponding to each character of the modern language 90 from the “Tosa Diary” (siege book), the comb character shown in FIG. 100 is created.
Thereby, it is possible to create a teaching material (text) in which the modern language 90 and the kanji character 100 are contrasted. Of course, the kanji character 100 alone can be used as a teaching material. As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to create a teaching material that facilitates learning of a kanji character in any work.
As described above, according to the teaching material in the present embodiment, the learner can learn the character by decoding the character string 40 in FIG. 4 while referring to the modern word 30 in FIG. Similarly, the learner can learn the trash character by deciphering the trash character 100 of FIG. 10 with reference to the modern language 90 of FIG. In other words, compared to the traditional method of learning Kanji characters, the old documents written in Koji characters were reprinted to obtain reprinted sentences, and compared to learning modern sentences by understanding reprinted sentences Easy and effective. As is clear from a comparison of FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, the handwriting is from “Heike Monogatari” (Takanomoto), but there is an overwhelming difference in the ease of learning the kanji characters. What can be obtained by reprinting FIG. 1 is the old sentence of FIG. 2, which is difficult to understand. On the other hand, if FIG. 4 is reprinted, anyone can easily obtain the modern language of FIG. Because it can. In this way, the learner can concentrate on the learning of koji characters.

In addition, according to the teaching material creation method of the present embodiment, a book written in a modern sentence can be reproduced as a book written in a comb character. More specifically, for example, by picking up and applying a comb character corresponding to each character of the book “Norwegian Forest” from “Tosa Diary” (Tsujiemoto), “Tsujiemoto Norwegian Forest” Can be created. Such a book is a book suitable for reading as a place of hobby and culture personally at home as well as being used as a teaching material at school.
As a result, it is possible to create a book (teaching material) in which the kanji characters that have been far from modern people are more familiar.

In addition, there is a character written in a typeface called “ream cotton” which is a typeface that is written continuously without cutting characters.
FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the “Orette” portion of the comb character 40 shown in FIG. 4, and the “Rete” portion is shown in continuous cotton. The method of creating this continuous cotton body is to pick up the “re”, “tsu”, and “te” comb characters from the original old document and then process them one by one with image processing software (eg, Photoshop). To reproduce.
As described above, by processing using image processing software (for example, Photoshop), it is possible to reproduce a comb character described in a continuous cotton body.
Thereby, the teaching material which can learn a trash character including a continuous cotton body can be provided.
Needless to say, in order to correct non-consecutive characters into a continuous cotton body, it may be added by hand without using electric means.

<Embodiment 2>
In the present embodiment, a method of automatically creating the learning material for the kanji character described in the first embodiment by a computer (character conversion device) will be described.
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration of the computer system 120 according to the present embodiment.
The computer system 120 includes a control unit 121, a storage unit 122, a reading unit 123, an input unit 124, and a display unit 125.
The control unit 121 is a central processing unit that controls the entire computer system 120, and implements the functions of the computer system 120 by executing a program stored in the storage unit 122.

The storage unit 122 is a storage device that stores various programs and various data necessary for processing executed by the control unit 121, and also stores table data 130 of FIG.
The reading unit 123 is a scanner that reads a paper medium.
The input unit 124 includes a keyboard and a mouse that are operated by a user of the computer system 120, and is used to input various operation information to the computer system 120.
The display unit 125 includes a display used by the user of the computer system 120 and displays various types of information on the screen.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of table data stored in advance in the storage unit 122.
The table data 130 is data in which work information 131, contemporary kana (kanji) information 132, and kanji character information 133 are associated with each other. If there is a plurality of comb characters for one modern kana (kanji) information 132, a plurality of pieces of comb information 133 are associated, and the table data 130 includes all modern kana and modern kanji characters. The kanji character (variant kana and cursive kanji) information 133 corresponding to the contemporary kana (kanji) information 132 is associated in advance.
The computer system 120 in the present embodiment can output the comb character information 133 corresponding to the input contemporary kana (kanji) information 132 by storing the table data 130 in the storage unit 122 in advance.
Hereinafter, the processing of the computer system 120 will be described more specifically.

First, the control unit 121 displays a selection screen for the work information 131 on the display unit 125, and accepts the selection of the work information 131 via the input unit 124.
Next, when the user inputs a character via the input unit 124, the control unit 121 accepts input of contemporary kana (kanji) information 132 via the input unit 124.
Then, the control unit 121 refers to the table data 130 based on the selected work information 131 and the input modern kana (kanji) information 132. Here, when the control unit 121 detects a plurality of pieces of character information 133, the control unit 121 may automatically select predetermined character information 133, or the user may select a character character via the input unit 124. You may make it receive selection of the information 133. FIG. The control unit 121 executes this processing for all the input modern kana (kanji) information 132.
The control unit 121 may display, on the display unit 125, a comb character composed of a comb character indicated by the comb character information 133 specified by the above processing, or may print it with a printing device or the like that can communicate via a network. it can.
In the present embodiment, the control unit 121 has been described as accepting the input of the modern kana (kanji) information 132 via the input unit 124. However, the control unit 121 uses a paper medium written in modern kana and kanji. Alternatively, modern kana (kanji) information 132 may be extracted from the read image by reading through the reading unit 123, and a comb character may be automatically generated.

  Through the above processing, the computer system 120 can convert a modern sentence into a kanji character by converting the input modern kana (kanji) information 132 into the kanji character information 133 and outputting it. As a result, it is possible to automatically create a teaching material in which a contemporary sentence written in modern kana (kanji) and a kanji character sentence written in kanji characters corresponding to the modern kana (kanji) are contrasted. . Of course, it is not essential to make a contrast, because only kanji characters can be used as teaching materials.

<Other embodiments>
The invention in the second embodiment can also be realized by executing the following processing. That is, the software (program) for realizing the functions of the second embodiment is supplied to a system or apparatus via a network or various storage media, and the computer (or CPU, MPU, etc.) of the system or apparatus reads out and executes the program. It is processing to do.

  As described above, according to each of the above-described embodiments, it is possible to provide a teaching material that facilitates the learning of comb characters.

  The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, but the present embodiment is not limited to the specific embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the gist of the present invention described in the claims.・ Change is possible. The object of the present invention is to display various characters such as books, magazines, newspapers, leaflets (one sheet, etc.), means for reading on the screen using electronic data (electronic books, personal computers, smartphones, mobile phones, etc.) Embodiments are possible.

10, 70 Old document, 20, 80 Reprinted sentence, 30, 90 Modern language, 40, 100 Kanji characters, 50, 51, 52, 60, 61, 62 Correspondence between modern Kana and Kanji characters, 120 Computer system, 130 Table data, 131 Work information, 132 Modern kana (Kanji) information, 133 Kanji information

Claims (7)

  A character medium characterized in that an ancient document is translated into a modern language, and the modern language translation is expressed using a comb character extracted from the old document or a comb character extracted from an old document other than the old document.   An ancient document is translated into a modern language, and the modern language translation is expressed in contrast to a modern character and a comb character extracted from the old document or from an old document other than the old document. Character medium.   3. The character medium according to claim 1, wherein adjacent comb characters are corrected to a continuous continuous cotton body.   4. The character medium according to claim 1, wherein the kanji character is a variant kana or a cursive kanji.   Identified from first means for reading and storing scrap characters of an old document by electrical means, second means for storing the stored scrap letters in correspondence with modern characters, and second means And a third means for extracting the character.   Creating a modern word translation of an ancient document, creating a comb character that represents the created modern word translation extracted from the old document or a broken letter extracted from an old document other than the old document, and a character medium A method for creating a character medium, comprising:   A first step of reading and storing a scrap character of an old document by electric means, a second step of storing the stored scrap character in correspondence with a modern character, and a storing of the second step And a third step of extracting the specified character.

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