JP2015117522A - Cladding structure and attaching method of falling-off prevention means - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent falling off of a cladding material even when the cladding material is peeled off and a mounting fixture is deteriorated.SOLUTION: The cladding structure includes: a structural object 11; a cladding mortar 14; a stainless wire net (peel-off prevention means for cladding mortar) 12; plural main fixtures 13, 15, 16 and 19; and auxiliary fixtures 10 and 20. The main fixtures are attached to the structural object 11 with screws being interposed by the stainless wire net, and the auxiliary fixtures are attached to the structural object 11 by means of bonding and engaging the stainless wire net to thereby attach the stainless wire net 12. The stainless wire net 12 is attached to the structural object 11 by means of the main fixtures which are in contact therewith and the auxiliary fixtures 10 at a position separated away therefrom. After attaching the main fixtures, the auxiliary fixtures are attached.

Description

  The present invention relates to a covering structure in which a structure such as a tunnel is covered with a covering material. In particular, the present invention relates to a technique for mounting a stripping prevention tool that prevents stripping of a covering material.

  Giving or improving the performance of fire resistance, heat insulation, sound insulation, etc. on the surface of buildings, detached houses, tunnels and other structures constructed using metals (steel, cast iron, etc.), concrete or wood For this purpose, coating with a cement-based coating material such as coating mortar is performed.

  By the way, in order to prevent the covering mortar from being peeled off, a mounting mechanism such as a bolt, a nut, a nail, a tapping screw or a wooden screw, an anchor, or the like is used to attach a peeling prevention tool for covering mortar such as a metal mesh. (For example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  Thereby, even if a cement-type coating | covering material peels from the structure surface for some reason, since a peeling prevention tool supports a coating | covering material, peeling of a coating | covering material can be prevented.

JP 2003-206694 A JP 2012-132191 A

  However, it is conceivable that the integrity of the attachment mechanism and the structure is impaired due to aging. For example, when the anchor is attached to the surface of the structure with an adhesive, it is conceivable that the adhesive force of the anchor is reduced due to deterioration of the adhesive or deterioration of the attachment portion of the structure. It is also conceivable that the reinforcing material is not properly attached to the structure surface. For example, when the anchor is attached to the structure surface with an adhesive, the amount or quality of the adhesive may be inappropriate. In addition, when the screw is attached to the surface of the structure by screwing, the screw may be loosened due to vibration or the like.

  If peeling of the covering material overlaps with deterioration of the attachment mechanism, the covering material may be peeled off. If a person, vehicle, or the like is passing through the location where the covering material has fallen, or if facilities are installed, a serious accident may occur.

  Therefore, there has been a demand for a technique that can prevent the covering material from peeling off even when the covering material is peeled off and the attachment mechanism is deteriorated.

  Although it is difficult to assume that peeling of the covering material and deterioration of the mounting mechanism occur, it is important to take safety measures that take into account unexpected situations.

  This invention solves the said subject, and it aims at providing the technique which can prevent peeling of a coating | covering material, even when peeling of a coating | covering material and deterioration of an attachment mechanism overlap.

  The covering structure which is one embodiment of the present invention that solves the above problems includes a structure, a covering material that covers the structure, a peeling preventer that prevents the covering material from peeling off from the structure, and the peeling A main attachment means for attaching the prevention tool to the structure; and an auxiliary attachment means for attaching the peeling prevention tool to the structure by means different from the main attachment means.

  Thereby, even when peeling of a covering material and deterioration of this attachment mechanism overlap, since an auxiliary attachment means supports a peeling prevention tool and a peeling prevention tool supports a covering material, peeling of a covering material can be prevented.

  Preferably, in the above invention, the main mounting means is attached to the structure at a position where the anti-strip tool abuts, and the auxiliary mounting means is attached to the structure at a position where the anti-strip tool is separated. .

  Thereby, the peeling prevention function with respect to the whole coating structure can be remarkably improved without being accompanied by a local peeling prevention function.

  In the present invention, preferably, the main attachment means is a means including screwing, fitting, fastening, embedding, locking, adhesion, pressure bonding, welding, welding, nailing, scissors, staples, or a combination of each means. The auxiliary mounting means is one of means including screwing, fitting, fastening, embedding, locking, adhesion, pressure bonding, welding, welding, nailing, scissors, stapling, or a combination of each means. Of these, the means is different from the main attachment means.

  Thereby, various deterioration factors can be dealt with.

  One aspect of the present invention that solves the above problem is a method of attaching a peeling prevention tool that prevents the covering material from peeling off from a structure, wherein the peeling prevention tool is attached to the structure by book attachment means, and the book The peeling prevention tool is attached to the structure by auxiliary attachment means different from the attachment means.

  Thereby, construction of the auxiliary attachment means is facilitated.

  According to the present invention, even when peeling of the covering material overlaps with deterioration of the attachment mechanism, peeling of the covering material can be prevented.

Covering construction procedure Schematic perspective view of stainless steel wire mesh Schematic perspective view of the auxiliary fixture (first embodiment) Schematic perspective view of the auxiliary fixture (second embodiment) Schematic perspective view of the auxiliary fixture (third embodiment)

<First Embodiment>
~Constitution~
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a construction procedure of a covering structure according to this embodiment. FIG. 1D shows the structure of the covering structure.

  The covering structure includes a structure 11, a covering mortar 14, a stainless steel wire mesh (a peeling prevention tool for covering mortar) 12, main attachment mechanisms 13, 15, 16, and 19, and auxiliary attachment mechanisms 10 and 20.

  The iron structure 11 is an example of a structure. As a structure in the present invention, a structure made of steel (particularly ordinary steel) or cast iron (iron structure), a concrete structure, a wooden structure, and steel, cast iron, concrete, wood, stone, resin, etc. are combined. More specifically, for example, ordinary steel segments, cast iron segments, synthetic segments made of steel and concrete, synthetic segments made of cast iron and concrete, and one or two of these Shield tunnel consisting of more than species segments, mountain tunnel made of concrete and steel, steel tank, reinforced concrete tank, steel pier, steel viaduct, reinforced concrete viaduct, steel pipe, steel frame, steel plate or steel pipe filled concrete Buildings with walls, roofs, columns, beams or floors, steel shells filled with concrete Buried tunnel, wooden house, steel-made housing include concrete houses like.

  The covering mortar 14 is an example of a covering material. The coating mortar in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is coated on the structure surface 17, and may be any of cement mortar, polymer mortar, or polymer cement mortar. For example, chemical resistance such as fireproof coating mortar and acid resistant mortar. Mortar, finish mortar, heat insulating mortar, cross-section repair mortar and the like. Moreover, coating materials other than mortar are also included. The covering mortar 14 shown in FIG. 1 is a fireproof covering mortar made of a lightweight mortar.

  The stainless steel wire mesh 12 is an example of a peeling prevention tool. As a peeling prevention tool in the present invention, one or two or more selected from metals, ceramics, resins, glasses, and carbons are used as a main material. Specifically, it is a material that hardly corrodes or rusts such as stainless steel, rust-prevented metal, resin, alkali-resistant glass, and carbon. From the viewpoint of fire resistance, nonflammable or flame retardant materials are preferred. For these reasons, stainless steel, rust-proof metal, ceramic, alkali-resistant glass, and the like are particularly preferable. Of these, stainless steel is preferable.

  The shape of the peeling prevention tool may be any selected from a net shape, a rod shape, a linear shape, or a perforated sheet shape. Since the filling mortar is unlikely to be filled poorly, the shape of the peeling prevention tool is preferably a net shape, a rod shape, or a linear shape. In particular, when the coating mortar is arranged on the surface of the structure by the spraying method, for the same reason, the shape of the peeling prevention tool is preferably a net-like, rod-like or linear one. When the net is rod-shaped or linear, it is more preferable that the distance between adjacent bars or lines is 20 mm or more.

  FIG. 2 shows a schematic perspective view of the stainless steel wire mesh 12. The stainless steel wire mesh 12 includes a concave portion 19 and a flat portion 20 and is embedded in the covering mortar 14. The recess 19 has a groove shape. The concave portion 19 contacts the structure surface 17 and is attached by the main attachment mechanisms 13, 15, and 16 at a position where it comes into contact with the structure surface 17. The flat surface portion 20 occupies a large portion of the stainless steel wire mesh 12 and is embedded in the coating mortar at a position separated from the structure surface 17. The auxiliary fixture 10 is disposed at an arbitrary location on the plane portion 20.

  With reference to FIG. 1B and FIG. 1C, an example of the mounting mechanism 13, 15, 16, 19 will be described. The steel structure 11 has a pilot hole 13 that is not penetrated for screwing the tapping screw 15. On the other hand, a metal mesh attachment portion is provided in the recess 19 of the stainless steel metal mesh 12. The wire mesh attachment portion is constituted by a predetermined portion of the two wire rods of the recess 19. The tapping screw 15 is screwed into the prepared hole 13 so that the two wire rods and the flat washer 16 are inserted. As a result, the attachment mechanisms 13, 15, 16, and 19 attach the stainless steel wire mesh 12 to the structure 11.

  The attachment mechanism according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the covering mortar peeling prevention tool can be attached to the surface of the structure. For example, anchor bolts, pipe bolts, hook-shaped fittings, nails, screws such as tapping screws and wood screws, bolts, rivets, insert nuts, nuts, wires, wires, and the like can be given. Examples of the material include metal, ceramic, resin, glass, and wood. Two or more types and materials may be combined. As the attachment method to the structure, screwing, fitting, fastening, embedding, locking, adhesion, pressure bonding, welding, welding, nailing, scissors, staples, or the like can be appropriately employed.

  In addition, an example of the auxiliary mounting mechanisms 10 and 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1B and 1C. The auxiliary attachment mechanism includes an auxiliary attachment 10 attached to the structure surface 17 with an adhesive (not shown), and an attachment portion in the flat portion 20 of the stainless steel metal mesh 12 locked by the auxiliary attachment 10. Is done.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the auxiliary fixture 10. The auxiliary fixture 10 is made of a rust-resistant metal material such as stainless steel, and includes a base plate 1, a standing plate 2, and a bent plate 3.

  The base plate 1 is, for example, a 15 mm square plate. The thickness is less than 1 mm. A hole 4 is formed in the base plate 1. Since an adhesive agent wraps around the hole 4, more reliable adhesion can be expected. Further, two slits 5a and 5b are formed in the base plate 1.

  The standing plate 2 and the bent plate 3 are constituted by a single plate 6 (for example, a width of 4 mm, a length of 36 mm, and a thickness of less than 1 mm). The tip side is formed in a substantially mountain shape.

  And the slit 7 is formed in the center position over the length of 15 mm from the mountain-shaped front end side of the board 6, for example. Accordingly, the portion where the slit 7 is formed is composed of a half body 7a having a width of 2 mm and a half body 7b having a width of 2 mm. That is, when the portions of the half bodies 7a and 7b are bent to a little less than 90 °, this becomes the bent plate 3. Although the bending direction of the half body 7a and the bending direction of the half body 7b are opposite, you may bend in the same direction. The bent plate 3 is bent to a little less than 90 ° to form a hook. A round hole 7 c is formed at the base of the slit 7.

  For example, at a position of 6 mm from the base side of the plate 6, the plate is bent by 90 °, and the bent insertion portion 8 is configured. And the standing board 2 is comprised by inserting the bending insertion part 8 in the slits 5a and 5b part of the base board 1. FIG. The standing plate 2 is provided with uneven ribs 9 by pressing means.

  The base plate 1 is attached to the structure surface 17 with an adhesive (not shown). The hook-shaped bent plate 3 suspends (latches) the flat portion 20 of the stainless steel metal mesh 12. As a result, the auxiliary attachment mechanisms 10 and 20 attach the stainless steel wire mesh 12 to the structure 11.

  The auxiliary fixture in the present invention includes a fixing portion and a locking portion. The base plate 1 constitutes a fixed portion, and the bent plate 3 constitutes a locking portion.

  The fixing portion of the auxiliary fixture is preferably a wire, plate, block, or screw, and is a perforated, annular, tubular, hook-shaped, U-shaped or L-shaped wire, plate, block, or A screw is preferable because it can be easily fixed to the surface of the structure with a screw, a nut, a nail, a hook or the like.

  Examples of a method for fixing the fixing portion of the peeling prevention material to the surface of the structure include, for example, screwing, fitting, fastening, locking, adhesion, pressure bonding, welding, welding, nailing, screws such as tapping screws and wood screws, Wrinkles or staples can be used as appropriate.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the latching | locking part of an auxiliary | assistant fixture consists of a hook, a wire, a wire, a string, a band, etc. In the case of a locking portion made of a wire, a wire, a string, a band, or the like, the fixing portion of the auxiliary fixture is fixed to the surface of the structure, and then directly or indirectly to the fixing portion. A band or the like may be attached and a locking portion for the auxiliary fixture may be formed. When a wire, wire, string, band, or the like is indirectly attached to the fixed portion, these bands are attached to a rod, plate, pipe, hook, ring, or the like that stands from the fixed portion.

  Moreover, after fixing the fixing | fixed part of an auxiliary | assistant fixture to the structure body surface, you may bend | fold the stick, plate, or pipe | tube standing from a fixing | fixed part, and may form the latching | locking part of an auxiliary | assistant fixture.

  In this invention, it will be in the state which can lock a peeling prevention tool by a latching | locking part because the fixing | fixed part of an auxiliary | assistant fixture is being fixed to the structure surface. For example, when the locking portion of the auxiliary fixture is a locking portion made of a wire, a wire, a string, a band, or the like, the state where the peeling prevention tool is fastened by the locking portion or the locking portion forms a ring A part of the peeling prevention tool passes through the ring. When the latching portion of the auxiliary fixture is a latching portion made of a hook, this latching portion is in a state immediately below the peeling prevention tool.

-Construction procedure-
Returning to FIG. 1, the construction procedure of the covering structure will be described.

  A pilot hole 13 is provided in the structure 11. The mounting mechanisms 15, 16, 19 are arranged at predetermined positions. At this time, the positions of the pilot hole 13, the flat washer 16, and the recess 19 are made to coincide (FIG. 1A).

  The tapping screw 15 is screwed into the prepared hole 13, and the stainless steel wire mesh 12 is attached to the structure surface 17. That is, the peeling prevention tool is attached to the structure by the present attachment mechanism. Further, the auxiliary mounting mechanism 10 is arranged at a predetermined position (FIG. 1B).

  The base plate 1 of the auxiliary fixture is attached to the structure surface 17 with an adhesive (not shown). Further, the hook-shaped bent plate 3 is formed by bending the half portions 7a and 7b of the auxiliary fixture. The folding plate 3 locks the flat portion 20 of the stainless steel wire mesh 12, so that the peeling prevention tool is attached to the structure by the auxiliary attachment mechanism (FIG. 1 (c)).

  A coating mortar 14 having a predetermined thickness is coated. The stainless steel wire mesh 12, the main attachment mechanisms 15 and 16, and the auxiliary attachment mechanism 10 are embedded in the covering mortar 14 (FIG. 1 (d)).

  In the figure, after the bent plate 3 is formed, it is covered at one time, but after the stainless steel wire mesh 12 is covered, the bent plate 3 is formed and further added to a predetermined thickness. May be coated. This method is preferable because an unfilled portion is difficult to be formed particularly when the coated mortar 14 is coated by a spraying method.

-Difference between this mounting mechanism and auxiliary mounting mechanism-
The present attachment mechanism and the auxiliary attachment mechanism differ as follows in terms of specific attachment means and attachment positions.

-Different attachment means The attachment mechanisms 13, 15, 16, and 19 are screw engagement and stainless steel wire mesh insertion, while the auxiliary attachment mechanisms 10 and 20 are bonded and locked with stainless steel wire mesh ( It is different in that it is a hanging support.

  By the way, there are several possible causes of the aging of the mounting mechanism. Examples include expansion and contraction of structures due to changes in temperature and humidity, chemical changes due to moisture and chemicals in the atmosphere, and fluctuating pressures and vibrations caused by vehicles passing through tunnels.

  Each measure with little influence can be taken corresponding to each deterioration factor. That is, it is possible to adopt one effective means for one factor. However, when that one means is adopted, it may not be effective for other factors.

  On the other hand, the factors of aging deterioration are specific to each individual, and are often understood only after aging. That is, it is difficult to predict the cause of aging from past cases. Therefore, it is difficult to select one specific attachment means.

  In the present embodiment, the specific attachment means is different between the main attachment mechanism and the auxiliary attachment mechanism. Thereby, even if this attachment mechanism deteriorates over time due to one factor, the auxiliary attachment mechanism does not deteriorate, and the covering material can be prevented from peeling off.

  That is, since the auxiliary attachment mechanism supports the stainless steel metal mesh 12 and the stainless steel metal mesh 12 supports the coated mortar, it is possible to reliably prevent the coated mortar from peeling off.

  Of course, even when the auxiliary mounting mechanism is deteriorated over time due to other factors, the mounting mechanism is not deteriorated, and the covering material can be reliably prevented from peeling off.

-Different attachment positions The attachment mechanisms 13, 15, 16, 19 are attached to the structure surface 17 at a position where the stainless steel wire mesh comes into contact, whereas the auxiliary attachment mechanisms 10, 20 are connected via the auxiliary attachment 10. The difference is that the stainless steel wire mesh is attached to the structure 11 at a spaced position.

  By the way, due to the shape of the concave portion 19 of the stainless steel wire mesh, there is no wire at the center of the coating layer in the corresponding portion, and the peeling prevention function is slightly weaker locally than in the portion corresponding to the flat portion 20. However, since the flat portion 20 occupies many portions of the stainless steel metal mesh 12, it is at a level with no problem (having a sufficient peeling prevention function as a whole) when judged from the entire covering structure. However, it is not preferable to increase the number of places where the peeling prevention function is slightly weak.

  In the present embodiment, the auxiliary attachment mechanisms 10 and 20 attach the stainless steel wire mesh to the structure surface 17 at a spaced position. Thereby, local fall prevention function fall can be prevented. Of course, by adding an auxiliary attachment mechanism, the peeling prevention function for the entire covering structure is remarkably improved.

  By the way, it is difficult to attach the stainless steel wire mesh to the structure surface 17 at a position where the stainless steel wire mesh is not supported because the attachment position is not stable.

  In the present embodiment, the auxiliary attachment mechanism is installed after the installation mechanism is installed. Since the stainless steel mesh is supported by the mounting mechanism, the mounting position is stable and the auxiliary mounting mechanism can be easily constructed.

Second Embodiment
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the auxiliary fixture 25 according to the second embodiment.

  The auxiliary fixture 25 is made of stainless steel, and a fixed portion 21 made of a flat plate (perforated flat plate) with a hole 24 and a flat plate 22 whose end portion is a hook-like portion (locking portion) 23 are joined at a right angle. Yes. This is a perforated gold fold produced by bending one end of a stainless steel thin flat plate into a hook shape and making one hole near the other end and then bending the flat plate at 90 °.

  The auxiliary fixture 25 can be used instead of the auxiliary fixture 10 in the first embodiment. When attaching the auxiliary fixture 25 to the structure surface 17, it may be adhered with an adhesive as in the first embodiment, but after nailing, scissors, screws or bolts are passed through the holes 24, it is struck and twisted. It may be attached to the structure surface 17 by tightening or tightening.

  On the other hand, it arrange | positions so that the hook-shaped part (locking | locking part) 23 may come directly under one wire of the stainless steel metal mesh 12. FIG. The stainless steel wire mesh 12 is attached to the structure 11 by the hook-shaped portion 23 locking the stainless steel wire mesh 12.

  More preferably, the one wire rod of the stainless steel wire mesh 12 is in contact with the hook-like portion (locking portion) 23 so that the one wire rod of the stainless steel wire mesh 12 is disposed in the hook-like portion (locking portion) 23. In this manner, the hook-like portion (locking portion) 23 is arranged directly below the one wire rod of the stainless steel wire mesh 12.

  The second embodiment has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, and the same effect can be obtained.

<Third Embodiment>
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the auxiliary fixture 30 according to the third embodiment.

  The auxiliary fixture 30 is a stainless steel gold fold. A fixing portion 26 made of a flat plate having a hole 29 (perforated flat plate) and a flat plate 27 having a hole 28 are joined at a right angle. After the holes 28 and 29 are opened in two places on the elongated stainless steel flat plate, the flat plate is bent at 90 ° for manufacturing.

  The auxiliary fixture 30 can be used instead of the auxiliary fixture 10 in the first embodiment. The method of attaching the auxiliary fixture 30 to the structure surface 17 is the same as in the first and second embodiments.

  Further, after passing a binding material such as a wire, a resin binding band, and a string through the hole 28 of the perforated flat plate 27, the wire rod of the flat portion 20 of the stainless steel wire mesh 12 is bound to the gold fold 30 with this binding material. The binding material, the metal fold 30 and the wire rod of the stainless steel wire mesh 12 constitute an auxiliary mounting mechanism.

  The third embodiment has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, and the same effect can be obtained.

<Supplement>
In this invention, an auxiliary | assistant attachment means prevents peeling via a stainless steel metal-mesh (peeling prevention tool).

  The inventor examined another means for directly preventing the covering material from peeling off as a means for solving the case where peeling of the covering material overlaps with deterioration of the mounting mechanism.

  However, none of the means can support the covering material evenly. As a result, a sufficient peeling prevention function was not obtained. The present invention has been made based on the above examination results.

  In the present invention, since the load of the covering material is transmitted to the auxiliary mounting means via the stainless steel wire mesh, the entire surface of the covering material can be supported uniformly.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied to a covering structure in which the surface of a structure made of concrete, metal, wood, stone, brick, or the like is covered with a covering mortar such as a fireproof covering mortar or an acid resistant mortar. Examples of the structure include a wooden house, a steel house, a concrete house, a tunnel, a tank, a water supply facility, a sewerage facility, a bridge pier, a viaduct, a reinforced concrete waterway, and the like.

1 Base plate (fixed part)
2 Standing plate 3 Bent plate (locking part)
4 hole 5a, 5b slit 6 plate 7 slit 7a, 7b half (locking part)
7c Round hole 8 Folding part
9 Rib 10 Auxiliary fitting 11 Structure 12 Stainless steel wire mesh (strip prevention material)
13 Pilot hole (non-through hole)
14 Lightweight coated mortar 15 Tapping screw (this mounting mechanism)
16 Flat washer (this mounting mechanism)
17 Structure surface 18 Mortar surface 19 Recess 20 Flat portion 21 Flat plate (fixed portion)
22 Flat plate 23 Hook (locking part)
24 hole 25 gold folding (auxiliary fitting)
26 Flat plate (fixed part)
27 Flat plate 28 hole (locking part)
29 hole 30 gold folding (auxiliary fitting)

Claims (4)

A structure,
A covering material for covering the structure;
A peeling prevention tool for preventing the covering material from peeling off from the structure,
A main attachment means for attaching the anti-stripping tool to the structure;
Auxiliary attachment means for attaching the anti-strip tool to the structure by means different from the main attachment means;
A covering structure characterized by comprising: The main attachment means is attached to the structure at a position where the peeling prevention tool abuts,
The covering structure according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary attaching means attaches the peeling prevention tool to the structure at a separated position. The main attachment means is one of means including screwing, fitting, fastening, embedding, locking, adhesion, pressure bonding, welding, welding, nailing, scissors, staples, or a combination of each means,
The auxiliary attachment means is different from the main attachment means among means including screwing, fitting, fastening, embedding, locking, adhesion, crimping, welding, welding, nailing, scissors, staples, or a combination of each means. The covering structure according to claim 1, wherein the covering structure is a means. It is a method of attaching a peeling prevention tool for preventing the covering material from peeling off from the structure,
Attach the anti-strip tool to the structure by this mounting means,
A method for attaching a peeling prevention device, wherein the peeling prevention device is attached to the structure by auxiliary attachment means different from the main attachment means.

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