JP2015114180A - Tool for treating radioactive contaminated water and method for treating radioactive contaminated water using the same - Google Patents
Tool for treating radioactive contaminated water and method for treating radioactive contaminated water using the same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、放射能汚染水の処理具とそれを使用した放射能汚染水の処理方法に係わり、更に詳しくは、直接人の手を介さず、離隔操作で、放射能汚染水を処理できる放射能汚染水の処理具とそれを使用した放射能汚染水の処理方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a treatment tool for radioactively contaminated water and a method for treating radioactively contaminated water using the same, and more particularly, radiation capable of treating radioactively contaminated water by a remote operation without direct human intervention. The present invention relates to a treatment tool for active contaminated water and a method for treating radioactive contaminated water using the same.
東京電力福島の原発事故現場では、大量の放射性液体廃棄物を収容した大型タンクが、場内に多数設置されている一方、他の原子力発電所では日常の一般作業で、少量ではあるが、場内随所で、機器ドレン廃液、床ドレン廃液、化学廃液、洗濯廃液等が排出され、日々蓄積され、それらは建屋内、タンク及びサブドレンピット等に貯蔵されている。 At the site of the nuclear accident at TEPCO Fukushima, a large number of large tanks containing a large amount of radioactive liquid waste are installed on the site, while at other nuclear power plants, it is a daily routine operation. Thus, equipment drain waste liquid, floor drain waste liquid, chemical waste liquid, laundry waste liquid and the like are discharged and accumulated daily, and these are stored in buildings, tanks, sub-drain pits, and the like.
これら場内随所で発生する小規模汚染水は、新聞紙、ウエス、スポンジ、クッキングペーパー等に吸収させて回収して、ドラム缶や樹脂製小型容器等の簡易容器に収納して一時保管し、適宜、焼却処分しているのが現状であるが、これら新聞紙、ウエス、スポンジ、クッキングペーパー等の材料では吸収できる絶対量が少ないために、汚染水を効率よく迅速に回収することが出来ず、しかも簡易容器に収納するまでの間に、吸収した汚染水がしたたり落ちて新たな二次汚染を引き起こす問題も起こしている。 Small-scale contaminated water generated everywhere in the site is absorbed and collected by newspaper, waste cloth, sponge, cooking paper, etc., stored in a simple container such as a drum can or a small plastic container, and then incinerated appropriately. At present, they are disposed of, but these materials such as newspapers, wastes, sponges, cooking papers, etc. cannot absorb the contaminated water efficiently and quickly because they can absorb only a small amount. There is also a problem that the contaminated water that has been absorbed is dripped or dropped, causing new secondary contamination.
また簡易容器に一時保管、仮置き保管された汚染水は、金属製容器の腐食が原因で漏水事故も発生している。またコンクリート製の容器でも、地震による漏水事故が危惧されており、容器の保管、管理費用が多額なものになっているのが実情である。
また更に、保管したこれらの汚染水は、更に何工程かを経て最終処分に至るが、各工程で容器から取出す作業もあり、この際、汚染水が飛散したり、したたり落ちたりする事故もあり、現場作業者には極めて危険な作業となっている。
Contaminated water that has been temporarily and temporarily stored in a simple container has also caused a water leakage accident due to corrosion of the metal container. Even concrete containers are worried about water leaks due to earthquakes, and the storage and management costs of containers are high.
In addition, these stored contaminated waters go through several steps to final disposal, but there are also work to remove them from the containers in each process, and at this time, there are also accidents in which the contaminated water scatters or drops. Yes, it is extremely dangerous for field workers.
また放射性汚染水、洗浄水の浄化、濾過は、ゼオライトやプルシアンブルー、ホウ素化合物等を活用して放射性物質の吸着、凝集、沈殿分離や濾過分離等で行われているが、濾過や洗浄で発生する濃縮汚染水は作業員が迂闊に近寄れず、触れず、近寄ることなく、簡単に処理できない問題がある。 In addition, purification and filtration of radioactive polluted water and washing water are performed by adsorption, aggregation, precipitation separation, filtration separation, etc. of radioactive substances using zeolite, Prussian blue, boron compounds, etc., but they occur during filtration and washing. Concentrated contaminated water cannot be easily treated without the workers approaching, touching or approaching the detour.
今後の事故対策作業では、これら小規模の放射性汚染水の収集、運搬が各所で発生し現場作業の困難が予測されている。
そのためには、安全、簡便、迅速、かつハンドリング性の良い、汚染水の回収、運搬、保管、最終処理方法が必要とされる。特に高濃度汚染水にあっては、作業員が近寄ることなく、離れた場所から安全かつ簡便に処理することが絶対条件である。
In the future accident countermeasure work, collection and transportation of these small-scale radioactive polluted water will occur in various places, and it is predicted that field work will be difficult.
For this purpose, there is a need for a method for recovering, transporting, storing and finalizing contaminated water that is safe, simple, quick, and easy to handle. In particular, in the case of highly-concentrated contaminated water, it is an absolute condition that the worker can safely and easily treat it from a remote place without approaching.
放射能汚染水の処理に関する公知文献としては特許文献1、特許文献2が存在する。
特許文献1は、汚染水に含まれる放射性物質を除去する方法の発明である。
特許文献2の発明は、汚染水の除染処理に関する発明である。
これら2件の発明は、いずれも大量に発生した汚染水の除染に関わる発明であり、前記した問題点の解決を示唆する文献は存在しないのが現状である。
There are Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 as publicly known literature relating to the treatment of radioactively contaminated water.
Patent Document 1 is an invention of a method for removing radioactive substances contained in contaminated water.
The invention of Patent Document 2 is an invention related to the decontamination treatment of contaminated water.
Both of these two inventions are inventions related to decontamination of a large amount of contaminated water, and there is currently no literature suggesting a solution to the above-mentioned problems.
本発明はかかる問題を解決するためになされたもので、その第一の目的は、放射能汚染水を焼却処分等の最終処分に至るまで、汚染水を外にまき散らすことなく、また漏水を発生させることも無く、安全、確実、かつ簡便に、放射能汚染水を回収、搬送、および保管、および焼却処理するための放射能汚染水の処理具と処理方法を提供することである。また第二の目的は、作業者が直接放射能汚染水に触ることなく、離れた場所から効率よく、安全、迅速、処理するための放射能汚染水の処理具と処理方法を提供することである。 The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and its primary purpose is to generate leaked water without scattering the contaminated water to the final disposal such as incineration. It is intended to provide a treatment tool and a treatment method for radioactively contaminated water for recovering, transporting, storing, and incinerating radioactively contaminated water safely, reliably, and simply. The second purpose is to provide a treatment tool and a treatment method for radioactively contaminated water that allows an operator to efficiently, safely, quickly, and treat the radioactively contaminated water from a remote location without directly touching the radioactively contaminated water. is there.
本発明者は前記課題を解決するために鋭意研究を行った結果、下記の知見を得るに至った。 As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have obtained the following knowledge.
すなわち吸水性樹脂に放射能汚染水を吸収させた時、吸収された汚染水はゲル化するために、吊下げても、水のようにしたたり落ちることも無く、加圧しても外に染み出ることが無く、また高温の焼却炉に直接投入しても、水蒸気爆発が発生して、汚染水を周囲環境に飛散させることも無く焼却できることに着目して、吸水性樹脂のこの性質を利用すれば、放射能汚染水を安全、確実、かつ簡便に、回収、運搬、移し替え、保管および焼却できることに思い至り、本発明に至ったものである。 In other words, when radioactively contaminated water is absorbed by the water-absorbent resin, the absorbed contaminated water gels, so it does not hang or become like water or falls, and even if pressurized, it will stain outside. Using this property of the water-absorbent resin, paying attention to the fact that even if it is put out directly into a high-temperature incinerator, a steam explosion occurs and the contaminated water can be incinerated without scattering to the surrounding environment. Then, it came to mind that radioactively contaminated water can be collected, transported, transferred, stored and incinerated safely, reliably and simply, and the present invention has been achieved.
本発明の課題を解決することが出来る放射能汚染水の処理具は下記の構成からなる。
すなわち、本発明放射能汚染水処理用具は、放射能汚染水から離れた場所から離隔操作で当該汚染水を吸収して回収して、移送あるいは保管に使用する放射能汚染水処理用具であって、透水性袋体の中に吸水性樹脂を収納してなる構造で、当該吸水性樹脂で放射能汚染水を吸収して、当該汚染水をゲル化した状態で回収、移送、あるいは保管、あるいは更に、焼却炉に投入することを特徴とするもので、これによって当該汚染水を外にまき散らすことなく安全に回収、運搬、あるいは保管することが出来る。また更に、安全に焼却処理できる。
A treatment tool for radioactively contaminated water that can solve the problems of the present invention has the following configuration.
That is, the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool of the present invention is a radioactively contaminated water treatment tool that is used for transportation or storage by absorbing and recovering the contaminated water from a place away from the radioactively contaminated water. The water-permeable resin is stored in a water-permeable bag body, and the water-absorbent resin absorbs radioactively contaminated water and is collected, transported or stored in a gelled state. Furthermore, it is characterized in that it is put into an incinerator, whereby the contaminated water can be safely recovered, transported or stored without being scattered outside. Furthermore, it can be safely incinerated.
前記離隔操作の機構は、アームの先端部に取付けた引掛け具を、前記透水性袋体に形成した持手に差込んで、引掛けて吊上げ、および差込んだ引掛け具を前記持手から外して前記アームから取り外す機構であって、当該引掛け具の差込み、取外しとアームの操作を放射能汚染水から離れた場所から行う機構が、本発明の目的のためには、最も簡便で好適である。
これによって、放射性汚染水を直接さわることなく、離れた安全な場所から、前記放射能汚染水処理用具の取出し、運搬、容器収納、仮置き一時保管、焼却炉投入等の作業を遠隔操作で簡単に行うことが出来る。
The separation operation mechanism is configured such that a hook attached to the tip of an arm is inserted into a handle formed on the water-permeable bag body, and the hook is lifted and hooked. A mechanism that removes the hook from the arm and removes the hook from the place away from the radioactively contaminated water is the most convenient for the purpose of the present invention. Is preferred.
As a result, operations such as removal, transportation, storage of containers, temporary storage, temporary storage of incinerators, etc. can be easily performed remotely from a safe place without touching radioactive contaminated water directly. Can be done.
前記持手の形成に特別に制約はなく、たとえば前記透水性袋体の一部に、直接、前記引掛け具を差込む孔を明けてシート状の持手を形成してもよいし、あるいは紐あるいは帯の両端を透水性袋体に固定して、紐状、帯状の持手を形成してもよいし、あるいはリング状の紐、帯を透水性袋体に固定してリング状持手を形成しても良いし、少なくとも引掛け具を差込んで吊上げに耐える強度を持つものであればいかなる形状、構造でもよい。 There is no particular restriction on the formation of the handle, for example, a sheet-like handle may be formed by opening a hole into which the hooking tool is inserted directly in a part of the water-permeable bag, or A string-like or band-like handle may be formed by fixing both ends of the string or band to the water-permeable bag, or a ring-shaped handle having a ring-like string or band fixed to the water-permeable bag. May be formed, and any shape and structure may be used as long as it has strength enough to withstand lifting by inserting a hook.
持手の材料は、焼却炉に投入して燃焼できるものが必要で、ナイロン、ポリエステル、ポリエチレン、ビニロン、クレモナ等の化学繊維、マニラ、木綿、ジュート、パーム、サイザル、ヘンプロープ等の天然繊維系の材料が好適である。 The material of the handle must be one that can be burned in an incinerator. Chemical fibers such as nylon, polyester, polyethylene, vinylon, cremona, etc., natural fibers such as manila, cotton, jute, palm, sisal, hemp rope, etc. These materials are preferred.
前記放射能汚染水処理用具の透水性袋体は、それ自体が透水性である不織布や織布等の他に、ビニール等の非透水性シートに多数の小穴を設けて通水できるようにした構造でもよい。
不織布は、ポリプロピレン、ポリエステル、ポリオレフィン、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリアミド等のスパンボンド法、水流交絡法等により製造したもの等を好適に使用できる。
織布は、ビスコース法レーヨン等の再生繊維、酢酸セルロース繊維等の半合成繊維、ポリ
アミド、ポリエステル、アクリル等の合成繊維を素材として製造したもの等を好適に使用できる。
The water-permeable bag body of the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool is provided with a large number of small holes in a water-impermeable sheet such as vinyl in addition to a non-woven fabric and a woven fabric which are water permeable per se. It may be a structure.
As the nonwoven fabric, those produced by a spunbond method such as polypropylene, polyester, polyolefin, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyamide, a hydroentanglement method, and the like can be suitably used.
As the woven fabric, it is possible to suitably use a fiber made of recycled fibers such as viscose rayon, semi-synthetic fibers such as cellulose acetate fibers, and synthetic fibers such as polyamide, polyester, and acrylic.
透水性袋体は、長期保存のためには、必要に応じて、吸水樹脂の紫外線劣化(分子崩壊)を防御するために耐紫外線加工することも有効である。 For long-term storage of the water-permeable bag, it is also effective to carry out UV resistance processing to prevent UV degradation (molecular collapse) of the water-absorbing resin, if necessary.
吸水性樹脂は、カルボキシル基、水酸基、エーテル基、アミド基等の親水性の官能基を有する高分子であり、澱粉にアクリル酸塩をグラフト重合させた澱粉系、カルボキシセルロースにアクリル酸塩をグラフト重合させたセルロース系、アクリル酸・ビニルアルコール共重合体、アクリル酸重合体、アクリル酸・アクリルアミド重合体、ポリエチレンオキサイド変性物等の合成系のものが適時使用できるが、前記透水性袋と同じく、使用後の後処理が容易な、加熱焼却、溶融されやすいことが必要であるので、熱可塑性樹脂系の材料が最も好適に使用できる。また吸水性樹脂の使用形態は、微粉体、シート、顆粒、繊維、あるいはペレット状に加工して使用できる。 The water-absorbent resin is a polymer having a hydrophilic functional group such as a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, an ether group, an amide group, etc., and is a starch type obtained by graft polymerization of acrylate on starch, and acrylate is grafted on carboxycellulose. Synthetic systems such as polymerized cellulose, acrylic acid / vinyl alcohol copolymer, acrylic acid polymer, acrylic acid / acrylamide polymer, and modified polyethylene oxide can be used in a timely manner. Since it is necessary to be easily incinerated and melted easily after use, thermoplastic resin-based materials can be most suitably used. Moreover, the usage form of a water absorbing resin can be processed and used for a fine powder, a sheet | seat, a granule, a fiber, or a pellet form.
本発明の放射能汚染水処理用具は、吸水前は扁平であるが、吸水後、体積比で10〜20倍に膨張して、立体的な厚みのある構造に変化する。小さな体積の吸水樹脂で多量の水を効率よく回収できる。
吸収された汚染水はゲル化しており、水が外に流れ出ることも無く、また加圧しても水のしみだしは起こらない。一旦ゲル化したものは、安全に運搬、保管、焼却炉投入ができる。
The radioactively contaminated water treatment tool of the present invention is flat before water absorption, but expands 10 to 20 times in volume ratio after water absorption and changes to a three-dimensionally thick structure. A large amount of water can be efficiently recovered with a small volume of water-absorbing resin.
The absorbed contaminated water is gelled, so that the water does not flow out and no oozing occurs even when pressurized. Once gelled, it can be safely transported, stored, and put into an incinerator.
また前記離隔操作の機構として、前記放射能汚染水処理用具を磁気吸着性にして、アームの先端部に取付けた電磁石のスイッチをONにして、電磁力で前記放射能汚染水処理用具を吸引して吊上げ、および電磁石のスイッチをOFFにして吸引した前記放射能汚染水処理用具を離して、前記アームから取り外す機構であって、前記放射能汚染水処理用具の吸着、取外しとアームの操作を放射能汚染水から離れた場所から行う機構も、本発明の目的のためには、最も簡便で好適な機構である。これによって放射性汚染水を直接さわることなく、離れた安全な場所から、前記放射能汚染水処理用具の取出し、運搬、容器収納、仮置き一時保管、焼却炉投入等の作業を遠隔操作で簡単に行うことが出来る。 Also, as the separation operation mechanism, the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool is made magnetically adsorbable, the electromagnet attached to the tip of the arm is turned on, and the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool is attracted by electromagnetic force. Lifting and releasing the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool sucked by turning off the electromagnet switch, and removing it from the arm, which radiates the adsorption, removal and operation of the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool A mechanism performed from a place away from the contaminated water is also the most convenient and preferable mechanism for the purpose of the present invention. This makes it easy to remotely perform operations such as taking out, transporting, storing containers, temporarily storing temporary storage, and putting in an incinerator from a remote, safe place without directly touching radioactive contaminated water. Can be done.
前記放射能汚染水処理用具を磁気吸着性にするためには、フェライトや磁性金属等の磁性材料の粉末を前記放射能汚染水処理用具の吸水性樹脂あるいは透水性袋体の中に混合する方法、あるいは透水性袋体の表面に塗布、コーティング、あるいは磁性体のシートを貼着する等の方法が好適である。 In order to make the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool magnetically adsorbable, a method of mixing a powder of a magnetic material such as ferrite or magnetic metal into the water-absorbent resin or the water-permeable bag of the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool Alternatively, a method such as coating, coating, or sticking a magnetic sheet on the surface of the water-permeable bag is suitable.
本発明の水を吸収した吸水性樹脂は、ゲル化した水の塊であり、焼却炉に投入することは、焼却炉に水の塊を投入して急冷することを意味する。
焼却炉は、急激に蒸発潜熱を奪われて炉内の温度が急激に低下して、炉の連続操業に支障が生ずる。
従って、その弊害をなくすために放射能汚染水処理用具は小型化することが好ましい。
焼却炉の発熱容量との兼ね合いもあるが、吸水樹脂の吸水量の制御(吸水前5g〜20g好ましくは10g、吸水後20〜400g好ましくは120gが好適)を行い、焼却炉投入時の温度低下を生じないように計量することが好ましい。また汚染水には海水が含まれており、塩化物で加熱炉の耐火煉瓦が損傷されるので、一度に多量の塩化物を発生させないために、吸水体は小型化することが好ましい。
The water-absorbing resin that has absorbed the water of the present invention is a gelled water mass, and charging it into an incinerator means that the water mass is charged into the incinerator and rapidly cooled.
In the incinerator, the latent heat of evaporation is rapidly deprived and the temperature in the furnace rapidly decreases, which hinders continuous operation of the furnace.
Therefore, it is preferable to reduce the size of the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool in order to eliminate the harmful effects.
Although there is a balance with the heat generation capacity of the incinerator, the water absorption amount of the water-absorbing resin is controlled (5 g to 20 g, preferably 10 g before water absorption, 20 to 400 g, preferably 120 g after water absorption), and the temperature is lowered when the incinerator is charged. It is preferable to measure so as not to cause In addition, since the contaminated water contains seawater and the refractory bricks of the heating furnace are damaged by chloride, it is preferable to reduce the size of the water absorber so as not to generate a large amount of chloride at once.
焼却炉の温度低下を抑制するためには、前記放射能汚染水処理用具の中に、焼却時の蒸発潜熱補償と焼却炉の設定温度まで昇温させるに必要な熱量を補償できる固形燃料を加えることが有効である。
固形燃料としては、石炭粉、粉末固形油、石油由来や自然由来のバイオ系の燃焼物、あるいは金属の酸化反応を利用するたとえばテルミット剤等の発熱反応剤も有効であるが、最も好ましい燃料は、燃焼消失して固形残渣を出さない固形燃料である。固形残渣は、固形の放射能汚染物質が残ることになる。
In order to suppress the temperature drop of the incinerator, solid fuel capable of compensating for the latent heat of vaporization during incineration and the amount of heat required to raise the temperature to the set temperature of the incinerator is added to the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool. It is effective.
As the solid fuel, coal powder, powdered solid oil, petroleum-derived or naturally-derived bio-based combustion products, or exothermic reactants such as thermite agent using metal oxidation reaction are also effective, but the most preferable fuel is It is a solid fuel that burns away and does not give a solid residue. Solid residues will leave solid radioactive contaminants.
本発明放射能汚染水処理用具が最も威力を発揮するのは、小さな汚染水のプール、あるいは随所に散在する水たまりからの汚染水の回収である。
前記した本発明放射能汚染水処理用具は、全ての場合において、放射能汚染水の回収から始まる。
吸水性樹脂に吸水させて回収した汚染水はゲル化しており、ゲル化状態が保存されている限り、外に汚染水が染み出ることも無く、また圧力が付加されても、汚染水が染み出ることも無く、安全に取り扱いが出来る。
本発明放射能汚染水処理用具を使用した汚染水の回収処理、搬送処理を利用する汚染水の諸々の処理方法は、全て本発明に包含される。
本発明の放射能汚染水処理用具を使用すると、汚染水回収後、保管容器に収納して安全に保管できる。
The radioactive contaminated water treatment device of the present invention is most effective in collecting contaminated water from a small pool of contaminated water or from puddles scattered everywhere.
The aforementioned radioactively contaminated water treatment tool of the present invention starts with recovery of radioactively contaminated water in all cases.
The contaminated water collected by absorbing water into the water-absorbent resin is gelled, so that the contaminated water does not bleed out as long as the gelled state is preserved. It does not come out and can be handled safely.
All treatment methods of contaminated water using recovery processing and conveyance processing of contaminated water using the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool of the present invention are included in the present invention.
When the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool of the present invention is used, it can be stored safely in a storage container after the contaminated water is collected.
本発明の放射能汚染水処理用具は、自然乾燥等で吸水性樹脂の架橋構造を破壊せずに脱水した場合、再び吸水性樹脂として再利用できるので、最終処理を焼却でなく別の処理に供することも可能であり、そのための搬送、保管を安全に行うことが出来る。 The radioactively contaminated water treatment tool of the present invention can be reused again as a water absorbent resin when dehydrated without destroying the crosslinked structure of the water absorbent resin by natural drying or the like, so that the final treatment is not incineration but another treatment. It can also be provided, and can be transported and stored safely.
汚染水を吸収してゲル化した本発明放射能汚染水処理用具の保管容器(コンテナバッグ)として下記の構造が好適である。 The following structure is suitable as a storage container (container bag) for the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool of the present invention that has gelled by absorbing contaminated water.
すなわち、本発明に好適なコンテナバッグは、外袋と内袋の二重袋構造で、内、外の袋はいずれも柔軟素材で構成され、使用前は薄く、小さく、畳むことができる構造で、軽量で、収納に場所を取らない利点がある。
吸水した放射能汚染水処理用具は、この内袋の中に収納されることになる。
外袋の素材は、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエステル等のベース素材に耐紫外線加工された素材を用い、内袋は、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエステル、ポリオレフィン、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリアミド、アクリル等の耐久性や耐切創性のある合成繊維を素材とし、鋭利な瓦礫等の混入物から保護するために、あるいは収納中、移動中、保管中に外部からの破壊応力を吸収して保護するために、内袋の内外両面をクッション材で挟んだ構造が好適である。
内袋の開口側、つまり吸水した放射能汚染水処理用具を入れる開口側は、開け閉め自在なチャック封止出来る構造が好適である。この気密封止構造によって、不測の事故で収納した吸水体の中のゲル化した汚染水が周囲環境への飛散と自然蒸発を防止することが出来、長期間の一時保管を可能にする。
コンテナバッグ外袋の外側には搬送用吊りベルトを取付け、吊りベルトを遠隔操作で吊り上げて次の工程に搬送する。
In other words, the container bag suitable for the present invention has a double bag structure of an outer bag and an inner bag, and both the inner and outer bags are made of a flexible material, and are thin, small, and foldable before use. It is lightweight, and has the advantage of saving space.
The radioactively contaminated water treatment tool that has absorbed water is stored in the inner bag.
The outer bag is made of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester and other base materials that are UV-resistant. The inner bag is made of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyolefin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyamide, acrylic, etc. In order to protect against contaminants such as sharp rubble, etc., or to absorb and protect external damage stress during storage, transportation and storage A structure in which both surfaces are sandwiched between cushion materials is suitable.
The opening side of the inner bag, that is, the opening side into which the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool that has absorbed water is inserted, is preferably configured to be able to open and close the chuck. With this hermetic sealing structure, the gelled contaminated water in the water absorbing body stored in an unexpected accident can be prevented from scattering to the surrounding environment and natural evaporation, and can be stored for a long time.
A suspension belt for transportation is attached to the outside of the outer bag of the container bag, and the suspension belt is lifted by remote control and transported to the next process.
また前記コンテナバッグは、外袋あるいは内袋の内外面のいずれか、最も好ましくは外袋の内面に、放射能遮蔽材の層を設けて、吸水層に吸水された汚染水から放出される放射能を遮蔽あるいは低減させる構造が好ましい。 The container bag is provided with a radiation shielding material layer on either the outer bag or the inner and outer surfaces of the inner bag, most preferably the inner surface of the outer bag, and radiation emitted from contaminated water absorbed by the water absorbing layer. A structure that shields or reduces the performance is preferable.
放射能遮蔽材の層は放射能遮蔽効果のある硫酸バリウムをコーティングしたり、あるいはタングステンの粉末をコーティングすることで形成できる。 The layer of the radiation shielding material can be formed by coating with barium sulfate having a radiation shielding effect or by coating with tungsten powder.
本発明は下記の効果を有する。
1 放射能汚染水を吸収した本発明放射能汚染水処理用具から汚染水の染み出しがないので汚染水の回収、運搬、仮置き一時保管、投入、焼却の対策作業が安全にできる。
2 吸水ゲル化した本発明放射能汚染水処理用具に紐、帯状等の簡単な持手を取付け、簡易治具で引っ掛け安全な距離から取り出し、搬送が容易にできる。
3 電磁力により吸着、取り出し、運搬が、直接さわることなく離隔して安全にできる。
4 汚染水専用焼却炉の温度を低下させることなく、高温を維持して安定焼却できる。
5 海水を含む汚染水でも、焼却炉の耐火煉瓦を損傷させることなく焼却できる。
6 本発明放射能汚染水処理用具に可燃物を添加することで、高温安定焼却を維持ができる。
7 仮置き一時保管において、柔軟性容器で、使用前はたたんで収納できるので、保管に必要な場所をあまり必要としない。また剛性容器に比し地震等の衝撃損壊がない。
8 ゲル状で保管のため、液体の状態で保管する場合に比して、漏水の恐れがない。
9 コンテナバッグは、開け閉め自在なチャック封止出来るので、放射能汚染物の周囲環境への飛散を防止できる。また吸水ゲル水分の自然蒸発を抑えてゲル状態を長期間保持できる。
10 コンテナバッグは、放射線低減膜材を内面にコーティングしているので、汚染水の放射線を低減化して近接で安全に取り扱うことができる。
11 コンテナバッグに収納した吸水体は適時必要量だけ簡易に取り出し、適時焼却できる。
12 内袋の内外両面にクッション材をはさんだサンドイッチ構造により耐切創性が高い。
13 外袋の耐紫外線加工で、吸水樹脂の紫外線劣化を防御し、長期間吸水ゲル状態を持続できる。
The present invention has the following effects.
1 Since there is no leakage of contaminated water from the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool of the present invention that has absorbed radioactively contaminated water, it is possible to safely take measures to recover, transport, temporarily store, throw in, and incinerate contaminated water.
2 A simple handle such as a string or band can be attached to the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool of the present invention that has absorbed water, and it can be easily picked up from a safe distance by being hooked with a simple jig.
3 Adsorption, removal and transportation by electromagnetic force can be done safely without being touched directly.
4. Stable incineration can be maintained at a high temperature without reducing the temperature of the dedicated incinerator for contaminated water.
5 Contaminated water including seawater can be incinerated without damaging the refractory bricks of the incinerator.
6 High temperature stable incineration can be maintained by adding a combustible material to the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool of the present invention.
7 Temporary storage Temporary storage is a flexible container that can be folded and stored before use, so it does not require much space for storage. In addition, there is no impact damage such as earthquake compared to rigid containers.
8 Because it is stored in a gel state, there is no risk of water leakage compared to storage in a liquid state.
9 Since the container bag can be opened and closed with a chuck, the radioactive contamination can be prevented from scattering to the surrounding environment. In addition, the gel state can be maintained for a long time by suppressing the natural evaporation of the water-absorbing gel moisture.
10 Since the container bag is coated with the radiation reducing film material on the inner surface, the radiation of the contaminated water can be reduced and handled safely in the vicinity.
11 The water absorbent housed in the container bag can be easily taken out at the necessary time and incinerated at the appropriate time.
12 High cut resistance due to sandwich structure with cushion material sandwiched on both inside and outside of the inner bag.
13 UV-resistant processing of the outer bag protects against UV degradation of the water-absorbing resin and can maintain the water-absorbing gel state for a long time.
本発明を図面で説明する。
図1〜8は、本発明放射能汚染水処理用具の説明図、図9は、本発明コンテナバッグの説明
図である。
図1は、本発明放射能汚染水処理用具の持手の構造と吸水前、吸水後の膨張状態を説明す
る図である。
図2〜5は、本発明放射能汚染水処理用具を吊上げる時の持手の構造を説明する図である。
図6は、本発明放射能汚染水処理用具を磁気吸着性にした時の構造を説明する図である。
図7は、本発明放射能汚染水処理用具を磁気吸着性にした時の吸水前の状態を説明する図
である。
図8は、図7の吸水後の膨張状態を説明する図である。
The present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1-8 is explanatory drawing of this radioactive contamination water processing tool, FIG. 9 is explanatory drawing of this invention container bag.
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the structure of the handle of the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool of the present invention and the expanded state before water absorption and after water absorption.
2-5 is a figure explaining the structure of the handle when lifting the radioactive contamination water treatment tool of this invention.
FIG. 6 is a view for explaining the structure when the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool of the present invention is made magnetically adsorptive.
FIG. 7 is a view for explaining a state before water absorption when the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool of the present invention is made magnetic adsorbent.
FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining an expanded state after water absorption in FIG.
図1で、本発明放射能汚染水処理用具は、透水性袋体2の中に吸水性樹脂3が収納された構造になっている。
放射能汚染水は、透水性袋体2を通過して吸水性樹脂3に吸収される。
吸水性樹脂3は、吸水前は1から2mm程度の厚さのものが、自重の約10〜20倍の水を吸収して、厚さが30〜40mm程度まで膨張する。
吸収された汚染水は吸水性樹脂と結合してゲル化しており、吸水体から水滴がしたたり落
ちることはなく、また吸水膨張した吸水性樹脂に多少の圧力を加えても汚染水が外に染み出ることは無く、また多段に積み重ねても下段の吸水性樹脂から汚染水が染み出ることも無い。
In FIG. 1, the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool of the present invention has a structure in which a water absorbent resin 3 is housed in a water permeable bag 2.
The radioactively contaminated water passes through the water permeable bag 2 and is absorbed by the water absorbent resin 3.
The water-absorbing resin 3 having a thickness of about 1 to 2 mm before water absorption absorbs water about 10 to 20 times its own weight and expands to a thickness of about 30 to 40 mm.
The absorbed contaminated water is gelled by combining with the water-absorbent resin, so that water droplets do not drip or fall from the water-absorbent body, and even if some pressure is applied to the water-absorbed water-absorbent resin, the contaminated water will not come out. It does not ooze out, and contaminated water does not ooze out from the lower water-absorbent resin even when stacked in multiple stages.
吸水膨張後のゲル化した汚染水は袋外に漏水せず、運搬容器への収納や保管、取り出し作業で、汚染水が外に染み出ることはなく、また焼却炉へ直接投下しても、水蒸気爆発することはなく、安全に作業を行うことが出来る。 Contaminated water that has gelled after water absorption does not leak outside the bag, and the storage, storage, and removal of the container do not allow the contaminated water to bleed out, and even if it is dropped directly into the incinerator, There is no steam explosion, and work can be done safely.
本発明放射能汚染水処理用具は、最終的には焼却炉に投入して焼却する。
ゲル化した本発明放射能汚染水処理用具を焼却炉に投入するとき、焼却炉の温度が急激に
低下しないように、本発明放射能汚染水処理用具は、小型化され、吸水前5g〜20g好ましくは10g、吸水後20〜400g好ましくは120gになるように大きさを調整されている。
また汚染水には海水が含まれており、塩化物で加熱炉の耐火煉瓦が損傷されるので、一度に多量の塩化物を発生させないために、本発明放射能汚染水処理用具は小型化されている。
The radioactively contaminated water treatment tool of the present invention is finally put into an incinerator and incinerated.
In order to prevent the temperature of the incinerator from drastically lowering when the gelatinized radioactive contaminated water treatment tool of the present invention is introduced into the incinerator, the radioactive contaminated water treatment tool of the present invention is reduced in size to 5 g to 20 g before water absorption. The size is preferably adjusted to 10 g and 20 to 400 g, preferably 120 g after water absorption.
In addition, the contaminated water contains seawater, and since the refractory bricks of the heating furnace are damaged by chlorides, the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool of the present invention is miniaturized in order not to generate a large amount of chlorides at once. ing.
焼却炉の温度低下を抑制するためには、焼却炉の焼却温度、炉の加熱容量等に鑑みて、必要に応じて、前記吸水体の中に、焼却時の蒸発潜熱と焼却温度まで昇温させるのに必要な熱量を補償するために固形燃料が添加される。固形燃料としては、石炭粉、粉末固形油、石油由来や自然由来のバイオ系の燃焼物、或いは金属の酸化反応を利用するたとえばテルミット剤等の発熱反応剤が添加される。最も好ましいのは燃焼、ガス化して消失する固形燃料が好ましい。たとえば樹脂系燃料が好適である。 In order to suppress the temperature drop of the incinerator, in consideration of the incineration temperature of the incinerator, the heating capacity of the furnace, etc., if necessary, raise the temperature to the latent heat of evaporation and the incineration temperature in the water absorber. Solid fuel is added to compensate for the amount of heat required to make it. As the solid fuel, coal powder, powdered solid oil, petroleum-derived or naturally-derived bio-based combustion products, or an exothermic reactant such as a thermite agent using a metal oxidation reaction is added. Most preferred is a solid fuel that disappears upon combustion and gasification. For example, a resin fuel is suitable.
なお本発明吸水体は、ゲル化した汚染水は、放射性物質の外への染み出しが無いので、必要に応じて自然乾燥あるいは強制乾燥して脱水して焼却炉に投入しても良い。水分だけ選択的に蒸発させて急速脱水させる方法として、マイクロ波又はマイクロ波と真空の組み合わせを利用した加熱が効率的である。 In the water-absorbing body of the present invention, the gelled contaminated water does not exude to the outside of the radioactive substance, so that it may be dehydrated by natural drying or forced drying, if necessary, and put into an incinerator. As a method of selectively evaporating only moisture and rapidly dehydrating, heating using microwaves or a combination of microwaves and vacuum is efficient.
図1〜5は、本発明放射能汚染水処理用具を、離れた場所から離隔操作で吊上げるための持手の構造の説明図である。
図1の持手は、紐の両端をそれぞれ透水性袋体2の二つの孔に差し込んで、それぞれ孔から抜けないように端を結んで紐状持手4を形成したものである。
図2は、透水性袋体2の一つの孔に紐の両端を差込んで、孔から抜けないように両端を結んで紐状持手4を形成したものである。
(A)は紐状持手4が一つの場合、(B)は二つの場合である。
図3は対角線の位置の二つの孔に差し込む場合で、(A)は紐状持手4が一つの場合、(B)は二つの場合である。
図4は、透水性袋体2に直接孔を明けてシート状持手5を形成した場合であり、(A)、(B)は孔の形状と大きさが異なる場合の説明図である。
図5は、透水性袋体2の一つの孔に、抜けないようにリングを嵌め込んでリング状持手6を形成したものである。
FIGS. 1-5 is explanatory drawing of the structure of the handle for lifting the radioactive contamination water treatment tool of this invention from the distant place by separation operation.
The handle shown in FIG. 1 has a string-like handle 4 formed by inserting both ends of a string into two holes of the water-permeable bag 2 and connecting the ends so as not to come out of the holes.
FIG. 2 shows an example in which a string-like handle 4 is formed by inserting both ends of a string into one hole of the water-permeable bag body 2 and connecting both ends so as not to come out of the hole.
(A) is a case where the string-like handle 4 is one, and (B) is a case where there are two.
3A and 3B show a case of inserting into two holes at diagonal positions. FIG. 3A shows a case where there is one string-like handle 4 and FIG. 3B shows a case where there are two.
FIG. 4 shows a case where a sheet-shaped
FIG. 5 shows a ring-shaped handle 6 formed by fitting a ring into one hole of the water-permeable bag 2 so as not to come off.
図1〜6で説明した持手に引掛けて本発明放射能汚染水処理用具を吊上げて離隔操作するためのアームと引掛け機構の構造は、本発明の目的のためには、たとえば汚染水から安全距離以上の長さのアームの先に、先の曲がった鉤状の引掛け機構図15、図16を取付けた構造が好適である。 The structure of the arm and the hooking mechanism for lifting and separating the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool of the present invention by hooking it on the handle described with reference to FIGS. A structure in which a hooked hook-shaped hooking mechanism shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 is attached to the tip of an arm having a length equal to or longer than the safety distance is preferable.
図6は本発明放射能汚染水処理用具を磁気吸着性にするための構造を説明する図であり、(A)は、フェライト粉、鉄粉等の粉末状磁性感材料7を吸水樹脂3に混ぜ込んで磁気吸着性にしたものである。(B)は、磁性感材料のシート8を張りつけて磁気吸着性にしたものである。
図7は、図6の(A)の構造の吸水前の断面構造を説明する図である。図8は、図6の(A)の構造の吸水、膨張後の断面構造を説明する図である。
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a structure for making the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool of the present invention magnetically adsorbable. FIG. 6A shows a powdered magnetic sensitive material 7 such as ferrite powder or iron powder in the water absorbent resin 3. It is mixed and made magnetic adsorbent. (B) is one in which a magnetically sensitive material sheet 8 is attached to make it magnetically adsorbable.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a cross-sectional structure of the structure of FIG. 6A before water absorption. FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a cross-sectional structure after water absorption and expansion of the structure of FIG.
図9は、本発明コンテナバッグの説明図である。
コンテナバッグ11は、内袋9、外袋16の二重袋構造で、内袋9の内面には内側クッ
ション材13が、外面には、外側クッション材14が張られている。
内袋9の開口側には、開け閉め自在のチャック12がついており、内袋に収容した、吸水した放射能汚染水処理用具が突発事故で周囲環境に飛び出さないように、又吸水した放射能汚染水処理用具から水分の蒸発を抑制する構造になっている。
外袋16にも開け閉め自在のチャック12がついている。
外袋16の内面全体に、硫酸バリウム等の放射能低減膜材15がコーティングされてり、外袋16のチャック12を閉じた時には、外袋の内面全体が放射能低減膜材15で密閉された構造になり、内袋9に収容した、汚染水を吸水した放射能汚染水処理用具からの放射能を遮蔽する構造になっている。
FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of the container bag of the present invention.
The container bag 11 has a double bag structure of an inner bag 9 and an outer bag 16, and an inner cushion material 13 is stretched on the inner surface of the inner bag 9, and an outer cushion material 14 is stretched on the outer surface.
An openable / closable chuck 12 is attached to the opening side of the inner bag 9 so that the absorbed radioactive contaminated water treatment tool accommodated in the inner bag does not jump out into the surrounding environment due to a sudden accident. It has a structure that suppresses the evaporation of moisture from the performance polluted water treatment tool.
The outer bag 16 also has a chuck 12 that can be freely opened and closed.
The entire inner surface of the outer bag 16 is coated with a radiation reducing film material 15 such as barium sulfate. When the chuck 12 of the outer bag 16 is closed, the entire inner surface of the outer bag 16 is sealed with the radiation reducing film material 15. The structure is such that the radioactivity from the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool that has absorbed the contaminated water and is contained in the inner bag 9 is shielded.
図1の構造の放射性液体廃棄物吸収体を用いてテストを行った。
吸収体の寸法:80mm×80mm×2mm厚さ
透水性カバー:材質ポリエステルの繊維を用いた不織布
厚さ1mm2枚あわせ袋体
吸水性樹脂:白色粉末状のポリアクリル酸重合体 重量10g
紐状持手:材質ポリプロピレン 長さ200mm×直径3mm
疑似放射性物質含有水:汚泥粒子を、0.02質量%含む水を使用
疑似放射性物質含有水1000mlを前記吸水性樹脂に吸水させた。
吸水前重量:10g
吸水後重量:120g
A test was conducted using a radioactive liquid waste absorber having the structure of FIG.
Absorbent dimensions: 80mm x 80mm x 2mm thickness Water permeable cover: 1mm non-woven fabric using polyester fiber material 2 bags water absorbent resin: white powdered polyacrylic acid polymer Weight 10g
String-shaped handle: Material polypropylene Length 200mm x Diameter 3mm
Pseudo-radioactive substance-containing water: Water containing 0.02% by mass of sludge particles was used. 1000 ml of pseudo-radioactive substance-containing water was absorbed into the water absorbent resin.
Weight before water absorption: 10g
Weight after water absorption: 120g
ゲル化した吸水体を運搬しても、水の漏出は全く認められなかった。
ゲル化した吸水体に10kgの圧力を加えても、水の漏出は全く認められなかった。
Even when the gelled water absorbent was transported, no water leakage was observed.
Even when a pressure of 10 kg was applied to the gelled water-absorbing body, no leakage of water was observed.
730〜830℃の焼却炉に投下した時、水蒸気爆発が発生することは無く、水が飛散することは全く認められなかった。
焼却炉で焼却後、重量測定した。
焼却炉で加熱焼却後の重量:計測下限値以下(計測不可)
焼却後、透水性カバー、吸水性高分子層、手提げ紐共、燃焼ガス化されて定量下限値以下
の灰分が検出されたにすぎず、ほぼ完ぺきに消失させることが出来た。
When dropped in an incinerator at 730 to 830 ° C., no steam explosion occurred and no water was scattered.
After incineration in an incinerator, the weight was measured.
Weight after incineration in an incinerator: Below the lower limit of measurement (measurement not possible)
After incineration, the water-permeable cover, the water-absorbing polymer layer, and the hand strap were both combusted and gasified, and only the ash content below the lower limit of quantification was detected, and it was able to disappear almost completely.
本願発明方法は、放射性物質を含む水を吸収ゲル化させた後、汚染水を外に漏出させることなく安全に運搬でき、また高温の焼却炉に投入しても、水蒸気爆発が発生して汚染水を飛散させることもなく、ほぼ完ぺきに燃焼消失させて、安全に焼却処分できることが確認できた。 In the method of the present invention, after water containing a radioactive substance is absorbed and gelled, the contaminated water can be safely transported without leaking out, and even if it is put into a high-temperature incinerator, a steam explosion occurs and causes contamination. It was confirmed that it was possible to dispose of the water almost completely without burning off and to be safely incinerated.
放射性物質汚染水や放射性汚染物洗浄水、放射性液体廃棄物の他に重金属汚染水、VOC汚染水、食品加工廃液汚染水、塗料や樹脂製造廃液、その他の複合汚染水の濾過処理による濃縮汚染水の処理をリアルタイムで回収、運搬、仮置き一時保管、焼却処理できる。また紐状の持手の効用により作業員が簡便な治具で放射性物質に近接することなく適距離を置いて安全に処理できるので原子力発電所の補修作業や原子力発電所の事故等で広く使用されることが期待できる。 In addition to radioactive material contaminated water, radioactive contaminant cleaning water, radioactive liquid waste, heavy metal contaminated water, VOC contaminated water, food processing wastewater contaminated water, paint and resin manufacturing wastewater, and other contaminated contaminated water by filtration treatment Can be collected, transported, temporarily stored, and incinerated in real time. In addition, the utility of the string-like handle allows workers to use a simple jig for safe disposal at an appropriate distance without being close to radioactive materials, so it is widely used in nuclear power plant repair work and nuclear power plant accidents, etc. Can be expected.
1 吸水体
2 透水性袋体
3 吸水樹脂
4 紐状持手
5 シート状持手
6 リング状持手
7 磁性感材料
8 磁性感材料シート
9 内袋
10 コンテナバッグ
11 チャック
12 内側クッション材
13 外側クッション材
14 放射線低減膜材
15 外袋
16 吊りベルト
17 引っ掛け棒
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water absorbing body 2 Water-permeable bag 3 Water absorbing resin 4 String-shaped
Claims (14)
汚染水処理用具を焼却炉に搬送して焼却炉に投入する工程を備えてなる放射能汚染水の処理方法において、該放射能汚染水処理用具を透水性袋体の中に吸水性樹脂を収納した構造にして、該放射能汚染水は該吸水樹脂に吸収させ、ゲル化させた状態で焼却炉に投入することを特徴とする放射能汚染水の処理方法。 Radioactive contamination comprising a process of absorbing and collecting radioactive contaminated water in a radioactive contaminated water treatment tool, transporting the radioactive contaminated water treatment tool that has absorbed the contaminated water to an incinerator, and putting it into the incinerator In the water treatment method, the radioactively contaminated water treatment tool has a structure in which a water absorbent resin is housed in a water permeable bag, and the radioactively contaminated water is absorbed into the water absorbent resin and gelled. A method for treating radioactively contaminated water, which is put into an incinerator.
The method for treating radioactive contaminated water according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the outer bag of the container bag is formed of a softening agent that has been subjected to UV-resistant processing.
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| JP2013255592A JP2015114180A (en) | 2013-12-11 | 2013-12-11 | Tool for treating radioactive contaminated water and method for treating radioactive contaminated water using the same |
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| WO2018147174A1 (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-08-16 | ▲斉▼星 趙 | Adsorbent, contaminated water treatment body, and landfill treatment site/paved road using adsorbent |
| JP2019015658A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2019-01-31 | 太平電業株式会社 | Method for processing used decontamination agent |
| JP2019015619A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2019-01-31 | 日立Geニュークリア・エナジー株式会社 | Treatment system of radioactive waste and treatment method of radioactive waste |
| JP2023032621A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2023-03-09 | 日鉄セメント株式会社 | Cesium adsorbent and method for treating cesium-containing polluted water |
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2013
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2019015619A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2019-01-31 | 日立Geニュークリア・エナジー株式会社 | Treatment system of radioactive waste and treatment method of radioactive waste |
| JP2019015658A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2019-01-31 | 太平電業株式会社 | Method for processing used decontamination agent |
| WO2018147174A1 (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-08-16 | ▲斉▼星 趙 | Adsorbent, contaminated water treatment body, and landfill treatment site/paved road using adsorbent |
| CN108602045A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-09-28 | 赵齐星 | Adsorbent and contamination data analysis body, pave road at the landfill disposal field for having used adsorbent |
| JPWO2018147174A1 (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2019-06-27 | 趙 斉星 | Land disposal site and pavement using adsorbents, contaminated water treatment bodies, and adsorbents |
| JP2023032621A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2023-03-09 | 日鉄セメント株式会社 | Cesium adsorbent and method for treating cesium-containing polluted water |
| JP7678449B2 (en) | 2021-08-27 | 2025-05-16 | 日鉄セメント株式会社 | Cesium adsorbent and method for treating cesium-containing contaminated water |
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