JP2015111693A - Power storage cell, power storage device, and vehicle equipped with power storage device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact power storage cell capable of effectively radiating heat generated in the power storage cell to the exterior, and to provide a power storage device.SOLUTION: A power storage cell includes: a hard case 10 which houses a power storage element 5 and an electrolytic solution; and an electrode terminal 20 which is connected with collector electrodes 2, 3 of the power storage element 5 and exposed to the exterior of the hard case 10. The power storage cell may conduct charging and discharging through the electrode terminal 20. The electrode terminal 20 includes: a collector electrode connection part 22 inserted through an opening part 13 formed at the hard case 10 and connected with the collector electrodes 2, 3; and a body part 21 which makes surface contact with an outer peripheral surface of the hard case 10 to be joined thereto. The outer peripheral surface of the hard case 10, to which the body part 21 of the electrode terminal 20 is joined, is formed recessed. The body part 21 of the electrode terminal 20 is formed into a shape along the outer peripheral surface of the hard case 10.

Description

  The present invention relates to a chargeable / dischargeable power storage cell, a power storage device including the power storage cell, and a vehicle equipped with the power storage device.

  In the electric storage element built in the electric storage cell, heat is generated with charge / discharge. The heat is transferred through various paths around the storage cell, and is finally transferred to the air cooling and liquid refrigerant body.

  As a technique for dissipating heat inside the storage cell to the outside, Patent Document 1 discloses an electric double layer capacitor that is housed in a heat dissipation hard case via a heat transfer frame that sandwiches heat dissipation fins of the soft case. .

  Patent Document 2 discloses that a fin is provided at a terminal protruding outside the electric double layer capacitor.

JP 2003-282375 A JP 2005-51074 A

  In the case of a power storage cell mounted on a vehicle, downsizing is desired in terms of weight and layout. However, in heat dissipation methods such as Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, there is no space that contributes to the power storage function around the power storage cell. Since this increases, there is a problem that it cannot be made compact.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a compact power storage cell and power storage device that can effectively dissipate heat generated inside the power storage cell to the outside. With the goal.

  The present invention comprises a hard case that houses a power storage element together with an electrolytic solution, and an electrode terminal that is connected to the collector electrode of the power storage element and exposed to the outside of the hard case, and is charged via the electrode terminal. A dischargeable storage cell, wherein the electrode terminal is in surface contact with a collector electrode connecting portion connected to the collector electrode through an opening formed in the hard case, and an outer peripheral surface of the hard case. A main body portion to be joined, and an outer peripheral surface of the hard case to which the main body portion of the electrode terminal is joined is formed to be recessed, and the main body portion of the electrode terminal extends along the outer peripheral surface of the hard case. It is formed in a different shape.

  The present invention also includes a hard case that houses the power storage element together with the electrolyte, and an electrode terminal that is connected to the collector electrode of the power storage element and exposed to the outside of the hard case. A chargeable / dischargeable storage cell, wherein the electrode terminal is in surface contact with the collector electrode connecting portion connected to the collector electrode through an opening formed in the hard case, and the outer peripheral surface of the hard case An outer peripheral surface of the hard case to which the main body portion of the electrode terminal is bonded includes a pair of inclined surfaces and a bottom surface connecting the pair of inclined surfaces, The main body portion of the electrode terminal is joined in surface contact with the pair of inclined surfaces.

  According to the present invention, the electrode terminal has a large surface area because the main body portion is joined in surface contact with the outer peripheral surface of the hard case. Therefore, the heat inside the storage cell can be effectively radiated to the outside through the electrode terminals. In addition, since the electrode terminal has a large surface area, it is not necessary to provide a facility for heat dissipation in the storage cell, and the storage cell can be made compact.

It is a front view of the electric double layer capacitor concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention, and is a figure in the state where a film body of a rectangular frame surface was removed. It is a disassembled perspective view of a rectangular frame and an electrode terminal. It is an exploded front view of a rectangular frame and an electrode terminal. It is a top view of a rectangular frame. (A) is a side view of an electrode terminal, (B) is a front view of an electrode terminal. It is a perspective view of the electrical storage apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the flow of the cooling air in an electrical storage apparatus. It is a schematic diagram of the vehicle carrying an electrical storage apparatus.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, an electric double layer capacitor (hereinafter simply referred to as “capacitor”) 100 as an electricity storage cell according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a capacitor 100 includes a hard case 10 that stores an electric storage element 5 that stores electric charges together with an electrolyte, and a pair of electrode terminals 20 that are connected to the electric storage element 5 and exposed to the outside of the hard case 10. Is provided.

  The power storage element 5 is composed of a laminate in which a predetermined number of positive electrode collector electrodes 2, negative electrode collector electrodes 3, and separators (not shown) interposed between the positive electrode collector electrodes 2 and the negative electrode collector electrodes 3 are separated. Is done.

  The separator prevents contact between the positive electrode collector electrode 2 and the negative electrode collector electrode 3 but does not hinder the flow of ions, and is composed of a sheet of paper or resin. Activated carbon constituting an electric double layer is applied to the surfaces of the positive electrode collector 2 and the negative electrode collector 3.

  The hard case 10 includes a rectangular frame 11 that surrounds the power storage element 5 and a pair of film bodies 12 that are attached to both surfaces of the rectangular frame 11. FIG. 1 is a view showing a state in which the film body on one surface of the rectangular frame 11 is removed. The rectangular frame 11 is made of resin, and the film body 12 is a laminate film. The laminate film is a film material having a multilayer structure in which a metal layer of a metal foil is covered with a resin layer. The rectangular frame 11 and the film body 12 are joined without a gap by thermally welding each other's thermoplastic resin. As a result, the electrolytic solution is sealed inside the hard case 10.

  The electrode terminal 20 includes a positive electrode terminal 20 a electrically connected to the positive electrode collector electrode 2 and a negative electrode terminal 20 b electrically connected to the negative electrode collector electrode 3.

  The capacitor 100 stores electric charges by electrostatic capacitance of the electric double layer at each of the positive electrode collector electrode 2 and the negative electrode collector electrode 3 and releases the stored electric charges. Charging / discharging is performed via the positive electrode terminal 20a and the negative electrode terminal 20b.

  Next, the rectangular frame 11 and the electrode terminal 20 of the hard case 10 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the rectangular frame 11 is a rectangular frame-shaped member composed of four linear housings 11 a to 11 d, and has a rectangular inner peripheral surface surrounding the power storage element 5 and four sides. The outer peripheral surface.

  Each of the opposing housings 11 a and 11 c is formed with an opening 13 that penetrates the inside and outside of the rectangular frame 11. The opening 13 is formed extending in the longitudinal direction of the housings 11a and 11c.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the casings 11 a and 11 c are formed so that the cross-sectional shape is recessed in a substantially U shape. The outer peripheral surfaces of the housings 11a and 11c are formed of a pair of opposed slopes 14 and a curved bottom face 15 connecting the pair of slopes 14, and are formed in a recessed manner. The opening 13 is formed along the bottom surface 15. The pair of inclined surfaces 14 function as a sealing surface with the electrode terminal 20 as described later.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the opposing housings 11 b and 11 d have a substantially U-shaped cross section, and a groove 18 is formed on the outer peripheral surface. A gas vent valve 19 for exhausting the gas generated in the hard case 10 to the outside and a circuit board (not shown) for voltage equalization are disposed in the groove 18.

  The positive electrode terminal 20a is joined so as to cover the outer peripheral surface of the housing 11a, and the negative electrode terminal 20b is joined so as to cover the outer peripheral surface of the housing 11c. Since the positive electrode terminal 20a and the negative electrode terminal 20b have the same shape, the positive electrode terminal 20a will be described below.

  The positive electrode terminal 20a is made of a conductive metal such as aluminum. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the positive electrode terminal 20 a is connected to the positive electrode collector electrode 2 through the main body portion 21 joined in surface contact with the inclined surface 14 of the outer peripheral surface of the housing 11 a and the opening portion 13. And a collector electrode connecting portion 22. The collector electrode connection portion 22 of the negative electrode terminal 20 b is connected to the negative electrode collector electrode 3. The positive electrode terminal 20a also includes an external terminal portion 23 for connecting the capacitor 100 disposed adjacent thereto.

  The main body portion 21 is formed in a shape along the outer peripheral surface of the housing 11a, that is, in a cross-sectional shape, and is formed in a shape that fits in the recess of the housing 11a. Specifically, the main body 21 includes a pair of opposed inclined portions 24 and a curved surface portion 25 that connects the pair of inclined portions 24. The length of the main body 21 is formed substantially the same as the length of the housing 11a. The outer surfaces of the pair of inclined portions 24 function as a seal surface with the pair of inclined surfaces 14 of the housing 11a. The collector electrode connection part 22 is formed to protrude from the outer surface of the curved surface part 25 of the main body part 21.

  A thermoplastic resin having a uniform thickness is provided on the outer surfaces of the pair of inclined portions 24. The outer surfaces of the pair of inclined portions 24 are joined to the pair of inclined surfaces 14 of the housing 11a without a gap by thermally welding a thermoplastic resin. In this way, the positive electrode terminal 20a and the casing 11a are joined by bringing the outer surface of the inclined portion 24 and the inclined surface 14 into surface contact. In a state where the positive electrode terminal 20a is joined to the housing 11a, the main body portion 21 of the positive electrode terminal 20a covers the entire outer peripheral surface of the housing 11a. Similarly, the main body portion 21 of the negative electrode terminal 20b covers the entire outer peripheral surface of the housing 11c. As described above, the outer peripheral surfaces of the two sides of the four outer peripheral surfaces of the hard case 10 are covered with the electrode terminals 20. Further, in a state where the positive electrode terminal 20 a is joined to the housing 11 a, the collector electrode connection portion 22 extends through the opening 13 and into the rectangular frame 11.

  The thermoplastic resin for joining the positive electrode terminal 20a to the housing 11a is desirably the same as the thermoplastic resin constituting the housing 11a. If comprised in this way, heat welding will become easy and the sealing performance of the outer surface of the inclination part 24 and the slope 14 will improve. Note that the positive electrode terminal 20a and the casing 11a may be directly joined by a thermoplastic resin constituting the casing 11a without providing a thermoplastic resin between the positive electrode terminal 20a and the casing 11a.

  Here, in general, the calorific value of the capacitor is smaller than that of a chemical battery using a chemical reaction, but the heat inside the case generated due to charging / discharging of the electricity storage element 5 needs to be discharged to the outside. is there. Since the electrode terminal 20 is joined to the positive electrode collector electrode 2 and the negative electrode collector electrode 3 of the power storage element and is exposed to the outside of the hard case 10, it can function as a member that radiates heat inside the hard case 10. That is, the surface exposed to the outside in the electrode terminal 20 functions as a heat dissipation surface. The capacitor 100 is configured such that each of the main body portions 21 of the positive electrode terminal 20a and the negative electrode terminal 20b covers one outer peripheral surface of the four outer peripheral surfaces of the hard case 10, and thus the electrode terminal 20 has a large surface area. . Furthermore, the electrode terminal 20 has a surface area larger than that of the planar electrode terminal because the main body portion 21 has a dogleg shape. Thus, since the electrode terminal 20 has a large surface area exposed to the outside, it is easy to exchange heat with the outside. Therefore, the heat inside the hard case 10 is effectively discharged to the outside through the electrode terminal 20. Moreover, since the electrode terminal 20 has a large surface area, it is not necessary to provide the capacitor 100 with a facility for heat dissipation, and the capacitor 100 can be configured to be compact and lightweight.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the external terminal portion 23 is provided to protrude from the side edge of the inclined portion 24 of the main body portion 21. Specifically, a pair is provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the inclined portion 24. When a plurality of capacitors 100 are stacked and connected in series or in parallel, adjacent capacitors 100 are connected by the external terminal portion 23. The capacitor 100 has a configuration in which the main body portions 21 of the positive electrode terminal 20a and the negative electrode terminal 20b cover the outer peripheral surface of one of the four outer peripheral surfaces of the hard case 10, so that the capacitors 100 are stacked. By simply doing, the main body portion 21 of the electrode terminal 20 of the adjacent capacitor 100 is brought into a close state. Adjacent capacitors 100 can be connected by connecting the approaching main body portion 21 with the external terminal portion 23. Thus, the capacitor 100 has a very short connection distance with other capacitors 100. Therefore, the plurality of capacitors 100 can be connected with low resistance.

  According to the above 1st Embodiment, there exists the effect shown below.

  The main body portion 21 of the electrode terminal 20 is joined in surface contact with the outer peripheral surface of the hard case 10 and covers two outer peripheral surfaces of the four outer peripheral surfaces of the hard case 10. The surface area exposed to the outside is large. Furthermore, since the main body 21 of the electrode terminal 20 has a dogleg shape, the electrode terminal 20 has a large surface area. Therefore, the heat inside the hard case 10 generated along with charging / discharging of the electricity storage element 5 can be effectively discharged to the outside through the electrode terminal 20. Thereby, since the temperature rise of the capacitor 100 is suppressed, the reliability of the capacitor 100 can be improved and the lifetime can be extended.

  Further, since the electrode terminal 20 has a large surface area, it is not necessary to provide the capacitor 100 with a facility for heat dissipation. That is, the electrode terminal 20 not only functions as an electrical path but also exhibits a heat dissipation function, and has two functions. Therefore, the capacitor 100 can be configured to be compact and lightweight.

  Further, the capacitor 100 is configured such that each of the main body portions 21 of the positive electrode terminal 20 a and the negative electrode terminal 20 b covers one outer peripheral surface of the four outer peripheral surfaces of the hard case 10. The connection distance is extremely short. Therefore, the plurality of capacitors 100 can be connected with low resistance.

  Furthermore, since the electrode terminal 20 and the hard case 10 are joined by surface contact between the outer surface of the inclined portion 24 and the inclined surface 14, the sealing performance is improved. In addition, since the inclined portion 24 of the electrode terminal 20 that functions as a sealing surface and the inclined surface 14 of the outer peripheral surface of the hard case 10 are formed to be inclined, the sealing area is large. Therefore, it is possible to improve the sealing performance in a small space, and to obtain the capacitor 100 having high airtightness that does not allow liquid leakage from the vicinity of the electrode terminal 20 or gas intrusion from the outside.

  In the first embodiment, the case where the storage cell is a capacitor has been described. However, the storage cell may be another storage cell such as a nickel metal hydride battery or a lithium ion battery.

  Moreover, in the said 1st Embodiment, it demonstrated that the hard case 10 was comprised with the resin-made rectangular frames 11 and the film body 12 of a laminate film. However, the configuration of the hard case 10 is not limited to such a form. For example, the entire hard case 10 may be made of resin.

  Further, in the first embodiment, the opening 13 that penetrates the inside and outside of the rectangular frame 11 is formed in each of the opposing housings 11a and 11c, and the positive electrode terminal 20a is joined so as to cover the outer peripheral surface of the housing 11a. It has been described that the negative electrode terminal 20b is joined so as to cover the outer peripheral surface of the housing 11c. Instead, one of the four casings 11a to 11d, for example, the casing 11a, is formed by arranging two openings 13 in the longitudinal direction, and the positive electrode terminal 20a and the negative electrode terminal 20b are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the casing 11a. They may be provided side by side. In this case, the main body portion 21 of the electrode terminal 20 covers one outer peripheral surface among the four outer peripheral surfaces of the hard case 10, and the remaining three outer peripheral surfaces do not function as heat dissipation surfaces.

(Second Embodiment)
Hereinafter, a power storage device 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the power storage device 200 includes a power storage module 101 in which a plurality of capacitors 100 according to the first embodiment are stacked, and a cooling device 150 that cools the power storage module 101.

  The power storage module 101 is obtained by stacking two unit modules 102 each having a plurality of capacitors 100 stacked in the thickness direction so that the depressions of the main body 21 of the electrode terminals 20 are continuous.

  Two semicircular cutouts 16 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) are formed in each of the opposing housings 11b and 11d of the hard case 10. By stacking two unit modules 102, the notches 16 become bolt fastening holes by the casings 11b and 11d. The two unit modules 102 are fixed by inserting and fastening the bolts 103 into the bolt fastening holes.

  The cooling device 150 is a device for air-cooling the power storage module 101. The cooling device 150 includes a case 151 that houses the power storage module 101, an air inlet 152 that is formed in the lower portion of the case 151 and that guides air into the case 151, and an air inlet 152 that is provided on the upper portion of the case 151. A blower 153 that guides the sucked air along the depression of the main body 21 of the electrode terminal 20 is provided.

  Since the power storage module 101 is arranged so that the depression of the main body portion 21 of the electrode terminal 20 is continuous in the vertical direction, the air guided into the case 151 by the blower 153 flows along the depression of the main body portion 21. It is discharged outside. As described above, since the air guided into the case 151 flows in contact with the main body portion 21 of the electrode terminal 20, heat dissipation through the electrode terminal 20 can be promoted, and the power storage module 101 can be effectively cooled. Can do. The power storage module 101 includes two unit modules 102 arranged in the vertical direction, and the two unit modules 102 are cooled by one blower 153. Therefore, compared with the case where the blower 153 is provided for each unit module 102, the power storage device 200 can be configured in a compact manner.

  Since the main body 21 of the electrode terminal 20 is formed to be recessed, the cooling air can pass through the interior of the recess of the main body 21 even when the distance between the inner wall of the case 151 and the electrode terminal 20 is small. That is, the cooling air passage provided in the case 151 may be a minimum size. Accordingly, since the case 151 can be formed with a size close to the size of the power storage module 101, the power storage device 200 can be configured to be compact and lightweight. Further, since the proportion of the space contributing to the power storage function in the entire power storage device 200 can be increased, the power storage device 200 with high power storage efficiency can be obtained.

  As described in the first and second embodiments above, in the capacitor 100, since the electrode terminal 20 has a large surface area, it is not necessary to provide a facility for heat dissipation. 21 depressions function as cooling air passages. Therefore, power storage device 200 is configured in a compact manner. Even if the power storage module 101 is configured by arranging two unit modules 102 in the vertical direction as in the second embodiment, the height of the power storage device 200 can be kept low.

  Thus, since the power storage device 200 is low, when the power storage device 200 is mounted on a vehicle, the power storage device 200 can be stored in a space 160 under the floor of the vehicle as shown in FIG. In other words, a vehicle with a low floor position can be realized.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is obvious that various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea.

100 Electric double layer capacitor (capacitor)
200 Power storage device 2 Positive electrode collector (collector)
3 Negative electrode collector (collector)
5 Power Storage Element 10 Hard Case 11 Rectangular Frames 11a to 11d Housing 13 Opening 14 Slope 15 Bottom Surface 20 Electrode Terminal 20a Positive Electrode Terminal 20b Negative Electrode Terminal 21 Main Body 22 Collecting Electrode Connecting Portion 23 External Terminal Portion 24 Inclining Portion 25 Curved Surface Portion 101 Power storage module 102 Unit module 150 Cooling device 151 Case 152 Air inlet 153 Blower

Claims (9)

A hard case that houses the storage element together with the electrolyte;
An electrode terminal connected to the collector electrode of the electricity storage element and exposed to the outside of the hard case, and
A storage cell that can be charged and discharged via the electrode terminal,
The electrode terminal is
A collector electrode connecting portion inserted through the opening formed in the hard case and connected to the collector electrode;
A main body part that is joined in surface contact with the outer peripheral surface of the hard case, and
The outer peripheral surface of the hard case to which the body portion of the electrode terminal is joined is formed to be depressed,
The electrical storage cell, wherein the body portion of the electrode terminal is formed in a shape along an outer peripheral surface of the hard case. A hard case that houses the storage element together with the electrolyte;
An electrode terminal connected to the collector electrode of the electricity storage element and exposed to the outside of the hard case, and
A storage cell that can be charged and discharged via the electrode terminal,
The electrode terminal is
A collector electrode connecting portion inserted through the opening formed in the hard case and connected to the collector electrode;
A main body part that is joined in surface contact with the outer peripheral surface of the hard case, and
The outer peripheral surface of the hard case to which the main body portion of the electrode terminal is joined includes a pair of opposed slopes and a bottom surface connecting the pair of slopes,
The electric storage cell, wherein the main body portion of the electrode terminal is joined in surface contact with the pair of inclined surfaces. The hard case has a rectangular outer peripheral surface;
The electrode terminal is
A positive electrode terminal electrically connected to the positive electrode collector;
A negative electrode terminal electrically connected to the negative electrode collector electrode,
The said main-body part of the said positive electrode terminal and the said negative electrode terminal is joined so that the outer peripheral surface of one side may be covered among the outer peripheral surfaces of the four sides of the said hard case, respectively. 2. The electricity storage cell according to 2. The main body portion of the electrode terminal includes a pair of opposed inclined portions, and a curved surface portion connecting the pair of inclined portions,
The outer surfaces of the pair of inclined portions are joined in surface contact with the pair of inclined surfaces of the outer peripheral surface of the hard case,
The electrical storage cell according to claim 2, wherein the collector electrode connection portion is formed to protrude from an outer surface of the curved surface portion. The electrode terminal further includes an external terminal part for connecting an energy storage cell disposed adjacent to the electrode terminal,
The storage cell according to claim 4, wherein the external terminal portion is provided to protrude from a side edge of the inclined portion of the main body portion. An electricity storage module in which a plurality of electricity storage cells according to any one of claims 1 to 5 are stacked,
And a cooling device for cooling the power storage module. A power storage module in which a plurality of power storage cells according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are stacked,
A power storage device comprising a cooling device for cooling the power storage module,
The cooling device is
A case for housing the power storage module;
An air intake opening formed in the case for guiding air into the case;
A power storage device comprising: a blower that guides air sucked through the air intake port along a recess of the main body portion of the electrode terminal.   8. The storage module according to claim 7, wherein the storage module is formed by stacking unit modules each including a plurality of storage cells stacked in a thickness direction so that depressions of the main body of the electrode terminal are continuous. Power storage device.   A vehicle comprising the power storage device according to any one of claims 6 to 8.

Images