JP2015108462A - Combustion method for burner for forming tubular flame, and burner for forming tubular flame - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combustion method for forming a tubular flame, which can form such a tubular flame properly as floats from the inner face of a combustion chamber.SOLUTION: A side part introduction gas is introduced in a tangential direction of an inner surface of a combustion chamber N1 into the inside of a cylindrical combustion chamber N1 having one end closed, from an introduction port 7 opened in the side surface part of the cylindrical combustion chamber N1, and an end part introduction gas is introduced from the end part of the closed side of the combustion chamber N1 along the cylindrical shaft center direction of the combustion chamber N1 into the cylinder shaft part of the combustion chamber N1. The oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the actual oxygen amount contained in the side part introduction gas to the stoichiometric oxygen amount of the fuel contained in the side introduction gas is set at a combustion restricting oxygen ratio lower than the lower limit, at which the fuel can burn. At the same time, the introduction amount of the end part introduction gas is determined so that the oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the actual oxygen amount, which is obtained by adding each oxygen amount contained in the side part introduction gas and the end part introduction gas, may be a burning oxygen ratio higher than the combustion limiting oxygen ratio with respect to the stoichiometric oxygen amount of the fuel contained in the side introduction gas.

Description

  The present invention is directed to a side surface portion of a cylindrical combustion chamber having one end closed and the other end opened from an inlet opening in a slit shape long in the cylinder axis direction of the combustion chamber toward a tangential direction of the combustion chamber inner surface. Then, oxygen and fuel, or these and a diluent are introduced into the combustion chamber as a side introduction gas, and along the cylinder axis direction of the combustion chamber from the closed end of the combustion chamber A burner combustion method for forming a tubular flame by introducing oxygen or oxygen and a diluent into the cylindrical axial center of the combustion chamber as an end-introducing gas, and a tubular method for carrying out the combustion method It relates to a burner that forms a flame.

  A combustion method of a burner that forms such a tubular flame is a method in which a side introduced gas is introduced into the combustion chamber from the inlet opening in the side portion of the combustion chamber toward the tangential direction of the combustion chamber surface, thereby combusting. While forming an unburned gas layer in which the unburned gas flows along the inner surface of the chamber, oxygen and combustion contained in the side portion introduced gas are formed on the inner side of the unburned gas layer (on the cylindrical axis side). It forms a flame that burns using oxygen contained in the end introduction gas introduced from the end on the closed side of the chamber, and the flame zone of the flame is a tubular flame that floats from the inner surface of the combustion chamber It will be.

  As a mode for introducing oxygen and fuel into the combustion chamber as the side introduction gas, generally, a mode in which oxygen and fuel are separately introduced and mixed in the combustion chamber is adopted. In general, oxygen and fuel and diluent can be introduced as side-introducing gas. In general, oxygen and fuel are introduced separately from each other. In addition, a form in which a diluent is mixed in at least one of them is employed, but a form in which oxygen, fuel, and a diluent are introduced in a premixed state may be employed.

  As an example of a combustion method similar to the combustion method of a burner that forms a tubular flame, the amount of fuel contained in the side introduction gas is changed with respect to the amount of oxygen contained in the side introduction gas using natural gas as the fuel. The total oxygen amount is set to an amount that is higher than the arithmetic average concentration of the stoichiometric ratio and the over-rich combustion limit, and the combined oxygen amount contained in each of the side introduction gas and the end introduction gas is the side introduction. There is one in which the introduction amount of the end portion introduction gas is determined so as to be 0.95 to 1.05 times the theoretical oxygen amount necessary for burning the fuel contained in the gas (for example, Patent Documents). 1).

In other words, the amount of fuel contained in the side introduction gas is set to an amount that is higher than the stoichiometric ratio and the arithmetic mean concentration of the over-rich combustion limit with respect to the oxygen amount contained in the side introduction gas. For example, the oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the oxygen amount contained in the side introduced gas to the theoretical oxygen amount required for burning the fuel contained in the side introduced gas is a stoichiometric ratio corresponding to the theoretical oxygen amount. (1.0) and the lower limit (for example, 0.3) at which the fuel can combust are set to a value (for example, 0.6) that is closer to the lower limit than the average value.
That is, the combustion method of Patent Document 1 is a state in which the unburned gas in the unburned gas layer can be burned by oxygen contained in the side introduction gas, and the oxygen contained in the end portion introduction gas is the unburned gas. Since it is so-called premixed combustion used as oxygen to help complete the combustion, it is a burner combustion method that forms a tubular flame.

  Incidentally, in the burner that forms the tubular flame disclosed in Patent Document 1, the glass raw material supply unit that supplies the glass raw material powder as the heated granular material is used to convert the glass raw material powder along with the edge introduction gas. It is provided so that it may be supplied to a combustion chamber, and it is comprised so that glass raw material powder may be heated and melt | dissolved in a combustion chamber.

JP 2012-193878 A

  In the burner combustion method for forming the tubular flame of Patent Document 1, there is a possibility that the tubular flame that has floated from the inner surface of the combustion chamber cannot be accurately formed.

  That is, in the burner combustion method for forming the tubular flame of Patent Document 1, the amount of oxygen contained in the side introduced gas is less than the theoretical amount of oxygen required to burn the fuel contained in the side introduced gas. The oxygen ratio indicating the ratio is set to a value at which the fuel closer to the lower limit side than the average value of the stoichiometric ratio corresponding to the theoretical oxygen amount and the lower limit at which the fuel can burn is combustible. Although the oxygen ratio of the introduced gas is lower than the stoichiometric ratio corresponding to the theoretical oxygen amount, it is a value at which the fuel can combust. Therefore, the side introduced gas introduced into the combustion chamber extends along the inner surface of the combustion chamber. In addition, there is a risk of burning without forming an unburned gas layer in a state of forming an attached flame that adheres to the inlet, and as a result, there is a risk that the tubular flame that has emerged from the inner surface of the combustion chamber cannot be accurately formed. .

  In other words, when oxygen is used as the oxidant for burning the fuel, the combustion rate is increased, the flammable range is expanded, and nitrogen is not included as compared with the case where air is used as the oxidant. Since the blowout flow velocity of the side introduction gas blown out from the mouth to the combustion chamber is reduced, in the conventional burner combustion method for forming a tubular flame, without forming a tubular flame floating from the inner surface of the combustion chamber, There was a risk that an attached flame attached to the inlet would be formed.

  By the way, in the burner forming the tubular flame disclosed in Patent Document 1, glass raw material powder as a heated granular material is supplied to the combustion chamber, and the glass raw material powder is heated and melted in the combustion chamber. However, in this case, the diameter of the combustion chamber is increased in order to introduce the glass raw material powder. When the diameter of the combustion chamber is increased in this way, the fuel flowing in the combustion chamber And the swirling speed of oxygen tends to decrease (the swirl number becomes small), and diffusion combustion starts earlier than the formation of the unburned gas layer, and unburned gas along the inner surface of the combustion chamber Since it is difficult to form a layer, an adhering flame adhering to the inlet tends to be formed without forming a tubular flame floating from the inner surface of the combustion chamber.

  When the attached flame that adheres to the inlet is formed, the combustion chamber is heated to a high temperature by the attached flame. Therefore, heat insulation (burner tile) is installed on the inner surface of the combustion chamber and the combustion chamber is cooled. In this case, installing a heat insulating material (burner tile) on the inner surface of the combustion chamber leads to an increase in cost and a decrease in dimensional accuracy, and by installing a water cooling device. This increases the cost and heat loss.

  Therefore, in order to suppress the increase in cost and deterioration in dimensional accuracy due to the installation of heat insulating material (burner tile) on the inner surface of the combustion chamber, and to suppress the increase in cost and heat loss due to the installation of a water cooling device A combustion method of a burner that forms a tubular flame that avoids the combustion chamber from being heated to a high temperature by accurately forming a tubular flame that is lifted from the inner surface of the chamber, and the combustion method thereof A burner that forms a tubular flame would be desirable.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a burner combustion method for forming a tubular flame that can accurately form a tubular flame levitated from the inner surface of the combustion chamber. The point is to provide.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a burner that forms a tubular flame that can accurately form a tubular flame that has floated from the inner surface of the combustion chamber.

The burner combustion method for forming a tubular flame according to the present invention opens in the shape of a slit that is long in the cylinder axis direction of the combustion chamber at the side surface of a cylindrical combustion chamber that is closed at one end and opened at the other end. Oxygen and fuel, or these and a diluent are introduced into the combustion chamber as a side introduction gas from the introduction port toward the tangential direction of the combustion chamber inner surface, and the closed end of the combustion chamber In the direction of the cylinder axis of the combustion chamber, oxygen or oxygen and diluent are introduced into the cylinder axis of the combustion chamber as an end-introducing gas and burned. The feature configuration is
The oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the amount of oxygen contained in the side introduction gas to the theoretical amount of oxygen required to burn the fuel contained in the side introduction gas is lower than the lower limit at which the fuel can burn , Set to a combustion limiting oxygen ratio corresponding to the lower limit, or higher by a set small amount than the lower limit, and
The ratio of the total oxygen amount in which the oxygen amount contained in each of the side portion introduction gas and the end portion introduction gas is combined with the theoretical oxygen amount necessary for burning the fuel contained in the side portion introduction gas. The introduction amount of the end portion introduction gas is determined so that the oxygen ratio indicating a higher combustion oxygen ratio than the combustion limiting oxygen ratio.

  “Fuel” means a fuel that can be supplied to the combustion chamber. In addition to a so-called gaseous fuel gas, liquid fuel (pre-evaporated before introduction into the combustion chamber and introduced into the combustion chamber as a fuel gas) And a fuel gas which is evaporated after being sprayed into the combustion chamber in a liquid state).

  That is, the oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the amount of oxygen contained in the side introduced gas to the theoretical amount of oxygen necessary for burning the fuel contained in the introduced gas is lower than the lower limit at which the fuel can be combusted. If the side-introduced gas is not replenished with oxygen from the outside so that it does not burn or does not continue to burn stably, Therefore, by introducing the side portion introduction gas into the combustion chamber from the inlet opening in the side surface portion of the combustion chamber toward the tangential direction of the combustion chamber surface, ignition does not occur and the combustion chamber inner surface portion is not ignited. Thus, an unburned gas layer in which unburned gas flows can be accurately formed.

  Then, the fuel contained in the side introduction gas is combusted by introducing the end introduction gas from the end on the closed side of the combustion chamber along the cylinder axis direction of the combustion chamber into the cylinder axis portion of the combustion chamber. The oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the total oxygen amount, which is the sum of the oxygen amounts contained in the side introduced gas and the end introduced gas, with respect to the theoretical oxygen amount required to be made higher than the combustion limiting oxygen ratio Oxygen contained in the side introduced gas and the closed side of the combustion chamber on the inner side (cylinder shaft center side) of the unburned gas layer formed along the inner surface of the combustion chamber A flame that burns using oxygen contained in the end-introducing gas introduced from the end of the gas is formed, and this flame cannot be burned only by the side-introducing gas, that is, there is no flame propagation property, Tubing that could not spread in the unburned mixture and floated from the inner surface of the combustion chamber So that the flame is formed accurately.

  That is, the inventor of the present invention has made the end-introduced gas stable if the oxygen ratio of the end-introduced gas is set to a value near the lower limit where the fuel can be combusted or lower than the lower limit where the fuel can be combusted. Thus, since combustion is not continued (difficult to burn) or extinguished (not burned), an unburned gas layer along the inner surface of the combustion chamber can be accurately formed, and unburned Even when the combustion gas layer is stable and combustion does not continue (difficult to burn) or extinguishes (not combusted), the end-introducing gas is passed from the closed end of the combustion chamber to the combustion chamber. Along the inner surface of the combustion chamber, oxygen introduced into the end portion introduction gas reacts with the unburned gas in the unburned gas layer by introducing it into the cylindrical shaft center of the combustion chamber along the cylinder axis direction. Introduce the end on the inner side (cylinder shaft center side) of the unburned gas layer formed Not only simply burned by oxygen contained in the oxygen and the side introduction gas contained in the body, the flame shape is tubular, it was found to be formed by appropriately floated from the inner surface of combustion chamber.

  Incidentally, the burner combustion method for forming the tubular flame of the conventional patent document 1 is in a state where the unburned gas in the unburned gas layer can be burned by oxygen contained in the side introduced gas, and the side introduced gas Whereas the contained oxygen is so-called (partial) premixed combustion used as oxygen to complete the combustion of the unburned gas, the burner combustion method for forming the tubular flame of the first characteristic configuration is: So-called diffusion in which the unburned gas in the unburned gas layer burns at the same time that the mixing is at a concentration suitable for combustion even if the mixing is partially used, using the oxygen contained in the end-introduced gas as the essential oxygen for combustion. Although the two are different in flame structure, the tubular flame formed by the burner combustion method for forming the tubular flame of the first characteristic configuration forms the tubular flame of Patent Document 1. Burner burning method For exhibiting a tubular flame and similar shape formed Te, in which can be used as the same flame.

  In short, according to the first characteristic configuration of the burner combustion method for forming a tubular flame according to the present invention, the burner for forming a tubular flame capable of accurately forming a tubular flame levitated from the inner surface of the combustion chamber. A combustion method can be provided.

In addition to the first characteristic configuration described above, the second characteristic configuration of the burner combustion method for forming a tubular flame according to the present invention includes:
A downstream combustion chamber that is open at both ends and formed to have the same diameter as or larger than the diameter of the combustion chamber is provided in a form that is connected to the end of the combustion chamber on the opening side. And
Included in the side introduction gas from the downstream inlet opening in the side of the downstream combustion chamber in a slit shape that is long in the cylinder axis direction of the downstream combustion chamber toward the tangential direction of the downstream combustion chamber surface Oxygen corresponding to a set oxygen amount obtained by adding a set surplus amount to the deficient oxygen amount or the deficient oxygen amount obtained by subtracting the oxygen amount contained in the side introduction gas from the theoretical oxygen amount required for burning the fuel The oxygen and diluent are introduced into the downstream combustion chamber as downstream portion introduction oxygen.

  That is, a downstream combustion chamber connected to the end of the combustion chamber on the opening side is provided, and a downstream inlet opening at a side surface of the downstream combustion chamber is directed in a tangential direction of the downstream combustion chamber surface. Since the downstream portion introduced oxygen is introduced into the downstream combustion chamber, even if unburned gas is generated in the upstream combustion chamber, the unburned gas can be appropriately burned in the downstream combustion chamber. it can.

  Then, as the oxygen introduced into the downstream portion, the oxygen shortage amount obtained by subtracting the oxygen amount contained in the side portion introduction gas from the theoretical oxygen amount necessary for burning the fuel contained in the side portion introduction gas or the deficient oxygen amount is set. Since oxygen corresponding to the set oxygen amount with an excess amount added is introduced, unburned gas generated in the combustion chamber is burned in a lean combustion state in which oxygen is excessive in the downstream combustion chamber. Become. Since both of the combustion forms in the upstream combustion chamber and the downstream combustion chamber are diffusion combustion, generation of vibration combustion can be suppressed as compared with premixed combustion.

  In introducing the downstream portion introduced oxygen, a diluent such as carbon dioxide may be mixed with oxygen and introduced, and in this case as well, the combustion intensity is suppressed and the occurrence of vibration combustion can be suppressed.

  Incidentally, the introduction amount of the end portion introduction gas introduced from the end portion on the closed side of the combustion chamber is a value (for example, 0.5 to 0.00) that the combustion oxygen ratio is sufficiently lower than the stoichiometric ratio (1.0). If the amount is set to 7), the combustion state in the combustion chamber can be changed to a rich combustion state where the fuel is excessively rich, and in this case as well, high combustion intensity near the stoichiometry can be suppressed. Thus, the occurrence of vibration combustion in the combustion chamber can be suppressed.

  Since the downstream combustion chamber is formed to have the same diameter as the upstream combustion chamber or a larger diameter, the combustion gas from the combustion chamber may flow into the downstream combustion chamber. It is possible to suppress the speed of the combustion gas flowing in the axial direction of the cylinder from becoming too fast, and when the granular material to be heat-treated is introduced into the combustion chamber, the granular material that flows from the combustion chamber to the downstream combustion chamber It becomes easy to avoid the occurrence of inconvenience such as the body adhering to the connecting portion between the combustion chamber and the downstream combustion chamber. Moreover, by comprising in two steps | paragraphs, the axial direction length of the whole burner can be lengthened, and it contributes also to taking time required for the heating of a granular material.

  In short, the second characteristic configuration of the burner combustion method for forming a tubular flame according to the present invention can be appropriately burned in a state in which the occurrence of vibration combustion is suppressed in addition to the operational effects of the first characteristic configuration. A method for burning a burner that forms a tubular flame can be provided.

In addition to the first feature configuration, the third feature configuration of the burner combustion method for forming a tubular flame of the present invention,
A downstream combustion chamber that is open at both ends and formed to have the same diameter as or larger than the diameter of the combustion chamber is provided in a form that is connected to the end of the combustion chamber on the opening side. And
Oxygen and fuel, or these, from the downstream side inlet opening in the side of the downstream side combustion chamber in the shape of a slit long in the cylinder axis direction of the downstream side combustion chamber toward the tangential direction of the downstream side combustion chamber surface And a diluent as a downstream portion introduction gas introduced into the downstream combustion chamber,
Oxygen indicating the ratio of the amount of oxygen contained in the total introduced gas to the theoretical amount of oxygen required to burn the fuel contained in the total introduced gas including the side portion introduced gas and the downstream portion introduced gas The amount of oxygen contained in the downstream portion introduction gas is determined so that the ratio becomes a stoichiometric ratio or an oxygen ratio for all introduced gases higher than the stoichiometric ratio.

  That is, a downstream combustion chamber connected to the end of the combustion chamber on the opening side is provided, and a downstream inlet opening at a side surface of the downstream combustion chamber is directed in a tangential direction of the downstream combustion chamber surface. Oxygen and fuel, or these and a diluent are introduced into the downstream combustion chamber as a downstream introduction gas, so that the occurrence of vibration combustion can be suppressed for the same reason as described above, and the combustion chamber Even if unburned gas is generated at, the unburned gas can be appropriately burned while suppressing the occurrence of vibration combustion in the downstream combustion chamber. In addition, the frequency of combustion vibration can be changed by changing the size of the combustion chamber, which can be expected to suppress combustion vibration.

  In other words, the oxygen ratio of the side introduction gas is lower than the lower limit at which the fuel can be combusted, corresponds to the lower limit, or is a combustion limiting oxygen that is higher than the lower limit by a set small amount, but the downstream introduction gas The amount of oxygen contained in the total introduced gas relative to the theoretical oxygen amount required to burn the fuel contained in the total introduced gas including the side introduced gas and the downstream introduced gas. Is determined so that the oxygen ratio for the total introduced gas is higher than the stoichiometric ratio or the stoichiometric ratio. Therefore, the amount of oxygen contained in the downstream introduction gas is determined by the amount of fuel contained in the downstream introduction gas. The amount of oxygen is sufficiently larger than the theoretical oxygen amount required for combustion.

  Therefore, by burning the fuel contained in the downstream portion introduction gas in the lean combustion state with excess oxygen in the downstream combustion chamber, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of vibration combustion that tends to occur near the stoichiometry, The unburned gas generated in the combustion chamber can be burned in the lean combustion state in which the oxygen is excessive in the downstream combustion chamber, thereby suppressing the occurrence of incomplete combustion.

  Incidentally, the introduction amount of the end portion introduction gas introduced from the end portion on the closed side of the combustion chamber is a value (for example, 0.5 to 0.00) that the combustion oxygen ratio is sufficiently lower than the stoichiometric ratio (1.0). 7), the combustion state in the combustion chamber can be changed to a rich combustion state in which the fuel is excessive, and in this case, the occurrence of vibration combustion in the combustion chamber can be suppressed. Become.

  Since the downstream combustion chamber is formed to have the same diameter as the upstream combustion chamber or a larger diameter, the combustion gas from the combustion chamber may flow into the downstream combustion chamber. It is possible to suppress the speed of the combustion gas flowing in the axial direction of the cylinder from becoming too fast, and when the granular material to be heat-treated is introduced into the combustion chamber, the granular material that flows from the combustion chamber to the downstream combustion chamber It becomes easy to avoid the occurrence of inconvenience such as the body adhering to the connecting portion between the combustion chamber and the downstream combustion chamber.

  In short, according to the third feature configuration of the burner combustion method for forming a tubular flame of the present invention, in addition to the operational effects of the first feature configuration, the combustion is appropriately performed in a state in which the occurrence of vibration combustion is suppressed. It is possible to provide a method for burning a burner that forms a tubular flame capable of forming a flame.

In addition to any of the first to third feature configurations described above, the fourth feature configuration of the burner combustion method for forming a tubular flame of the present invention is as follows.
It is characterized in that the granular material for heating is supplied to the combustion chamber along with the end portion introduction gas.

That is, the heated granular material can be supplied to the combustion chamber and subjected to heat treatment.
For example, when the powder to be heated is a glass raw material powder to be melted or a metal powder to be melted, the glass raw material powder or the metal powder can be heated and melted. When the granular material for use is an amorphous powder obtained by pulverizing ceramic or glass to be spheroidized, the amorphous powder can be heated (melted) to be spherical, etc. The powder for heating can be heat-treated. Furthermore, it is possible to perform a chemical reaction (so-called combustion synthesis) at a high temperature by selecting the substance and shape of the powder and additive.

  When the end introduction gas is oxygen, in other words, when the end introduction gas does not contain argon or carbon dioxide, which is an inert gas as a diluent, Since oxygen is used in the combustion reaction, the flame temperature can be prevented from lowering than when the end-introducing gas contains a diluent, which is advantageous in heating.

  And since the granular material for a heating is supplied to a combustion chamber with an edge part introduction gas, it is for conveyance which conveys the granular material for a heating part into a combustion chamber. Since the heated granular material can be supplied to the combustion chamber while being used as a gas, the configuration for supplying the heated granular material to the combustion chamber can be simplified.

  In short, according to the fourth feature configuration of the burner combustion method for forming a tubular flame of the present invention, in addition to the operational effects of any of the first to third feature configurations, the heated granular material is It is possible to provide a burner combustion method for forming a tubular flame capable of heat-treating a granular material to be heated while simplifying a configuration for supplying the combustion chamber.

The burner that forms the tubular flame of the present invention has an opening that opens in the form of a slit that is long in the cylinder axis direction of the combustion chamber at the side surface of the cylindrical combustion chamber that is closed at one end and opened at the other end. Oxygen and fuel, or a diluent and a diluent are introduced into the combustion chamber as a side introduction gas toward the tangential direction of the combustion chamber surface, and the combustion is performed from the closed end of the combustion chamber. A burner that forms a tubular flame by introducing oxygen or oxygen and a diluent into the cylindrical axial center of the combustion chamber as an end-introducing gas along the cylindrical axial direction of the chamber. One feature configuration is
The ratio of the amount of oxygen contained in the side introduction gas with respect to the theoretical amount of oxygen required for burning the fuel contained in the side introduction gas by the side supply means for supplying the side introduction gas. The oxygen ratio shown is configured to be set to a combustion limiting oxygen ratio that is lower than the lower limit at which fuel can burn, corresponds to the lower limit, or slightly higher than the lower limit,
The end supply means for supplying the end-introducing gas has a relationship between the side-introducing gas and the end-introducing gas with respect to the theoretical oxygen amount required to burn the fuel contained in the side-introducing gas. The amount of introduction of the end portion introduction gas is determined so that the oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the total oxygen amount combined with the oxygen amount contained in each is a combustion oxygen ratio higher than the combustion limiting oxygen ratio. It is characterized by being.

  That is, the first characteristic configuration of the burner that forms the tubular flame of the present invention includes the configuration for implementing the first characteristic configuration of the burning method of the burner that forms the tubular flame described above. The same effect as the effect described in the column of the first characteristic configuration of the burner combustion method for forming the tubular flame is obtained.

  That is, by the side supply means, the side introduction gas with the oxygen ratio set to the combustion limiting oxygen ratio is introduced into the combustion chamber from the inlet opening in the side surface of the combustion chamber toward the tangential direction of the combustion chamber surface. By introducing the gas, the oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the total oxygen amount is reduced by the end supply means while accurately forming an unburned gas layer in which the unburned gas flows along the inner surface of the combustion chamber. By introducing an end-introducing gas from the end on the closed side of the combustion chamber along the cylinder axis direction of the combustion chamber to the cylinder axis portion of the combustion chamber so that the combustion oxygen ratio is higher than the ratio The oxygen contained in the side portion introduction gas and the end portion on the closed side of the combustion chamber are introduced into the inner side (cylinder shaft center side) of the unburned gas layer formed along the inner surface portion of the combustion chamber. A flame that burns using oxygen contained in the end-introducing gas is formed, and the target is exposed from the inner surface of the combustion chamber. Than is to form a floated tubular flame.

  In short, according to the first characteristic configuration of the burner that forms the tubular flame of the present invention, it is possible to provide a burner that forms a tubular flame that can accurately form the tubular flame that has floated from the inner surface of the combustion chamber.

In addition to the first characteristic configuration of the burner that forms the tubular flame, the second characteristic configuration of the burner that forms the tubular flame of the present invention includes:
A downstream combustion chamber that is open at both ends and formed to have the same diameter as or larger than the diameter of the combustion chamber is provided in a form that is connected to the end of the combustion chamber on the opening side. And
The downstream side oxygen as the downstream introduced oxygen from the downstream side inlet port that opens in the shape of a slit long in the cylinder axis direction of the downstream side combustion chamber to the tangential direction of the downstream side combustion chamber surface on the side surface portion of the downstream side combustion chamber Insufficient oxygen obtained by subtracting the amount of oxygen contained in the side portion introduction gas from the theoretical amount of oxygen required for the downstream portion oxygen introduction means introduced into the combustion chamber to burn the fuel contained in the side portion introduction gas. A feature is that oxygen corresponding to a set oxygen amount obtained by adding a set surplus amount to the amount or the deficient oxygen amount or oxygen and a diluent thereof are introduced as the downstream portion introduced oxygen.

  That is, since the 2nd characteristic structure of the burner which forms the tubular flame of this invention is equipped with the structure for implementing the 2nd characteristic structure of the combustion method of the burner which forms the above-mentioned tubular flame, it is the above-mentioned. The same effect as the effect described in the column of the second characteristic configuration of the burning method of the burner for forming the tubular flame is obtained.

  That is, the downstream oxygen introducing means downstream from the downstream inlet opening at the side surface portion of the downstream combustion chamber connected to the end portion on the opening side of the combustion chamber toward the tangential direction of the downstream combustion chamber surface. Even if unburned gas is generated in the combustion chamber by introducing the oxygen introduced into the downstream combustion chamber, the unburned gas is burned in the lean combustion state in which oxygen is excessive in the downstream combustion chamber. As a result, the combustion forms in the combustion chambers on the upstream side and the downstream side are both diffusion combustion, so that the combustion can be appropriately performed while suppressing the occurrence of vibration combustion.

  In short, according to the second characteristic configuration of the burner that forms the tubular flame of the present invention, in addition to the operational effects of the first characteristic configuration of the burner that forms the tubular flame, it is appropriate while suppressing the occurrence of vibration combustion. It is possible to provide a burner that forms a tubular flame that can be combusted into the flame.

In addition to the first characteristic configuration of the burner that forms the tubular flame, the third characteristic configuration of the burner that forms the tubular flame of the present invention includes:
A downstream combustion chamber that is open at both ends and formed to have the same diameter as or larger than the diameter of the combustion chamber is provided in a form that is connected to the end of the combustion chamber on the opening side. And
Oxygen and fuel, or these, from the downstream side inlet opening in the side of the downstream side combustion chamber in the shape of a slit long in the cylinder axis direction of the downstream side combustion chamber toward the tangential direction of the downstream side combustion chamber surface And a diluent are introduced into the downstream combustion chamber as a downstream part introduction gas, and the fuel contained in the total introduction gas including the side part introduction gas and the downstream part introduction gas is combusted. So that the oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the oxygen amount contained in the total introduced gas to the theoretical oxygen amount required for the total introduced gas becomes a stoichiometric ratio or an oxygen ratio for the total introduced gas higher than the stoichiometric ratio, The present invention is characterized in that it is configured to determine the amount of oxygen contained in the downstream portion introduction gas.

  That is, the third characteristic configuration of the burner that forms the tubular flame of the present invention includes the configuration for implementing the third characteristic configuration of the combustion method of the burner that forms the tubular flame described above. The same effect as the effect described in the column of the third characteristic configuration of the burner combustion method for forming the tubular flame is obtained.

That is, the downstream portion is directed from the downstream introduction port that opens to the side surface portion of the downstream combustion chamber that is connected to the end portion on the opening side of the combustion chamber by the downstream portion supply means toward the tangential direction of the downstream combustion chamber surface. By introducing the introduced gas into the downstream combustion chamber, in addition to burning the fuel in the combustion chamber, the fuel is also burned in the downstream combustion chamber, and unburned gas is removed in the combustion chamber. It is combusted appropriately in the downstream combustion chamber.
Then, the fuel contained in the downstream portion introduction gas is burned in the lean combustion state in which the oxygen is excessive in the downstream combustion chamber, so that the combustion forms in the upstream and downstream combustion chambers are both diffusion combustion. Therefore, the occurrence of vibration combustion can be suppressed.

  In short, according to the third configuration of the burner that forms the tubular flame of the present invention, in addition to the operational effects of the first characteristic configuration of the burner that forms the tubular flame described above, the occurrence of vibration combustion is suppressed. A burner that forms a tubular flame that can be burned can be provided.

In addition to any of the first to third characteristic configurations of the burner that forms the tubular flame, the fourth characteristic configuration of the burner that forms the tubular flame of the present invention,
The granular material supply means for supplying the granular material for heating is configured to supply the granular material to the combustion chamber along with the end portion introduction gas.

  That is, since the 4th characteristic structure of the burner which forms the tubular flame of this invention is equipped with the structure for implementing the 4th characteristic structure of the combustion method of the burner which forms the above-mentioned tubular flame, it is the above-mentioned. The same effect as the effect described in the column of the fourth characteristic configuration of the burning method of the burner that forms the tubular flame is obtained.

  That is, the granular material supply means supplies the heated granular material to the combustion chamber while using the end introduction gas as a conveying gas for conveying the heated granular material into the combustion chamber. Further, it is possible to simplify the configuration for supplying the heated granular material to the combustion chamber.

  In short, according to the fourth characteristic configuration of the burner that forms the tubular flame of the present invention, in addition to the operational effects of any of the first to third characteristic configurations of the burner that forms the tubular flame, The burner which forms the tubular flame which can heat-process the granular material for to-be-heated can be provided, aiming at the simplification of the structure for supplying this granular material to a combustion chamber.

Schematic diagram of a burner forming a tubular flame II-II sectional view of FIG. III-III sectional view of FIG. Table showing the dimensions of each part of the burner that forms the tubular flame Sectional view showing a state in which a tubular flame is formed in the combustion chamber Sectional view showing a state where an adhesion flame is formed in the combustion chamber The figure which shows the captured image at the time of implementing a 1st combustion method The figure which shows the captured image at the time of implementing a 2nd combustion chamber Schematic diagram of a burner that forms a tubular flame that heats glass raw material powder

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a burner for forming a tubular flame for carrying out the method for burning a burner for forming a tubular flame of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(Overall structure of burner forming tubular flame)
As shown in FIGS. 1-3, the burner which forms the illustrated tubular flame is comprised in the form equipped with 1st stage burner B1 and 2nd stage burner B2.
The first-stage burner B1 includes a combustion chamber forming member 1 that forms a cylindrical combustion chamber N1 that is closed at one end and opened at the other end, and the second-stage burner B2 is open at both ends and is formed in the combustion chamber N1. The downstream combustion chamber forming member 2 that forms the downstream combustion chamber N2 having a diameter larger than the diameter is provided. The downstream combustion chamber forming member 2 of the second burner B2 is open at both ends and has a downstream combustion chamber. A combustion cylinder 3 formed so as to have the same diameter as N2 is connected.

  That is, the downstream combustion chamber forming member 2 is connected to the opening end of the combustion chamber forming member 1, and the downstream combustion chamber N2 is connected to the opening end of the combustion chamber N1. The combustion cylinder 3 is connected to the end of the downstream combustion chamber forming member 2 opposite to the side to which the combustion chamber forming member 1 is connected, and the internal space of the combustion cylinder 3 communicates with the downstream combustion chamber N2. Configured to be connected.

  The burner forming the tubular flame of the present embodiment is supplied from oxygen (O 2) supplied from the oxygen cylinder 4, compressed natural gas (CNG) as fuel supplied from the fuel cylinder 5, and the diluent cylinder 6. Combustion is performed using carbon dioxide (CO2) as a diluent, and by performing a combustion method of a burner that forms a tubular flame, which will be described later, from the inner surface of the combustion chamber N1 to the inside of the combustion chamber N1 It can be burned in a state of forming a floating tubular flame Fu (see FIG. 5).

Incidentally, as a combustion method of a burner for forming a tubular flame for accurately forming a tubular flame Fu rising from the inner surface of the combustion chamber N1, in this embodiment, a compressed natural gas (CNG) is applied only to the first-stage burner B1. ) And a second combustion method in which compressed natural gas (CNG) is supplied to each of the first stage burner B1 and the second stage burner B2 and burned.
If these combustion methods are not carried out properly, an adhesion flame Ft (see FIG. 6) that adheres to the inner surface of the combustion chamber N1 will be formed, details of which will be described later.

  The compressed natural gas (CNG) of the present embodiment corresponds to the city gas 13A, and its representative composition is 88.9% for methane, 6.8% for ethane, 3.1% for propane, Butane is 1.2%.

(Configuration of the first stage burner)
As shown in FIG. 2, the first-stage burner B1 has an oxygen gas flow from an inlet 7 that opens in a slit shape in the side surface of the combustion chamber N1 in the cylinder axis direction of the combustion chamber toward the tangential direction of the combustion chamber surface. Compressed natural gas and carbon dioxide are introduced into the combustion chamber N1 as side-introducing gas, and along the cylinder axis direction of the combustion chamber N1 from the outlet 8 that opens at the closed end of the combustion chamber N1. Thus, oxygen is introduced into the cylindrical shaft center portion (center portion) of the combustion chamber N1 as an end portion introduction gas.

That is, as the inlet 7 in the combustion chamber N1, an oxygen slit 7s formed in a rectangular slit shape long in the cylinder axis direction and a fuel slit formed in a rectangular slit shape long in the cylinder axis direction 7n is provided for each pair.
Specifically, the oxygen slits 7s and the fuel slits 7n are provided alternately in the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber N1 in a state where the phases are different by 90 degrees.

  Then, oxygen and compressed natural gas are separately introduced into the combustion chamber N1 in such a form that oxygen is introduced from the oxygen slit 7s and compressed natural gas is introduced into the fuel slit 7n. In the present embodiment, carbon dioxide is mixed with compressed natural gas and introduced into the combustion chamber N1.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, an oxygen supply body 9 that allows oxygen supplied from the oxygen cylinder 4 to flow in a strip-like form spreading in the axial direction of the cylinder is connected to the oxygen slit 7 s and is supplied from the fuel cylinder 5. A fuel supply body 10 is connected to the fuel slit 7n to flow a mixed gas obtained by combining the supplied compressed natural gas and the carbon dioxide supplied from the diluent cylinder 6 in a strip shape extending in the axial direction of the cylinder. Has been.

As shown in FIG. 1, a cylindrical body 11 extending along a cylinder axis direction from a position corresponding to the cylinder axis portion of the combustion chamber N1 is provided at the closed end of the combustion chamber N1. An oxygen guide pipe 12 that is provided in a state of being connected to the gas cylinder and guides oxygen supplied from the oxygen cylinder 4 is connected to the cylinder 11 in a posture inclined with respect to the cylinder axis of the combustion chamber N1.
Therefore, oxygen as the end portion introduction gas is guided to the jet port 8 through the oxygen guide tube 12 and the cylinder body 11 and is introduced from the jet port 8 to the cylindrical axis portion of the combustion chamber N1. .

The cylindrical body 11 is used for the purpose of a site hole or the like for observing the inside of the combustion chamber N1, and normally the tip of the cylindrical body 11 is closed with a lid or the like. . Moreover, the cylinder 11 may be used for attaching a flame sensor (ultraviolet photoelectric tube).
Incidentally, the dimension of each part of the first stage burner B1 is as described in the table shown in FIG.

(Configuration of second stage burner)
The second-stage burner B2 is provided on the side surface of the downstream combustion chamber N2 from the downstream inlet 15 (see FIG. 3) that opens in a slit shape that is long in the cylinder axis direction of the downstream combustion chamber. A state in which oxygen is introduced into the downstream combustion chamber N2 as downstream introduced oxygen toward the tangential direction, and oxygen, compressed natural gas, and the like from the downstream inlet 15 toward the tangential direction of the downstream combustion chamber surface. It is configured to be switched to a state in which carbon dioxide is introduced into the downstream combustion chamber N2 as a downstream portion introduction gas.

  That is, when the first combustion method described above is performed, oxygen is introduced into the downstream combustion chamber N2 from the downstream inlet 15 as the downstream portion introduction oxygen, and the second combustion method described above is performed. In this case, oxygen, compressed natural gas, and carbon dioxide are introduced into the downstream combustion chamber N2 as a downstream portion introduction gas.

That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the downstream oxygen chamber 15 is formed in the downstream combustion chamber N2 as a downstream inlet 15 in the form of a rectangular slit that is long in the cylinder axis direction, and the cylinder axis direction. A pair of downstream fuel slits 15n each formed in a long rectangular slit shape is provided.
Specifically, the downstream oxygen slits 15s and the downstream fuel slits 15n are provided alternately in the circumferential direction of the downstream combustion chamber N2, with the phases being different by 90 degrees. .

  And when implementing a 1st combustion method, it is comprised so that the oxygen supplied through the downstream oxygen supply body 16 may be introduce | transduced into the downstream combustion chamber N2 from the downstream oxygen slit 15s. And the introduction of compressed natural gas and diluent into the downstream combustion chamber N2 is stopped.

  When the second combustion method is performed, oxygen and compressed natural gas are introduced in a form in which oxygen is introduced from the downstream oxygen slit 15s and compressed natural gas is introduced into the downstream fuel slit 15n. Each is configured to be introduced into the downstream combustion chamber N2, and in the present embodiment, is configured to be introduced into the downstream combustion chamber N2 in a state where carbon dioxide is mixed with the compressed natural gas.

  That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the downstream oxygen supplier 16 that causes the oxygen supplied from the oxygen cylinder 4 to flow in a strip shape that extends in the axial direction of the cylinder is connected to the downstream oxygen slit 15 s, A downstream side fuel supply body 17 for flowing a mixed gas obtained by joining and mixing the compressed natural gas supplied from the fuel cylinder 5 and the carbon dioxide supplied from the diluent cylinder 6 in a strip shape extending in the axial direction of the cylinder, It is connected to the downstream fuel slit 15n.

  Incidentally, the dimensions of each part of the second stage burner B2 and the dimensions of the combustion cylinder 3 connected to the second stage burner B2 are as shown in the table shown in FIG.

(Combustion control configuration)
As shown in FIG. 1, the oxygen cylinder 4 has a first oxygen supply passage 4A for supplying oxygen to the oxygen supply body 9 of the first stage burner B1, and a downstream oxygen supply body 16 of the second stage burner B2. The second oxygen supply path 4B for supplying oxygen and the third oxygen supply path 4C for supplying oxygen to the oxygen guide pipe 12 of the first burner B1 are connected.

  The first oxygen supply path 4A is provided with a first oxygen control valve 20A for adjusting the supply amount of oxygen and a first oxygen supply sensor 21A for measuring the supply amount of oxygen. Similarly, the first oxygen supply path 4A includes a second oxygen supply path 4B. Is provided with a second oxygen control valve 20B for adjusting the oxygen supply amount and a second oxygen supply sensor 21B for measuring the oxygen supply amount, and the third oxygen supply path 4C adjusts the oxygen supply amount. A third oxygen control valve 20C that performs the operation and a third oxygen supply sensor 21C that measures the amount of oxygen supply are provided.

Further, the fuel cylinder 5 has a first fuel supply path 5A for supplying compressed natural gas to the fuel supply body 10 of the first stage burner B1, and a downstream fuel supply body 17 for the second stage burner B2. A second fuel supply path 5B for supplying compressed natural gas is connected.
The first fuel supply path 5A is provided with a first fuel adjustment valve 22A for adjusting the supply amount of compressed natural gas and a first fuel supply sensor 23A for measuring the supply amount of compressed natural gas. The supply path 5B is provided with a second fuel adjustment valve 22B that adjusts the supply amount of compressed natural gas and a second fuel supply sensor 23B that measures the supply amount of compressed natural gas.

Further, the diluent cylinder 6 is connected to the first diluent supply path 6A connected to the first fuel supply path 5A and the second dilution connected to the second fuel supply path 5B. The agent supply path 6B is connected.
The first diluent supply path 6A is provided with a first diluent adjustment valve 24A that adjusts the supply amount of carbon dioxide and a first diluent supply sensor 25A that measures the supply amount of carbon dioxide. The diluent supply path 6B is provided with a second diluent adjustment valve 24B that adjusts the supply amount of carbon dioxide and a second diluent supply sensor 25B that measures the supply amount of carbon dioxide.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the control unit H that controls the combustion of the burner that forms the tubular flame includes the command information of the operation command unit M, the oxygen supply amount detected by the first oxygen supply sensor 21 </ b> A, and the like. Based on the supply amount information, the valves such as the first oxygen control valve 20A are controlled to control the combustion of the burner forming the tubular flame.

That is, the operation command unit M includes the command information for starting combustion, the command information for stopping combustion, the combustion command information for the first combustion method, the combustion command information for the second combustion method, and the first combustion method and the first Various command information such as a fuel supply amount, an oxygen supply amount, and a diluent supply amount in the two combustion methods is commanded.
Based on the command information from the operation command unit M and the measurement information such as the measured oxygen supply amount, the measured fuel supply amount, the measured diluent supply amount, etc., the control unit H In order to control the fuel supply amount, the oxygen supply amount, and the diluent supply amount for B1 and the second stage burner B2, the valves such as the first oxygen control valve 20A are controlled.

  The first stage burner B1 and the second stage burner B2 are equipped with ignition plugs such as spark plugs and flame detectors such as frame rods, and the control unit H starts the ignition plug when starting combustion. And starting the combustion using the spark plug and the flame detector, such as detecting ignition based on the detection information of the flame detector, the control content is well known, In the present embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  Incidentally, in the present embodiment, the side supply means D1 for supplying the combustion chamber N1 with oxygen, compressed natural gas and carbon dioxide as the side introduction gas is the oxygen cylinder 4, the fuel cylinder 5, the diluent cylinder 6, the first oxygen. The control valve 20A, the first fuel control valve 22A, the first diluent control valve 24A and the control unit H are configured as main parts, and an end supply means D2 for supplying oxygen to the combustion chamber N1 as an end-introducing gas is an oxygen cylinder. 4. The third oxygen regulating valve 20C and the control unit H are configured as main parts.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the downstream oxygen introducing means E1 for introducing oxygen into the downstream combustion chamber N2 as downstream introduced oxygen is mainly composed of the oxygen cylinder 4, the second oxygen regulating valve 20B, and the control unit H. The downstream portion supply means E2 for introducing oxygen, compressed natural gas and carbon dioxide into the downstream combustion chamber N2 as the downstream portion introduction gas includes an oxygen cylinder 4, a fuel cylinder 5, a diluent cylinder 6, a second The oxygen control valve 20B, the second fuel control valve 22B, the second diluent control valve 24B, and the control unit H are configured as main parts.

(First combustion method)
Next, a first combustion method in which compressed natural gas (CNG) as fuel is supplied only to the first stage burner B1 and burned will be described.
In this first combustion method, the side supply means D1 for supplying the side introduction gas is on the side of the theoretical oxygen amount necessary for burning the fuel (compressed natural gas) contained in the side introduction gas. The oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the amount of oxygen contained in the part introduction gas is set to a combustion limiting oxygen ratio that is lower than the lower limit at which the fuel can burn, corresponds to the lower limit, or is higher than the lower limit by a set small amount. It is configured.

In the present embodiment, the combustion limiting oxygen ratio is set between 0.2 and 0.4.
Incidentally, the lower limit at which the fuel can be combusted is about 0.3, and the case where the combustion limiting oxygen ratio is set to 0.4 corresponds to the case where the lower limit is set to a ratio higher than the lower limit by a set small amount. Therefore, being high by a set small amount means being about 0.1 higher.

Further, the side supply means D1 mixes a set amount of carbon dioxide with compressed natural gas (CNG) in order to adjust the combustion speed or the ejection speed to an appropriate state.
That is, the oxygen concentration indicating the concentration of the oxygen amount is 20 to the total amount obtained by adding the amount of oxygen contained in the side portion introduction gas and the amount of carbon dioxide that is the amount of carbon dioxide contained in the side portion introduction gas. Carbon dioxide is mixed with compressed natural gas (CNG) so as to be 40%. In this embodiment, for example, carbon dioxide is compressed into compressed natural gas (CNG) so that the oxygen concentration is 30%. It is comprised so that it may mix.

  Further, in this first combustion method, the end supply means D2 for supplying the end introduction gas has a theoretical oxygen amount required for burning the fuel (compressed natural gas) contained in the side introduction gas. The end portion is set so that the oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the total oxygen amount including the oxygen amounts contained in the side portion introduction gas and the end portion introduction gas is higher than the combustion limiting oxygen ratio. It is comprised so that the introduction amount of introduction gas may be defined.

  In this embodiment, the oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the amount of oxygen contained in the end portion introduction gas to the theoretical amount of oxygen necessary for burning the fuel contained in the side portion introduction gas is 0.33. The end portion introduction gas (oxygen) is introduced in a predetermined amount. Therefore, in this embodiment, the combustion oxygen ratio is in the range of 0.53 to 0.73.

  In addition, in this first combustion method, the downstream oxygen introducing means E1 is included in the side introduced gas from the theoretical oxygen amount necessary for burning the fuel (compressed natural gas) contained in the side introduced gas. The oxygen corresponding to the deficient oxygen amount obtained by subtracting the amount of oxygen generated or the set oxygen amount obtained by adding the set surplus amount to the deficient oxygen amount is used as the downstream portion introduction oxygen, and is introduced from the downstream oxygen slit 15s into the downstream combustion chamber N2. It is configured to be introduced.

  In the present embodiment, the total oxygen amount obtained by adding the oxygen amount contained in the side portion introduction gas and the oxygen amount contained in the downstream portion introduction oxygen burns the fuel (compressed natural gas) contained in the side portion introduction gas. In other words, the oxygen introduced into the downstream portion is 1.1 so that the overall oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the total oxygen amount to the theoretical oxygen amount is 1.1. As shown, oxygen is introduced.

That is, in this first combustion method, the side introduced gas is introduced into the combustion chamber in a state where the combustion limiting oxygen ratio is set between 0.2 and 0.4 and the oxygen concentration is set to 30%. The end portion introduction gas is configured to be supplied to the combustion chamber N1 in a state where the combustion oxygen ratio is set between 0.53 and 0.73.
In addition, the downstream oxygen introduction is introduced into the downstream combustion chamber N2 so that the overall oxygen ratio is 1.1.

(Consideration of the first combustion method)
Next, experimental results of the first combustion method will be described.
In this experiment, an oxygen ratio (first-stage burner) indicating the ratio of the amount of oxygen contained in the side introduced gas to the theoretical amount of oxygen required for burning the fuel (compressed natural gas) contained in the side introduced gas. (Oxygen ratio) β1 is burned in a form in which it is changed in four stages of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8, and the combustion state is passed through the opening of the combustion cylinder 3 to the camera Cm (FIG. 7), and the imaging result (captured image) is shown in the table of FIG.

Incidentally, this experiment was performed in a state where compressed natural gas was supplied so that the combustion amount of the first stage burner B1 was 10 KW.
Then, the axial oxygen as the end-introducing gas is introduced at 10 L / min, and the end-introducing gas is used with respect to the theoretical oxygen amount required to burn the compressed natural gas contained in the side-introducing gas. The downstream portion introduced oxygen was introduced into the downstream combustion chamber N2 so that the oxygen ratio βax indicating the ratio of the amount of oxygen contained was 0.33 and the overall oxygen ratio was 1.1.

The upper part of the table of FIG. 7 shows the result when the end introduction gas (axial oxygen) is not introduced, and the lower part shows the result when the end introduction gas (axial oxygen) is introduced.
In the state where the first stage burner oxygen ratio β1 is set to 0.2 or 0.4 which is the limiting oxygen ratio for combustion, when the end introduction gas (axial oxygen) is introduced, the first stage burner B1 A tubular flame Fu is formed in the combustion chamber N1.

On the other hand, when the end portion introduction gas (axial oxygen) is not introduced, the first stage burner oxygen ratio β1 is set to 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, or 0.8. However, the tubular flame Fu is not formed in the combustion chamber N1 of the first-stage burner B1, but the attached flame Ft is formed.
Incidentally, when the first stage burner oxygen ratio β1 is set to 0.2, no flame is formed in the first stage burner B1, and the fire extinguishing state is established.

Further, even when the end portion introduction gas (axial oxygen) is introduced, if the first stage burner oxygen ratio β1 is set to 0.6 and 0.8, the combustion chamber N1 of the first stage burner B1 has a tubular shape. The attached flame Ft is formed without forming the flame Fu.
In the captured image shown in the table of FIG. 7, there are light emitting parts such as lines and dots extending in the radial direction. This light emitting part is formed by a spark plug or a flame detector in a heated state. This is caused by light emission.

From the above experimental results, it was confirmed that the tubular flame Fu was formed in the combustion chamber N1 of the first burner B1 by performing the first combustion method described above.
Incidentally, in the downstream combustion chamber N2 of the second stage burner B2, a flame is formed in which the unburned components of the compressed natural gas flowing from the combustion chamber N1 of the first stage burner B1 are combusted. The adhering flame Ft adheres to the inner surface of the downstream combustion chamber N2.

(Second combustion method)
Next, a second combustion method in which compressed natural gas (CNG) is supplied to each of the first stage burner B1 and the second stage burner B2 and burned will be described.
In this second combustion method, the side supply means D1 for supplying the side introduction gas is on the side of the theoretical oxygen amount required to burn the fuel (compressed natural gas) contained in the side introduction gas. The oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the amount of oxygen contained in the part introduction gas is set to a combustion limiting oxygen ratio that is lower than the lower limit at which the fuel can burn, corresponds to the lower limit, or is higher than the lower limit by a set small amount. It is configured.

In the present embodiment, the combustion limiting oxygen ratio is set between 0.2 and 0.4.
Incidentally, as described in the explanation of the first combustion method, the lower limit for combusting the fuel is about 0.3, and the case where the combustion limiting oxygen ratio is set to 0.4 is lower than the lower limit. This corresponds to the case where the ratio is set to a high ratio by the small set amount, and high by the small set amount means that it is about 0.1 higher.

  Further, in the second combustion method, the end supply means D2 for supplying the end introduction gas has a theoretical oxygen amount required for burning the fuel (compressed natural gas) contained in the side introduction gas. The end portion is set so that the oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the total oxygen amount including the oxygen amounts contained in the side portion introduction gas and the end portion introduction gas is higher than the combustion limiting oxygen ratio. It is comprised so that the introduction amount of introduction gas may be defined.

  In this embodiment, the oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the amount of oxygen contained in the end portion introduction gas to the theoretical amount of oxygen necessary for burning the fuel contained in the side portion introduction gas is 0.33. The end portion introduction gas (oxygen) is introduced in a predetermined amount. Therefore, in this embodiment, the combustion oxygen ratio is in the range of 0.53 to 0.73.

  In addition, in the second combustion method, it is necessary for the downstream portion supply means E2 for supplying the downstream portion introduction gas to burn the fuel contained in the total introduced gas including the side portion introduction gas and the downstream portion introduction gas. In the downstream portion introduction gas, the oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the oxygen amount contained in the total introduced gas to the theoretical oxygen amount is a stoichiometric ratio or an oxygen ratio for the total introduced gas higher than the stoichiometric ratio. It is configured to determine the amount of oxygen contained.

  In this embodiment, the total amount of oxygen obtained by adding the amount of oxygen contained in the side portion introduction gas and the amount of oxygen contained in the downstream portion introduction gas is the fuel (compressed natural gas) contained in the side portion introduction gas and the downstream portion introduction. In other words, the total oxygen with respect to the theoretical oxygen amount of the total fuel is 1.1 times the theoretical oxygen amount necessary for burning the total fuel with the fuel contained in the gas (compressed natural gas). Oxygen is introduced as the downstream portion introduction oxygen so that the overall oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the amount is 1.1.

  Furthermore, in this second combustion method, the side supply means D1 mixes a set amount of carbon dioxide with compressed natural gas (CNG) in order to adjust the combustion speed or the jetting speed to an appropriate state, and downstream. The part supply means E2 mixes a set amount of carbon dioxide with compressed natural gas (CNG) in order to adjust the combustion speed or the ejection speed to an appropriate state.

  That is, the amount of oxygen contained in the side portion introduction gas, the amount of carbon dioxide that is the amount of carbon dioxide contained in the side portion introduction gas, the amount of oxygen contained in the downstream portion introduction gas, and the carbon dioxide contained in the downstream portion introduction gas The total burner showing the oxygen concentration of the total oxygen amount in which the oxygen amount contained in the side portion introduction gas and the oxygen amount contained in the downstream portion introduction gas is added to the total gas amount plus the carbon dioxide amount which is the amount of Carbon dioxide is mixed with compressed natural gas (CNG) contained in the side portion introduction gas or the downstream portion introduction gas so that the oxygen concentration of the gas does not exceed the set concentration.

  In this embodiment, for example, carbon dioxide is mixed with compressed natural gas (CNG) contained in the side introduction gas or the downstream introduction gas so that the oxygen concentration of the entire burner is 50% or less. Yes.

  Carbon dioxide supplied so that the oxygen concentration of the entire burner is 50% or less is converted into compressed natural gas (CNG) contained in the side introduction gas and compressed natural gas (CNG) contained in the downstream introduction gas. The distribution ratio may be determined as appropriate, for example, by determining the ratio according to the ratio between the amount of oxygen contained in the side portion introduction gas and the amount of oxygen contained in the downstream portion introduction gas. .

That is, the second combustion method is configured to supply the side introduction gas to the combustion chamber N1 in a state where the combustion limiting oxygen ratio is set between 0.2 and 0.4, The end portion introduction gas is supplied to the combustion chamber N1 in a state where the combustion oxygen ratio is set between 0.53 and 0.73.
In addition to the theoretical oxygen amount required to burn the total fuel of the fuel contained in the side introduction gas (compressed natural gas) and the fuel contained in the downstream introduction gas (compressed natural gas) Introducing oxygen as downstream introduction oxygen so that the overall oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the total oxygen amount including the oxygen amount contained in the part introduction gas and the oxygen amount contained in the downstream part introduction gas is 1.1. It is configured.

  Further, the side introduced gas is combusted in a state where carbon dioxide is mixed with the compressed natural gas (CNG) contained in the side introduced gas or the downstream introduced gas so that the oxygen concentration of the entire burner is 50% or less. It supplies to the chamber N1, and is comprised so that downstream part introduction gas may be supplied to the downstream combustion chamber N2.

(Consideration of second combustion method)
Next, experimental results of the second combustion method will be described.
In this experiment, an oxygen ratio (first-stage burner) indicating the ratio of the amount of oxygen contained in the side introduced gas to the theoretical amount of oxygen required for burning the fuel (compressed natural gas) contained in the side introduced gas. With the oxygen ratio (β1) set to 0.2, which is the combustion limiting oxygen ratio, the burner is burned in such a manner that the oxygen concentration of the entire burner is changed in four stages of 48%, 53%, 59%, and 67%. The combustion state is imaged by the camera Cm (see FIG. 1) through the opening of the combustion cylinder 3, and the imaging result is shown in the table of FIG.

By the way, this experiment shows the amount of oxygen contained in the side introduction gas and the downstream of the theoretical oxygen amount of the total fuel of the compressed natural gas contained in the side introduction gas and the compressed natural gas contained in the downstream introduction gas. The amount of oxygen contained in the downstream portion introduction gas was determined so that the overall oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the total amount of oxygen to the amount of oxygen contained in the portion introduction gas was 1.1.
Moreover, axial oxygen as an end portion introduction gas was introduced at 10 L / min.

  The upper part of the table of FIG. 8 is a state in which compressed natural gas of 10 KW is combusted in the first stage burner B1 and 5.5 KW is combusted in the second stage burner B2, and the total combustion amount is 15 kW. The lower part shows the result of burning 5.5 kW of compressed natural gas in the first stage burner B1 and burning 10 kW in the second stage burner B2, with the overall combustion amount being 15 kW. The result when it is made to burn is shown.

  In both the upper and lower stages of the table of FIG. 8, the lower the oxygen concentration of the entire burner, the more the adhesion flame Ft and the bright flame tend to disappear, and the flame formed in the combustion chamber N1 of the first burner B1 It turns out that it approaches the tubular flame Fu, and when the oxygen concentration of the whole burner is 50% or less, the tubular flame Fu is formed in the combustion chamber N1 of the first burner B1.

  The image shown in the table of FIG. 8 has a light emitting portion such as a line shape or a dot shape extending in the radial direction as in the image shown in the table of FIG. As described in the column of the experimental results of the first combustion method, this is caused by light emission from a spark plug or a flame detector in a heated state.

From the above experimental results, it was confirmed that the tubular flame Fu was formed in the combustion chamber N1 of the first stage burner B1 by performing the second combustion method described above.
Incidentally, in the downstream combustion chamber N2 of the second stage burner B2, an unburned compressed natural gas flowing from the combustion chamber N1 of the first stage burner B1 and a flame in which the supplied compressed natural gas burns are formed. However, this flame becomes an attached flame that adheres to the inner surface of the downstream combustion chamber N2. Nevertheless, if the oxygen concentration of the entire burner is less than 50% (48% in FIG. 8), the flame of the second stage burner is almost free of adhesion and approaches a tubular flame.

(Glass raw material melting method)
As shown in FIG. 9, a burner that forms a tubular flame is installed in the heating furnace R in a vertical posture in which the first-stage burner B1, the second-stage burner B2, and the combustion cylinder 3 are arranged from the upper side to the lower side. The granular material supply means K for supplying the glass raw material powder Gf as the heating granular material is configured to supply the glass raw material powder Gf to the combustion chamber N1 along with the end introduction gas.

That is, the granular material supply means K is configured to include a feeding roll 27 that feeds the stored glass raw material powder Gf by a set amount to the hopper 26 that stores the glass raw material powder Gf.
In the present embodiment, the glass raw material powder Gf fed from the hopper 26 is mixed with oxygen supplied from the oxygen cylinder 4 using a venturi mixer 28, and the oxygen mixed with the glass raw material powder Gf is mixed with oxygen. It is configured to be supplied to the guide tube 12.
In FIG. 9, in order to simplify the drawing, the description of the third oxygen control valve 20C and the third oxygen supply sensor 21C that are disposed between the oxygen cylinder 4 and the mixer 28 is omitted. doing.

Therefore, the glass raw material powder Gf as the heated granular material is supplied to the combustion chamber N1 along with oxygen as the end introduction gas, and is melted by the heat treatment.
Further, a glass storage tank 29 for recovering the molten glass Gm that has been heated and melted is provided at a lower portion of the burner that forms a tubular flame, and is provided inside the first-stage burner B1 and the second-stage burner B2. The glass raw material powder Gf melted by this heat treatment or the heat treatment inside the combustion furnace R is recovered in the glass storage tank 29 as the molten glass Gm.

  Incidentally, when the glass raw material powder Gf is subjected to the melting treatment, any of the above-described first combustion method and second combustion method can be used as a burner combustion method for forming a tubular flame. However, since a high temperature is required for melting the glass raw material powder Gf, the second combustion method is preferable.

[Another embodiment]
Next, another embodiment is listed.
(1) In the above embodiment, the case where the burner forming the tubular flame includes the second-stage burner B2 in addition to the first-stage burner B1, but the second-stage burner B2 is omitted is implemented. May be.
In this case, each of the side introduced gas and the end introduced gas with respect to the combustion oxygen ratio, that is, the theoretical oxygen amount required to burn the fuel (compressed natural gas) contained in the side introduced gas. The oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the total oxygen amount combined with the oxygen amount contained is set within a range of, for example, 0.95 to 1.2, and the fuel (compressed natural gas) contained in the side portion introduction gas is Combustion is performed in a state where generation of fuel is suppressed. By the way, it has been confirmed by experiments that a tubular flame can be formed even when the oxygen supply amount at the end is increased so that the overall oxygen ratio becomes more than the stoichiometry.

(2) In the above embodiment, compressed natural gas is exemplified as the fuel. However, the “fuel” in the present invention means a fuel that can be supplied to the combustion chamber N1 or the downstream combustion chamber N2, and is a so-called gaseous state. In addition to the fuel gas, liquid fuel (one that is pre-evaporated before being introduced into the combustion chamber N1 and the downstream combustion chamber N2 and introduced into the combustion chamber N1 as a fuel gas, and the combustion chamber N1 and the downstream combustion chamber as a liquid) After being sprayed on N2 and evaporating to become fuel gas).

(3) In the above embodiment, fuel, oxygen, and a diluent are shown as the side introduction gas introduced into the combustion chamber N1, but the diluent is omitted and the fuel and oxygen are used as the side introduction gas. You may implement by the form to introduce.
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the fuel, oxygen, and the diluent were shown as downstream part introduction gas introduced into the downstream combustion chamber N2, a diluent is abbreviate | omitted and fuel and oxygen are side part introduction gas. May be implemented in the form introduced as

(4) In the above embodiment, as the mode of introducing oxygen, fuel and diluent into the combustion chamber N1 as the side introduction gas, a mode of introducing oxygen and fuel separately and mixing the diluent with the fuel is illustrated. However, a diluent may be mixed with oxygen, or a form in which oxygen, fuel, and diluent are introduced in a premixed state may be employed. Incidentally, for the purpose of suppressing the adhesion of the flame, it is advantageous to add a diluent to the fuel.
Incidentally, as a form in which the diluent is omitted and oxygen and fuel are introduced into the combustion chamber N1 as the side introduction gas, oxygen and fuel are separately introduced and mixed in the combustion chamber N1. Alternatively, it is possible to adopt a mode in which oxygen and fuel are introduced in a premixed state.

(5) In the above embodiment, oxygen, fuel, and diluent are introduced into the downstream combustion chamber N2 as the downstream portion introduction gas, and oxygen and fuel are separately introduced, and the diluent is mixed with the fuel. Although a diluent may be mixed with oxygen, a form in which oxygen, fuel, and diluent are mixed in advance, or a form in which oxygen, fuel, and diluent are separately introduced are adopted. May be.
Incidentally, as a form in which the diluent is omitted and oxygen and fuel are introduced into the downstream combustion chamber N2 as the downstream portion introduction gas, oxygen and fuel are separately introduced into the downstream combustion chamber N2. And a form in which oxygen and fuel are introduced in a premixed state can be employed.

(6) In the above-described embodiment, the form in which only oxygen is introduced as the end portion introduction gas is exemplified. However, the end portion introduction gas may be implemented in a form in which oxygen and a diluent are introduced.
In this case, a form in which oxygen and a diluent are introduced separately or a form in which oxygen and a diluent are introduced in a premixed state can be employed.

(7) In the above embodiment, the form in which only oxygen is introduced as the downstream part introduced oxygen in the first combustion method is exemplified, but the present invention may be implemented in a form in which oxygen and diluent are introduced as the downstream part introduced gas. Good.
In this case, a form in which oxygen and a diluent are introduced separately or a form in which oxygen and a diluent are introduced in a premixed state can be employed.
In addition, when performing combustion synthesis, the raw material required for it is supplied. When a part of the raw material is a gas, it can be used as a carrier gas.

(8) In the above embodiment, the case where the downstream combustion chamber N2 is formed with a larger diameter than the combustion chamber N1 is illustrated, but the downstream combustion chamber N2 is formed in the same diameter as the combustion chamber N1. May be.

(9) In the above embodiment, carbon dioxide is exemplified as the diluent, but other gases may be used.
That is, as the diluent, it is appropriate to use an inert gas, and the carbon dioxide and argon described in the above embodiment are typical, but when nitrogen oxide is not a problem, nitrogen is used as the diluent. Can also be used.

7 Inlet 15 Downstream side inlet D1 Side supply means D2 End supply means E1 Downstream oxygen introduction means E2 Downstream supply means Gf Powder for heating K Powder supply means N1 Combustion chamber N2 Downstream combustion chamber

Claims (8)

From the inlet opening in the shape of a slit that is long in the cylinder axis direction of the combustion chamber to the side of the cylindrical combustion chamber that is closed at one end and opened at the other end, oxygen and Fuel, or those and a diluent, are introduced into the combustion chamber as a side introduction gas, and oxygen extends from the closed end of the combustion chamber along the cylinder axis direction of the combustion chamber. Or, a combustion method of a burner that forms a tubular flame by introducing oxygen and a diluent into the cylindrical shaft center portion of the combustion chamber as an end introduction gas,
The oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the amount of oxygen contained in the side introduction gas to the theoretical amount of oxygen required to burn the fuel contained in the side introduction gas is lower than the lower limit at which the fuel can burn , Set to a combustion limiting oxygen ratio corresponding to the lower limit, or higher by a set small amount than the lower limit, and
The ratio of the total oxygen amount in which the oxygen amount contained in each of the side portion introduction gas and the end portion introduction gas is combined with the theoretical oxygen amount necessary for burning the fuel contained in the side portion introduction gas. A burner combustion method for forming a tubular flame, characterized in that an introduction amount of the end portion introduction gas is determined so that an oxygen ratio indicating a combustion oxygen ratio is higher than the combustion limiting oxygen ratio. A downstream combustion chamber that is open at both ends and formed to have the same diameter as or larger than the diameter of the combustion chamber is provided in a form that is connected to the end of the combustion chamber on the opening side. And
Included in the side introduction gas from the downstream inlet opening in the side of the downstream combustion chamber in a slit shape that is long in the cylinder axis direction of the downstream combustion chamber toward the tangential direction of the downstream combustion chamber surface Oxygen corresponding to a set oxygen amount obtained by adding a set surplus amount to the deficient oxygen amount or the deficient oxygen amount obtained by subtracting the oxygen amount contained in the side introduction gas from the theoretical oxygen amount required for burning the fuel 2. The burner combustion method for forming a tubular flame according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen and diluent are introduced into the downstream combustion chamber as downstream portion introduction oxygen. A downstream combustion chamber that is open at both ends and formed to have the same diameter as or larger than the diameter of the combustion chamber is provided in a form that is connected to the end of the combustion chamber on the opening side. And
Oxygen and fuel, or these, from the downstream side inlet opening in the side of the downstream side combustion chamber in the shape of a slit long in the cylinder axis direction of the downstream side combustion chamber toward the tangential direction of the downstream side combustion chamber surface And a diluent as a downstream portion introduction gas introduced into the downstream combustion chamber,
Oxygen indicating the ratio of the amount of oxygen contained in the total introduced gas to the theoretical amount of oxygen required to burn the fuel contained in the total introduced gas including the side portion introduced gas and the downstream portion introduced gas The tubular flame according to claim 1, wherein the amount of oxygen contained in the downstream introduction gas is determined so that the ratio becomes a stoichiometric ratio or an oxygen ratio for the total introduced gas higher than the stoichiometric ratio. Burner burning method to be formed.   The combustion method of the burner which forms the tubular flame of any one of Claims 1-3 which supplies the granular material for to-be-heated to the said combustion chamber with the said edge part introduction gas. From the inlet opening in the shape of a slit long in the cylinder axial direction of the combustion chamber toward the tangential direction of the combustion chamber surface from the side surface portion of the cylindrical combustion chamber whose one end is closed and the other end is opened. Fuel, or those and a diluent, are introduced into the combustion chamber as a side introduction gas, and oxygen extends from the closed end of the combustion chamber along the cylinder axis direction of the combustion chamber. Alternatively, a burner that forms a tubular flame by introducing oxygen and a diluent into the cylindrical shaft center portion of the combustion chamber as an end-introducing gas,
The ratio of the amount of oxygen contained in the side introduction gas with respect to the theoretical amount of oxygen required for burning the fuel contained in the side introduction gas by the side supply means for supplying the side introduction gas. The oxygen ratio shown is configured to be set to a combustion limiting oxygen ratio that is lower than the lower limit at which fuel can burn, corresponds to the lower limit, or slightly higher than the lower limit,
The end supply means for supplying the end-introducing gas has a relationship between the side-introducing gas and the end-introducing gas with respect to the theoretical oxygen amount required to burn the fuel contained in the side-introducing gas. The amount of introduction of the end portion introduction gas is determined so that the oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the total oxygen amount combined with the oxygen amount contained in each is a combustion oxygen ratio higher than the combustion limiting oxygen ratio. A burner for forming a tubular flame characterized by being formed. A downstream combustion chamber that is open at both ends and formed to have the same diameter as or larger than the diameter of the combustion chamber is provided in a form that is connected to the end of the combustion chamber on the opening side. And
The downstream side oxygen as the downstream introduced oxygen from the downstream side inlet port that opens in the shape of a slit long in the cylinder axis direction of the downstream side combustion chamber to the tangential direction of the downstream side combustion chamber surface on the side surface portion of the downstream side combustion chamber Insufficient oxygen obtained by subtracting the amount of oxygen contained in the side portion introduction gas from the theoretical amount of oxygen required for the downstream portion oxygen introduction means introduced into the combustion chamber to burn the fuel contained in the side portion introduction gas. The tubular tube according to claim 5, wherein oxygen corresponding to a set oxygen amount obtained by adding a set surplus amount to an amount or a deficient oxygen amount or oxygen and a diluent thereof are introduced as the downstream portion introduction oxygen. A burner that forms a flame. A downstream combustion chamber that is open at both ends and formed to have the same diameter as or larger than the diameter of the combustion chamber is provided in a form that is connected to the end of the combustion chamber on the opening side. And
Oxygen and fuel, or these, from a downstream guide opening in the shape of a slit long in the cylinder axis direction of the downstream combustion chamber toward the tangential direction of the downstream combustion chamber surface on the side surface of the downstream combustion chamber And a diluent are introduced into the downstream combustion chamber as a downstream part introduction gas, and the fuel contained in the total introduction gas including the side part introduction gas and the downstream part introduction gas is combusted. So that the oxygen ratio indicating the ratio of the oxygen amount contained in the total introduced gas to the theoretical oxygen amount required for the total introduced gas becomes a stoichiometric ratio or an oxygen ratio for the total introduced gas higher than the stoichiometric ratio, The burner for forming a tubular flame according to claim 5, wherein the burner is configured to determine an amount of oxygen contained in the downstream portion introduction gas.   The granular material supply means which supplies the granular material for to-be-heated is comprised so that the said granular material may be supplied to the said combustion chamber with the said edge part introduction gas. A burner for forming the tubular flame according to item 1.

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