JP2015104525A - Method and apparatus for preventing spread of fire - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily spray fire-retardant foaming agent.SOLUTION: A fire spread prevention method includes a formation step of causing a fire spread prevention device 20 to discharge foaming agent to be foamed and solidified and discharging the discharged foaming agent to a fire-retardant material so as to form fire-retardant foaming agent 30 on a fire spread prevention object 10. The fire spread prevention device 20 includes a first nozzle 23 for discharging the foaming agent, and a second nozzle 25 for discharging the fire-retardant agent. The first nozzle 23 discharges the foaming agent, and the second nozzle 25 discharges the fire-retardant material to the discharged foaming agent, so as to form the frame-retardant foaming agent 30 on the fire spread prevention object 10. At that time, the frame-retardant material may be discharged to the foaming agent that is formed on the fire spread prevention object and currently foamed and solidified. Alternatively, the frame-retardant material may be discharged to the foaming agent that is currently discharged, before being formed on the fire spread prevention object 10.

Description

  The present invention relates to a fire spread prevention method and a fire spread prevention device.

  Conventionally, by spraying the solution concentration of polyurethane foam blended with high-hardness and coarse refractory powder raw material (flame retardant) with an organic solvent that satisfies specific conditions, spray coating of this fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material becomes possible. A method for spraying a refractory heat insulating coating material has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this method, by using an organic solvent having a boiling point of 130 ° C. or less, for example, an ester solvent and a ketone solvent having a boiling point of about 70 ° C., a fireproof and heat insulating coating material mainly composed of a two-component polyurethane foamed resin can be easily obtained. It can be sprayed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-3235

  However, in the above-mentioned fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material of Patent Document 1, it has been devised to reduce its viscosity with an organic solvent, but it is still not sufficient, and when using a foaming agent to which a flame retardant is added, Since the nozzle is likely to be clogged, further improvement has been desired. Further, since the coating material of Patent Document 1 uses an organic solvent having a lower boiling point, it may be difficult to use it for spraying treatment at a relatively high temperature place, for example, a fire site.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a subject, and it aims at providing the fire-spreading prevention method which can spray-process a flame-retardant foaming agent more easily.

  As a result of diligent research to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present inventors drastically reduce the ease of spraying when a flame retardant is mixed with a foaming agent, but if these are sprayed separately, the spraying process is more easily performed. It has been found that it can be carried out, and the present invention has been completed.

That is, the fire spread method of the present invention is:
A fire spread prevention method for preventing the spread of a fire spread object,
And a forming step of forming a flame retardant foaming agent on the fire spread prevention object by discharging a foaming agent to be solidified and discharging a flame retardant to the discharged foaming agent.

The fire spread prevention device of the present invention is
A fire spread prevention device for preventing the spread of a fire spread object,
A first nozzle that discharges a foaming agent to be solidified;
A second nozzle for discharging a flame retardant,
The first nozzle discharges a foaming agent, and the second nozzle discharges a flame retardant to the discharged foaming agent, thereby forming a flame retardant foaming agent on the fire spread prevention object.

  In the present invention, the flame-retardant foaming agent can be sprayed more easily. For example, when a flame-retardant or non-flammable material is added to the raw material of the foam material, not only the viscosity is increased, but a relatively large inorganic powder is included in the raw material. And when spraying, this inorganic powder and the solidified foaming agent are easy to gather, it becomes easy to block | close a nozzle, and spraying may become difficult. In this invention, since a foaming agent and a flame retardant are discharged separately, such blockage | closure of a nozzle can be suppressed more. Therefore, the flame retardant foaming agent can be sprayed more easily.

Explanatory drawing of the outline | summary of the fire spread prevention method of this invention. Explanatory drawing which discharges a flame retardant with respect to the foaming agent in foaming solidification. Explanatory drawing which discharges a flame retardant with respect to the foaming agent in discharge. Photograph after spraying flame retardant foaming agent.

  Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of the outline of the fire spread prevention method of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for discharging the flame retardant to the foaming agent during foaming and solidification. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for discharging the flame retardant to the foaming agent being discharged. As shown in FIG. 1, the fire spread prevention method of the present invention is such that the fire spread prevention device 20 discharges a foaming agent that foams and solidifies, and discharges a flame retardant to the discharged foaming agent. A forming step of forming 30 on the fire spread prevention object 10. For example, if there is a fire building nearby, water may be discharged to other buildings to prevent the spread of fire. However, the window glass may be broken or the water discharge effect may not be obtained. Here, the fire spread is prevented by forming a layer of the flame retardant foaming agent 30 on the outer wall of the fire spread prevention object 20 with respect to the fire spread prevention object 10 using the fire spread prevention device 20. The “flame retardant” means a material that is difficult to burn, and includes quasi-incombustible materials and non-combustible materials.

  The fire spread prevention device 20 of the present invention includes a first discharge device 22 that contains a foaming agent and applies pressure to the foaming agent, a first nozzle 23 that discharges the foaming agent pressurized by the first discharge device 22, and a flame retardant. And a second nozzle 24 that discharges the flame retardant pressurized by the second discharge device 24 may be provided. At this time, in the fire spread prevention device 20, the first nozzle 23 discharges the foaming agent, and the second nozzle 25 discharges the flame retardant to the discharged foaming agent, whereby the flame retardant foaming agent 30 is spread over the fire prevention object 10. To form. This fire spread prevention device 20 may be mounted on a fire engine.

  In the fire spread prevention method of the present invention, in the forming step, as shown in FIG. 2, the flame retardant material may be discharged to the foaming agent formed on the fire spread prevention object 10 and being foamed and solidified. If it carries out like this, since the layer of a flame retardant is made on the surface of a foaming agent, the fire spread of the fire spread prevention target object 10 can be prevented. Moreover, since the foaming agent and the flame retardant are discharged from separate nozzles, the occurrence of nozzle clogging can be further suppressed, and the flame retardant foaming agent can be sprayed more easily.

  In the fire spread prevention method of the present invention, in the forming step, as shown in FIG. 3, the flame retardant material may be discharged to the blowing agent being discharged before being formed on the fire spread prevention object 10. In this way, since a layer in which the foaming agent and the flame retardant are mixed to some extent is formed, it is possible to prevent the fire spread of the fire spread prevention object 10. Moreover, since the foaming agent and the flame retardant are discharged from separate nozzles, the occurrence of nozzle clogging can be further suppressed, and the flame retardant foaming agent can be sprayed more easily.

  In the fire spread prevention method of the present invention, the foaming agent is not particularly limited as long as it foams and solidifies. For example, urethane foam is preferable. Foamed urethane is preferred because it is relatively quick to spray and solidify and is easy to handle. This urethane foam may be, for example, a two-component urethane foam that mixes the first liquid and the second liquid. At this time, the first liquid may be a liquid containing a polyol, and the second liquid may be a liquid containing a polyisocyanate. Polyols contained in the first liquid are, for example, polyester polyols derived from organic dicarboxylic acids and polyhydric alcohols, polyester polyols derived from lactones, castor oil, castor oil-modified polyols, polyether polyols, epoxy-modified polyols, silicon Based polyols and the like. These polyols may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Examples of the organic dicarboxylic acid include phthalic acid, adipic acid, dimerized linolenic acid, maleic acid and the like. Examples of the polyhydric alcohol include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, hexanetriol, glycerin, pentaerythritol and the like. Examples of the polyester polyol include polybutyrolactone and polyvalerolactone. Examples of the polyether polyol include poly (oxypropylene) glycol. The first liquid may contain a crosslinking agent. Examples of the crosslinking agent include aliphatic diols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, aliphatic diamines such as ethylene diamine and propylene diamine, and aromatic amines such as aniline and phenylene diamine. Examples of the polyisocyanate contained in the second liquid include hexamethylene diisocyanate, octamethylene diisocyanate, and tolylene diisocyanate. The mixing ratio of the first liquid and the second liquid is not particularly limited. For example, the total number of active hydrogens of the polyol and the crosslinking agent in the first liquid and the moles of isocyanate groups of the polyisocyanate in the second liquid are as follows. It is preferable that the number is approximately equal.

  In the fire spread prevention method of the present invention, the flame retardant is not particularly limited as long as it makes the foaming agent flame retardant or incombustible, but at least one of carbon material, ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, and aluminum hydroxide is used. It is preferable to include. The flame retardant is preferably discharged so as to be 10 to 150 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the foaming agent. As the carbon material, for example, it is preferable to use thermally expandable graphite. The expandable graphite is, for example, graphite having a property that when heated, a compound existing between graphite layers is thermally decomposed to expand as a whole. This expansive graphite is formed by, for example, graphite acid sulfate, sodium graphite, potassium graphite, halogenated graphite, graphite oxide, aluminum chloride graphitized material, ferric chloride graphite, etc. existing between the graphite layers and thermally decomposing. It may be thermally expanded. The ammonium polyphosphate may be microencapsulated by coating with a resin. Further, the flame retardant may further include a melamine compound powder or a pentaerythritol powder. Moreover, as a flame retardant, you may contain 1 type, or 2 or more types of auxiliary components other than the above-mentioned thing as needed. Auxiliary components include, for example, silica, talc, barium sulfate, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, kaolin, calcium hydrogen phosphate, hectorite, sodium sulfite heptahydrate, ettringite, alunite, talc (Blues stone), diaspore, Gibbs stone (Hydragillite), kaolinite, montmorillonite, serpentine, slaked lime, gypsum, zinc phosphate and the like.

  In the fire spread prevention method of the present invention, the method for discharging the flame retardant may be, for example, one that is scattered by compressed air and discharged from the second nozzle 25.

  The fire spread prevention method and fire spread prevention device 20 of the present invention described above can spray the flame retardant foaming agent more easily. For example, when a flame-retardant or non-flammable material is added to the raw material of the foam material, not only the viscosity is increased, but a relatively large inorganic powder is included in the raw material. And when spraying, this inorganic powder and the solidified foaming agent are easy to gather, it becomes easy to block | close a nozzle, and spraying may become difficult. In this invention, since a foaming agent and a flame retardant are discharged separately, such blockage | closure of a nozzle can be suppressed more. Therefore, the flame retardant foaming agent can be sprayed more easily.

  It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it goes without saying that the present invention can be implemented in various modes as long as it belongs to the technical scope of the present invention.

  Below, the result of having done the heating test of the fire spread prevention target object which sprayed the flame-retardant foaming agent is demonstrated as a reference example.

[Reference Example 1]
Thermally expandable graphite (commercially available product), microcapsules coated with ammonium polyphosphate powder with a melamine resin, aluminum sulfate powder, and aluminum hydroxide powder (commercially available product) were mixed to obtain a noncombustible material. A polyol aqueous foaming agent (commercial product) is used as the first liquid of the polyurethane resin, and a polyisocyanate (commercial product) is used as the second liquid of the polyurethane resin. I sprayed against it. At this time, incombustible material was also sprayed. The ratios of the first liquid, the second liquid, and the non-combustible material were 25 to 40% by mass for the first liquid, 25 to 40% by mass for the second liquid, and 20 to 50% by mass for the flame retardant. A plurality of foaming agent samples were prepared by changing the composition within this range. As the fire spread prevention object, a veneer plate, a glass plate, a steel plate, an aluminum plate, a calcium silicate plate, a vinyl chloride plate, an FRP plate, a gypsum board, and rock wool were used. FIG. 4 is a photograph after spraying the flame retardant foaming agent. As shown in FIG. 4, it was possible to spray all the fire spread prevention objects.

(Expansion prevention experiment)
A flame was brought into contact with the sprayed sample with a gas burner for a maximum of 20 minutes, and the appearance was observed. As a result, in the experiment of a glass plate, a steel plate, an aluminum plate, a calcium silicate plate, a gypsum board, and rock wool, there was no afterflame and no residue. In the plywood experiment, the plywood was carbonized. About this, it was guessed that the countermeasure against carbonization was possible by making the thickness of spray material uniform or thick. Since the vinyl chloride plate and the FRP plate were melted, the experiment was terminated halfway. However, there was no afterflame and no residue. Thus, it was found that the flame retardant foaming agent of the present invention can prevent the spread of fire.

  The present invention can be used in the technical field of fire extinguishing agents.

  10 fire spread prevention object, 20 fire spread prevention device, 22 first discharge device, 23 first nozzle, 24 second discharge device, 25 second nozzle, 30 flame retardant foaming agent.

Claims (6)

A fire spread prevention method for preventing the spread of a fire spread object,
A fire spread prevention method comprising: forming a foaming agent to be foamed and solidified, and forming a flame retardant foaming agent on the fire spread prevention object by discharging a flame retardant to the discharged foaming agent.   2. The fire spread prevention method according to claim 1, wherein in the forming step, the flame retardant is discharged to the foaming agent that is formed on the fire spread prevention object and is being foamed and solidified.   The fire spread prevention method according to claim 1, wherein in the forming step, the flame retardant is discharged to the foaming agent that is being discharged before being formed on the fire spread prevention object.   The fire spreading method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the foaming agent is urethane foam.   5. The fire spread prevention method according to claim 1, wherein the flame retardant includes one or more of a carbon material, ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, and aluminum hydroxide. A fire spread prevention device for preventing the spread of a fire spread object,
A first nozzle that discharges a foaming agent to be solidified;
A second nozzle for discharging a flame retardant,
The first nozzle discharges a foaming agent, and the second nozzle discharges a flame retardant to the discharged foaming agent to form a flame retardant foaming agent on the fire spread prevention object.
Fire spread prevention device.