JP2015101580A - Multiple drug resistant gram positive bacterium antibacterial agent and external preparation - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a multiple drug resistant Gram positive bacterium antibacterial agent that comprises a new component to which multiple drug resistant bacteria do not develop resistance, as an active ingredient, and an external preparation comprising the same.SOLUTION: A multiple drug resistant Gram positive bacterium antibacterial agent has an HLB value of larger than 9.5 and 20 or less, and comprises a monoacyl type glycerophospholipid as an active ingredient. An external preparation comprises the multiple drug resistant Gram positive bacterium antibacterial agent.

Description

  The present invention relates to a multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacteria antibacterial agent and an external preparation containing the same.

  Multidrug-resistant bacteria that are resistant to many drugs are a problem. In particular, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a Staphylococcus aureus that is resistant to methicillin, an antibiotic among multidrug-resistant bacteria, and is resistant to multiple antibiotics including methicillin. There is also. MRSA infections are often seen in nosocomial infections, and severe cases of infection are also seen, so that sufficient countermeasures are required.

  As a countermeasure against multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, it is conceivable to use antibiotics for which the bacteria have not acquired resistance. However, the use of antibiotics may generate new resistant bacteria and may be more difficult to counter.

  On the other hand, substances other than antibiotics that have antibacterial properties against gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus are known. For example, Non-Patent Document 1 describes that lysolecithin, which is a kind of lysophospholipid, has bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects of Staphylococcus aureus. Patent Document 1 also describes that lysolecithin suppresses germination of heat-resistant spore bacteria.

JP-A-5-11937

"Inflammation" (USA), Springer, September 1979, 3 (4), p.365-377

  However, Non-Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 1 do not describe that lysolecithin is effective against multidrug-resistant bacteria such as MRSA. Thus, sufficient knowledge has not been obtained about substances other than antibiotics having bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects against multidrug-resistant bacteria and their characteristics.

  In view of the circumstances as described above, the object of the present invention is to provide a multidrug-resistant gram-positive antibacterial agent containing a new component that is not resistant to multidrug-resistant bacteria as an active ingredient, and an external preparation containing the same. It is to provide.

  The inventors of the present invention have intensively studied to achieve the above object. As a result, as an active ingredient of a multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacteria antibacterial agent, the HLB value is greater than 9.5 and 20 or less, and by using monoacyl glycerophospholipid, it is higher than the multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacteria It has been found that it exhibits an antibacterial action, and the present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention
(1) A multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacterial antibacterial agent having an HLB value greater than 9.5 and 20 or less and containing monoacyl glycerophospholipid as an active ingredient.
(2) The multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacteria antibacterial agent according to (1),
The monoacyl glycerophospholipid is a multidrug resistant Gram-positive antibacterial agent containing lysophosphatidylcholine.
(3) The multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacteria antibacterial agent according to (1) or (2),
The monoacyl glycerophospholipid is a multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacterium antibacterial agent containing monoacyl glycerophospholipid derived from egg yolk.
(4) The multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacteria antibacterial agent according to any one of (1) to (3),
A multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria antibacterial agent containing the active ingredient in an amount of 300 ppm or more.
(5) An external preparation containing the multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacteria antibacterial agent according to any one of (1) to (4),
It is.

  Moreover, it is possible to sterilize multi-drug resistant Gram-positive bacteria with an antibacterial agent having an HLB value larger than 9.5 and 20 or less and containing monoacyl glycerophospholipid as an active ingredient. Alternatively, in order to produce a multidrug resistant Gram-positive antibacterial agent, the HLB value is larger than 9.5 and 20 or less, and it becomes possible to use monoacyl glycerophospholipid.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION By this invention, it becomes possible to provide the multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria antibacterial agent which contains the new component which does not have resistance to multidrug-resistant bacteria as an active ingredient, and the external preparation containing this.

It is a schematic diagram for explaining the disk method. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the action mechanism assumed of the antibacterial agent of this invention.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. In the present invention, “%” means “mass%”. In addition, in the following description, the term “antibacterial” or “antibacterial action” broadly means a characteristic that suppresses the growth of bacteria or its action, and includes bactericidal or bactericidal action that kills bacteria and suppresses growth. .

<Features of the present invention>
The multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria antibacterial agent of the present invention has an HLB value greater than 9.5 and 20 or less, and contains monoacyl glycerophospholipid as an active ingredient. Due to such characteristics, an antibacterial agent having good antibacterial properties can be provided even against multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacteria.

<Multi-drug resistant gram-positive bacteria>
Multi-drug resistant Gram-positive bacteria refers to Gram-positive bacteria that are resistant to multiple drugs, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). Penicillin resistant pneumococci (PRSP) and the like.

<Gram positive bacteria>
Gram-positive bacteria refer to bacteria that are stained blue or purple by Gram staining, such as Staphylococcus aureus. Gram-positive bacteria are characterized by having a thick peptidoglycan layer around the cell membrane and not having an outer membrane around the cell membrane. The gram-positive bacterium is not particularly limited, whether it is a gram-positive cocci or a gram-positive bacilli.

<HLB value>
The monoacyl glycerophospholipid of the present invention has an HLB (Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance) value of more than 9.5 and not more than 20, not less than 10 and not more than 19, and not less than 13 and not more than 16. The HLB value is a scale indicating the balance between hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of an amphiphilic compound such as glycerophospholipid, and the larger the value, the higher the hydrophilicity. In general, an amphiphilic compound has the following characteristics depending on its HLB value. That is, a compound having an HLB value of about 1 to 6 is not dispersed in water at all or only partially dispersed. A compound having an HLB value of about 6 to 9.5 is dispersed in water by mixing to become an emulsion. A compound of about 10 to 13 is dissolved in water and becomes, for example, a translucent aqueous solution. A compound having an HLB value of about 13 to 20 is dissolved in water to form, for example, a transparent aqueous solution, but is difficult to dissolve in oil. Monoacyl glycerophospholipids having an HLB value in the above range have relatively high hydrophilicity and are easily dissolved in water. The antibacterial agent of the present invention containing such a monoacyl glycerophospholipid can exhibit a good antibacterial action against multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacteria such as MRSA.

<Calculation method of HLB value>
The HLB value of the monoacyl glycerophospholipid of the present invention can be calculated as follows, for example. That is, when two types of amphiphilic compounds A and B are mixed and oils and fats are emulsified in water using them as emulsifiers, the HLB value that provides the best emulsification is defined as “required HLB value of oils and fats”. When the required HLB of the oil and fat and the HLB value of Compound A are known, the HLB value of Compound B can be determined from the formula (1) by measuring the masses of Compound A and Compound B, respectively. This makes it possible to obtain an appropriate HLB value not only for nonionic surfactants but also for zwitterionic surfactants such as the monoacyl glycerophospholipid of the present invention.
(Required _{HLB) = (X × H A} + Y × H B) / (X + Y) ... (1)
X: Weight of Compound A Y: Weight of Compound B H _A : HLB value of Compound A H _B : HLB value of Compound B

<Monoacyl glycerophospholipid>
The monoacyl glycerophospholipid of the present invention acts as an active ingredient of the antibacterial agent of the present invention. By employing a monoacyl glycerophospholipid having only one acyl group, the hydrophilicity can be appropriately increased, and the HLB value in the above range can be easily satisfied. An acyl group having, for example, about 16 to 20 carbon atoms can be used. Further, since the monoacyl glycerophospholipid of the present invention is a zwitterionic surfactant, it becomes possible to reduce irritation to the skin as compared with anionic surfactants and cationic surfactants. Therefore, by using the antibacterial agent containing the monoacyl glycerophospholipid as an external preparation such as an ointment described later, an external preparation with less irritation can be provided.

<Iodine value of monoacyl glycerophospholipid>
For example, the monoacyl glycerophospholipid has an iodine value of 25 or less, 20 or less, and 9 or less. The iodine value is obtained by converting the amount (g) of halogen that reacts with 100 g of the target substance into the amount of iodine. When the iodine value is low, it can be evaluated that the number of double bonds between carbons contained in the fatty acid constituting the acyl group is small and the ratio of saturated fatty acid is high. Therefore, when the iodine value of the phospholipid is 25 or less, a saturated fatty acid with higher chemical structure stability effectively approaches the cell surface of a multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacterium, and has antibacterial properties. It is thought that it can be demonstrated (refer FIG. 2 mentioned later).

<Iodine number measurement method>
In the present invention, the iodine value can be measured by the Wiis method described below. First, according to the iodine value of the phospholipid as a sample, the amount of sample collected in Table 1 is precisely measured, and 10 mL of cyclohexane is added and dissolved. Next, add exactly 25 mL of iodine monochloride test solution, stopper and shake gently. Then, it is shielded from light at 20 to 30 ° C. and left with proper shaking. The time to leave is the action time in Table 1. Further, 20 mL of potassium iodide solution and 100 mL of water are added and shaken, and then the free iodine is titrated with 0.1 mol / L sodium thiosulfate solution (indicator is starch sample solution 1 mL). A blank test is performed in the same manner.

Then, the iodine value is calculated by the following equation (2).
(Iodine value) = {(ab) × 1.2690} / (Amount of sample (g)) (2)
a: Consumption of 0.1 mol / L sodium thiosulfate solution in the blank test (mL)
b: Consumption of 0.1 mol / L sodium thiosulfate solution when using sample (mL)

<Food-derived monoacyl glycerophospholipid>
The monoacyl glycerophospholipid of the present invention may contain a food-derived monoacyl glycerophospholipid. Thereby, a safer antibacterial agent can be provided. As said food-derived phospholipid, those derived from egg yolk or soybeans can be used.

<Monoacyl glycerophospholipid derived from food: Monoacyl glycerophospholipid derived from egg yolk>
As the egg yolk-derived monoacyl glycerophospholipid, lysed egg yolk phospholipid can be used. Egg yolk phospholipids are also relatively close to phospholipids contained in human cell membranes. Therefore, by using a monoacyl glycerophospholipid derived from egg yolk, it is possible to provide an antibacterial agent having good skin familiarity and high usability. Moreover, since egg yolk phospholipid generally contains 70% or more of phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine can be easily extracted.

<Monoacyl glycerophospholipid: lysophospholipid>
The monoacyl glycerophospholipid of the present invention may contain lysophosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidylinositol, and other lysophospholipids. The lysophospholipid of the present invention refers to a product obtained by hydrolyzing (lysifying) glycerophospholipid with an enzyme such as phospholipase A, followed by extraction and production. That is, the lysophospholipid is a glycerophospholipid that has been converted to a monoacyl type by releasing a part of acyl groups by lysolysis. In the monoacyl glycerophospholipid, for example, 90% or more of all glycerophospholipids may be lysophospholipid. Thereby, the hydrophilicity of the whole monoacyl glycerophospholipid can be appropriately increased. The lysophospholipid is represented by the following chemical formula 1.

（式中、Ｒ_１はアルキル基を表し、Ｘはコリン、エタノールアミン、水酸基、イノシトール等を表す。）

(Wherein R ₁ represents an alkyl group, and X represents choline, ethanolamine, hydroxyl group, inositol, etc.)

<Rhizophosphatidylcholine>
The monoacyl glycerophospholipid of the present invention may contain lysophosphatidylcholine as a lysophospholipid. Lysophosphatidylcholine is a lysozyme of phosphatidylcholine and is also called lysolecithin. The lysophosphatidylcholine is represented by the following chemical formula 2.

（式中、Ｒ_１はアルキル基を表す。）

(In the formula, R ₁ represents an alkyl group.)

<HLB value of lysophosphatidylcholine>
Lysophosphatidylcholine generally has an HLB value of 13 or more and 16 or less, and is included within the range of the HLB value. Thereby, lysophosphatidylcholine can exhibit a stable antibacterial action against multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacteria such as MRSA.

<Rhizophosphatidylcholine derived from egg yolk>
The lysophosphatidylcholine may be derived from egg yolk. Egg yolk-derived lysophosphatidylcholine can be produced, for example, by treating egg yolk fluid under the active conditions of an enzyme such as phospholipase A, followed by ethanol extraction and purification.

  Egg yolk-derived lysophosphatidylcholine is also approved as a raw material for cosmetics, is particularly well-familiar with skin, and is also used as a moisturizing preparation. Thereby, for example, even when an external preparation containing the antibacterial agent is manufactured, it is possible to enhance the feeling of use, enhance the moisture retention of the skin, and enhance the therapeutic effect. Furthermore, by using lysophosphatidylcholine derived from egg yolk, which is a food, it is possible to provide a safer and safer antibacterial agent.

<Iodine value of lysophosphatidylcholine derived from egg yolk>
Further, lysophosphatidylcholine derived from egg yolk can have an iodine value of about 9. Thereby, as described above, it becomes possible to increase the ratio of saturated fatty acids and to exhibit a stable antibacterial action. For example, when lysophosphatidylcholine is derived from soybeans, it is possible to reduce the iodine value to 25 or less by hydrogenation because there are many unsaturated fatty acids in the 1st fatty acid that is not liberated by lysolysis. However, it is difficult to make the iodine value 25 or less unless hydrogen is added. On the other hand, lysophosphatidylcholine derived from egg yolk can keep the iodine value low without treatment such as hydrogenation, which is advantageous in production.

<Antimicrobial agent>
The antibacterial agent of the present invention can be used, for example, as a pharmaceutical additive such as an emulsifier. For example, by adding the antibacterial agent to MRSA sterilization ointment and the like, it is possible to enhance the bactericidal effect against MRSA and the like.

  It can also be added to an anti-inflammatory ointment for skin. As a side effect, patients using immunosuppressive drugs or steroids with immunosuppressive activity have found that multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is prone to proliferate because the immunity of the skin surface is reduced. It has been. Therefore, by adding the antibacterial agent of the present invention to such an anti-inflammatory ointment for patients, it becomes possible to suppress the growth of multidrug-resistant bacteria.

  Or it is also possible to add to the disinfectant etc. with respect to the skin damage site | part for hospitalized patients, such as a pressure ulcer patient. This makes it possible to prevent the risk of transmission of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, which is a problem in the hospital.

  Moreover, the antibacterial agent of this invention can also be used for a quasi drug, for example. Specifically, for example, it can be used as an antibacterial component of a liquid-type or spray-type disinfectant for human bodies or a wet sheet for disinfection. Alternatively, it can also be used as an antibacterial component of a disinfectant for medical devices, hospital linens and other articles.

<Content of active ingredient>
The antibacterial agent may contain the monoacyl glycerophospholipid as an active ingredient in an amount of 300 ppm or more, preferably 5000 ppm or more. Thereby, it becomes possible to exhibit a remarkable antibacterial effect against multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacteria such as MRSA.

<Other antibacterial agents that can be combined>
The antibacterial agent of the present invention can also be used in combination with other antibacterial agents. Examples of such other antibacterial agents include nitroimidazole antibiotics (for example, tinidazole and metronidazole), tetracycline drugs (tetracycline, minocycline, doxycycline), penicillin drugs (for example, amoxiline, ampicillin, tarampicillin, bacampicillin, lenampicillin, mezulocillin). , Sultamicillin), cephalosporins (for example, cefaclor, cefadroxyl, cephalexin, cefpodoxime proxetil, cefixime, cefdinir, ceftibbutene, ceftiaum hexetyl, ceftet pivoxil, cefuroxime actil) (For example, flopenem, lithipenem acoxil), macrolides (for example, erythromycin, oleandomycin, di Samycin, midecamycin, rokitamycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, azithromycin), lincomycins (eg lincomycin, clindamycin), aminoglycosides (eg paromomycin), quinolones (eg ofloxacin, levofloxacin) , Norfloxacin, enoxacin, ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin, tosufloxacin, fleroxacin, spafloxacin, temafloxacin, nadifoxacin, grepafloxacin, pazufoxacin) and nitrofurantoin.

<External preparation>
The multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacteria antibacterial agent of the present invention can be contained in an external preparation. Thereby, the external preparation which has bactericidal and antibacterial action with respect to multi-drug resistant bacteria, such as MRSA, can be provided. Moreover, as an external preparation of this invention, a spray agent, a cream agent, a liquid agent, a gel agent, a lotion agent etc. other than the following ointments are mentioned, for example.

  The external preparation of the present invention may contain lysophosphatidylcholine derived from egg yolk as an antibacterial agent. As described above, lysophosphatidylcholine derived from egg yolk is also approved as a raw material for cosmetics, so that it becomes possible to enhance the moisture retention of the skin and enhance the barrier function of the skin. Thereby, while being able to provide the external preparation with a high usability | use_condition, it also becomes possible to heighten the therapeutic effect as an external preparation.

<Ingredients blended in external preparation>
The external preparation of the present invention includes additives generally used within the range not impairing the effects of the present invention other than the antibacterial agents described above, such as emulsifiers, wetting agents, stabilizers, stabilizers, dispersants, plasticizers, pH adjuster, absorption promoter, gelling agent, preservative, filler, preservative, preservative, pigment, fragrance, refreshing agent, thickener, antioxidant, whitening agent, ultraviolet absorber, bacteriostatic agent, You may mix | blend components, such as a substance which has a bacteriostatic effect, chemical | medical agents, such as an immunosuppressant and a steroid. Examples of the component include cationized polysaccharides (for example, cationized hyaluronic acid, cationized hydroxyethyl cellulose, cationized guar gum, cationized starch, cationized locust bean gum, cationized dextran, cationized chitosan, and cationized honey). ), Anionic surfactants (eg, alkylbenzene sulfonates, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfates, olefin sulfonates, fatty acid salts, dialkylsulfosuccinates, etc.), nonionic surfactants (eg , Polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil derivatives, etc.), cationic surfactants (eg, alkyltrimethylammonium salts, dialkyldimethylammonium salts, alkylpyridines) Um salt, stearyltrimethylammonium chloride, etc.), amphoteric surfactant (eg, alkylbetaine, alkylamidopropylbetaine, imidazolinium betaine, egg yolk lecithin, soybean lecithin, etc.), oil (eg, silicone, silicone derivatives, liquid paraffin, Squalane, beeswax, carnauba wax, olive oil, avocado oil, camellia oil, jojoba oil, horse oil, etc.), moisturizer (eg, sodium hyaluronate, hydrolyzed hyaluronic acid, acetylated hyaluronic acid, dimethylsilanol hyaluronate, ceramide, lauroyl glutamic acid) Diphytosteryl octyldodecyl, phytoglycogen, hydrolyzed eggshell membrane, trehalose, glycerin, atelocollagen, sorbitol, maltitol, 1,3-butylene glycol, etc.), higher fat (Eg, lauric acid, behenic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, etc.), higher alcohols (eg, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, batyl alcohol, etc.), polyhydric alcohols (eg, Glycerin, diglycerin, 1,3-propanediol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, pentylene glycol, etc.), thickener (eg, cellulose ether, carboxyvinyl polymer, xanthan gum, dextrin palmitate, etc.), amphoteric polymer resin Compound (for example, betanated dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate copolymer), cationic polymer resin compound (for example, vinylpyrrolidone / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer) Combined cationized products, polydimethyldiallylammonium halide type cationic polymers, etc.), preservatives (eg, methylparaben, ethylparaben, butylparaben, propylparaben, phenoxyethanol, etc.), antioxidants (eg, tocophenol, BHT, etc.), metals Blocking agents (for example, edetate, etidronate, etc.), UV absorbers (for example, benzophenone derivatives, paraaminobenzoic acid derivatives, methoxycinnamic acid derivatives, etc.), UV reflectors (for example, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, etc.), Protein hydrolyzate (eg, keratin peptide, collagen peptide, soybean peptide, wheat peptide, milk peptide, silk peptide, egg white peptide, etc.), bacteriostatic agent (eg, lysozyme, glycine, sodium acetate, ε-polylysine), immunosuppression Agent Drugs such as steroids (e.g., tacrolimus, cyclosporine, clobetasol propionate, diflorazone acetate, difluprednate, betamethasone dipropionate, diflucortron valerate, fleocinide, amsinonide, betamethasone butyrate propionate, dexamethasone valerate, fradiomycin sulfate, Fluocinolone acetonide, alcromethasone propionate, hydrocortisone / crotamine, etc.), amino acids (eg, arginine, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, hydroxyproline, cysteine, serine, L-theanine, etc.), natural product extracts (kudin extract, kazil extract, tentica extract) , Seaweed extract, eucalyptus extract, royal jelly extract, rosemary extract, beech tree extract, etc.), other functional ingredients (coen Zyme Q10, arbutin, polyquaternium 51, elastin, platinum nanocolloid, retinol palmitate, panthenol, allantoin, sodium lysine dilauroylglutamate, ascorbyl magnesium phosphate, 2-glucoside L-ascorbate, ellagic acid, kojic acid, linoleic acid , Tranexamic acid, etc.), phospholipid polymers, fragrances, and pigments.

<External preparation: Ointment>
The external preparation of the present invention may be an ointment. The ointment containing the antibacterial agent of the present invention can be produced, for example, by melting and kneading the antibacterial agent in a base. Since the antibacterial agent of the present invention has an emulsifying action, it can be well mixed with various bases. The blending amount of the antibacterial agent in the ointment is not particularly limited. Moreover, you may mix | blend the following components with the said ointment as an additive.

<Ingredients blended in ointment>
Ointment bases include higher fatty acids and their esters (adipic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, adipic acid ester, myristic acid ester, palmitic acid ester, diethyl sebacate, hexyl laurate, isooctane Cetyl acid, lanolin and lanolin derivatives, etc.), waxes (whale wax, beeswax, ceresin, etc.), higher alcohols (cetanol, stearyl alcohol, cetostearyl alcohol, etc.), hydrocarbons (hydrophilic petrolatum, white petrolatum, purified lanolin, fluid Paraffin etc.) and animal and vegetable oils, or a mixture of two or more thereof. If desired, in addition to the ointment base, paraffin such as liquid paraffin, lanolin, animal and vegetable oils, natural wax, hydrogenated soybean phospholipid (lecithin) or higher alcohol may be included. The ointment base contained in the ointment of the present invention may be immiscible or miscible with the solubilizer.

  Next, the present invention will be further described based on examples.

[Example 1]
First, the antibacterial agent of Example 1 was prepared. In Example 1, egg yolk-derived lysophosphatidylcholine (manufactured by Kewpie Corporation, egg yolk lysolecithin LPC-1) was used as an active ingredient of the antibacterial agent. The lysophosphatidylcholine of Example 1 had an HLB value of 14 and an iodine value of 9. Table 2 is a table | surface which shows the substance name, origin, and HLB value of each of the Example and comparative example of this invention.

  Next, a predetermined amount of lysophosphatidylcholine was weighed and dissolved in sterilized purified water (hereinafter referred to as purified water). Thereby, 20 mL of a test solution containing 0.5% by mass (5000 μg / mL, 5000 ppm) of lysophosphatidylcholine was purified.

  Subsequently, the test solution was diluted in three stages with purified water twice. Thus, test solutions having respective concentrations of 5000 ppm (5000 μg / mL), 1250 ppm (1250 μg / mL), and 313 ppm (313 μg / mL) were prepared.

[Example 2]
In Example 2, hydrogenated soybean lysophospholipid (Nikko Chemicals, Resinol LL-20) was used as an antibacterial agent component. The soybean lysophospholipid of Example 2 is considered to have a plurality of phospholipids mixed therein, but has been confirmed to have an HLB value of 11 to 20. The iodine value was 20 or less. The soybean lysophospholipid is represented by the above chemical formula 1. The soybean lysophospholipid was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and test solutions having respective concentrations of 5000 ppm (5000 μg / mL), 1250 ppm (1250 μg / mL), and 313 ppm (313 μg / mL) were prepared. In addition, when soybean lysophospholipid was hard to melt | dissolve in purified water, it heated at about 70 degreeC.

[Comparative Example 1]
In Comparative Example 1, soybean-derived lysophosphatidylglycerol (manufactured by Nagase ChemteX, lysoPG Nagase) was used as an antibacterial agent component (see Table 2). The HLB value of lysophosphatidylglycerol of Comparative Example 1 was about 22. The lysophosphatidylglycerol is represented by the following chemical formula 3.

（式中、Ｒ_１はアルキル基を表す。）

(In the formula, R ₁ represents an alkyl group.)

This lysophosphatidylglycerol was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and test solutions having respective concentrations of 5000 ppm (5000 μg / mL), 1250 ppm (1250 μg / mL), and 313 ppm (313 μg / mL) were prepared. In addition, when lysophosphatidylglycerol was hard to melt | dissolve in purified water, it heated at about 70 degreeC.
<Test Example 1>
Using Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1, antibacterial property was determined.

(Test strain)
First, strain 1 and strain 2 shown in Table 3 were cultured on a standard agar medium (SPC (Standard Plate Count)) at 35 ° C. for 48 hours. Then, the obtained strains were suspended in physiological saline so as to be about 10 ⁷ cfu / mL, respectively.

(Preparation of test solution)
The compounds of Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Example 2 were prepared as described above, and test solutions of various concentrations were prepared.

(Determination of antibacterial properties by the disc method)
First, 20 mL of a liquid standard agar medium and 1 mL of each test strain are added to a sterilized petri dish and mixed. The culture medium is solidified by cooling the petri dish. The solidified medium is further dried for about 20 to 30 minutes in a clean bench.

  Next, a sterilized paper disk is placed on the medium with sterilized tweezers and pressed to adhere. Then, 50 μL of each prepared test solution of Example 1, Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 is dropped on a predetermined disk, and left still for a while until the test solution is absorbed by the disk. Further, this medium is cultured at 30 ° C. for about 48 hours.

  After incubation, measure the diameter of the part where the bacteria are not growing around the paper disk (inhibition circle) with a measure.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining the disk method. In the figure, symbol S denotes a petri dish, symbols D1 to D5 denote paper discs, and symbol B denotes a blocking circle. Since the test solution having high antibacterial properties oozes out from the paper disk and sterilizes the bacteria contained in the medium, a blocking circle is formed, and the higher the antibacterial property, the larger the blocking circle. On the other hand, when the antibacterial property is low, the bacteria are not sufficiently sterilized, so that a blocking circle is not formed. Therefore, the antibacterial property is evaluated by measuring the diameter d of the blocking circle.

(result)
Table 4 is a table showing the results of Test Example 1. As shown in the table, each test solution of Example 1 showed a blocking circle having a diameter larger than 10 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA. Thereby, it was confirmed that the lysophosphatidylcholine derived from egg yolk of Example 1 exhibits an antibacterial action against MRSA. Further, for Example 1, a blocking circle larger than 10 mm was observed for MRSA even for the test solution having a concentration of 313 ppm. Thereby, it was confirmed that the lysophosphatidylcholine derived from egg yolk of Example 1 has sufficient antibacterial properties at a concentration of 300 ppm or more.

  In addition, for Example 2, a 13.0 mm blocking circle was formed with a test solution having a concentration of 5000 ppm for MRSA, and 12.0 mm with a test solution having a concentration of 5000 ppm and 1250 ppm for Staphylococcus aureus. A stop circle was formed. Regarding Example 2, the result that the antibacterial property is lower than that of Example 1 is considered to be related to the degree of purification of the hydrogenated soybean lysophospholipid of Example 2.

  On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, a 10.0 mm inhibition circle was formed for MRSA and Staphylococcus aureus at a concentration of 5000 ppm, but a inhibition circle was formed for MRSA and Staphylococcus aureus at concentrations of 1250 ppm and 313 ppm. Was not. Thereby, even if it is a monoacyl type | mold glycerophospholipid, when an HLB value is larger than 20, it is thought that it does not have sufficient antimicrobial property with respect to MRSA.

  Next, the following Comparative Examples 2 to 6 were further prepared for antibacterial evaluation based on the HLB value.

[Comparative Example 2]
In Comparative Example 2, sucrose fatty acid ester (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd., DK ester F-10) was used as an antibacterial agent component (see Table 2). The HLB value of the sucrose fatty acid ester of Comparative Example 2 was 1. The sucrose fatty acid ester is represented by the following chemical formula 4, for example.

（式中、Ｒ_１はアルキル基を表す。）

(In the formula, R ₁ represents an alkyl group.)

  Since the sucrose fatty acid ester of Comparative Example 2 was not dissolved in purified water, it was prepared with Japanese Pharmacopoeia soybean oil (manufactured by Kaneda Corporation) (hereinafter referred to as soybean oil). That is, this sucrose fatty acid ester was diluted stepwise in the same manner as in Example 1 except that soybean oil was used instead of purified water, and 5000 ppm (5000 μg / mL), 1250 ppm (1250 μg / mL), 313 ppm (313 μg). / mL) of each concentration test solution.

[Comparative Example 3]
In Comparative Example 3, glycerin fatty acid ester (manufactured by Riken Vitamin Co., Ltd., Emulsy MS powder) was used as an antibacterial agent component (see Table 2). The HLB value of the glycerin fatty acid ester of Comparative Example 3 was 4.3. This glycerin fatty acid ester was prepared using soybean oil in the same manner as in Comparative Example 3, and test solutions having respective concentrations of 5000 ppm (5000 μg / mL), 1250 ppm (1250 μg / mL), and 313 ppm (313 μg / mL) were prepared.

[Comparative Example 4]
In Comparative Example 4, sucrose fatty acid ester (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd., DK ester F-50) was used as an antibacterial agent component (see Table 2). The HLB value of the sucrose fatty acid ester of Comparative Example 4 was 6. This sucrose fatty acid ester was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and test solutions having respective concentrations of 5000 ppm (5000 μg / mL), 1250 ppm (1250 μg / mL), and 313 ppm (313 μg / mL) were prepared. In addition, when sucrose fatty acid ester was hard to melt | dissolve in refined water, it heated at about 70 degreeC.

[Comparative Example 5]
In Comparative Example 5, glycerin fatty acid ester (Riken Vitamin Co., Ltd., Poem M-100) was used as an antibacterial agent component (see Table 2). The HLB value of the glycerin fatty acid ester of Comparative Example 5 was 7. This glycerin fatty acid ester was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and test solutions having respective concentrations of 5000 ppm (5000 μg / mL), 1250 ppm (1250 μg / mL), and 313 ppm (313 μg / mL) were prepared. In addition, when glycerin fatty acid ester was hard to melt | dissolve in purified water, it heated at about 70 degreeC.

[Comparative Example 6]
In Comparative Example 6, sucrose fatty acid ester (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd., DK ester F-90) was used as an antibacterial agent component (see Table 2). The HLB value of the sucrose fatty acid ester of Comparative Example 6 was 9.5. This sucrose fatty acid ester was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and test solutions having respective concentrations of 5000 ppm (5000 μg / mL), 1250 ppm (1250 μg / mL), and 313 ppm (313 μg / mL) were prepared. In addition, when sucrose fatty acid ester was hard to melt | dissolve in refined water, it heated at about 70 degreeC.

<Test Example 2>
Using Example 1 and Comparative Examples 2 to 6, as in Test Example 1, the test strains shown in Table 3 were used to determine antibacterial properties by the disk method. Since this procedure is the same as that of Test Example 1, the description thereof is omitted.

(result)
Table 5 is a table showing the results of this test example. As shown in the table, in Comparative Examples 2 to 5 having an HLB value of 1 to 7, no inhibition circle was formed for MRSA and Staphylococcus aureus for any of the test solutions. Further, in Comparative Example 6, a blocking circle was formed for MRSA in the 5000 ppm test solution, but no blocking circle was formed for MRSA and Staphylococcus aureus for the other test solutions. On the other hand, in Example 1, it was confirmed that a blocking circle larger than 10 mm was formed for MRSA and Staphylococcus aureus for any of the test solutions.

<Results of Test Example 1 and Test Example 2 (summary)>
From the results of Test Examples 1 and 2, it was confirmed that the monoacyl glycerophospholipid having an HLB value larger than 9.5 has sufficient antibacterial properties. In particular, in the test solution of Example 1 containing lysophosphatidylcholine derived from egg yolk, sufficient antibacterial properties were confirmed even at a concentration of 300 ppm or more. On the other hand, when the HLB value is 1 to 9.5, it was confirmed that the antibacterial property was not exhibited against MRSA. In addition, the result of Comparative Example 1 in Test Example 1 suggests that when the HLB value is larger than 20, the antibacterial effect cannot be exhibited. Therefore, it can be said that a monoacyl glycerophospholipid having an HLB value greater than 9.5 and 20 or less has antibacterial properties against MRSA.

  Based on the above results, it is confirmed that the balance between hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity is greatly involved in the antibacterial properties of amphiphilic compounds such as monoacyl glycerophospholipids against MRSA, and there is an optimum range of HLB values. It was done. The following discussion is based on these results.

<Discussion>
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a possible mechanism of action of the antibacterial agent of this example. As shown in the figure, the multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacterium 10 is covered with a cell membrane 11 and has a cytoplasm or the like inside. The cell membrane 11 has a lipid bimolecular layer composed mainly of a fatty acid 110 having a hydrophilic group 111 and a hydrophobic group 112, as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. In the figure, only part of the cell membrane 11 is shown for explanation.

  The monoacyl glycerophospholipid 20 having an HLB value greater than 9.5 and not greater than 20 according to the present invention has an appropriate affinity with the fatty acid 110 of the cell membrane 11 due to the balance between hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity. The monoacyl glycerophospholipid 20 can be inserted into the lipid bimolecular layer of the cell membrane 11 like a wedge by utilizing the affinity. As a result, the structure of the cell membrane 11 is disturbed, the permeability is enhanced, and the cytoplasmic component leaks, so that the monoacyl type glycerophospholipid 20 kills the multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacterium 10 or the like.

  In particular, Gram-positive bacteria have a feature that they do not have an outer membrane compared to Gram-negative bacteria. Thereby, it is considered that the monoacyl glycerophospholipid 20 approaches the cell membrane 11 more effectively and exhibits an antibacterial action.

  Further, unlike the known antibiotics, the antibacterial agent of the present invention is considered to be difficult to acquire drug resistance by multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacteria. For example, β-lactam agents such as antibiotics penicillin and methicillin bind to bacterial cell wall synthase, PBP (Penicillin-binding Protein), thereby preventing the completion of the cell wall network structure and causing lysis. Demonstrate. In contrast, multi-drug resistant Gram-positive bacteria have acquired drug resistance to penicillin by expressing β-lactamase that degrades penicillin. In addition, methicillin could not be degraded by β-lactamase, but drug resistance was acquired by producing cell wall synthase PBP2a having a low affinity for β-lactam. In this way, multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacteria have acquired resistance to drugs mainly by developing new biochemical mechanisms such as degrading the drug itself and reducing affinity with the drug. .

  On the other hand, the monoacyl glycerophospholipid of the present invention exhibits an antibacterial action by physically destroying the cell membrane as described above. That is, since the antibacterial agent of the present invention has an antibacterial action mechanism different from that of the above antibiotics, it is considered difficult for multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacteria such as MRSA to acquire resistance. Therefore, it can be said that the antibacterial agent of the present invention reduces the risk of drug resistance and can be widely used with peace of mind.

  Furthermore, the antimicrobial agent of Example 1 was used, the external preparation of the following prescription examples 1-3 was manufactured, and the usability | use_condition was confirmed.

[Prescription Example 1: Ointment]
In this prescription example, the antibacterial agent of Example 1 was used and the ointment whose content is the following mixing | blending was manufactured.
(Mixing ratio)
Antibacterial agent of Example 1 0.5%
White petrolatum 25.0%
Stearyl alcohol 20.0%
Propylene glycol 12.0%
Polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil 60 4.0%
Glycerol monostearate 1.0%
Methyl paraoxybenzoate 0.1%
Propyl paraoxybenzoate 0.1%
Purified water remaining amount ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
Total 100%

[Prescription Example 2: Antibacterial spray]
In this prescription example, the antibacterial agent of Example 1 was used to produce an antibacterial spray solution having the following composition. In addition, this antibacterial spray solution was filled in a commercially available 50 mL pump spray container to produce an antibacterial spray for hand disinfection.
(Mixing ratio)
Antibacterial agent of Example 1 0.05%
Glycerin 0.50%
Capric acid monoglyceride 0.20%
Ethanol 50.00%
Purified water remaining amount ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
Total 100%

[Formulation Example 3: Antibacterial cream]
In this prescription example, the antibacterial agent of Example 1 was used and the cream whose content is the following mixing | blending was manufactured. Further, 50 g of this cream was filled in a plastic container with a screw cap to prepare an antibacterial cream.
(Mixing ratio)
Antibacterial agent of Example 1 0.05%
Polyethylene glycol 4.00%
1,3-propanediol 6.00%
Squalane 11.00%
Dimethicone 1.00%
Cetanol 6.00%
Stearic acid 2.00%
Hydrogenated cocoglyceryl 4.00%
Tricaprylin 8.00%
Glycerol monostearate 3.00%
POE (20) cetyl alcohol ether 2.00%
Coenzyme Q10 0.03%
Ceramide 0.10%
Dilauroyl glutamate ricin sodium 0.10%
EDTA-2 sodium 0.02%
Propylparaben 0.10%
Methylparaben 0.15%
Perfume Appropriate amount of purified water Remaining amount ―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
Total 100%

  When each of the external preparations of Formulation Examples 1 to 3 was applied to or spread on the skin, a moist and comfortable skin feel was obtained. It is considered that this is because the external preparations of Formulation Examples 1 to 3 all contain the antibacterial agent of Example 1 containing lysophosphatidylcholine derived from egg yolk. Therefore, according to the external preparation containing the antibacterial agent of the present invention, it is possible to exhibit high antibacterial action against multi-drug resistant Gram-positive bacteria and to enhance the moisture retention of the skin. In particular, ointments and creams are expected to enhance the skin barrier function and enhance the therapeutic effect on multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacterial infections.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS S ... Petri dish D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 ... Paper disk B ... Blocking circle 10 ... Multidrug-resistant Gram positive bacteria 11 ... Cell membrane 20 ... Monoacyl type glycerophospholipid 110 ... Fatty acid 111 ... Hydrophilic group 112 ... Hydrophobic group

Claims (5)

A multidrug resistant Gram-positive antibacterial agent having an HLB value greater than 9.5 and 20 or less and containing monoacyl glycerophospholipid as an active ingredient. The multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacteria antibacterial agent according to claim 1,
The monoacyl glycerophospholipid is a multidrug resistant Gram-positive antibacterial agent containing lysophosphatidylcholine. The multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacteria antibacterial agent according to claim 1 or 2,
The monoacyl glycerophospholipid is a multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacterium antibacterial agent containing monoacyl glycerophospholipid derived from egg yolk. The multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacteria antibacterial agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria antibacterial agent containing the active ingredient in an amount of 300 ppm or more.   An external preparation containing the multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacteria antibacterial agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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