JP2015099668A - Daylighting system and light control member - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently take external light in.SOLUTION: A daylighting system includes: a first light control member 3 deflecting external light toward a ceiling surface in a house; and a second light control member 4 arranged along the ceiling surface and receiving the incident light deflected by the first light control member. The second light control member has: a first surface part and a second surface part mutually inclined to a surface on which the light deflected by the first light control member is made incident; and a mirror surface reflecting surface provided on the side from the surface on which the light deflected by the first light control member is made incident. The first surface part is an inclined surface which reflects and makes the light, deflected by the first light control member, incident on the mirror surface reflecting surface, and is inclined to the ceiling surface. The second surface part refracts the light reflected by the mirror surface reflecting surface to emit the light from the second light control member.

Description

  The present invention relates to a daylighting system and a light control member.

  Light control sheet that improves daylighting efficiency by deflecting outside light incident on the window toward the indoor ceiling as part of efforts to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and reduce power consumption by reducing the intensity of indoor lighting Has been proposed. For example, in Patent Document 1, a light control sheet having a structure in which transmissive portions and light-shielding portions are alternately arranged is attached to, for example, a window glass, and sunlight is taken in indoors in summer due to a difference in the incident angle of sunlight. In the winter, the intake of sunlight is increased.

JP 2010-259406 A

  The light taken indoors by the light control sheet enters the ceiling surface. Conventional ceiling surfaces cannot be efficiently reflected indoors. For this reason, even if outside light is taken indoors with the light control sheet, conventionally, the taken light cannot be effectively used for daylighting.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a daylighting system and a light control member capable of efficiently taking outside light indoors.

In order to solve the above problems, a daylighting system according to one aspect of the present invention includes:
A first light control member for deflecting outside light toward the indoor ceiling surface;
A second light control member that is disposed along the ceiling surface and into which the light deflected by the first light control member is incident.
The second light control member is
A first surface portion and a second surface portion that are arranged to be inclined with respect to a surface side on which light deflected by the first light control member is incident;
A specular reflection surface provided on the opposite side to the surface on which the light deflected by the first light control member is incident,
The first surface portion is an inclined surface inclined with respect to the ceiling surface that refracts the light deflected by the first light control member and makes the light incident on the specular reflection surface.
The second surface portion refracts the light reflected by the specular reflection surface and emits the light from the second light control member.

  The incident angle with respect to the normal direction of the ceiling surface when the light deflected by the first light control member is incident on the second light control member is that the light reflected by the specular reflection surface is the first angle. You may make smaller than the output angle with respect to the normal line direction of the said ceiling surface at the time of being refracted by two surface parts and radiate | emitting from the said 2nd light control member.

  The second surface portion may be in a direction along the surface direction of the ceiling surface.

A daylighting system according to another aspect of the present invention includes a first light control member that deflects external light in the direction of an indoor ceiling surface;
A second light control member that is disposed along the ceiling surface and into which the light deflected by the first light control member is incident,
The second light control member is
A first surface portion and a second surface portion that are arranged to be inclined with respect to a surface side on which light deflected by the first light control member is incident;
A specular reflection surface provided on the opposite side to the surface on which the light deflected by the first light control member is incident,
The first surface portion refracts the light deflected by the first light control member and causes the light to enter the specular reflection surface, and refracts the light reflected by the specular reflection surface to perform the second light control. An inclined surface that is emitted from the member and is inclined with respect to the ceiling surface.

  The incident angle with respect to the normal direction of the ceiling surface when the external light deflected by the first light control member is incident on the second light control member is that the light reflected by the specular reflection surface is It may be smaller than the emission angle with respect to the normal direction of the ceiling surface when refracted by the first surface portion and emitted from the second light control member.

  The first surface portion may have a larger angle with respect to the normal direction of the ceiling surface than the second surface portion and a larger area than the second surface portion.

  The first surface portion and the second surface portion may be inclined surfaces having different inclination angles with respect to the normal direction of the ceiling surface.

The second light control member is
A first layer having a surface in contact with the first surface portion and the second surface portion, and a surface in contact with the specular reflection surface;
A second layer having a surface stacked on the first layer and in contact with the first surface portion and the second surface portion, and a flat surface disposed opposite to the surface;
The first layer and the second layer may have different refractive indexes.

The second light control member is
A first layer having a surface in contact with the first surface portion and the second surface portion, and a surface in contact with the specular reflection surface;
A reflective layer having the specular reflective surface;
An adhesive layer or an adhesive layer in contact with the reflective layer may be included.

The second light control member has a plurality of unit light control units arranged adjacent to each other in a two-dimensional direction along the ceiling surface,
Each of the plurality of unit light control units may include the first surface unit and the second surface unit that have different inclination directions with respect to the ceiling surface.

  The inclination direction of the first surface portion of each of the plurality of unit light control portions with respect to the ceiling surface may be set in accordance with a change in the incident direction of light from the first light control member accompanying the movement of the sun. Good.

  The first surface portion and the second surface portion are formed by inclining a radial surface between adjacent arcs among a plurality of arcs having different diameters around a predetermined reference position of the specular reflection surface. Also good.

The second light control member has a plurality of convex portions arranged in a two-dimensional direction along the specular reflection surface,
Each of the plurality of convex portions has two types of tapered portions having different inclination angles,
One of the two types of taper portions may be the first surface portion, and the other may be the second surface portion.

Moreover, the light control member according to another aspect of the present invention includes a first surface portion and a second surface portion that are disposed to be inclined with respect to a surface on which light is incident, and
And a specular reflection surface provided on the side opposite to the surface on which the light is incident.
The first surface portion is an inclined surface inclined with respect to the ceiling surface, which refracts incident light and makes it incident on the specular reflection surface.
The first surface or the second surface portion refracts and emits the light reflected by the specular reflection surface.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, external light can be taken in indoors efficiently.

The figure which shows schematic structure of the lighting system by the 1st Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing of the 1st light control member 3 laminated | stacked on a window or the lighting tool 5. FIG. The perspective view of one slat 21 which comprises a blind. The main sectional view of slat 21. Sectional drawing of the 2nd light control member 4 by 1st Embodiment. Sectional drawing of the 2nd light control member 4 which provided the protective layer in FIG. The figure which divided | segmented the 2nd light control member into the several unit light control part. The figure which formed the 1st inclined surface 34c, the upper bottom face 34b, and the 2nd inclined surface 34d of the convex part 34 continuously along the surface of the radial direction between adjacent circular arcs. The figure which shows the 2nd example which changes the inclination direction of the inclined surface of the light control layer 31 continuously. Sectional drawing of the 2nd light control member 4 by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The figure explaining the angle reflected and refracted by the 2nd light control member 4 by a 2nd embodiment. The figure which shows the relationship between incident angle (alpha), outgoing angle (beta), and inclination-angle (phi). The figure which shows the example which roughens the 2nd inclined surface 34d. Sectional drawing of the 2nd light control member 4 by the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The figure explaining the angle reflected and refracted by the 2nd light control member 4 by a 3rd embodiment. The figure which shows the relationship between incident angle (alpha), outgoing angle (beta), and inclination-angle (theta). The figure which shows the example which roughens the 2nd inclined surface 34d.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a daylighting system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The daylighting system 1 in FIG. 1 is arranged along the ceiling surface 2 and deflected by the first light control member 3, which deflects external light in the direction of the indoor ceiling surface 2. And a second light control member 4 to which external light is incident.

  The first light control member 3 is used by being laminated on, for example, a window or a lighting tool 5 or is incorporated in a blind arranged so as to cover the window or the lighting tool 5.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the first light control member 3 stacked on the window or the lighting tool 5. The first light control member 3 shown in FIG. 2 includes a light control layer 7 disposed on the base material layer 6, an adhesive layer 8 disposed on the light control layer 7, and a base material layer 6 below. And a hard coat layer 9 disposed on the surface. The first light control member 3 can be laminated on the window or the lighting tool 5 through the adhesive layer 8. In addition, the 1st light control member 3 may be supported and laminated | stacked between a pair of windows, and the adhesive layer 8 and the base material layer 6 do not need to be provided in such a case. Further, the first light control member 3 may be integrally formed inside the window or the daylighting tool 5.

  The light control layer 7 in FIG. 2 is formed in a base portion 11 in which a plurality of grooves 10 are formed so as to be spaced apart along one surface 7 a thereof, and in the plurality of grooves 10 in the base portion 11. In addition, a plurality of louver portions 12 having optical characteristics different from the base portion 11 are provided. By making the refractive index of the louver part 12 lower than the refractive index of the base part 11, sunlight incident from the window or the lighting tool 5 is totally reflected at the interface between the base part 11 and the louver part 12, and the indoor ceiling Further, it is possible to provide a light deflection function that guides in the direction of the wall surface. Moreover, the light shielding function according to the incident angle of sunlight can also be provided by making the absorptivity and reflectance of ultraviolet light, visible light, infrared light, etc. of the louver part 12 higher than the base part 11. .

  In the present embodiment, external light deflected by the first light control member 3 is made incident on the second light control member 4. Therefore, it is desirable to adjust the deflection direction of the first light control member 3 in accordance with the arrangement location of the light diffusion member 3. The adjustment of the deflection direction of the first light control member 3 can be performed by adjusting the material and shape of the louver portion 12, for example.

  The light control layer 7 may have a structure in which a plurality of prism portions that deflect incident light by reflection or refraction in a predetermined direction are arranged along one surface 7a instead of the base portion 11 and the louver portion 12.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view of one slat 21 constituting the blind, and FIG. 4 is a main sectional view of the slat 21. The slat 21 includes a base material layer 22, a light control layer 23 supported on the base material layer 22, and a functional layer (protective layer) 24 disposed on the light control layer 23. The base material layer 22, the light control layer 23, and the functional layer 24 extend along the longitudinal direction of the slat 21.

  The base material layer 22 can be formed of a transparent or translucent resin film. The light control layer 23 has a base portion 25 formed with a plurality of grooves that are spaced apart from each other along the short direction of the slat 21 and optical properties different from those of the base portion 25 formed inside these grooves. And a plurality of louver portions 26. Each of the base portion 25 and the plurality of louver portions 26 extends in the longitudinal direction of the slat 21.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the louver part 26 has, for example, two different inclined surfaces, and can reflect light incident on these inclined surfaces in different directions indoors. Note that it is not always necessary to provide two different inclined surfaces in the louver portion 26, and only one inclined surface may be provided to reflect light in a predetermined direction indoors.

  Similar to the louver part 12 and the base part 11 shown in FIG. 2, the louver part 26 and the base part 25 of FIG. 4 are also made of different materials so that the reflection characteristics of the light incident on the louver part 26 are variously changed. can do.

  Next, the second light control member 4 that is a characteristic part of the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the second light control member 4 according to the first embodiment. The second light control member 4 in FIG. 5 is formed by laminating a light control layer (first layer) 31, a reflective layer 32, and an adhesive layer 33. The adhesive layer 33 is sometimes referred to as an adhesive layer, but is referred to as an adhesive layer 33 in this specification.

  The light control layer 31 has a plurality of convex portions 34 disposed along the ceiling surface 2, and the cross section of each convex portion 34 has a trapezoidal shape. Each of the protrusions 34 may have a trapezoidal cross section in one direction and may extend in another direction intersecting the one direction, or may have a trapezoidal cross section in the other direction. 34 may be arranged in a two-dimensional direction.

  In the present embodiment, the surface of the light control layer 31 that contacts the reflective layer 32 is referred to as a lower bottom surface 34a, and the opposite surface is referred to as an upper bottom surface (second surface portion) 34b. Each convex portion 34 has a first inclined surface (first surface portion) 34c continuous with the upper bottom surface 34b and the lower bottom surface 34a, and a second inclined surface 34d similarly connected with the upper bottom surface 34b and the lower bottom surface 34a. The first inclined surface 34c has a gentler slope with respect to the ceiling surface 2 and a larger area than the second inclined surface 34d. The second inclined surface 34 extends in the normal direction of the ceiling surface 2, that is, in a direction close to the vertical direction.

  The reflective layer 32 is in contact with the lower bottom surface 34 a of the light control layer 31. The reflection layer 32 is formed of a material whose interface with the light control layer 31 is a specular reflection surface 32a. For example, the reflective layer 32 is formed by vapor-depositing a metal material having a high reflectance on the base material. The adhesive layer 33 formed on the reflective layer 32 is provided for adhesion to the ceiling material.

  The first light control member 3 is installed closer to the first inclined surface 34 c than the second inclined surface 34 d in the second light control member 4. Therefore, the light deflected by the first light control member 3 enters the first inclined surface 34c and the upper bottom surface 34b.

  As described above, the first inclined surface 34c and the upper bottom surface 34b are disposed to be inclined with respect to the surface on which the light deflected by the first light control member 3 is incident, and are specularly reflected on the opposite surface side. A surface 32a is disposed.

  In the present embodiment, as will be described later, the light incident on the first inclined surface 34c is actively used for daylighting. The upper bottom surface 34b does not necessarily have to be parallel to the ceiling surface 2 and may be slightly inclined.

  Most of the light incident on the first inclined surface 34c is gently refracted by the first inclined surface 34c because the first inclined surface 34c is gently inclined with respect to the ceiling surface 2. The light enters the inside of 31 and is regularly reflected by the specular reflection surface 32a. Then, the light travels inside the light control layer 31 again, reaches the upper bottom surface 34 b, is refracted by the upper bottom surface 34 b, and is emitted from the second light control member 4.

  The refractive index of the light control layer 31 is about 1.4 to 1.6, which is larger than 1, which is the refractive index of air. Therefore, the light that travels inside the light control layer 31 and reaches the upper bottom surface 34b is refracted in a direction closer to the ceiling surface 2 and travels in the interior direction.

  The refraction angle between the light control layer 31 and the upper bottom surface 34b can be adjusted by adjusting the shape and refractive index of the light control layer 31. Basically, this embodiment is designed to incorporate outside light as far into the interior as possible, but depending on the case, more outside light may reach near the center of the room or in a specific direction. There may be demands. In that case, the refractive index of the light control layer 31 may be adjusted by adjusting the shape of the light control layer 31 or changing the material of the base material or the type of additive.

  In the case where it is desired that the outside light reaches deeper indoors, the normal line of the ceiling surface 2 of the light incident on the second light control member 4 from the first light control member 3 as shown in FIG. The exit angle β of the light emitted (reflected) from the second light control member 4 with respect to the normal direction of the ceiling surface 2 may be larger than the incident angle α with respect to the direction. On the other hand, when it is desired to use outside light for daylighting indoors, α ≧ β may be satisfied.

  As a material of the light control layer 31, for example, an electron beam curable resin layer, an ultraviolet curable resin layer, a thermosetting resin layer, or a thermoplastic resin layer can be used.

  The electron beam curable resin layer is a cured product formed by irradiating an electron beam curable resin with an electron beam. The electron beam curable resin is formed using, for example, a polymerizable monomer, a polymerizable oligomer, or a prepolymer as appropriate. For example, a polyfunctional acrylate is used as the polymerizable monomer. Examples of the polymerizable oligomer include epoxy acrylate, urethane acrylate, polyester acrylate, and polyether acrylate.

  The thermosetting resin layer is a cured product formed by applying heat to the thermosetting resin. The thermosetting resin is, for example, a urethane resin or an epoxy resin.

  An electron beam curable resin or a thermosetting resin that is a specific material of the light control layer 31 is characterized by excellent durability, weather resistance, and abrasion resistance. In order to further improve durability, weather resistance, and abrasion resistance, various additives may be contained in the electron beam curable resin or the thermosetting resin. For example, in order to further improve the weather resistance, an ultraviolet absorber or a light stabilizer may be added. In addition, since thermosetting resins are generally inferior in abrasion resistance compared to electron beam curable resins, when using thermosetting resins, additives for improving abrasion resistance are included in thermosetting resins. May be.

  Furthermore, scattering particles may be contained in an electron beam curable resin or a thermosetting resin. By containing the scattering particles 34, the light reflected by the specular reflection surface 32 a is scattered until it reaches the upper bottom surface 34 b through the light control layer 31, and is scattered in a wide indoor range. And can uniformly illuminate a wide area indoors.

  FIG. 5 shows an example in which the plurality of convex portions 34 in the light control layer 31 are exposed on the surface of the second light control member 4. Accordingly, there is a possibility that indoor dust or the like enters the gaps of the convex portions 34 and changes the direction of the light emitted from the second light control member 4 or weakens the light intensity of the emitted light. Further, when the surface of the second light control member 4 is wiped with a cleaning tool for cleaning the ceiling surface 2, the shape of the convex portion 34 is physically deformed, and the optical characteristics of the second light control member 4. May change.

  In order to solve these problems, as shown in FIG. 6, the surface of the light control layer 31, that is, the surface of the light control layer 31 opposite to the specular reflection surface 32a is covered with a protective layer (second layer) 35. It may be covered. The protective layer 35 can be formed of, for example, an electron beam curable resin layer or a thermosetting resin layer having a refractive index different from that of the light control layer 31. By providing the protective layer 35, it is possible to suppress the change with time of the optical characteristics of the light control layer 31. Further, the protective layer 35 may contain scattering particles. Thereby, the light which collided with the scattering particle | grains is scattered in a wide range, and can also take in external light to the indoor wider area.

  The position of the sun constantly changes during the day, and the incident direction of external light also changes according to the position of the sun. When the incident direction of external light changes, the reflection direction of the light deflected by the first light control member 3 also changes. Therefore, the incident direction of the second light control member 4 to the light control layer 31 also changes with time.

  In the present embodiment, the light incident on the first inclined surface 34c of the light control layer 31 is taken into the interior through the upper bottom surface 34b, and as much light as possible is incident on the first inclined surface 34c. Is desirable. For this purpose, it is desirable that light be incident on the first inclined surface 34c of the light control layer 31 along a plane orthogonal to the boundary line between the first inclined surface 34c and the upper bottom surface 34b.

  However, since the position of the sun changes with time, the traveling direction of the light deflected by the first light control member 3 also changes with time, and the light control layer 31 of the second light control member 4 changes. The incident direction of light incident on the first inclined surface 34c also changes as needed. Therefore, when the inclination direction of the first inclined surface 34c of the light control layer 31 is fixed and installed on the ceiling surface 22, the effective inclination angle θ with respect to the light beam of the first inclined surface 34c of the light control layer 31 is dependent on the time zone. Changes, and the correspondence between the incident angle and the outgoing angle changes.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, the second light control member 4 includes a plurality of unit light control units 41 arranged adjacent to each other in the two-dimensional direction, and the first inclined surface 34 c of each unit light control unit 41 is formed. The inclination directions may be directed in different directions. A plurality of lines drawn inside each unit light control unit 41 in FIG. 7 represent boundary lines between the first inclined surface 34c and the upper bottom surface 34b. The direction of the boundary line is different for each unit light control unit 41, that is, the plurality of unit light control units 41 shown in FIG. 7 have first inclined surfaces 34 c having different inclination directions with respect to the ceiling surface 22. Means.

  Although FIG. 7 shows an example in which a total of five unit light control units 41 having different inclination directions of the first inclined surface 34c are arranged adjacent to each other, these five unit light control units 41 are taken as a set in a two-dimensional direction. The second light control member 4 may be configured by arranging a plurality of sets. In the example of FIG. 7, the inclination directions of the first inclined surfaces 34 c of the five unit light control units 41 are different by 45 degrees, but an arbitrary number of unit light controls whose inclination direction deviation is different from 45 degrees. The part 41 may be arranged in a two-dimensional direction.

  Arrow lines A to E in FIG. 7 indicate the incident direction of the light from the first light control member 3. The position of the sun changes at any time during the day, and accordingly, the incident direction of light from the first light control member 3 also changes according to time. For example, light enters from the direction of the arrow line A in the early morning, and the incident direction changes in the order of the arrow lines B, C, and D with the passage of time.

  As shown in FIG. 7, by arranging a total of five unit light control units 41 having different inclination directions of the first inclined surface 34 c, adjacent to each other in any time zone, There is a unit light control unit 41 capable of entering light from the direction along the orthogonal plane of the boundary line between the first inclined surface 34c and the upper bottom surface 34b of the light control layer 31 to the first inclined surface 34c. Therefore, one of the five unit light control units 41 can reflect light from the first inclined surface 34c in an ideal state, and can provide a substantially uniform amount of outside light indoors at any time of daytime. Can be taken in the direction of the back.

  In FIG. 7, the inclination direction of the first inclined surface 34c of the light control layer 31 is changed in units of 45 degrees, but the inclination direction of the first inclined surface 34c can be continuously changed. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a first example in which the inclination direction of the first inclined surface 34c of the light control layer 31 is continuously changed. FIG. 8 shows the protrusion 34 along the radial surface between adjacent arcs among a plurality of arcs having different diameters around the predetermined reference position on the specular reflection surface 32a side of the light control layer 31. The first inclined surface 34c, the upper bottom surface 34b, and the second inclined surface 34d are formed continuously.

  Therefore, if the second light control member 4 having the structure of FIG. 8 is provided, the light enters the light control layer 31 of the second light control member 4 from the first light control member 3 in any time zone. The reflected light can be reflected at an appropriate angle.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a second example in which the inclination direction of the inclined surface of the light control layer 31 is continuously changed. In FIG. 9, a large number of convex portions 34 whose side surfaces are tapered are provided on the second main surface 31 b side of the light control layer 31 in the surface direction. About half of the side surface of the convex portion 34 is a taper 43a having a gentle slope, and the other half is a taper 43b having a steep slope. The taper 43a corresponds to the first inclined surface 34c, the taper 43b corresponds to the second inclined surface 34d, and the flat portion 43c between the tapers 43a and 43b corresponds to the upper bottom surface 34b.

  The taper 43a portion where the slope of the convex portion 34 is gentle is disposed on the side close to the first light control member 3. In the example of FIG. 9, since the taper 43a portion is arranged in the region from the east to the south to the west, even if the position of the sun changes, a part of the external light from the sun is in the taper 43a portion. It will be irradiated at a suitable angle, and sunlight can be taken into the interior of the room efficiently at any time.

  As described above, in the first embodiment, the second light control member 4 into which the light deflected by the first light control member 3 is incident has a plurality of convex portions 34 having a trapezoidal cross section. In order to provide the light control layer 31, the light incident on the first inclined surface 34 c of each convex portion 34 is totally reflected by the specular reflection surface 32 a in contact with the lower bottom surface 34 a of each convex portion 34, and then each convex portion 34. The light can be refracted by the upper bottom surface 34 b and emitted from the second light control member 4. As a result, the outside light can be taken deeper into the interior, the daylighting efficiency is improved, the amount of artificial lighting used can be reduced, and the amount of carbon dioxide emitted can be reduced.

  Further, the first inclined surface 34c and the upper bottom surface 34b on the second main surface 31b side can be protected by the light control unit 31, and oxidation of the first inclined surface 34c and the upper bottom surface 34b, adhesion of dust, physical damage, etc. Can be prevented.

(Second Embodiment)
In the first embodiment described above, an example in which the cross section of the light control layer 31 in the second light control member 4 has a trapezoidal shape is shown, but the cross sectional shape of the light control layer 31 is not necessarily a trapezoidal shape. Also good.

  FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the second light control member 4 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Below, it demonstrates centering around difference with 1st Embodiment. The second light control member 4 in FIG. 10 has a plurality of convex portions 34 having a triangular cross section. Each of the convex portions 34 may have a triangular cross section in one direction and may extend in another direction intersecting the one direction, or may be a plurality of convex portions having a triangular cross section in the other direction. 34 may be arranged in a two-dimensional direction.

  Each convex portion 34 includes a first inclined surface (first surface portion) 34 c and a second inclined surface (second surface portion) 34 d inclined with respect to the ceiling surface 2, and a bottom surface 34 a in contact with the specular reflection surface 32 a of the reflection layer 32. Have The first inclined surface 34c and the second inclined surface 34d have different inclination angles with respect to the ceiling surface 2.

  Since the first light control member is disposed closer to the first inclined surface 34c than the second inclined surface 34d, most of the light from the first light control member 3 is directed to the first inclined surface 34c. Incident. The light incident on the first inclined surface 34c travels in the light control layer 31, is totally reflected by the specular reflection surface 32a, travels again in the light control layer 31, and reaches the second inclined surface 34d. To do.

  Since the first inclined surface 34c and the second inclined surface 34d have different inclination angles, the emitted light is deflected in a direction closer to the ceiling surface 2 and travels in the interior back direction.

  FIG. 11 is a view for explaining angles reflected and refracted by the second light control member 4 according to the second embodiment. Similar to the first embodiment, when the outside light is to be taken deeper into the interior, the method of the ceiling surface 2 of the light incident on the second light control member 4 from the first light control member 3 What is necessary is just to make it the output angle (beta) with respect to the normal line direction of the ceiling surface 2 of the light radiate | emitted (reflected) from the 2nd light control member 4 larger than the incident angle (alpha) with respect to a line direction. On the other hand, when it is desired to use outside light for daylighting indoors, α ≧ β may be satisfied.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the light from the first light control member is refracted by the first inclined surface 34c and enters the light control layer 31, and the refraction condition at that time is the following equation (1): It is represented by

  sin (θ−α) = nsin (θ−α ′) (1)

  In the equation (1), θ is the inclination angle of the first inclined surface 34c with respect to the ceiling surface 2, α is the incident angle of the incident light from the first light control member, and n is the refraction of the light control layer 31 with respect to the refractive index of air. The rate α ′ is the light refraction angle at the first inclined surface 34c. Both the incident angle α and the refraction angle α ′ are angles with respect to the normal direction of the ceiling surface 2.

  Next, the condition under which the light traveling in the light control layer 31 is regularly reflected by the specular reflection surface 32a is expressed by the following equation (2).

  β ′ = α ′ (2)

  In the equation (2), β ′ is a reflection angle with respect to the normal direction of the ceiling surface 2 at the specular reflection surface 32a.

  Next, the refraction condition when the light reflected by the specular reflection surface 32a is refracted by the second inclined surface 34d and emitted from the second light control member 4 is expressed by the following equation (3).

  sin (β−φ) = nsin (β′−φ) (3)

  In the equation (3), β is an angle of light emitted from the second inclined surface 34d with respect to the normal direction of the ceiling surface 2, and φ is an inclination angle of the second inclined surface 34d with respect to the ceiling surface 2.

  The light that has reached the second inclined surface 34d through the inside of the light control layer 31 must be refracted without being totally reflected by the second inclined surface 34d, and the condition of the following expression (4) is satisfied. Must be met.

  sin (β′−φ) <1 / n (4)

  When the relationship of the expression (4) is not satisfied, the light is totally reflected by the second inclined surface 34d, is again reflected by the specular reflection layer 32 through the inside of the light control layer 31, and finally the second light control member. Although the light is emitted from 4, the light intensity is weakened, so that the lighting efficiency is lowered. Therefore, it is desirable to satisfy the condition of the above-mentioned formula (4).

  FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between the incident angle α, the outgoing angle β, and the tilt angle φ described above when the tilt angle θ is fixed at 45 °. This figure shows the relationship between the incident angle α and the outgoing angle β when the inclination angle φ of the second inclined surface 34d is changed in increments of 10 °.

  In the case of FIG. 12, when the inclination angle φ of the second inclined surface 34d is 10 °, the emission angle β = 90 ° when the incident angle α = about 54 °. This indicates that when the incident angle α> 54 °, the light emitted from the second inclined surface 34d is directed to the ceiling surface side.

  Correspondence between the incident angle α of light incident on the second light control member 4, the emission angle β of light emitted from the second light control member 4, and the inclination angle of the first inclined surface 34c of the light control layer 31 The relationship is as shown in FIG. FIG. 12 shows the characteristics when the refractive index of the light control layer 31 is 1.5. When the refractive index is other than 1.5, the correspondence described above by (1) to (4) described above. Can be requested.

  In order to prevent light traveling toward the ceiling surface by the second inclined surface 34d, it is conceivable to adjust the refractive index n and shape of the light control layer 31, but otherwise, as shown in FIG. It is also conceivable to roughen the inclined surface 34d. When the second inclined surface 34d is roughened, the light specularly reflected by the specular reflection surface 32a is likely to be scattered by the second inclined surface 34d, and the proportion of light emitted indoors through the second inclined surface 34d is increased. be able to. However, in this case, the traveling direction of the light emitted from the second inclined surface 34 d is a direction close to the normal direction of the ceiling surface 22. Therefore, when it is desired to take as much outside light as possible not only in the interior direction but also in a wide indoor area, the second inclined surface 34d may be roughened to improve the light scattering performance.

  As described above, in the second embodiment, the second light control member 4 into which the light deflected by the first light control member 3 is incident has a plurality of convex portions 34 having a triangular cross section. In order to provide the light control layer 31, the light incident on the first inclined surface 34 c of each convex portion 34 is regularly reflected by the specular reflection surface 32 a in contact with the bottom surface of each convex portion 34, and then the The light can be refracted by the two inclined surfaces 34d and emitted from the second light control member 4. As a result, the outside light can be taken deeper into the interior, the daylighting efficiency is improved, the amount of artificial lighting used can be reduced, and the amount of carbon dioxide emitted can be reduced.

(Third embodiment)
In the first and second embodiments described above, a plurality of convex portions 34 are provided inside the second light control member 4, and the first light control member 3 is provided on one of the two surfaces of each convex portion 34. From the other surface and light is emitted from the other surface. On the other hand, in the third embodiment described below, light is incident and emitted on one surface of the convex portion 34.

  FIG. 14 is a sectional view of the second light control member 4 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. Below, it demonstrates centering around difference with 1st and 2nd embodiment. The light control member in FIG. 14 has a light control layer 31 in contact with the reflective layer 32. The first main surface 36 of the light control layer 31 is in contact with the specular reflection surface 32 a of the reflection layer 32. The second main surface 37 opposite to the first main surface 36 of the light control layer 31 has a first inclined surface (first surface portion) 34c and a second inclined surface (second surface portion) 34d. The first inclined surface 34c and the second inclined surface 34d have different inclination angles with respect to the ceiling surface 2.

  In FIG. 14, each end of the first inclined surface 34c and the second inclined surface 34d is not in contact with the specular reflecting surface 32a, but each end of the first inclined surface 34c and the second inclined surface 34d is specularly reflected. It may be in contact with the surface 32a.

  Since the first light control member is disposed closer to the first inclined surface 34c than the second inclined surface 34d, most of the light from the first light control member 3 is directed to the first inclined surface 34c. Incident. The light incident on the first inclined surface 34c travels in the light control layer 31, is regularly reflected by the specular reflection surface 32a, travels again in the light control layer 31, and reaches the first inclined surface 34c. To do.

  Since the first inclined surface 34c has different refraction conditions for incident and outgoing, the first inclined surface 34c is deflected in a direction closer to the ceiling surface 2 and travels in the direction toward the back of the room.

  FIG. 15 is a view for explaining angles reflected and refracted by the second light control member 4 according to the third embodiment. Similar to the first embodiment, when the outside light is to be taken deeper into the interior, the method of the ceiling surface 2 of the light incident on the second light control member 4 from the first light control member 3 What is necessary is just to make it the output angle (beta) with respect to the normal line direction of the ceiling surface 2 of the light radiate | emitted (reflected) from the 2nd light control member 4 larger than the incident angle (alpha) with respect to a line direction. On the other hand, when it is desired to use outside light for daylighting indoors, α ≧ β may be satisfied.

  As shown in FIG. 15, the light from the first light control member 3 is refracted by the first inclined surface 34c and enters the light control layer 31. The conditions of refraction at that time are as follows (5) It is expressed by a formula.

  sin (α−θ) = nsin (α′−θ) (5)

  In equation (5), θ is the inclination angle of the first inclined surface 34c with respect to the ceiling surface 2, α is the incident angle of incident light from the first light control member 3, and α ′ is the light incident on the first inclined surface 34c. Refraction angle.

  Next, the conditions under which the light traveling in the light control layer 31 is regularly reflected by the specular reflection surface 32a are expressed by the following equation (6).

  β ′ = α ′ (6)

  In the equation (6), β ′ is a reflection angle with respect to the normal direction of the ceiling surface 2 at the specular reflection surface 32a.

  Next, the refraction condition when the light reflected by the specular reflection surface 32a is refracted by the first inclined surface 34c and emitted from the second light control member 4 is expressed by the following equation (7).

  sin (β + θ) = nsin (β ′ + θ) (7)

  In the equation (7), β is an angle of the emitted light from the first inclined surface 34c with respect to the normal direction of the ceiling surface 2.

  The light that has reached the first inclined surface 34c through the inside of the light control layer 31 must be refracted without being totally reflected by the first inclined surface 34c, and the condition of the following equation (8) is satisfied. Must be met.

  sin (β ′ + θ) <1 / n (8)

  FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the relationship between the incident angle α, the outgoing angle β, and the tilt angle θ described above. This figure shows the relationship between the incident angle α and the outgoing angle β when the inclination angle θ of the first inclined surface 34c is changed in increments of 2 ° from 0 ° to 10 °.

  In the case of FIG. 16, when the tilt angle θ of the reflective layer 32 is 6 °, light having an incident angle α = 45 ° is emitted from the second light control member 4 at an emission angle β = 58.075.2 °.

  The shape of each graph in FIG. 16 may be changed by adjusting the material of the light control layer 31 constituting the second light control member 4.

  In the case of FIG. 16, when the tilt angle θ of the reflection layer 32 is 6 °, the emission angle β = 84 ° when the incident angle α = about 54 °, which is the end point of the corresponding curve. This indicates that when the incident angle α> 54 °, the light reflected by the reflective layer 32 is totally reflected by the first inclined surface 34c.

  Therefore, in order to efficiently emit the light totally reflected by the first inclined surface 34c from the light control layer 31 indoors, the second inclined surface 34d may be roughened as shown in FIG. When the second inclined surface 34d is roughened, when light totally reflected by the first inclined surface 34c is incident on the second inclined surface 34d, the light is easily scattered by the second inclined surface 34d. The ratio of the light emitted indoors through can be increased. However, in this case, the traveling direction of the light emitted from the first inclined surface 34 c is a direction close to the normal direction of the ceiling surface 22. Therefore, when it is desired to take as much outside light as possible not only in the interior direction but also in a wide indoor area, the second inclined surface 34d may be roughened to improve the light scattering performance.

  Thus, in the third embodiment, the first inclined surface 34c of the light control layer 31 provided inside the second light control member 4 on which the light deflected by the first light control member 3 is incident. Incident light is emitted and emitted, allowing outside light to be taken deep into the interior, improving daylighting efficiency, reducing artificial lighting usage, and reducing carbon dioxide emissions. .

  Also in the second and third embodiments, the surface of the light control layer 31 opposite to the specular reflection layer 32 may be covered with the protective layer 35 as in FIG. Thereby, it is possible to prevent dust and the like from adhering to the convex portion 34 formed in the light control layer 31 and to prevent the convex portion 34 from being physically damaged. Further, the protective layer 35 may contain scattering particles.

  Also in the second and third embodiments, the light control layer 31 may be shaped as shown in FIGS.

  The aspect of the present invention is not limited to the individual embodiments described above, and includes various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art, and the effects of the present invention are not limited to the contents described above. That is, various additions, modifications, and partial deletions can be made without departing from the concept and spirit of the present invention derived from the contents defined in the claims and equivalents thereof.

    DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Daylighting system, 2 Ceiling surface, 3 1st light control member, 4 2nd light control member, 5 Window or lighting tool, 6 base material layer, 7 light control layer, 8 adhesion layer, 9 hard coat layer, 10 Groove, 11 base part, 12 louver part, 21 slats, 22 base material layer, 23 light control layer, 24 functional layer, 25 base part, 26 louver part, 31 light control layer, 32 reflection layer, 33 adhesive layer, 34a bottom Bottom surface, 34b Upper bottom surface, 34c 1st inclined surface, 34d 2nd inclined surface, 35 Protective layer, 36 1st main surface, 37 2nd main surface, 41 Unit light control part, 43a, 43b Taper

Claims (14)

A first light control member for deflecting outside light toward the indoor ceiling surface;
A second light control member that is disposed along the ceiling surface and into which the light deflected by the first light control member is incident,
The second light control member is
A first surface portion and a second surface portion that are arranged to be inclined with respect to a surface side on which light deflected by the first light control member is incident;
A specular reflection surface provided on the opposite side to the surface on which the light deflected by the first light control member is incident,
The first surface portion is an inclined surface inclined with respect to the ceiling surface that refracts the light deflected by the first light control member and makes the light incident on the specular reflection surface.
The said 2nd surface part is a lighting system which refracts the light reflected by the said specular reflective surface, and makes it radiate | emit from said 2nd light control member.   The incident angle with respect to the normal direction of the ceiling surface when the light deflected by the first light control member is incident on the second light control member is that the light reflected by the specular reflection surface is the first angle. The daylighting system according to claim 1, wherein the daylighting system is smaller than an emission angle with respect to a normal direction of the ceiling surface when being refracted by two surface portions and emitted from the second light control member.   The daylighting system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second surface portion is a direction along a surface direction of the ceiling surface. A first light control member for deflecting outside light toward the indoor ceiling surface;
A second light control member that is disposed along the ceiling surface and into which the light deflected by the first light control member is incident,
The second light control member is
A first surface portion and a second surface portion that are arranged to be inclined with respect to a surface side on which light deflected by the first light control member is incident;
A specular reflection surface provided on the opposite side to the surface on which the light deflected by the first light control member is incident,
The first surface portion refracts the light deflected by the first light control member and causes the light to enter the specular reflection surface, and refracts the light reflected by the specular reflection surface to perform the second light control. A daylighting system which is an inclined surface which is emitted from a member and is inclined with respect to the ceiling surface.   The incident angle with respect to the normal direction of the ceiling surface when the external light deflected by the first light control member is incident on the second light control member is that the light reflected by the specular reflection surface is The daylighting system according to claim 4, wherein the daylighting system is smaller than an emission angle with respect to a normal direction of the ceiling surface when refracted by the first surface portion and emitted from the second light control member.   6. The daylighting system according to claim 4, wherein the first surface portion has a larger angle with respect to a normal direction of the ceiling surface than the second surface portion and a larger area than the second surface portion.   The daylighting system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first surface portion and the second surface portion are inclined surfaces having different inclination angles with respect to the normal direction of the ceiling surface. The second light control member is
A first layer having a surface in contact with the first surface portion and the second surface portion, and a surface in contact with the specular reflection surface;
A second layer having a surface stacked on the first layer and in contact with the first surface portion and the second surface portion, and a flat surface disposed opposite to the surface;
The daylighting system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first layer and the second layer have different refractive indexes. The second light control member is
A first layer having a surface in contact with the first surface portion and the second surface portion, and a surface in contact with the specular reflection surface;
A reflective layer having the specular reflective surface;
The daylighting system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising an adhesive layer or an adhesive layer in contact with the reflective layer. The second light control member has a plurality of unit light control units arranged adjacent to each other in a two-dimensional direction along the ceiling surface,
10. The daylighting system according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of unit light control units includes the first surface unit and the second surface unit that have different inclination directions with respect to the ceiling surface.   The inclination direction of the first surface portion of each of the plurality of unit light control portions with respect to the ceiling surface is set in accordance with a change in incident direction of light from the first light control member accompanying the movement of the sun. Item 11. The daylighting system according to Item 10.   The first surface portion and the second surface portion are formed by inclining a radial surface between adjacent arcs among a plurality of arcs having different diameters around a predetermined reference position of the specular reflection surface. The daylighting system according to any one of claims 1 to 9. The second light control member has a plurality of convex portions arranged in a two-dimensional direction along the specular reflection surface,
Each of the plurality of convex portions has two types of tapered portions having different inclination angles,
10. The daylighting system according to claim 2, wherein one of the two types of tapered portions is the first surface portion and the other is the second surface portion. A first surface portion and a second surface portion that are arranged to be inclined with respect to a surface on which light is incident;
A specular reflection surface provided on the opposite side of the surface on which the light is incident,
The first surface portion is an inclined surface inclined with respect to the ceiling surface, which refracts incident light and makes it incident on the specular reflection surface.
The first surface portion or the second surface portion is a light control member that refracts and emits light reflected by the specular reflection surface.

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