JP2015096278A - 複合材と金属のスタックにおける孔部の冷間加工 - Google Patents
複合材と金属のスタックにおける孔部の冷間加工 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015096278A JP2015096278A JP2014213297A JP2014213297A JP2015096278A JP 2015096278 A JP2015096278 A JP 2015096278A JP 2014213297 A JP2014213297 A JP 2014213297A JP 2014213297 A JP2014213297 A JP 2014213297A JP 2015096278 A JP2015096278 A JP 2015096278A
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- metal layer
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- composite
- stack
- Prior art date
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009419 refurbishment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D31/00—Other methods for working sheet metal, metal tubes, metal profiles
- B21D31/04—Expanding other than provided for in groups B21D1/00 - B21D28/00, e.g. for making expanded metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
- B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
- B26F1/16—Perforating by tool or tools of the drill type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P9/00—Treating or finishing surfaces mechanically, with or without calibrating, primarily to resist wear or impact, e.g. smoothing or roughening turbine blades or bearings; Features of such surfaces not otherwise provided for, their treatment being unspecified
- B23P9/02—Treating or finishing by applying pressure, e.g. knurling
- B23P9/025—Treating or finishing by applying pressure, e.g. knurling to inner walls of holes by using axially moving tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B35/00—Methods for boring or drilling, or for working essentially requiring the use of boring or drilling machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/10—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the whole cross-section, e.g. of concrete reinforcing bars
- C21D7/12—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the whole cross-section, e.g. of concrete reinforcing bars by expanding tubular bodies
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
- F16B5/01—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening elements specially adapted for honeycomb panels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
- F16B19/04—Rivets; Spigots or the like fastened by riveting
- F16B19/08—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
- Y10T29/49938—Radially expanding part in cavity, aperture, or hollow body
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
Abstract
Description
冷間加工プロセス中の割スリーブの拡張は、孔部を囲む複合材層に望ましからざる変形をもたらし、かつ/又は、割スリーブ上に付着する複合材残留物を発生させることがある。この問題の一解決策には、スタックを分解し、金属層に孔部を冷間加工し、次いで各層をスタックに再度組み立てることがある。しかしこの解決策は、時間がかかり、労働集約的である上、いくつかの用途においては実際的ではない。
電気めっき、
微細溶接、
レーザー焼結、
加法製造、のうちの1つによって実行される。
この実施形態では、スペーサ部材48cは、孔部40を囲む金属層24の領域上に直接形成される、厚みtを有する材料から成る。スペーサ部材48cを形成する材料は、電気めっき、微細溶接、火炎溶射、レーザー焼結、又は他の適切な加法プロセスを使用して、金属層24に付加されうる。スペーサ部材48cは、孔部40を最終的な所望穴径へと拡大することによって、又は他の適切な材料除去技術によって、金属層24を冷間加工した後に除去されうる。
21 構造物
22 スタック
24 金属層
26 複合材層
28 複合材層
30 固定具
32 軸部
34 ヘッド部
36 ナット
38 区域
40 孔部
42 割スリーブ
44 円周肩部
45 一方の側
46 表面
48 スペーサ部材
50 スリット
52 壁部
54 ブッシュ
56 マンドレル
58 引抜き
60 ヘッド部
62 環状リップ部
63 引張り具
65 間隙
68 径方向の拡張
70 材料
72 内側端部
75 スタック
76 金属層
78 複合材層
104 航空機
106 仕様及び設計
108 材料調達
110 構成要素及びサブアセンブリの製造
112 システムインテグレーション
114 認可及び納品
118 運航
120 整備及び保守
122 機体
124 システム
126 内装
128 推進システム
130 電気システム
132 油圧システム
134 環境システム
Claims (12)
- 少なくとも1つの金属層と少なくとも1つの複合材層のスタックを貫通して孔部を冷間加工する方法であって、
前記孔部内にツールを配置することと、
前記ツールと前記金属層の間にのみ干渉を形成すること、及び、
前記金属層のみに外側に向かう径方向力を印加するために前記ツールを使用することを含む、方法。 - 前記ツールと前記複合材層の間の隙間を保ちつつ、前記ツールを径方向に拡張させて前記金属層と接触状態にすることによって、外側に向かう径方向力を印加するよう前記ツールの使用が実行される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記干渉の形成は、前記ツールと前記金属層の間への材料の挟み込みを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記材料の挟み込みは、前記ツールと前記金属層のみとの間にブッシュを配置することによって実行される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記材料の挟み込みは、前記ツール上に帯状材料部を形成することを含む、請求項3又は4に記載の方法。
- 前記ツール上の前記帯状材料部の形成は、火炎溶射、電気めっき、微細溶接及びエッチングのうちの1つによって実行される、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記ツールと前記金属層の間への前記材料の挟み込みは、前記孔部を囲む前記金属層に前記材料を付加することを含む、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記材料の前記金属層への付加は、電気めっきと微細溶接のうちの1つによって実行される、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記干渉の形成は、前記孔部の周囲の前記複合材層から材料を除去して、前記複合材層と前記ツールの間に金属の帯状突起を形成することによって実行される、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記孔部内に前記ツールを配置することは、前記孔部内にスリーブを配置することを含み、
外側に向かう径方向力を印加するために前記ツールを使用することは、マンドレルを前記スリーブを通して引き抜くことによって、前記スリーブを拡張することを含む、
請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 複合材層と金属層のスタックに孔部を冷間加工するためのツールであって、
前記孔部への挿入が可能で、かつ、ツール部材の周囲に円周的に延在し直径がより大きな帯状部を有する拡張可能な前記ツール部材を含み、前記直径がより大きな帯状部は、前記スタックの一金属層のみに接触し、圧縮力を印加するよう適合されている、ツール。 - 前記拡張可能なツール部材は、
割スリーブと、
マンドレルのうちの1つである、請求項11に記載のツール。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/062,507 | 2013-10-24 | ||
US14/062,507 US9180509B2 (en) | 2013-10-24 | 2013-10-24 | Cold working holes in a composite and metal stack |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2015096278A true JP2015096278A (ja) | 2015-05-21 |
JP6470940B2 JP6470940B2 (ja) | 2019-02-13 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2014213297A Active JP6470940B2 (ja) | 2013-10-24 | 2014-10-20 | 複合材と金属のスタックにおける孔部の冷間加工 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9180509B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2865481B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6470940B2 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN112475365A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2862176C (ja) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR3043348B1 (fr) * | 2015-11-09 | 2018-03-02 | Airbus Operations | Bague d'expansion comprenant au moins deux portions cylindriques avec des proprietes mecaniques differentes, procede de fabrication d'une telle bague d'expansion et procede d'expansion a froid utilisant ladite bague d'expansion |
FR3043349B1 (fr) * | 2015-11-09 | 2017-10-27 | Airbus Operations Sas | Bague d'expansion comprenant au moins deux bagues exterieures et procede d'expansion a froid utilisant ladite bague d'expansion |
US11407034B2 (en) | 2017-07-06 | 2022-08-09 | OmniTek Technology Ltda. | Selective laser melting system and method of using same |
US11760043B2 (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2023-09-19 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | High strength mechanical fastening inclusions for fiber reinforced polymer structures |
DK3533998T3 (da) * | 2018-03-01 | 2021-07-05 | Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy As | Fremgangsmåde til korrosionsbeskyttelse i en vindmølle og vindmølle |
CN114313300B (zh) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-07-15 | 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种预测并提高飞机部件机表连接件安装合格率的方法 |
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US20080005887A1 (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2008-01-10 | Fatigue Technology, Inc. | Elongated member/radially expandable member assembly and methods of assembling the same |
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2013
- 2013-10-24 US US14/062,507 patent/US9180509B2/en active Active
-
2014
- 2014-09-05 CA CA2862176A patent/CA2862176C/en active Active
- 2014-09-25 CN CN202011318602.3A patent/CN112475365A/zh active Pending
- 2014-09-25 CN CN201410495340.6A patent/CN104552440A/zh active Pending
- 2014-10-20 JP JP2014213297A patent/JP6470940B2/ja active Active
- 2014-10-23 EP EP14190095.1A patent/EP2865481B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
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JPH04506478A (ja) * | 1990-01-26 | 1992-11-12 | ベル、ヘリカプタ、テクストロン、インコーパレイティド | 冷間加工した継手内のブシュ用のフレッチング防止被覆剤 |
US20080005887A1 (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2008-01-10 | Fatigue Technology, Inc. | Elongated member/radially expandable member assembly and methods of assembling the same |
US20100287776A1 (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2010-11-18 | Airbus Operations (Societe Par Actions Simplifiee) | Method for assembling a part of a metal material and a part of a composite material using a fastener |
US20110119891A1 (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2011-05-26 | Airbus Operations (S.A.S.) | Method for assembling a piece of metal material to a piece of composite material |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US9180509B2 (en) | 2015-11-10 |
JP6470940B2 (ja) | 2019-02-13 |
CN104552440A (zh) | 2015-04-29 |
US20150114071A1 (en) | 2015-04-30 |
CA2862176A1 (en) | 2015-04-24 |
EP2865481A1 (en) | 2015-04-29 |
EP2865481B1 (en) | 2020-12-02 |
CA2862176C (en) | 2018-01-16 |
CN112475365A (zh) | 2021-03-12 |
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