JP2015090252A - Apparatus for aggregating boiler operation data - Google Patents

Apparatus for aggregating boiler operation data Download PDF

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JP2015090252A
JP2015090252A JP2013231021A JP2013231021A JP2015090252A JP 2015090252 A JP2015090252 A JP 2015090252A JP 2013231021 A JP2013231021 A JP 2013231021A JP 2013231021 A JP2013231021 A JP 2013231021A JP 2015090252 A JP2015090252 A JP 2015090252A
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boiler
combustion
value
supply amount
time
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JP6153260B2 (en
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佳征 原田
Yoshiyuki Harada
佳征 原田
犬井 達也
Tatsuya Inui
達也 犬井
宇軌 増田
Takanori Masuda
宇軌 増田
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SAMSON CO Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for aggregating operation data, in which abnormality of a measurement device such as a flow meter used in a boiler for aggregating data by integration is detected.SOLUTION: An apparatus 3 for aggregating boiler operation data is provided which includes flow meters 2, 6 configured to transmit a pulse signal whenever a given amount of fluid is supplied to the boiler and which aggregates a supply amount to the boiler by counting the number of pulse signals transmitted by the flow meters 2, 6. The apparatus 3 for aggregating boiler operation data preobtains and presets a standard supply amount per unit time to the boiler upon combusting, calculates a supply amount calculation value by multiplying combustion time of the boiler within aggregation time by the supply amount per unit time, sets a value obtained by subtracting a given ratio of value from the calculated supply amount calculation value as an upper limit value of an abnormality determination value, and determines that abnormality occurs in the flow meters 2, 6 when the supply amount measurement value measured by the flow meters 2, 6 within the same aggregation time is smaller than the preset upper limit value of the abnormality determination value.

Description

本発明は、ボイラへ一定量の流体を供給するごとにパルス信号を発信するようにしている流量計からの信号を受けてボイラへの供給量を集計するようにしているボイラの運転データ集計装置に関するものであり、より詳しくは前記ボイラの運転データ集計装置において、供給量を計測する流量計に異常が発生している場合には流量計異常の判定を行うことができるようにしているボイラの運転データ集計装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a boiler operation data totaling device that receives a signal from a flow meter that transmits a pulse signal every time a fixed amount of fluid is supplied to the boiler and totals the amount supplied to the boiler. More specifically, in the boiler operation data totaling device, when an abnormality has occurred in the flow meter for measuring the supply amount, it is possible to determine the abnormality of the flow meter. The present invention relates to an operation data collection device.

ボイラにおける燃焼時間、給水量、燃料消費量、排ガス温度、蒸気圧力値などといった運転状態を記録していく場合、運転データ集計装置を設けておき、運転制御装置や計測装置から各種のデータを取り込んで集計を行う。燃焼時間を集計する場合は、燃焼時間はボイラの制御装置から燃焼時間のデータを取り込んで集計している。ボイラの燃焼量が高燃焼、低燃焼、燃焼停止の3位置制御のように段階的な運転を行っている場合には、高燃焼の時間と低燃焼の時間をそれぞれ検出する。ボイラへの給水量や燃料供給量の集計であれば、流量計からの信号を取り込むことで流量の集計を行う。流量計は一定量の流体が流れるごとにパルス信号を発信するようにしておき、運転データ集計装置では所定の期間内に発信されたパルス信号数をカウントすることで、その期間内における流量の積算値を算出する。排ガス温度や蒸気圧力値といった瞬間値を計測するものの場合は、一定間隔で計測を行っておき、トレンドデータとして記録していく。 When recording the operation status such as combustion time, water supply, fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperature, steam pressure value, etc. in the boiler, an operation data totaling device is provided, and various data are acquired from the operation control device and measurement device. Aggregate with. When the combustion time is totaled, the combustion time is calculated by taking in combustion time data from the boiler control device. In the case where the combustion amount of the boiler is performing stepwise operation such as three-position control of high combustion, low combustion, and combustion stop, the high combustion time and the low combustion time are detected. If the amount of water supply to the boiler and the amount of fuel supply are totaled, the flow rate is totaled by capturing signals from the flow meter. The flow meter emits a pulse signal every time a certain amount of fluid flows, and the operation data totaling device counts the number of pulse signals transmitted within a predetermined period, thereby integrating the flow rate within that period. Calculate the value. In the case of measuring instantaneous values such as exhaust gas temperature and steam pressure value, measurements are taken at regular intervals and recorded as trend data.

このとき、流量計などの計測装置に異常が発生していると、正しいデータを取り込むことができないため、データの集計が行えなくなる。そのため運転データ集計装置では、計測装置の異常を検出するようにしておき、異常発生時には異常の報知を行うことができるようになっていることが望まれている。 At this time, if an abnormality has occurred in a measuring device such as a flow meter, correct data cannot be captured, and data cannot be aggregated. For this reason, it is desired that the operation data totalization apparatus is configured to detect an abnormality of the measuring apparatus and to notify the abnormality when the abnormality occurs.

実願昭63−33017の明細書には、「自動運転管理装置(20)には、判別回路(21)を設け、RAM(24)に入力された運転管理データが予め設定した範囲外の数値であるときに、その旨の信号を発する」「上記のデータ異常と判別するための設定範囲としては、例えば給水温度は0〜200℃、排ガス温度は0〜500℃、火炎検出センサー出力は0〜100kΩのように設定し、センサーより得たデータの数値がこの範囲外にあるときは、異常と判断して上述のデータ書換えを行う」との記載がある。このようにすることで、異常なデータが入力された場合には異常と判別することができるが、この場合には異常と判別するため設定範囲が問題となる。給水温度や排ガス温度など瞬間的な値を検出する場合、正常時の値と異常時の値は明確に分かれているために問題ないが、給水量や燃料供給量といった積算値を検出している場合、積算値は運転状態によって大きく変化する。そのため、ある値が出力された場合、ある条件ではその値は正常であるが、別のある条件ではその値は異常であるということが起きてしまい、異常の判別が行えないということになっていた。 In the specification of actual application No. 63-33017, “the automatic operation management device (20) is provided with a discrimination circuit (21), and the operation management data input to the RAM (24) is a numerical value outside the preset range. "When the above, a signal to that effect is issued." "Setting ranges for determining the above data abnormality are, for example, a water supply temperature of 0 to 200 ° C, an exhaust gas temperature of 0 to 500 ° C, and a flame detection sensor output of 0. When the numerical value of the data obtained from the sensor is outside this range, it is determined that the data is abnormal and the above-described data rewrite is performed. In this way, when abnormal data is input, it can be determined as abnormal, but in this case, the setting range becomes a problem because it is determined as abnormal. When detecting instantaneous values such as water supply temperature and exhaust gas temperature, there is no problem because the normal value and the abnormal value are clearly separated, but integrated values such as water supply and fuel supply are detected. In this case, the integrated value varies greatly depending on the operating state. Therefore, when a certain value is output, the value is normal under a certain condition, but the value is abnormal under another certain condition, and the abnormality cannot be determined. It was.

実開平1−138102号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-138102

本発明が解決しようとする課題は、ボイラで使用している流量計などの積算でデータを集計するようにしている計測装置において、計測装置の異常を検出することのできるボイラの運転データ集計装置を提供することにある。   The problem to be solved by the present invention is a boiler operation data totaling device capable of detecting an abnormality in a measurement device in a measurement device that counts data by integrating a flow meter used in a boiler. Is to provide.

ボイラへ一定量の流体を供給するごとにパルス信号を発信するようにしている流量計を設けておき、流量計で発信しているパルス信号数をカウントすることでボイラへの供給量を集計するようにしているボイラの運転データ集計装置において、燃焼時における単位時間当たりでのボイラへの標準的な供給量をあらかじめ求めて設定しておき、集計時間内でのボイラの燃焼時間と、前記の単位時間当たりでの供給量を掛け合わせることで供給量演算値を算出し、算出した供給量演算値から一定の割合で減算した値を異常判定値の上限として設定を行い、同じ集計時間内における前記流量計で計測した供給量計測値が、先に設定を行った異常判定値の上限よりも小さくなった場合、流量計に異常が発生しているとの判定を行う。 Provide a flow meter that sends a pulse signal each time a certain amount of fluid is supplied to the boiler, and count the number of pulse signals sent by the flow meter to total the supply to the boiler In the boiler operation data totaling apparatus, the standard supply amount to the boiler per unit time at the time of combustion is determined and set in advance, and the boiler combustion time within the total time Calculate the supply amount calculation value by multiplying the supply amount per unit time, set the value obtained by subtracting the calculated supply amount calculation value at a certain rate as the upper limit of the abnormality judgment value, and within the same counting time When the supply amount measurement value measured by the flow meter becomes smaller than the upper limit of the abnormality determination value set previously, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the flow meter.

積算でデータを集計するようにしている計測装置に異常が発生した場合、計測装置の異常を検出することができ、異常な計測データを使用することによる誤った集計が行われることを防止することができる。 When an abnormality occurs in a measuring device that aggregates data by integration, it is possible to detect the abnormality of the measuring device and to prevent erroneous aggregation due to using abnormal measurement data Can do.

本発明を実施しているボイラのフロー図Flow diagram of boiler implementing the present invention 本発明の一実施例における給水量の演算値と異常判定値域の関係説明図Explanatory drawing of the relationship between the calculated value of the amount of water supply and the abnormality determination range in one embodiment of the present invention 本発明を実施しているボイラでの運転状態変遷例の説明図Explanatory drawing of the operation state transition example in the boiler which is carrying out the present invention

本発明の一実施例を図面を用いて説明する。図1は本発明を実施しているボイラのフロー図、図2は本発明の一実施例における給水量の演算値と異常判定値域の関係説明図である。本実施例では複数台のボイラ1を並列に接続し、蒸気必要量に応じてボイラの燃焼台数や燃焼量を増減する多缶設置ボイラとしている。この場合、ボイラの燃焼量を決定し、運転対象ボイラに対して燃焼指令の出力を行う集中制御装置4と、個々のボイラにそれぞれ設置しておき、集中制御装置4からの燃焼指令に基づいて各ボイラの運転を行わせる個別制御装置9を設けておく。集中制御装置4は蒸気圧力値などの制御データに基づき、燃焼を行うボイラを決定して燃焼指定の出力を行う。ボイラが高燃焼、低燃焼、燃焼停止のように燃焼量を調節できるものであれば、集中制御装置4は各ボイラに対して燃焼指令を出力する場合、燃焼量を指定する出力も行う。   An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a boiler implementing the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the relationship between the calculated value of the water supply amount and the abnormality determination range in one embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a plurality of boilers 1 are connected in parallel, and a multi-can installed boiler that increases or decreases the number of combustion boilers or the amount of combustion according to the required steam amount. In this case, the amount of combustion of the boiler is determined, and the central control device 4 that outputs the combustion command to the operation target boiler and the individual boilers are installed respectively, and based on the combustion command from the central control device 4 An individual control device 9 for operating each boiler is provided. The centralized control device 4 determines a boiler that performs combustion based on control data such as a steam pressure value and outputs a combustion designation. If the boiler can adjust the combustion amount such as high combustion, low combustion, and combustion stop, the centralized control device 4 also outputs an output that specifies the combustion amount when outputting a combustion command to each boiler.

各ボイラ1には、下部に給水配管8を接続しておき、給水配管8を通じて給水を行う。給水配管8は分岐配管によって各ボイラ1と接続しており、分岐配管部分に給水ポンプ7を設けている。ボイラへの給水は個々のボイラで独自に行っており、ボイラ内の水位を検出しておき、水位が給水開始水位まで低下すると給水ポンプ7を作動して給水を行うことでボイラ内の水位を上昇させ、水位が給水停止水位まで上昇すると給水ポンプ7の作動を停止するようにしており、水位は一定の範囲内に保つように制御する。ボイラへ供給している給水量は、給水配管8に設けている給水流量計2で計測している。ボイラ毎に給水量を算出するのであれば給水流量計は分岐以降の給水配管8に設置し、ボイラ全体で給水量を算出するのであれば共通の給水配管8に給水流量計を設置する。 A water supply pipe 8 is connected to each boiler 1 at the lower part, and water is supplied through the water supply pipe 8. The feed water pipe 8 is connected to each boiler 1 by a branch pipe, and a feed water pump 7 is provided in the branch pipe portion. Water supply to the boiler is performed independently by each boiler. The water level in the boiler is detected, and when the water level drops to the water supply start water level, the water supply pump 7 is operated to supply water, thereby controlling the water level in the boiler. When the water level rises to the water supply stop water level, the operation of the water supply pump 7 is stopped, and the water level is controlled to be kept within a certain range. The amount of water supplied to the boiler is measured by a water supply flow meter 2 provided in the water supply pipe 8. If the water supply amount is calculated for each boiler, the water supply flow meter is installed in the water supply pipe 8 after branching. If the water supply amount is calculated for the entire boiler, the water supply flow meter is installed in the common water supply pipe 8.

各ボイラ1はボイラ内部で燃焼を行う燃焼装置を持っており、燃焼装置への燃料供給は燃料供給配管5を通じて行う。燃料供給配管5も分岐配管によって各ボイラ1と接続している。ボイラへ供給している燃料量も、燃料供給配管5に設けている燃料流量計6によって計測している。こちらもボイラ毎に燃料供給量を算出するのであれば燃料流量計6は分岐以降の燃料供給配管5に設置し、ボイラ全体で燃料供給量を算出するのであれば共通の燃料供給配管5に燃料流量計6を設置する。 Each boiler 1 has a combustion device that performs combustion inside the boiler, and fuel is supplied to the combustion device through a fuel supply pipe 5. The fuel supply pipe 5 is also connected to each boiler 1 by a branch pipe. The amount of fuel supplied to the boiler is also measured by a fuel flow meter 6 provided in the fuel supply pipe 5. If the fuel supply amount is calculated for each boiler, the fuel flow meter 6 is installed in the fuel supply pipe 5 after the branch. If the fuel supply amount is calculated for the entire boiler, the fuel is supplied to the common fuel supply pipe 5. A flow meter 6 is installed.

ボイラでは、燃焼装置による燃焼を行うことで熱を発生させ、ボイラ内のボイラ水を加熱することでボイラ水を蒸発させて蒸気を取り出す。多缶設置しているボイラでは、各ボイラ1から発生した蒸気は蒸気ヘッダー(図示せず)に集合させ、蒸気ヘッダーから蒸気使用箇所へ蒸気を供給する。 In the boiler, heat is generated by performing combustion with a combustion device, and the boiler water is evaporated by heating the boiler water in the boiler to extract steam. In boilers installed in multiple cans, the steam generated from each boiler 1 is collected in a steam header (not shown), and the steam is supplied from the steam header to a steam use location.

集中制御装置4には蒸気圧力値に対応させてボイラの燃焼量を設定しておき、蒸気ヘッダーでの蒸気圧力値を検出してボイラの燃焼状態を決定する。図3に記載があるように、蒸気圧力値の制御幅内は複数の圧力帯に区分しておき、検出している蒸気圧力値が低下して低圧側の圧力帯に移動するほどボイラ全体での燃焼量が大きくなる燃焼状態を設定し、蒸気圧力値が上昇して高圧側の圧力帯に移動するとボイラ全体での燃焼量を小さくする燃焼状態に設定する。ボイラが高燃焼、低燃焼、燃焼停止のように燃焼量の変更を行うものであれば、集中制御装置4では高燃焼の台数、低燃焼の台数、燃焼停止の台数を決定する。 The central control device 4 sets the combustion amount of the boiler in correspondence with the steam pressure value, detects the steam pressure value at the steam header, and determines the combustion state of the boiler. As shown in FIG. 3, the control range of the steam pressure value is divided into a plurality of pressure zones, and the detected steam pressure value decreases and moves to the pressure zone on the low pressure side. Is set to a combustion state in which the combustion amount in the entire boiler is reduced when the steam pressure value rises and moves to the pressure zone on the high pressure side. If the boiler changes the combustion amount such as high combustion, low combustion, and combustion stop, the centralized control device 4 determines the number of high combustion, the number of low combustion, and the number of combustion stop.

集中制御装置4では、各ボイラの稼働優先順位を設定しておき、ボイラ全体での燃焼量を増加する場合には稼働優先順位の高いボイラから順に燃焼量を増加し、燃焼量を減少する場合には稼働優先順位の低いボイラから順に燃焼量を減少する。集中制御装置では、決定した燃焼量となるように各ボイラに対して運転指令を出力する。個々のボイラに設けている個別制御装置9では、集中制御装置4から燃焼指令を受けるとボイラの燃焼を行って蒸気を発生し、燃焼指令が途切れるとボイラの燃焼を停止して蒸気供給を停止する。 In the centralized control device 4, when the operation priority order of each boiler is set and the combustion amount in the entire boiler is increased, the combustion amount is increased in order from the boiler with the higher operation priority order, and the combustion amount is decreased. In order to reduce the amount of combustion, the boilers with the lowest operating priority are used. The central control apparatus outputs an operation command to each boiler so that the determined combustion amount is obtained. In the individual control device 9 provided in each boiler, when the combustion command is received from the central control device 4, the boiler is burned to generate steam, and when the combustion command is interrupted, the boiler combustion is stopped and the steam supply is stopped. To do.

図3はある集計時間(1時間)における蒸気圧力値とボイラ燃焼状態の例を示したものである。ここでは、1号缶から3号缶の3台のボイラからなるシステムであって、各ボイラは高燃焼、低燃焼、燃焼停止の三位置燃焼制御を行っている。蒸気圧力から定まる燃焼のパターンは、高燃焼の場合をH、低燃焼の場合をL、燃焼停止の場合を−としており、3台全てが燃焼停止である―――から、3台全てが高燃焼であるHHHまでの7つの区分に分かれている。図では当初の蒸気圧力値は下から2段目でこの時の燃焼状態はHHLとなっており、1号缶と2号缶のボイラは高燃焼、3号缶のボイラは低燃焼を行うことになる。蒸気圧力値が上昇して一つ上の圧力区分に移ると、燃焼量は1段階少なくする。この時の燃焼状態はHLLであり、ここでは1号缶のボイラは高燃焼、2号缶と3号缶のボイラは低燃焼となる。図3では蒸気圧力値は更に上昇しており、LLLの区分に入ると3台のボイラは全て低燃焼となっている。 FIG. 3 shows an example of the steam pressure value and the boiler combustion state in a certain counting time (1 hour). Here, it is a system consisting of three boilers, from No. 1 can to No. 3 can, and each boiler performs three-position combustion control of high combustion, low combustion, and combustion stop. The combustion pattern determined from the steam pressure is H for high combustion, L for low combustion, and-when combustion is stopped. All three units are stopped. It is divided into seven sections up to HHH which is combustion. In the figure, the initial steam pressure value is the second stage from the bottom, and the combustion state at this time is HHL, the boilers of cans 1 and 2 are high combustion, and the boilers of can 3 are low combustion become. When the steam pressure value rises and moves to the upper pressure section, the combustion amount is decreased by one step. The combustion state at this time is HLL, and the boilers of the No. 1 can have high combustion and the boilers of the No. 2 and No. 3 cans have low combustion. In FIG. 3, the steam pressure value further rises, and when entering the LLL category, all three boilers are in low combustion.

このような圧力変動があった場合、最初の20分間は2台のボイラによる高燃焼と1台のボイラで低燃焼、次の20分間は1台のボイラで高燃焼と2台のボイラで低燃焼、最後の20分間は3台のボイラで低燃焼となっている。そのため、この1時間における燃焼時間の合計値は、高燃焼60分と低燃焼120分となる。 If there is such pressure fluctuation, high combustion with two boilers and low combustion with one boiler for the first 20 minutes, high combustion with one boiler and low combustion with two boilers for the next 20 minutes Combustion, last 20 minutes is low combustion with 3 boilers. Therefore, the total value of the combustion time in 1 hour is 60 minutes for high combustion and 120 minutes for low combustion.

また、本発明では運転データ集計装置3を設けておき、ボイラでの運転データの集計を行うようにしている。運転データ集計装置3による運転データの集計は、複数台のボイラを設置している比較的規模の大きなボイラシステムでよく行われている。運転データ集計装置3では、ボイラの燃焼時間、給水量、燃焼消費量、蒸気圧力、排ガス温度、給水温度、燃料温度などといった各種のデータを取り込み、集計を行って記録していく。これらの元となるデータは、集中制御装置4から運転データ集計装置3へ送るようにしている。 In the present invention, an operation data totaling device 3 is provided so as to total operation data in the boiler. The operation data totaling by the operation data totaling device 3 is often performed in a relatively large boiler system in which a plurality of boilers are installed. The operation data totaling device 3 takes in various data such as boiler combustion time, feed water amount, combustion consumption, steam pressure, exhaust gas temperature, feed water temperature, fuel temperature, etc., and tabulates and records them. These original data are sent from the centralized control device 4 to the operation data totaling device 3.

運転データ集計装置3で集計するデータには、積算値で管理するデータと、瞬間値で管理するデータがある。燃焼時間や給水量、燃料消費量などは積算値の集計を行い、蒸気圧力や排ガス温度、給水温度などは瞬間値でのトレンドデータを集計することになる。また、燃焼時間の集計を行う場合、ボイラが3位置燃焼制御を行うものであれば、高燃焼時間と低燃焼時間のそれぞれを分けて集計する。 Data collected by the operation data totaling device 3 includes data managed by integrated values and data managed by instantaneous values. The combustion time, water supply amount, fuel consumption amount, etc. are summed up, and the steam pressure, exhaust gas temperature, water supply temperature, etc. are summed up as trend data with instantaneous values. When the combustion time is counted, if the boiler performs three-position combustion control, the high combustion time and the low combustion time are separately counted.

給水配管8に設けた給水流量計2は、計測単位分の給水が行われるごとにパルス信号を発信するものであり、運転データ集計装置3では給水流量計2から送信されている給水パルス信号の発信数を検出する。運転データ集計装置3では、単位給水量に給水パルス信号数を掛けることで給水量を算出することができ、給水量は1時間ごとといった集計時間の単位で集計して保存していく。燃料供給量の計測も同様であり、燃料供給配管5に設けた燃料流量計6も、計測単位分の燃料が流れるごとにパルス信号を発信し、運転データ集計装置3では燃料供給パルス信号のカウントを行って燃料供給量を計測する。 The feed water flow meter 2 provided in the feed water pipe 8 transmits a pulse signal every time water is supplied for a measurement unit. In the operation data totaling device 3, the feed water pulse signal transmitted from the feed water flow meter 2 is transmitted. Detect the number of outgoing calls. The operation data totaling device 3 can calculate the water supply amount by multiplying the unit water supply amount by the number of water supply pulse signals, and the water supply amount is totalized and stored in units of total time such as every hour. The same applies to the measurement of the fuel supply amount, and the fuel flow meter 6 provided in the fuel supply pipe 5 also transmits a pulse signal every time fuel for the measurement unit flows, and the operation data totaling device 3 counts the fuel supply pulse signal. To measure the fuel supply.

給水流量計2や燃料流量計6に異常が発生すると、正確な給水量や燃料供給量の算出は行えなくなる。給水流量計2又は燃料流量計6に異常が発生した場合、給水又は燃料供給が行われているのにパルス信号を全く発信しない、又はパルス信号が実際よりも間引かれて発信することになるため、流量計2や燃料流量計6の異常時にはパルス信号の出力数が実際の供給量に相当する量より少なくなるという現象が現れる。給水流量計2や燃料流量計6に異常が発生すると正しい供給を記録することができなくなるため、運転データ集計装置3では給水流量計2や燃料流量計6の異常を検出するようにしておき、流量計異常時には異常発生の報知を行うことで、異常なデータによる集計を続けることがないようにしておく。 If an abnormality occurs in the feed water flow meter 2 or the fuel flow meter 6, it becomes impossible to accurately calculate the water supply amount or the fuel supply amount. When an abnormality occurs in the feed water flow meter 2 or the fuel flow meter 6, the pulse signal is not transmitted at all even though the water supply or the fuel supply is being performed, or the pulse signal is transmitted after being thinned out than the actual one. For this reason, when the flow meter 2 or the fuel flow meter 6 is abnormal, the phenomenon that the number of output of the pulse signal becomes smaller than the amount corresponding to the actual supply amount appears. If an abnormality occurs in the feed water flow meter 2 or the fuel flow meter 6, the correct supply cannot be recorded. Therefore, the operation data totaling device 3 detects an abnormality in the feed water flow meter 2 or the fuel flow meter 6. By notifying the occurrence of an abnormality when the flow meter is abnormal, it is ensured that counting by abnormal data is not continued.

給水流量計2での異常検出は、燃焼時間と、燃焼時の単位時間当たりの標準的な給水量の設定値と、燃焼時間から想定される給水量演算値と、給水量演算値から所定の割合で減算して設定する異常判定値と、給水流量計で計測している給水量を使用して行う。給水流量計2の異常を検出する場合、まず集計時間内における燃焼時間を検出し、燃焼時間と標準的な単位時間当たりの給水量を掛け合わせることで燃焼時間から想定される給水量演算値を算出する。そして、この給水量演算値から所定の割合で減算した値を異常判定値の上限値として設定しておく。次に、同じ集計時間内において、給水流量計2からのパルス信号をカウントすることで給水量計測値を算出しておき、先に設定しておいた異常判定値を比較する。給水流量計2での計測値がこの異常判定値より小さい場合、給水流量計2に異常が発生していると判定する。 Abnormality detection in the feed water flow meter 2 is performed based on the combustion time, the set value of the standard water supply amount per unit time during combustion, the water supply amount calculation value assumed from the combustion time, and the water supply amount calculation value. This is performed using the abnormality judgment value set by subtracting the ratio and the amount of water supply measured by the water supply flowmeter. When detecting an abnormality in the feed water flow meter 2, first, the combustion time within the total time is detected, and the calculated amount of water calculated from the combustion time is calculated by multiplying the combustion time by the standard water supply amount per unit time. calculate. Then, a value obtained by subtracting the water supply amount calculation value at a predetermined ratio is set as the upper limit value of the abnormality determination value. Next, within the same counting time, the water supply amount measurement value is calculated by counting the pulse signal from the water supply flow meter 2, and the previously set abnormality determination value is compared. When the measured value in the feed water flow meter 2 is smaller than the abnormality determination value, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the feed water flow meter 2.

なお、ボイラへの給水は、ボイラ内水位が給水開始水位まで低下すると、給水を行って水位を上昇させ、給水を行ったことでボイラ内水位が給水停止水位まで上昇すると、給水を停止することを繰り返す間欠給水、又は設定水位に対して実際水位が高ければ給水量を減少し、実際水位が低ければ給水量を増加する比例給水にて行っている。そのため、短い時間で見るとボイラの燃焼時間と給水量は比例しないことになる。しかしボイラの給水量は、1時間単位など比較的長い時間で集計するため、燃焼時間と給水量は比例していると見なしても問題はない。 In addition, when the boiler water level drops to the water supply start water level, water supply to the boiler is performed by supplying water and raising the water level, and when water supply is performed, the boiler water level rises to the water supply stop water level and water supply is stopped. If the actual water level is higher than the set water level, the water supply amount is decreased, and if the actual water level is low, the proportional water supply is performed. For this reason, when viewed in a short time, the combustion time of the boiler and the amount of water supply are not proportional. However, since the amount of water supplied to the boiler is counted over a relatively long time such as one hour, there is no problem even if it is assumed that the combustion time and the amount of water supplied are proportional.

高燃焼、低燃焼、燃焼停止の三位置燃焼制御を行うボイラであれば、高燃焼時の単位時間での標準給水量と、低燃焼の単位時間での標準給水量をそれぞれ求めておく。単位時間として1分間と設定しておいた場合には、高燃焼を1分間行った場合の標準的な給水量と、低燃焼を1分間行った場合の標準的な給水量をそれぞれ設定しておく。そして、ある集計時間内における高燃焼時間に、高燃焼での単位時間当たりの標準給水量を掛けたものと、同じ集計時間内における低燃焼時間に低燃焼での単位時間当たりの標準給水量を掛けたものを合計すると、その時間内における給水量を演算によって算出することができる。 If the boiler performs three-position combustion control of high combustion, low combustion, and combustion stop, the standard water supply amount per unit time during high combustion and the standard water supply amount per unit time during low combustion are obtained. If the unit time is set to 1 minute, set the standard water supply amount when high combustion is performed for 1 minute and the standard water supply amount when low combustion is performed for 1 minute. deep. Then, multiply the high combustion time within a certain total time by the standard water supply amount per unit time for high combustion, and the standard water supply amount per unit time for low combustion within the same total time. When the multiplied products are totaled, the amount of water supply within that time can be calculated by calculation.

例えばある集計時間において、高燃焼20分と低燃焼20分の燃焼を行い、燃焼停止が20分であった場合には、高燃焼20分と高燃焼時の単位時間での標準給水量を掛けることで高燃焼時の給水量演算値を算出し、低燃焼20分と低燃焼の単位時間での標準給水量を掛けることで低燃焼時の給水量を算出しておき、両者を合計することでその集計時間における給水量演算値を算出することができる。 For example, in a certain counting time, when 20 minutes of high combustion and 20 minutes of low combustion are performed and the combustion stop is 20 minutes, multiply the standard water supply amount in unit time during 20 minutes of high combustion and high combustion. Calculate the water supply calculation value at high combustion, and calculate the water supply amount at low combustion by multiplying the standard water supply amount at the low combustion 20 minutes and the unit time of low combustion, and add both Thus, it is possible to calculate the water supply amount calculation value at the total time.

なお、図1に記載しているように複数台のボイラを設置しており、給水流量計2は共通の給水配管8に設置している多缶設置ボイラであれば、給水流量計2で計測している給水量は、ボイラ全体での給水量の合計となる。この場合の給水量演算値は、ボイラ全体の合計で算出する必要があるため、全体の燃焼時間を足し合わせ、その時間と単位時間での標準給水量を掛けることで給水量演算値を算出する。 If a plurality of boilers are installed as shown in FIG. 1 and the feed water flow meter 2 is a multi-can installation boiler installed in a common feed water pipe 8, it is measured by the feed water flow meter 2. The amount of water supplied is the total amount of water supplied by the entire boiler. In this case, the water supply amount calculation value needs to be calculated as the total of the entire boiler. Therefore, the water supply amount calculation value is calculated by adding the entire combustion time and multiplying that time by the standard water supply amount in unit time. .

運転データ集計装置3では、給水量演算値から一定の割合で減算した値を異常判定値の上限値として設定する。異常判定値の下限値は0とし、上限値と下限値の間を異常判定値域する。運転データ集計装置3では、給水流量計2で検出している給水量計測値が、燃焼時間に基づいて定まる異常判定値域内に入っている場合、給水流量計2に異常が発生しているとの判定を行い、異常発生の報知を行う。 The operation data totaling device 3 sets a value obtained by subtracting the water supply amount calculated value at a constant rate as the upper limit value of the abnormality determination value. The lower limit value of the abnormality determination value is set to 0, and the abnormality determination value region is between the upper limit value and the lower limit value. In the operation data totaling device 3, when the feed water amount measurement value detected by the feed water flow meter 2 is within the abnormality determination value range determined based on the combustion time, the feed water flow meter 2 has an abnormality. And the occurrence of abnormality is notified.

なお、燃焼時間から給水量を算出する給水量演算値の場合、給水量を直接計測しているものではないため、ある程度の誤差が発生することになる。しかし、実際の給水量に対してかけ離れた値になることもないため、給水流量計2の異常判定には十分使用することができる。ただし燃焼時間が非常に短く、給水量も少なくなっている場合には、給水量演算値と異常判定上限値との差が小さくなり、異常の判定が難しくなるため、給水流量計の異常判定は行っていない。 In the case of the water supply amount calculation value for calculating the water supply amount from the combustion time, a certain amount of error occurs because the water supply amount is not directly measured. However, since it does not become a value far from the actual amount of water supply, it can be used sufficiently for abnormality determination of the water supply flow meter 2. However, when the combustion time is very short and the water supply amount is small, the difference between the water supply calculation value and the abnormality determination upper limit value becomes small, making it difficult to determine the abnormality. not going.

図2に基づいて具体的に説明する。図2では、1時間における給水量演算値と異常判定値域を表しており、縦軸に給水流量、横軸に時間をとっている。なお、上記説明では高燃焼の時間と低燃焼の時間でそれぞれ給水量を算出すると記載したが、説明が複雑になるためにここでは全時間を通して燃焼時の燃焼量は一つのみであり、燃焼を行っていたか燃焼を停止していたかのどちらかであったとして説明を簡略化している。 A specific description will be given based on FIG. In FIG. 2, the water supply amount calculation value and the abnormality determination value range in one hour are shown, with the water supply flow rate on the vertical axis and the time on the horizontal axis. In the above description, it has been described that the water supply amount is calculated for each of the high combustion time and the low combustion time. However, since the description is complicated, only one combustion amount during combustion is used throughout the entire time, and the combustion is performed. The explanation is simplified because it was either that the combustion was stopped or the combustion was stopped.

図2の場合、60分燃焼した場合の給水量演算値は2000Lであったとしている。給水量演算値は、燃焼時間に比例するものであるため、燃焼時間が半分の30分(燃焼停止時間は30分)であったとすると、給水量の演算値は半分の1000Lとなる。異常判定値の上限は、給水量演算値の80%と定めていた場合、燃焼時間60分時では給水量演算値2000Lの80%が異常判定上限値であって1600L、燃焼時間30分時では給水量演算値1000Lの80%が異常判定上限値であって800Lとなる。そして、給水流量計2からのパルス信号は0になることはあっても0より小さくなることはあり得ないため、異常判定値の下限は0Lとなる。また、燃焼時間が極めて短い場合、給水量演算値は小さな値となり、異常判定上限値との差も小さくなる。その場合、誤差の範囲であって流量計の異常ではない場合まで異常と判定する可能性が高まるため、給水量演算値が小さい部分では異常判定値の設定は行っていない。実施例では給水量演算値が100Lより少ない部分では異常判定値の設定を行っていない。そのため、図2で斜線の平行線を引くことで表している異常判定値域は台形になっている。 In the case of FIG. 2, it is assumed that the water supply amount calculated value after combustion for 60 minutes was 2000 L. Since the water supply amount calculation value is proportional to the combustion time, if the combustion time is half of 30 minutes (combustion stop time is 30 minutes), the water supply amount calculation value is half of 1000L. If the upper limit of the abnormality determination value is determined to be 80% of the water supply amount calculation value, 80% of the water supply amount calculation value 2000L is the abnormality determination upper limit value when the combustion time is 60 minutes, and 1600L and the combustion time is 30 minutes. 80% of the water supply amount calculation value 1000L is the abnormality determination upper limit value, which is 800L. And although the pulse signal from the feed water flow meter 2 may be 0, it cannot be smaller than 0, so the lower limit of the abnormality determination value is 0L. In addition, when the combustion time is extremely short, the water supply amount calculation value is a small value, and the difference from the abnormality determination upper limit value is also small. In that case, since there is a higher possibility of determining an abnormality until it is within the error range and the flowmeter is not abnormal, no abnormality determination value is set in a portion where the water supply amount calculation value is small. In the embodiment, the abnormality determination value is not set in a portion where the water supply amount calculation value is less than 100L. For this reason, the abnormality determination value range represented by drawing the hatched parallel lines in FIG. 2 is a trapezoid.

運転データ集計装置3では、燃焼時間と、給水流量計2が発信しているパルス信号をカウントすることで算出する給水量の測定値によってプロットした値がこの異常判定域内であった場合、給水流量計2に異常が発生していると判定し、異常発生の報知を行う。例えば、燃焼時間が60分であって給水量演算値が2000Lであった場合に、流量計2から出力されているパルス信号をカウントすることで算出した給水量計測値が1000Lであったとする。この場合、1000Lは燃焼時間60分時の異常判定値上限である1600Lよりも少なく、異常判定域内に入っている。そのためこのケースでは、運転データ集計装置3は給水流量計異常の判定を行う。また、流量計2から出力されているパルス信号をカウントすることで算出した給水量計測値が上記と同じ1000Lであったとしても、その時の燃焼時間は30分であったとする。この場合、燃焼時間30分時の異常判定値上限は800Lであって、1000Lは30分時の異常判定値域内には入っていない。そのためこのケースでは、運転データ集計装置3は給水流量計異常との判定は行わない。 In the operation data totaling device 3, when the value plotted by the measured value of the water supply amount calculated by counting the combustion time and the pulse signal transmitted from the water supply flow meter 2 is within this abnormality determination region, the water supply flow rate It is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the total 2, and the occurrence of the abnormality is notified. For example, when the combustion time is 60 minutes and the water supply amount calculation value is 2000 L, the water supply amount measurement value calculated by counting the pulse signal output from the flow meter 2 is 1000 L. In this case, 1000L is less than 1600L, which is the upper limit of the abnormality determination value when the combustion time is 60 minutes, and is within the abnormality determination region. Therefore, in this case, the operation data totaling device 3 determines whether the feed water flow meter is abnormal. Moreover, even if the water supply amount measurement value calculated by counting the pulse signals output from the flow meter 2 is 1000 L, the combustion time at that time is 30 minutes. In this case, the upper limit of the abnormality determination value at the combustion time of 30 minutes is 800 L, and 1000 L does not fall within the abnormality determination value range at 30 minutes. Therefore, in this case, the operation data totaling device 3 does not determine that the feed water flow meter is abnormal.

運転データ集計装置3では、給水流量計異常の判定を行った場合には異常発生の報知を行う。ボイラ管理者は、給水流量計2の異常報知に基づき給水流量計2の補修を行い、正しい給水量を計測することができるようにする。そのため、異常な値に基づいて集計を行い続けるということを防止することができる。 In the operation data totaling device 3, when the abnormality of the feed water flow meter is determined, the occurrence of the abnormality is notified. The boiler manager repairs the feed water flow meter 2 based on the abnormality notification of the feed water flow meter 2 so that the correct water supply amount can be measured. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the counting from being continued based on an abnormal value.

なお、ここまでは、給水流量計2の異常についての説明を行ったが、燃料流量計6の異常についても同じである。給水量や燃料供給量など積算で集計するデータの場合、燃焼時間によって積算量は変化する。本発明では、燃焼時間によって異常判定値を異ならせるようにしているため、燃焼時間によって変化する積算データであっても正しく異常の判定を行うことができる。 In the above description, the abnormality of the feed water flow meter 2 has been described, but the same applies to the abnormality of the fuel flow meter 6. In the case of data totaled by integration such as water supply amount and fuel supply amount, the integration amount changes depending on the combustion time. In the present invention, since the abnormality determination value is made different depending on the combustion time, it is possible to correctly determine the abnormality even with integrated data that changes depending on the combustion time.

図2の説明では燃焼時の燃焼量は同じであって燃焼を行っている時間のみが異なるものであったが、図3に記載しているように三位置燃焼制御を行っており、燃焼量が異なる場合でも考え方は同じである。図3では、最初の20分間は2台のボイラで高燃焼と1台のボイラで低燃焼、次の20分間は1台のボイラで高燃焼と2台のボイラで低燃焼、最後の20分間は3台のボイラで低燃焼となっている。そのため、この1時間における燃焼時間は、高燃焼60分と低燃焼120分となっている。予め設定している給水量は、高燃焼60分で2000L、低燃焼60分で1000Lであったとすると、この1時間での給水量演算値は、高燃焼60分での2000Lと、低燃焼120分での2000Lの合計4000Lとなる。異常判定値域の上限は給水量演算値の80%であった場合、4000Lの80%は3200Lであるため、流量計による給水量計測値が3200Lよりも低い場合には流量計の異常と判定する。 In the description of FIG. 2, the combustion amount at the time of combustion is the same and only the combustion time is different. However, as shown in FIG. 3, the three-position combustion control is performed, and the combustion amount is Even if they are different, the idea is the same. In FIG. 3, the first 20 minutes are high combustion with two boilers and low combustion with one boiler, the next 20 minutes are high combustion with one boiler and low combustion with two boilers, the last 20 minutes Has low combustion in three boilers. Therefore, the combustion time in 1 hour is 60 minutes for high combustion and 120 minutes for low combustion. Assuming that the preset water supply amount is 2000 L for 60 minutes of high combustion and 1000 L for 60 minutes of low combustion, the calculated amount of water supply for 1 hour is 2000 L for 60 minutes of high combustion, and low combustion 120 It becomes 4000L in total of 2000L in minutes. When the upper limit of the abnormality determination value range is 80% of the water supply amount calculation value, 80% of 4000L is 3200L. Therefore, when the water supply measurement value by the flowmeter is lower than 3200L, it is determined that the flowmeter is abnormal. .

なお、本発明は以上説明した実施例に限定されるものではなく、多くの変形が本発明の技術的思想内で当分野において通常の知識を有する者により可能である。 The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and many modifications can be made by those having ordinary knowledge in the art within the technical idea of the present invention.

1 ボイラ

給水流量計
3 運転データ集計装置
4 集中制御装置
5 燃料供給配管
6 燃料流量計
7 給水ポンプ
8 給水配管
9 個別制御装置
1 boiler
2
Feed water flow meter 3 Operation data totaling device 4 Central control device 5 Fuel supply piping 6 Fuel flow meter 7 Feed water pump 8 Feed water piping 9 Individual control device

Claims (1)

ボイラへ一定量の流体を供給するごとにパルス信号を発信するようにしている流量計を設けておき、流量計で発信しているパルス信号数をカウントすることでボイラへの供給量を集計するようにしているボイラの運転データ集計装置において、燃焼時における単位時間当たりでのボイラへの標準的な供給量をあらかじめ求めて設定しておき、集計時間内でのボイラの燃焼時間と、前記の単位時間当たりでの供給量を掛け合わせることで供給量演算値を算出し、算出した供給量演算値から一定の割合で減算した値を異常判定値の上限として設定を行い、同じ集計時間内における前記流量計で計測した供給量計測値が、先に設定を行った異常判定値の上限よりも小さくなった場合、流量計に異常が発生しているとの判定を行うものであることを特徴とするボイラの運転データ集計装置。

Provide a flow meter that sends a pulse signal each time a certain amount of fluid is supplied to the boiler, and count the number of pulse signals sent by the flow meter to total the supply to the boiler In the boiler operation data totaling apparatus, the standard supply amount to the boiler per unit time at the time of combustion is determined and set in advance, and the boiler combustion time within the total time Calculate the supply amount calculation value by multiplying the supply amount per unit time, set the value obtained by subtracting the calculated supply amount calculation value at a certain rate as the upper limit of the abnormality judgment value, and within the same counting time When the supply amount measurement value measured by the flow meter becomes smaller than the upper limit of the abnormality determination value set previously, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the flow meter. Operation data collection apparatus of a boiler to.

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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59148819A (en) * 1983-02-15 1984-08-25 Miura Co Ltd Abnormality detector for flow meter
JPH01138102U (en) * 1988-03-11 1989-09-21
JP2002005409A (en) * 2000-06-19 2002-01-09 Samson Co Ltd Feed water controller for boiler
JP2004205420A (en) * 2002-12-26 2004-07-22 Tokyo Gas Co Ltd Gas meter
JP2005321146A (en) * 2004-05-10 2005-11-17 Samson Co Ltd Boiler capable of determining abnormality in detecting water level
JP2009047119A (en) * 2007-08-22 2009-03-05 Samson Co Ltd Water supply equipment
JP2009068997A (en) * 2007-09-13 2009-04-02 Miura Co Ltd Flow sensor abnormality detection method and deaeration apparatus
JP2010271227A (en) * 2009-05-22 2010-12-02 Yazaki Corp Gas meter and abnormality determination method therefor
JP2011007428A (en) * 2009-06-26 2011-01-13 Hitachi High-Tech Control Systems Corp Method of continuing operation of boiler
JP2012185003A (en) * 2011-03-04 2012-09-27 Miura Co Ltd Impeller type flowmeter

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59148819A (en) * 1983-02-15 1984-08-25 Miura Co Ltd Abnormality detector for flow meter
JPH01138102U (en) * 1988-03-11 1989-09-21
JP2002005409A (en) * 2000-06-19 2002-01-09 Samson Co Ltd Feed water controller for boiler
JP2004205420A (en) * 2002-12-26 2004-07-22 Tokyo Gas Co Ltd Gas meter
JP2005321146A (en) * 2004-05-10 2005-11-17 Samson Co Ltd Boiler capable of determining abnormality in detecting water level
JP2009047119A (en) * 2007-08-22 2009-03-05 Samson Co Ltd Water supply equipment
JP2009068997A (en) * 2007-09-13 2009-04-02 Miura Co Ltd Flow sensor abnormality detection method and deaeration apparatus
JP2010271227A (en) * 2009-05-22 2010-12-02 Yazaki Corp Gas meter and abnormality determination method therefor
JP2011007428A (en) * 2009-06-26 2011-01-13 Hitachi High-Tech Control Systems Corp Method of continuing operation of boiler
JP2012185003A (en) * 2011-03-04 2012-09-27 Miura Co Ltd Impeller type flowmeter

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