JP2015089559A - Piston member and molding device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the heat of heated granular material from escaping out through a piston member and to suitably heat the central parts of the granular material in a reacting container as well, when heating the granular material in the reacting container by a heater provided on the periphery of a reacting container and applying pressure to this granular material in the reacting container by means of the piston member.SOLUTION: A granular material x heated in a reacting container 21 by a heater 22 provided on the periphery of the reacting container 21 is molded by applying pressure by the pressing part 12 of a piston member 10. In this case, the pressing part 12 of the piston member 10 is provided with a heat conductive member 121 on the side where the pressing part 12 is in contact with the granular material x. Additionally, a heat insulation material 122 is provided opposite the contact surface 121a of the heat conductive material 121, which is in contact with the granular material x.

Description

  The present invention relates to a piston member that pressurizes a granular raw material heated in a reaction vessel by a heating device provided on the outer periphery of the reaction vessel, and a molding apparatus using such a piston member. In particular, when the granular raw material is heated in the reaction vessel by the heating device provided on the outer periphery of the reaction vessel, and when this granular raw material is pressurized by the piston member, the heat of the heated granular raw material Is characterized in that the central portion of the granular raw material is appropriately heated in the reaction vessel.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, it has been practiced to produce bio-coke and the like by forming a raw material in a powder form such as biomass based on pressure and heating in a reaction vessel in a molding apparatus.

  And as such a shaping | molding apparatus, as shown by patent documents 1-3, biomass pulverized material is introduce | transduced in reaction container, and the biomass pulverized material thus introduced is pressurized and compressed with a piston member. At the same time, those formed by heating with a heating device provided on the outer periphery of the reaction vessel are widely used.

  Here, as said piston member, generally, the pressing part which contacts biomass pulverized material is comprised with the metal, and the rod part of the piston member is extended outside the reaction container heated with a heating apparatus. Therefore, when the biomass pulverized material introduced into the reaction vessel is pressurized by the pressing portion of the piston member and heated by the heating device provided on the outer periphery of the reaction vessel, the heated biomass pulverization There was a problem that the heat of the object escapes from the pressing part of the piston member to the outside through the rod part, and the portion of the pulverized biomass that comes into contact with the pressing part of the piston member is not heated appropriately.

  For this reason, conventionally, a heat insulating material having low thermal conductivity is provided on the surface of the piston member pressing portion that contacts the pulverized biomass, and the heat of the heated biomass pulverized material is externally transmitted from the pressing portion of the piston member through the rod portion. Preventing you from escaping is now done.

  However, when a heat insulating material with low thermal conductivity is provided on the surface of the pressing part that comes into contact with the pulverized biomass in this way, the heat from the heating device provided on the outer periphery of the reaction vessel is appropriately transferred to the central part of the pressing part. There was a problem that the center of the pulverized biomass was not sufficiently heated because it was not transmitted.

JP 2008-274112 A JP 2009-185183 A JP 2010-100808 A

  The present invention solves the above-described problem in the case where the granular raw material is heated in the reaction vessel by the heating device provided on the outer periphery of the reaction vessel, and the granular raw material is pressurized by the piston member. This is a problem.

  That is, in the present invention, the granular raw material is heated in the reaction vessel by the heating device provided on the outer periphery of the reaction vessel as described above, and the granular raw material is pressurized in the reaction vessel by the piston member. In this case, the heat of the heated granular raw material is prevented from escaping to the outside through the piston member, and the central portion of the granular raw material is appropriately heated in the reaction vessel. An object of the present invention is to uniformly heat the powdery raw material to the center at the contact portion with the piston member.

  In the piston member according to the present invention, in order to solve the above-described problems, in the piston member that pressurizes the powdery raw material heated in the reaction vessel by the heating device provided on the outer periphery of the reaction vessel, A heat conductive material was provided on the side of the pressing portion that presses the granular raw material in contact with the granular raw material, and a heat insulating material was provided on the side opposite to the contact surface of the thermal conductive material in contact with the granular raw material.

  Here, as with the piston member of the present invention, when a heat conductive material is provided on the side in contact with the powdery raw material in the pressing portion that pressurizes the powdery raw material, the heating device provided on the outer periphery of the reaction vessel This heat conduction material is led to the center of the powdery raw material in contact with the heat conduction material, and the center of the powdery raw material is appropriately heated in the reaction vessel.

  In addition, when a heat insulating material is provided on the side opposite to the contact surface in the heat conductive material that comes into contact with the powdery raw material, heat transfer in the piston rod direction of the heated heat conductive material is suppressed by this heat insulating material. It is suppressed that the heat of the heat conduction material made escapes to the outside through the piston member.

  As a result, the powdery raw material is uniformly heated to the center at the contact portion with the piston member.

  Further, in the piston member, when a chamfered portion is provided at a peripheral portion of the contact surface of the heat conductive material that contacts the powdery raw material, the inner surface of the reaction vessel and the pressing portion of the piston member In the case where a gap is provided between them, when pressing the powdery raw material by the pressing portion of the piston member, in the chamfered portion provided at the peripheral edge of the contact surface of the heat conducting material, The stress which pushes a raw material toward the inner surface of a reaction container generate | occur | produces, and it is suppressed that a granular raw material spills through the clearance gap between the inner surface of a reaction container and the side surface of a press part.

  Further, in the molding apparatus of the present invention, in the molding apparatus comprising a reaction vessel, a heating device provided on the outer peripheral side of the reaction vessel, and a piston member that pressurizes the powdery raw material in the reaction vessel, A piston member such as is used.

  Here, in the molding apparatus of the present invention, when a gap is provided between the inner surface of the reaction vessel and the pressing portion of the piston member, it contains gas such as air inside like a biomass pulverized product, or by heating. When using a granular raw material that generates gas, the gas generated from the granular raw material by heating and pressurizing or the gas such as air contained in the granular raw material The gas generated by pressing and compressing is appropriately discharged through the gap between the inner surface of the reaction vessel and the pressing portion of the piston member, and the pressing portion of the piston member contacts the inner surface of the reaction vessel. It is possible to suppress contact and wear or damage. In addition, when a gap is provided between the inner surface of the reaction vessel and the pressing portion of the piston member in this way, a cornering portion is provided at the peripheral portion of the contact surface of the heat conductive material that contacts the granular raw material as described above. When the provided piston member is used, it is possible to suppress the powdery raw material from spilling through the gap between the inner surface of the reaction vessel and the pressing portion.

  Further, in the molding apparatus of the present invention, when the granular raw material in the reaction vessel is pressurized from both sides by the pair of piston members, the granular raw material is heated and pressurized on both sides of the reaction vessel. In addition, the powdery raw material is appropriately heated up to the center by the heat conductive materials, and the heat of the powdery raw material is prevented from escaping to the outside through the piston member on both sides of the reaction vessel. It becomes like this. In particular, the molding apparatus of the present invention can be suitably used when the powdery raw material is a pulverized biomass as described above.

  In the present invention, in the pressing portion of the piston member that pressurizes the granular raw material as described above, a heat conductive material is provided on the side in contact with the granular raw material, and this heat conduction in contact with the granular raw material. A heat insulating material is provided on the side opposite to the contact surface of the material, and the powdery raw material is heated in the reaction vessel by a heating device provided on the outer periphery of the reaction vessel, and the powdery raw material is pressed by the pressing portion of the piston member. In the reaction vessel, the heat from the heating device provided on the outer periphery of the reaction vessel passes through the heat conduction material in the piston member to the center of the powdery raw material that comes into contact with the heat conduction material. In addition, the central part of the powdery raw material is also appropriately heated in the reaction vessel, the heat in the heat conductive material is insulated in the heat insulating material, and the heat in the reaction vessel is From escaping to the outside is to be suppressed through.

  As a result, in the present invention, the heat loss of the granular raw material heated in the reaction vessel is suppressed, and the entire granular raw material is appropriately heated in the reaction vessel.

It is the schematic explanatory drawing which showed the piston member which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The shaping | molding apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention is shown, and while the granular raw material in reaction container is heated with the heating apparatus provided in the outer periphery of reaction container, it pressurizes with a pair of piston member which concerns on the said embodiment It is a schematic cross-sectional explanatory drawing which showed the state to make it shape | mold. It is the schematic explanatory drawing which showed the example of a change of the piston member which concerns on the said embodiment. It is a schematic sectional explanatory drawing which showed the state which used the piston member which concerns on the said modification for the shaping | molding apparatus which concerns on the said embodiment. It is the schematic explanatory drawing which showed the piston member of the comparative example. The state of the end surface of the molded product molded using the piston member of the above embodiment and the piston member of the comparative example is shown, and (A) shows the state of the end surface of the molded product molded using the piston member of the embodiment. A photograph and (B) are photographs showing the state of the end face of a molded product formed using the piston member of the comparative example. In the molding apparatus according to the above embodiment, a modified example is shown in which the opened end surface of the reaction vessel is closed by one piston member, and (A) shows the diameter of the pressing portion in the piston member. The partial explanatory drawing which showed the state which made the diameter larger than the end surface which was opened, and obstruct | occluded the open end surface of the reaction container by this press part, (B) is the end surface by which the reaction container was opened by the press part in a piston member FIG. 6 is a partial explanatory view showing a state in which a ring-shaped projecting portion is provided along the surface, and the projecting portion is brought into contact with the end surface of the reaction vessel to close the open end surface of the reaction vessel.

  Hereinafter, a piston member and a molding apparatus according to embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The piston member and the molding apparatus according to the present invention are not limited to those shown in the following embodiments, and can be implemented with appropriate modifications within a range not changing the gist of the invention.

  In the piston member 10 in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a pressing portion 12 that pressurizes a powdery raw material x such as a pulverized biomass is provided at the tip of the rod portion 11. The thermal conductive material 121 made of a material having high thermal conductivity such as metal is provided on the side in contact with the 12 granular raw material x, and the contact surface 121a of the thermal conductive material 121 with the granular raw material x. On the opposite side, a heat insulating material 122 made of a highly heat insulating material such as ceramics is provided.

  Further, in the molding apparatus 20 for molding by heating and pressurizing the powdery raw material x such as the pulverized biomass using the piston member 10, as shown in FIG. 2, a reaction vessel 21 having a cylindrical shape is formed. Is provided with a heating device 22.

  And in this shaping | molding apparatus 20, while heating the granular raw material x with which this reaction container 21 was filled from the outer peripheral side of the reaction container 21 with the said heating apparatus 22, the said piston member 10 is made to react. It introduce | transduced in the reaction container 21 so that the press part 12 may each oppose from the upper side and the lower side of the container 21, and it moves so that between the press parts 12 in a pair of piston member 10 may approach in this reaction container 21. Thus, the granular raw material x filled in the reaction vessel 21 is pressed between the pressing portions 12 of the pair of piston members 10 to be molded.

  In this way, while heating the powdery raw material x filled in the reaction vessel 21 from the outer peripheral side of the reaction vessel 21, the granular powder filled in the reaction vessel 21 between the pressing portions 12 in the piston member 10. When the raw material x is pressurized, the side of the pressing portion 12 of each piston member 10 that is in contact with the powdery raw material x is composed of the heat conductive material 121, and thus is provided on the outer periphery of the reaction vessel 21. The heat from the heating device 22 is guided to the center of the powdery raw material x in contact with each heat conductive material 121 through the heat conductive material 121 in each piston member 10, and the powdery granular material charged in the reaction vessel 21 is filled. On both sides of the raw material x, the granular raw material x in the reaction vessel 21 is appropriately heated to the center thereof.

  Moreover, in each said piston member 10, since the heat insulating material 122 is provided in the opposite side to the contact surface 121a of the heat conductive material 121 which contacts the granular raw material x, the heat | fever of the heated heat conductive material 121 is carried out. Heat transfer to the heat insulating material 122 is suppressed, and heat of the heat conducting material 121 heated in contact with the granular raw material x is suppressed from escaping to the outside through the piston members 10 on both sides of the reaction vessel 21. Become so.

  Further, in this embodiment, a gap is provided between the inner surface of the reaction vessel 21 and the pressing portion 12 of the piston member 10, and a gas such as air is contained inside like a biomass pulverized product, or gas is generated by heating. When a granular raw material x that generates gas is used, a gas such as air generated from the granular raw material x by heating and pressurization or air contained in the granular raw material x Is discharged through the gap between the inner surface of the reaction vessel 21 and the pressing portion 12 of the piston member 10, and as described above, When the piston member 10 is moved, the pressing portion 12 of the piston member 10 is prevented from being worn or damaged due to contact with the inner surface of the reaction vessel 21. Here, the clearance gap between the inner surface of the reaction container 21 and the press part 12 in the piston member 10 can be about 1 mm.

  In addition, when the clearance gap is provided between the inner surface of the reaction vessel 21 and the pressing portion 12 of the piston member 10 in this way, the peripheral portion of the contact surface 121a of the heat conductive material 121 that comes into contact with the granular raw material x is If it is perpendicular, when the granular raw material x is pressed by the pressing portion 12 of the piston member 10, a shearing force is applied to the granular raw material x at the peripheral portion of the contact surface 121a that is perpendicular to the shearing force. There is a possibility that the powdery raw material x thus formed enters the gap between the inner surface of the reaction vessel 21 and the side surface of the pressing portion 12 of the piston member 10.

  In such a case, as the piston member 10, as shown in FIG. 3, a chamfered portion 121 b is provided at the peripheral portion of the contact surface 121 a of the heat conducting material 121 that contacts the granular raw material x. It is preferable to use one. The chamfered portion 121b may be linear or arcuate.

  Further, in the piston member 10 shown in FIG. 3, the diameter of the heat insulating material 122 and the like on the side opposite to the contact surface 121 a of the heat conducting material 121 is made smaller than the diameter of the heat conducting material 121.

  Thus, if the diameter of the heat insulating material 122 etc. on the opposite side to the contact surface 121a of the heat conducting material 121 is made smaller than the diameter of the heat conducting material 121, the piston member 10 is moved in the reaction vessel 21 as described above. In this case, it is further suppressed that the heat insulating material 122 comes into contact with the inner surface of the reaction vessel 21, and when the diameter of the heat insulating material 122 is reduced, the amount of expensive materials such as ceramics constituting the heat insulating material 122 is reduced, The cost of the piston member 10 can also be reduced.

  And as shown in FIG. 4, the piston member 10 in which the chamfered part 121b was provided in the peripheral part of the contact surface 121a of the heat conductive material 121 is used for the said shaping | molding apparatus 20, and the press in this pair of piston member 10 is used. When the powdery raw material x filled in the reaction vessel 21 is pressed between the parts 12 and molded, the powdery raw material x at the peripheral edge of the contact surface 121a of the heat conducting material 121 is The chamfered portion 121 b is pressed toward the inner surface of the reaction vessel 21, and the powdery raw material x is prevented from spilling through the gap between the inner surface of the reaction vessel 21 and the pressing portion 12.

  Next, in the molding apparatus 20, as described above, the heat conductive material 121 made of a material having high thermal conductivity such as metal is provided on the side of the pressing portion 12 that contacts the powdery raw material x, The piston member 10 of the above embodiment in which the heat insulating material 122 made of a material having high heat insulating properties such as ceramics is provided on the opposite side to the contact surface 121a with the powdery raw material x in the heat conducting material 121, As shown in FIG. 5, by using the piston member 10 a of the comparative example in which only the heat insulating material 122 is provided without providing the heat conductive material 121 on the side in contact with the powdery raw material x, FIG. 6A is a photograph showing the state of the end face of a molded product that is molded by pressurization and molded using the piston member 10 of the above embodiment, and a piston member of a comparative example in which the heat conductive material 121 is not provided. Molded product molded using 10a The photograph showing the state of the end face shown in FIG. 6 (B).

  As a result, the end surface of the molded product molded using the piston member 10a not provided with the heat conducting material 121 was only discolored by reacting only with the outer peripheral portion thereof, but the piston member of the embodiment It can be seen that the end surface of the molded product formed using No. 10 is uniformly discolored by reacting with the entire surface, and is uniformly heated to the center of the molded product.

  Further, in the molding apparatus 20 of this embodiment, when the powdery raw material x is heated and pressurized in the reaction vessel 21, the pressing portions 12 of the pair of piston members 10 are moved in the reaction vessel 21. As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the open end surface of the reaction vessel 21 can be closed by one piston member 10. In this case, as the piston member 10 that closes the opened end surface of the reaction vessel 21, for example, as shown in FIG. 7A, the diameter of the pressing portion 12 provided at the tip of the rod portion 11 of the piston member 10 is reacted. The diameter of the open end face of the container 21 is made larger so that the open end face of the reaction container 21 is closed by the pressing portion 12, or as shown in FIG. The pressing portion 12 provided at the tip of the rod portion 11 is provided with a ring-shaped protruding portion 123 along the opened end surface of the reaction vessel 21, and this protruding portion 123 is brought into contact with the end surface of the reaction vessel 21, thereby A material in which the opened end face is closed can be used.

  Further, in the molding apparatus 20 of this embodiment, the piston member 10 shown in the above embodiment is used for the reaction vessel 21 in which the heating device 22 is provided on the outer peripheral side. However, the piston member 10 is used. The forming apparatus 20 to be used is not limited to this. For example, although not shown, it can also be used for a molding apparatus in which a cooling device is provided on the outer peripheral side of the reaction vessel.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Piston member 11 Rod part 12 Press part 121 Thermal conductive material, 121a Contact surface, 121b Chamfer part 122 Thermal insulation material 123 Protrusion part 20 Molding apparatus 21 Reaction container 22 Heating apparatus x Powdery raw material

Claims (6)

  In the piston member that pressurizes the granular raw material heated in the reaction vessel by the heating device provided on the outer periphery of the reaction vessel, on the side in contact with the granular raw material in the pressing portion that pressurizes the granular raw material A piston member characterized in that a heat conductive material is provided and a heat insulating material is provided on the opposite side of the contact surface of the heat conductive material that comes into contact with the powdery raw material.   The piston member according to claim 1, wherein a chamfered portion is provided at a peripheral portion of a contact surface in the heat conducting material.   Claim 1 or Claim: In the molding apparatus comprising a reaction vessel, a heating device provided on the outer peripheral side of the reaction vessel, and a piston member that pressurizes the powdery raw material in the reaction vessel, the piston member is claimed in claim 1 or claim 2. 2. A molding apparatus using the piston member according to 2.   4. The molding apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a gap is provided between the inner surface of the reaction vessel and the pressing portion of the piston member.   5. The molding apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the granular raw material in the reaction vessel is pressurized from both sides by the pair of piston members. The molding apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the powdery raw material is a pulverized biomass.