JP2015084677A - Feeding content prediction method for cow, feed selection method for cow, and method for controlling quality of raw milk - Google Patents

Feeding content prediction method for cow, feed selection method for cow, and method for controlling quality of raw milk Download PDF

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JP2015084677A
JP2015084677A JP2013224038A JP2013224038A JP2015084677A JP 2015084677 A JP2015084677 A JP 2015084677A JP 2013224038 A JP2013224038 A JP 2013224038A JP 2013224038 A JP2013224038 A JP 2013224038A JP 2015084677 A JP2015084677 A JP 2015084677A
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朋弘 三谷
Tomohiro Mitani
朋弘 三谷
孝治 大山
Koji Oyama
孝治 大山
瑞恵 斎藤
Mizue Saito
瑞恵 斎藤
明寛 三室
Akihiro Mimuro
明寛 三室
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Meiji Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a feeding content prediction method for a cow that has produced raw milk, a feed selection method for a cow for acquiring a prescribed quality of raw milk using the prediction method, and a method for controlling raw milk to a prescribed quality using the feed selection method.SOLUTION: An appropriate combination of the processes (a) to (e) is used: (a) a process for performing one kind or more than one kind of a sensory test, a physicochemical test, and a flavor component test for raw milk whose feeding content is known; (b) a process for acquiring a correlation on one kind or more than one kind of a correlation between the feeding content and the result of the sensory test, the correlation between the feeding content and the result of the physicochemical test, and a correlation between the feeding content and the result of the flavor component test; (c) a process for predicting the feeding content of a prescribed quality of raw milk from the correlation determined in (b); (d) a process for selecting feed for cows from the feeding content predicted in (c); and (e) a process for growing cows with the feed selected in (d) and acquiring the prescribed quality of raw milk.

Description

本発明は、乳牛の飼養内容の予測方法、乳牛の飼料の選定方法、生乳の品質の制御方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for predicting dairy cow feeding content, a method for selecting dairy cow feed, and a method for controlling the quality of raw milk.

生乳の品質は、飼料、乳牛(産次、系統)、気候、飼育環境など、様々な飼養管理の要因の影響を受けて変動する。生乳の風味や理化学特性の品質は、一般に飼料内容の影響度合いが最も大きい。飼料は粗飼料と濃厚飼料に大きく分けられる。このうち、粗飼料とは、放牧草、グラスサイレージ、乾草、コーンサイレージなどが該当する。酪農現場では、各地域の気候や土壌に適した粗飼料を自給しており、例えば、北海道根釧地方では、放牧草、グラスサイレージが、北海道十勝地方では、コーンサイレージがその典型例である。その他の都府県では、自給飼料の割合は少なく、輸入乾草が粗飼料の主体である。
酪農家は、一般に、生乳生産量からの収入額を高めるために、高い成分率(脂肪率、SNF率(無脂乳固形分率))や高乳量を目指している。その達成のため、各地域で入手可能な自給飼料、濃厚飼料などについて、飼料の栄養面、コスト面などを考慮しながら、飼料配合内容について各酪農家で工夫している。したがって、各酪農家で生産される生乳の品質(風味、理化学特性)は一定ではなく、ある程度の変動がある。そのため、乳業工場で製造される乳製品のうち、製造加工の度合いが低いために生乳の品質が直接的に寄与する割合の高い乳製品、例えば牛乳、クリーム、バターなどは、その風味や理化学特性について、地域や季節により差異が生じる。この差異は、均一な品質の製品を製造する時には問題となり得る。
The quality of raw milk fluctuates under the influence of various feeding management factors such as feed, dairy cattle (production, strain), climate, and breeding environment. The quality of raw milk flavor and physicochemical properties is generally most affected by feed content. Feed is roughly divided into roughage and concentrated feed. Among these, roughage includes grazing grass, grass silage, hay, corn silage, and the like. In the dairy field, forage is suitable for the climate and soil of each region. For example, grazing grass and grass silage are typical examples in Hokkaido Neiso region, and corn silage is typical in Hokkaido Tokachi region. In other prefectures, the ratio of self-contained feed is small, and imported hay is mainly used for roughage.
Dairy farmers generally aim for high component ratios (fat ratio, SNF ratio (non-fat milk solid content ratio)) and high milk yield in order to increase the income from raw milk production. In order to achieve this, each dairy farmer has devised the content of the feed for the self-contained feed and concentrated feed available in each region, considering the nutritional and cost aspects of the feed. Therefore, the quality (flavor, physicochemical properties) of raw milk produced by each dairy farm is not constant and varies to some extent. Therefore, among dairy products manufactured at dairy factories, dairy products whose raw milk quality contributes directly due to low level of manufacturing processing, such as milk, cream, butter, etc., have their flavor and physicochemical properties. There are differences depending on the region and season. This difference can be a problem when producing products of uniform quality.

これまでに、上記の問題を解決するべく、生乳の品質を制御する様々な方法が検討されている。例えば、特開平07−107919号(特許文献1)では、緑茶の熱水抽出物からなる乳質改善のための組成物が記載されている。特開2010−162035号(特許文献2)では、乳牛の遺伝子検査結果に基づいて、所望の脂肪酸組成の生乳を得る方法が記載されている。   So far, various methods for controlling the quality of raw milk have been studied in order to solve the above problems. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-107919 (Patent Document 1) describes a composition for improving milk quality comprising a hot water extract of green tea. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-162035 (Patent Document 2) describes a method of obtaining raw milk having a desired fatty acid composition based on genetic test results of dairy cows.

特開平07−107919号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 07-107919 特開2010−162035号公報JP 2010-162035 A

本発明では、生乳を産出した乳牛の飼養内容を予測する方法を提供することを課題とする。更に、その方法を用いて、所定の品質の生乳を得るための、乳牛の飼料を選定する方法を提供することを課題とする。更に、その方法を用いて、生乳を所定の品質に制御する方法を提供することを課題とする。   This invention makes it a subject to provide the method of estimating the feeding content of the dairy cow which produced raw milk. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for selecting dairy cow feed for obtaining raw milk of a predetermined quality using the method. Furthermore, it is an object to provide a method for controlling raw milk to a predetermined quality using the method.

上記の課題を解決するために、本発明者らは、生乳の品質の制御の研究や検討の過程で、生乳を産出した乳牛の飼養内容の違いが、生乳の官能検査結果、理化学検査結果、香気成分検査結果と関係性があることを見出した。そこで、飼養内容が既知の生乳について、官能検査、理化学検査、香気成分検査を実施し、それらの結果について、統計学的に解析して相関関係を求めることで、生乳を産出した乳牛の飼養内容を予測する方法を見出した。更に、その方法を用いて、所定の品質の生乳を得るための、乳牛の飼料の選定方法を見出した。更に、その方法を用いて、生乳を所定の品質に制御する方法を見出して、本発明を完成させた。   In order to solve the above problems, the present inventors, in the process of research and examination of the quality control of raw milk, the difference in the feeding content of dairy cows that produced raw milk, the sensory test results of raw milk, physicochemical test results, It was found that there is a relationship with the results of the odor component test. Therefore, the raw contents of dairy cows that produced raw milk by conducting sensory tests, physicochemical tests, and aroma component tests on raw milk with known feed contents, and statistically analyzing the results to obtain correlations I found a way to predict. Furthermore, the method of selecting the feed of dairy cows for obtaining raw milk of a predetermined quality using the method was found. Furthermore, the present invention was completed by finding a method for controlling raw milk to a predetermined quality using the method.

すなわち、本発明は、以下の〔1〕〜〔5〕に関するものである。
〔1〕下記の(a)〜(c)の工程からなることを特徴とする、乳牛の飼養内容の予測方法。
(a)飼養内容が既知の生乳について、官能検査、理化学検査、香気成分検査のうちの1種又は2種以上を実施する工程。
(b)飼養内容と官能検査の結果の相関関係、飼養内容と理化学検査の結果の相関関係、飼養内容と香気成分検査の結果の相関関係のうちの1種又は2種以上についての相関関係を求める工程。
(c)上記(b)で決定された相関関係から、所定の品質の生乳の飼養内容を予測する工程。
〔2〕下記の(a)〜(d)の工程からなることを特徴とする、乳牛の飼料の選定方法。
(a)飼養内容が既知の生乳について、官能検査、理化学検査、香気成分検査のうちの1種又は2種以上を実施する工程。
(b)飼養内容と官能検査の結果の相関関係、飼養内容と理化学検査の結果の相関関係、飼養内容と香気成分検査の結果の相関関係のうちの1種又は2種以上についての相関関係を求める工程。
(c)上記(b)で決定された相関関係から、所定の品質の生乳の飼養内容を予測する工程。
(d)上記(c)で予測された飼養内容から、乳牛の飼料を選定する工程。
〔3〕下記の(a)〜(e)の工程からなることを特徴とする、生乳の品質の制御方法。
(a)飼養内容が既知の生乳について、官能検査、理化学検査、香気成分検査のうちの1種又は2種以上を実施する工程。
(b)飼養内容と官能検査の結果の相関関係、飼養内容と理化学検査の結果の相関関係、飼養内容と香気成分検査の結果の相関関係のうちの1種又は2種以上についての相関関係を求める工程。
(c)上記(b)で決定された相関関係から、所定の品質の生乳の飼養内容を予測する工程。
(d)上記(c)で予測された飼養内容から、乳牛の飼料を選定する工程。
(e)上記(d)で選定された飼料で乳牛を成育させ、所定の品質の生乳を得る工程。
〔4〕多変量解析法によって、相関関係を決定することを特徴とする、前記〔1〕から〔3〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
〔5〕放牧草、高水分グラスサイレージ、乾草及び/又は低水分グラスサイレージ、コーンサイレージ、穀実類及び/又は配合飼料、ビートパルプ、その他の飼料、として、飼養内容を分類することを特徴とする、前記〔1〕から〔4〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
That is, the present invention relates to the following [1] to [5].
[1] A method for predicting the content of dairy cows, comprising the following steps (a) to (c).
(A) A step of performing one or more of sensory inspection, physical and chemical inspection, and aroma component inspection on raw milk whose feeding contents are known.
(B) Correlation between one or more of the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the sensory test, the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the physical and chemical test, and the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the aroma component test The process to seek.
(C) A step of predicting the content of raw milk of a predetermined quality from the correlation determined in (b) above.
[2] A method for selecting dairy cattle feed, comprising the following steps (a) to (d):
(A) A step of performing one or more of sensory inspection, physical and chemical inspection, and aroma component inspection on raw milk whose feeding contents are known.
(B) Correlation between one or more of the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the sensory test, the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the physical and chemical test, and the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the aroma component test The process to seek.
(C) A step of predicting the content of raw milk of a predetermined quality from the correlation determined in (b) above.
(D) A step of selecting dairy cattle feed from the breeding content predicted in (c) above.
[3] A method for controlling the quality of raw milk, comprising the following steps (a) to (e).
(A) A step of performing one or more of sensory inspection, physical and chemical inspection, and aroma component inspection on raw milk whose feeding contents are known.
(B) Correlation between one or more of the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the sensory test, the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the physical and chemical test, and the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the aroma component test The process to seek.
(C) A step of predicting the content of raw milk of a predetermined quality from the correlation determined in (b) above.
(D) A step of selecting dairy cattle feed from the breeding content predicted in (c) above.
(E) A step of growing a dairy cow with the feed selected in (d) above to obtain raw milk of a predetermined quality.
[4] The method according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the correlation is determined by a multivariate analysis method.
[5] It is characterized by classifying the feeding contents as grazing grass, high moisture grass silage, hay and / or low moisture grass silage, corn silage, cereal seeds and / or mixed feed, beet pulp, and other feed. The method according to any one of [1] to [4].

生乳の品質は、各酪農家の飼料(飼養内容)に大きく影響されるが、各酪農家は、各季節や各地域等で入手可能な飼料を用いざるを得ない面がある。そのため、生乳の品質は、各酪農家が使用する飼料(飼養内容)によって変化する。これに対して、本発明によれば、生乳に関する各種の検査の結果(分析結果、解析結果)から飼養内容を精度良く予測することができ、所定の品質の生乳を得るための、乳牛の飼料を的確に選定でき、生乳を所定の品質に制御することができる。   The quality of raw milk is greatly influenced by the feed (content of feeding) of each dairy farmer, but each dairy farmer has to use the feed that is available in each season or region. Therefore, the quality of raw milk varies depending on the feed (feeding content) used by each dairy farmer. On the other hand, according to the present invention, the content of feeding can be accurately predicted from the results (analysis results, analysis results) of various tests relating to raw milk, and dairy cow feed for obtaining raw milk of a predetermined quality Can be selected accurately, and raw milk can be controlled to a predetermined quality.

実施例1の脂肪酸組成の測定で、測定対象とした脂肪酸の一覧である。It is the list | wrist of the fatty acid made into the measuring object by the measurement of the fatty acid composition of Example 1. FIG. 実施例1の香気成分の測定で、測定対象とした香気成分の一覧である。DHSと記載した成分はDHS-GC/MS法で、SBSEと記載した成分はSBSE-GC/MS法で測定した。It is a list | wrist of the fragrance component made into the measurement object by measurement of the fragrance component of Example 1. FIG. The component described as DHS was measured by the DHS-GC / MS method, and the component described as SBSE was measured by the SBSE-GC / MS method. 実施例2の生乳119試料の飼料内容について、主成分分析を実施し、得られた主成分数個を基に、生乳の産地(根釧地方、十勝地方)別にクラスタ分析を行い、合計9個の飼料クラスタに分類したそれぞれの飼料内容の解析結果を示すグラフである。縦軸は、各飼料内容の構成比率を示している。横軸は、各飼料クラスタを示しており、「G」は根釧地方の生乳、「U」は十勝地方の生乳を示している。Principal component analysis was performed on the feed content of the 119 samples of raw milk of Example 2, and a cluster analysis was performed for each raw milk production area (Neiso region, Tokachi region) based on the obtained several principal components, for a total of 9 It is a graph which shows the analysis result of each feed content classified into the feed cluster. The vertical axis shows the composition ratio of each feed content. The horizontal axis indicates each feed cluster, “G” indicates raw milk in the Nemuro region, and “U” indicates raw milk in the Tokachi region. 実施例3における、主成分分析結果のプロット図である。官能検査で用いた評価用語6用語の主成分マップを左に、飼料クラスタ9個の主成分マップを右に示している。FIG. 10 is a plot diagram of the principal component analysis results in Example 3. A principal component map of six evaluation terms used in the sensory test is shown on the left, and a principal component map of nine feed clusters is shown on the right. 実施例4における、主成分分析結果のプロット図である。実施例2の飼料の主成分分析及びクラスタ分析において、有意差が認められた理化学検査の11項目の主成分マップを左に、飼料クラスタ9個の主成分マップを右に示している。マップ中、「C4-C14」は、C4:0、C6:0、C8:0、C10:0、C12:0、C14:0の合計値を用いて解析した結果を示している。FIG. 10 is a plot diagram of a principal component analysis result in Example 4. In the principal component analysis and cluster analysis of the feed of Example 2, the principal component map of 11 items of the physical and chemical inspection in which a significant difference was recognized is shown on the left, and the principal component map of nine feed clusters is shown on the right. In the map, “C4-C14” indicates the result of analysis using the total value of C4: 0, C6: 0, C8: 0, C10: 0, C12: 0, and C14: 0. 実施例5における、主成分分析結果のプロット図である。実施例2の飼料の主成分分析及びクラスタ分析において、有意差が認められた香気成分検査の12項目の主成分マップを左に、飼料クラスタ9個の主成分マップを右に示している。FIG. 10 is a plot diagram of principal component analysis results in Example 5. In the principal component analysis and cluster analysis of the feed of Example 2, the 12 principal component maps of the aroma component test in which a significant difference was recognized are shown on the left, and the principal component map of 9 feed clusters is shown on the right.

本発明の乳牛の飼養内容の予測方法は、
(a)飼養内容が既知の生乳について、官能検査、理化学検査、香気成分検査のうちの1種又は2種以上を実施し、
(b)飼養内容と官能検査の結果の相関関係、飼養内容と理化学検査の結果の相関関係、飼養内容と香気成分検査の結果の相関関係のうちの1種又は2種以上についての相関関係を求め、
(c)上記(b)で決定された相関関係から、所定の品質の生乳の飼養内容を予測する、
ことを特徴とする。ここで、「飼養内容」とは、実際に乳牛を飼養している方法を示すものであり、具体的には、乳牛の飼養形態や、用いる飼料構成等が含まれる。例えば、用いる飼料の内容に着目し、「飼養内容」を「放牧草」「高水分グラスサイレージ」「乾草及び/又は低水分グラスサイレージ」「コーンサイレージ」「穀実類及び/又は配合飼料」「ビートパルプ」「その他の飼料」の7種類に分類することが可能であり、本発明ではこの分類を好ましく用いることができる。ここで、「放牧草」とは、例えば人工草地や野草地に放牧された家畜が直接採食する生草を指している。「高水分グラスサイレージ」とは、例えばイネ科牧草主体草をサイロに詰め込み、嫌気発酵させて貯蔵したサイレージを指している。「乾草及び/又は低水分グラスサイレージ」とは、例えば青刈りした牧草を日光と風を利用して乾燥させ、一般的に水分を12〜20%程度としたものを指している。「コーンサイレージ」とは、例えばデントコーン種などの飼料用トウモロコシを収穫し、サイロに詰め込み、嫌気発酵させて貯蔵したホールクロップサイレージを指している。「配合飼料」とは、例えば穀実類、油粕類、ぬか類、製造粕類等で調製され、繊維が少なく、でんぷんやタンパク質などの栄養濃度が高い飼料を指している。「ビートパルプ」とは、例えばテンサイ(砂糖大根)からの砂糖の製造工程において、細切して温水で糖分を抽出した残渣からなる飼料を指している。なお、本発明でいう「飼料内容」は、前記の分類例に特に限定されず、この分類以外の分類法や、異なる表現により「飼養内容」を示すことも可能である。「飼養内容」を知るためには、例えば生乳の生産者である酪農家に、飼養形態、飼料の種類、調製方法、給与量、給与方法等について、アンケート調査や聞き取り調査を実施すれば良い。
The method for predicting the breeding content of dairy cows of the present invention,
(A) For raw milk whose feeding content is known, conduct one or more of sensory testing, physicochemical testing, and aroma component testing,
(B) Correlation between one or more of the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the sensory test, the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the physical and chemical test, and the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the aroma component test Seeking
(C) Predicting the content of raw milk of a predetermined quality from the correlation determined in (b) above,
It is characterized by that. Here, the “feeding content” indicates a method of actually feeding a cow, and specifically includes a breeding form of the cow, a feed structure to be used, and the like. For example, paying attention to the content of the feed used, the “feeding content” is changed to “grazing grass”, “high moisture grass silage”, “hay and / or low moisture grass silage”, “corn silage”, “cereal seeds and / or mixed feed”, “ It is possible to classify into 7 types of “beat pulp” and “other feed”, and this classification can be preferably used in the present invention. Here, the “grazing grass” refers to, for example, raw grass directly grazed by livestock grazed on artificial grassland or wild grassland. “High-moisture glass silage” refers to silage in which grasses based on grasses are packed in silos and subjected to anaerobic fermentation and stored. “Dried hay and / or low moisture grass silage” refers to, for example, dried grass that has been trimmed using sunlight and wind to generally have a moisture content of about 12 to 20%. “Corn silage” refers to whole crop silage that is harvested from corn for feed such as dent corn, packed in a silo, and stored after anaerobic fermentation. “Formulated feed” refers to a feed that is prepared with, for example, cereals, oil cakes, bran, and produced potatoes, and has a low fiber content and high nutrient concentration such as starch and protein. “Beat pulp” refers to a feed comprising a residue obtained by chopping sugar and extracting sugar with warm water in a sugar production process from sugar beet (sugar radish), for example. The “feed content” as used in the present invention is not particularly limited to the above-described classification example, and “feeding content” can be indicated by a classification method other than this classification or a different expression. In order to know the “feeding content”, for example, a dairy farmer who is a producer of raw milk may conduct a questionnaire survey or interview survey regarding feeding mode, type of feed, preparation method, salary amount, salary method, and the like.

本発明の乳牛の飼養内容の予測方法において実施する官能検査は、生乳を評価するにあたり、適切と考えられる評価用語を用いた評価方法であれば、特に限定されない。例えば、評価用語として、「乳の香り」「異臭」「雑味」「草の香り」「スッキリ感」「濃厚感」「後味のべたつき」等が挙げられ、評価方法としては、各評価用語につき、その程度の強弱を7段階で評価する方法が挙げられる。評価者は、特別の訓練を受けた評価者が好ましいが、特に限定はされない。   The sensory test performed in the method for predicting the breeding content of dairy cows of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is an evaluation method using evaluation terms that are considered appropriate in evaluating raw milk. For example, evaluation terms include “milk fragrance”, “unpleasant odor”, “miscellaneous taste”, “grass fragrance”, “freshness”, “richness”, “stickiness of aftertaste”, etc. And a method of evaluating the degree of strength in seven stages. The evaluator is preferably an evaluator who has received special training, but is not particularly limited.

本発明の乳牛の飼養内容の予測方法において実施する理化学検査は、生乳を評価するにあたり、適切と考えられる評価項目を測定するものであれば、特に限定されない。例えば、評価項目として、脂肪、タンパク質、乳糖、無脂乳固形分、全固形分、尿素態窒素、体細胞数、氷点、レチノール、ルテイン、β−カロテン、ビタミンE、脂肪酸組成、脂肪球粒径、味覚バランス、色調等が挙げられる。脂肪、タンパク質、乳糖、無脂乳固形分、全固形分、尿素態窒素、体細胞、氷点は、例えば、乳成分分析機器「ミルコスキャン」(フォス社製)等を用いて測定することができる。レチノール、ルテイン、β−カロテン、ビタミンEは、例えば、HPLC法等により測定することができる。脂肪酸組成は、例えば、水素炎イオン検出器(FID)を備えたGC法(GC-FID)等により測定することができる。脂肪球粒径は、例えば、粒度分布計(ベックマン・コールター社製)等により測定することができる。味覚バランスは、例えば、味覚センサー(インテリジェントセンサーテクノロジー社製)等を用いて測定することができる。色調は、例えば分光測色計(コニカミノルタ社製)等を用いて測定することができる。   The physicochemical test performed in the method for predicting the content of dairy cow feeding according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it evaluates evaluation items that are considered appropriate in evaluating raw milk. For example, as evaluation items, fat, protein, lactose, non-fat milk solids, total solids, urea nitrogen, somatic cell count, freezing point, retinol, lutein, β-carotene, vitamin E, fatty acid composition, fat globule particle size , Taste balance, color tone, and the like. Fat, protein, lactose, non-fat milk solids, total solids, urea nitrogen, somatic cells, and freezing point can be measured using, for example, a milk component analyzer “Mircoscan” (manufactured by Foss). . Retinol, lutein, β-carotene, and vitamin E can be measured by, for example, an HPLC method. The fatty acid composition can be measured, for example, by a GC method (GC-FID) equipped with a flame ion detector (FID). The fat globule particle size can be measured by, for example, a particle size distribution meter (manufactured by Beckman Coulter). The taste balance can be measured using, for example, a taste sensor (manufactured by Intelligent Sensor Technology). The color tone can be measured using, for example, a spectrocolorimeter (manufactured by Konica Minolta).

本発明の乳牛の飼養内容の予測方法において実施する香気成分検査は、生乳を評価するにあたり、適切と考えられる測定対象成分を測定するものであれば、特に限定されない。例えば、測定対象成分として、1-Pentanol、Pentanal、Dimethyl disulfide、Acetone、Hexanal、2-Nonanone、Acetophenone、1-Octanol、Dodecanoic acid、γ-Dodecalactone、Linoleic acid、(Z)-Dairy lactone等が挙げられる。これらの香気成分は、例えば、DHS(ダイナミックヘッドスペース)-GC/MS法やSBSE(撹拌子吸着抽出)-GC/MS法等により測定することができる。   The aromatic component test performed in the method for predicting the breeding content of dairy cows of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it measures a measurement target component that is considered appropriate in evaluating raw milk. Examples of the measurement target component include 1-Pentanol, Pentanal, Dimethyl disulfide, Acetone, Hexanal, 2-Nonanone, Acetophenone, 1-Octanol, Dodecanoic acid, γ-Dodecalactone, Linoleic acid, (Z) -Dairy lactone, and the like. . These aroma components can be measured by, for example, DHS (dynamic headspace) -GC / MS method, SBSE (stirrer adsorption extraction) -GC / MS method, or the like.

本発明の乳牛の飼養内容の予測方法では、飼養内容と官能検査の結果の相関関係、飼養内容と理化学検査の結果の相関関係、飼養内容と香気成分検査の結果の相関関係のうちの、1種又は2種以上についての相関関係を求める。この相関関係は、特に限定するものではないが、例えば、多変量解析法により求めることができる。多変量解析とは、複数の変数(変量)の従属関係や依存関係を解析する統計的手法である。本発明においては、多変量解析法として、特に限定するものではないが、例えば主成分分析及び/又はクラスタ分析を、好ましく用いることができる。主成分分析とは、多変数のデータについて、情報損失を最小化しながら、新しい少数の変数データに変換集約する方法である。クラスタ分析とは、データ構造の類似度から算出されるデータ間の距離に基づいて、距離の遠近度からデータを分類し、グループ化する方法である。主成分分析、クラスタ分析共に、当業者には周知の統計学的手法である。   In the method for predicting the content of dairy cow feeding according to the present invention, among the correlation between the feeding content and the result of the sensory test, the correlation between the feeding content and the result of the physical and chemical test, the correlation between the feeding content and the result of the aroma component test, 1 Find correlations for species or more than one species. This correlation is not particularly limited, but can be determined by, for example, a multivariate analysis method. Multivariate analysis is a statistical technique for analyzing the dependency and dependency of a plurality of variables (variables). In the present invention, the multivariate analysis method is not particularly limited. For example, principal component analysis and / or cluster analysis can be preferably used. Principal component analysis is a method of converting and aggregating multi-variable data into a new small number of variable data while minimizing information loss. Cluster analysis is a method of classifying and grouping data based on the distance perspective based on the distance between data calculated from the similarity of data structures. Both principal component analysis and cluster analysis are statistical methods well known to those skilled in the art.

本発明の乳牛の飼養内容の予測方法では、前記で得られた相関関係から、所定の品質の生乳の飼養内容を予測することができる。例えば、試料生乳の飼料内容の主成分分析結果及び/又はクラスタ分析結果と、試料生乳の官能検査結果の主成分分析結果をマッピングして相関関係を把握することで、試料生乳の官能検査結果から、当該試料生乳の飼料内容を精度良く予測することができる。同様に、試料生乳の飼料内容の主成分分析結果及び/又はクラスタ分析結果と、試料生乳の理化学検査結果の主成分分析結果をマッピングして相関関係を把握することで、試料生乳の理化学検査結果から、当該試料生乳の飼料内容を精度良く予測することができ、試料生乳の飼料内容の主成分分析結果及び/又はクラスタ分析結果と、試料生乳の香気成分検査結果の主成分分析結果をマッピングして相関関係を把握することで、試料生乳の香気成分検査結果から、当該試料生乳の飼料内容を精度良く予測することができる。また、これらの予測を2種以上組み合わせることで、更に精度良く、当該試料生乳の飼料内容を予測することができる。すなわち、試料生乳の官能検査結果と理化学検査結果の両方を用いて飼料内容を予測することもでき、試料生乳の官能検査結果と香気成分検査結果の両方を用いて飼料内容を予測することもでき、試料生乳の理化学検査結果と香気成分検査結果の両方を用いて飼料内容を予測することもでき、これらの場合は、予測の精度が高まるので、好ましい実施態様である。更に、試料生乳の官能検査結果、理化学検査結果、香気成分検査結果の3種を用いて飼料内容を予測することもできる。この場合は、更に予測の精度が高まるので、より好ましい実施態様である。   In the method for predicting the content of dairy cow feeding according to the present invention, the content of feeding raw milk of a predetermined quality can be predicted from the correlation obtained above. For example, by mapping the principal component analysis result and / or cluster analysis result of the feed content of the sample raw milk and the principal component analysis result of the sensory test result of the sample raw milk, to grasp the correlation, from the sensory test result of the sample raw milk The feed content of the raw sample milk can be accurately predicted. Similarly, the results of physicochemical examination of sample raw milk are ascertained by mapping the principal component analysis results and / or cluster analysis results of feed contents of sample raw milk and the principal component analysis results of physicochemical examination results of sample raw milk. Therefore, the feed content of the sample raw milk can be accurately predicted, and the principal component analysis result and / or cluster analysis result of the feed content of the sample raw milk and the principal component analysis result of the aroma component test result of the sample raw milk are mapped. By grasping the correlation, the feed content of the sample raw milk can be accurately predicted from the aroma component test result of the sample raw milk. Moreover, the feed content of the sample raw milk can be predicted with higher accuracy by combining two or more of these predictions. That is, the feed content can be predicted using both the sensory test result and the physicochemical test result of the sample raw milk, and the feed content can be predicted using both the sensory test result and the aroma component test result of the sample raw milk. The feed contents can also be predicted using both the physicochemical test results and the aroma component test results of the raw sample milk, and in these cases, the accuracy of the prediction is increased, which is a preferred embodiment. Furthermore, the feed content can also be predicted using the three types of sensory test results, physical and chemical test results, and aroma component test results of raw sample milk. In this case, since the accuracy of prediction further increases, this is a more preferable embodiment.

本発明の乳牛の飼養内容の予測方法を用いて、所定の品質の生乳を得るために、乳牛の飼料を選定する方法が提供される。この乳牛の飼料の選定方法も、本発明に含まれる。本発明の乳牛の飼料の選定方法は、具体的には、本発明の乳牛の飼養内容の予測方法で予測された飼養内容にそって、飼料を選定すれば良い。   In order to obtain raw milk of a predetermined quality using the method for predicting the breeding content of dairy cows of the present invention, a method for selecting dairy cow feed is provided. This method of selecting a dairy cattle feed is also included in the present invention. Specifically, the feed selection method for the dairy cow of the present invention may be selected in accordance with the feeding content predicted by the method for predicting the feeding content of the dairy cow of the present invention.

本発明の乳牛の飼料の選定方法を用いて、生乳の品質の制御方法が提供される。この生乳の品質の制御方法も、本発明に含まれる。本発明の生乳の品質の制御方法は、具体的には、本発明の乳牛の飼料の選定方法で選定された飼料で乳牛を飼養すれば良い。   A method for controlling the quality of raw milk is provided using the method for selecting a feed for dairy cows of the present invention. This method of controlling the quality of raw milk is also included in the present invention. Specifically, the raw milk quality control method of the present invention may be such that the dairy cow is fed with the feed selected by the method for selecting the feed for dairy cows of the present invention.

以下、実施例に基づいて、本発明をより具体的に説明する。なお、この試験例の結果は、本発明を限定するものではない。   Hereinafter, based on an Example, this invention is demonstrated more concretely. In addition, the result of this test example does not limit this invention.

[実施例1]調査及び検査の実施
飼養内容と生乳の品質(風味、理化学特性)との関係を明らかにするため、北海道の根釧および十勝地方の酪農家60戸を対象に、夏季(2012年8月)および冬季(2013年2月)の2回にわたり、飼養管理内容調査、生乳の官能検査、理化学検査、香味成分検査を実施した。
[Example 1] Implementation of survey and inspection In order to clarify the relationship between the contents of feeding and the quality (flavor, physicochemical properties) of raw milk, the summer (2012 August) and twice in winter (February 2013), we conducted a breeding management survey, a sensory test on raw milk, a physical and chemical test, and a flavor component test.

検査内容を、以下に示した。
(1)調査数:合計119試料の生乳
根釧地方:60試料
十勝地方:59試料
(2)飼養管理内容調査:アンケート用紙による調査
調査項目:生乳生産量、飼養形態、飼料の種類、調製方法、給与量、給与方法、鉱塩・添加剤の種類など。
(3)官能検査
評価用語:6項目(乳の香り、異臭・雑味、草の香り、スッキリ感、濃厚感、後味のべたつき)
評価方法:7段階方式評価
評価者 :訓練を受けた生乳パネル 5名
(4)理化学検査
・ミルコスキャンFT120(フォス社製)による乳成分(乳脂肪濃度、無脂乳固形分濃度、乳タンパク質濃度、乳糖濃度、全固形分濃度、尿素態窒素濃度、体細胞数、氷点)の測定。
・HPLC(日立ハイテクノロジーズ社製)法によるレチノール、ルテイン、β−カロテン、ビタミンEの測定。
・レーザー回折散乱粒度分布測定装置LS230(ベックマン・コールター社製)による脂肪球粒径(粒径平均径、中位径、最頻径)の測定。
・脂肪酸メチルエステル化法(水酸化カリウム-メタノール法)を用いたGC-FID(島津製作所社製)法による脂肪酸組成の測定。測定対象の脂肪酸は図1に示した。
(5)香気成分検査
・DHS(ダイナミックヘッドスペース)-GC/MS法及びSBSE(撹拌子吸着抽出)-GC/MS法による香気成分の測定。自動抽出装置はゲステル社製の装置を、GC/MSはアジレント・テクノロジー社製の装置を用いた。測定対象の香気成分は図2に示した。
上記検査の結果から解析を実施した結果を、以下に示した。
The inspection contents are shown below.
(1) Number of surveys: Total 119 samples of raw milk root region: 60 samples Tokachi region: 59 samples (2) Feeding content survey: Survey using questionnaire paper Survey items: Raw milk production, feeding form, feed type, preparation method , Salary, salary method, type of mineral salt and additives.
(3) Sensory test evaluation terms: 6 items (milk aroma, off-flavor / miscellaneous taste, grass aroma, refreshing feeling, rich feeling, sticky aftertaste)
Evaluation method: 7-step evaluation Evaluator: Trained raw milk panel 5 (4) Milk components (milk fat concentration, non-fat milk solids concentration, milk protein concentration) by physical and chemical inspection and Mircoscan FT120 (manufactured by Foss) , Lactose concentration, total solids concentration, urea nitrogen concentration, somatic cell count, freezing point).
・ Measurement of retinol, lutein, β-carotene and vitamin E by HPLC (manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation).
・ Measurement of fat sphere particle size (particle size average diameter, median diameter, mode diameter) with a laser diffraction scattering particle size distribution analyzer LS230 (manufactured by Beckman Coulter).
・ Measurement of fatty acid composition by GC-FID (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) method using fatty acid methyl esterification method (potassium hydroxide-methanol method). The fatty acids to be measured are shown in FIG.
(5) Aroma component inspection / DHS (dynamic headspace) -GC / MS method and SBSE (stirrer adsorption extraction) -GC / MS method for aroma component measurement. As the automatic extraction apparatus, an apparatus made by Gestell was used, and for GC / MS, an apparatus made by Agilent Technologies was used. The aroma components to be measured are shown in FIG.
The results of analysis from the above inspection results are shown below.

[実施例2]飼養内容の解析
アンケート用紙による調査の結果から、各生乳試料の飼養内容を、「放牧草」「高水分グラスサイレージ」「乾草及び/又は低水分グラスサイレージ」「コーンサイレージ」「穀実類及び/又は配合飼料」「ビートパルプ」「その他の飼料」の7分類に分類した。その7分類の構成比率(%)を使用して主成分分析を行い、得られた主成分数個を基に、生乳の産地(根釧地方、十勝地方)別にクラスタ分析を行い、合計9個の飼料クラスタに分類した。図3に、飼料内容の解析結果を示した。表1に、飼料クラスタ毎の生乳試料数の内訳を示した。図3、表1共に、「G」で根釧地方の生乳、「U」で十勝地方の生乳を示した。
[Example 2] Analysis of breeding content Based on the results of the questionnaire survey, the breeding content of each raw milk sample was determined as “grazing grass”, “high moisture grass silage”, “hay and / or low moisture grass silage”, “corn silage”, “ It was classified into 7 categories: “cereal seeds and / or mixed feed”, “beet pulp” and “other feed”. Principal component analysis was performed using the composition ratios (%) of the seven classifications, and a cluster analysis was performed for each raw milk production area (Negyo region, Tokachi region) based on the obtained several principal components, for a total of nine. Classified into feed clusters. FIG. 3 shows the analysis results of the feed content. Table 1 shows a breakdown of the number of raw milk samples for each feed cluster. In both FIG. 3 and Table 1, “G” indicates raw milk in the Neiso region, and “U” indicates raw milk in the Tokachi region.

Figure 2015084677
Figure 2015084677

[実施例3]官能検査結果の解析、及び乳牛の飼養内容の予測例
官能検査で用いた評価用語6項目について、それぞれの評価点のパネル平均値を使用して、主成分分析を実施した。評価用語6項目及び飼料クラスタ9個について、主成分マップにプロットした。図4左に評価用語の主成分マップを、図4右に飼料クラスタの主成分マップを示した。主成分マップは、プロットの原点からの向きが同じであれば、傾向も同じであると解釈できるので、例えば、図4左では、「スッキリ感」が原点から左方向(X軸のマイナス側の方向)のエリアにプロットされ、図4右では、「U−A」及び「U−B」が原点から左方向(すなわち、図4左の「スッキリ感」と同じ方向)にプロットされているので、「スッキリ感」を有する生乳を産出する乳牛の飼養内容は、「U−A」及び「U−B」の内容に近いものであると予測できた。
[Example 3] Analysis of sensory test results and prediction example of breeding content of dairy cows Principal component analysis was carried out using the panel average value of each evaluation point for the six evaluation terms used in the sensory test. Six evaluation terms and nine feed clusters were plotted on the principal component map. The principal component map of evaluation terms is shown on the left of FIG. 4, and the principal component map of the feed cluster is shown on the right of FIG. Since the principal component map can be interpreted as having the same tendency if the orientation from the origin of the plot is the same, for example, in the left side of FIG. 4, “refreshing” is leftward from the origin (on the negative side of the X axis). In the right side of FIG. 4, “UA” and “UB” are plotted in the left direction from the origin (that is, the same direction as the “feeling of refreshing” in the left side of FIG. 4). The breeding content of dairy cows that produce raw milk with a “clean feeling” could be predicted to be close to the contents of “UA” and “UB”.

[実施例4]理化学検査結果の解析、及び乳牛の飼養内容の予測例
実施例2の飼料の主成分分析及びクラスタ分析において、有意差が認められた理化学検査の11項目を使用して、主成分分析を実施した。理化学検査の11項目及び飼料クラスタ9個について、主成分マップにプロットした。図5左に使用した理化学検査項目の主成分マップを、図5右に飼料クラスタの主成分マップを示した。主成分マップは、プロットの原点からの向きが同じであれば、傾向も同じであると解釈できるので、例えば、図5左では、「β−カロテン」が原点から右上方向(X軸、Y軸共にプラス側の方向)のエリアにプロットされ、図5右では、「G−A」が原点から右上方向(すなわち、図5左の「β−カロテン」と同じ方向)にプロットされているので、「β−カロテン」の濃度が高い生乳を産出する乳牛の飼養内容は、「G−A」の内容に近いものであると予測できた。
[Example 4] Analysis of physics and chemistry test results and prediction of dairy cow feeding contents In the principal component analysis and cluster analysis of the feed of Example 2, using 11 items of physics and chemistry tests that showed significant differences, Component analysis was performed. Eleven items of physical examination and nine feed clusters were plotted on the principal component map. The principal component map of the physical and chemical inspection items used on the left of FIG. 5 is shown, and the principal component map of the feed cluster is shown on the right of FIG. Since the principal component map can be interpreted as having the same tendency if the directions from the origin of the plot are the same, for example, in the left side of FIG. 5, “β-carotene” is in the upper right direction from the origin (X axis, Y axis). Both are plotted in the area on the plus side), and in the right side of FIG. 5, “GA” is plotted in the upper right direction from the origin (that is, the same direction as “β-carotene” on the left side of FIG. 5). The breeding content of dairy cows producing raw milk with a high concentration of “β-carotene” could be predicted to be close to the content of “GA”.

[実施例5]香気成分検査結果の解析、及び乳牛の飼養内容の予測例
実施例2の飼料の主成分分析及びクラスタ分析において、有意差が認められた香気成分検査の12項目を使用して、主成分分析を実施した。香気成分検査の12項目及び飼料クラスタ9個について、主成分マップにプロットした。図6左に使用した香気成分検査項目の主成分マップを、図6右に飼料クラスタの主成分マップを示した。主成分マップは、プロットの原点からの向きが同じであれば、傾向も同じであると解釈できるので、例えば、図6左では、「(Z)-Dairy lactone」が原点から左方向(X軸のマイナス側の方向)のエリアにプロットされ、図6右では、「U−A」や「U−B」が原点から左方向(すなわち、図6左の「(Z)-Dairy lactone」と同じ方向)にプロットされているので、「(Z)-Dairy lactone」の濃度が高い生乳を産出する乳牛の飼養内容は、「U−A」や「U−B」の内容に近いものであると予測できた。
[Example 5] Analysis of aroma component test results and prediction example of feeding contents of dairy cows In the main component analysis and cluster analysis of the feed of Example 2, 12 items of aroma component test in which significant differences were recognized were used. A principal component analysis was performed. Twelve items of the aroma component test and 9 feed clusters were plotted on the principal component map. The main component map of the aroma component test item used on the left side of FIG. 6 is shown, and the main component map of the feed cluster is shown on the right side of FIG. Since the principal component map can be interpreted as having the same tendency if the orientation from the origin of the plot is the same, for example, “(Z) -Dairy lactone” in the left direction of FIG. In the right side of FIG. 6, “UA” and “UB” are the left direction from the origin (that is, “(Z) -Dairy lactone” on the left side of FIG. 6). Direction), the content of dairy cows that produce raw milk with a high concentration of “(Z) -Dairy lactone” is close to the content of “UA” and “UB”. I was able to predict.

本発明によれば、生乳を産出した乳牛の飼養内容を予測することができる。更に、その方法を用いて、所定の品質の生乳を得るための、乳牛の飼料を選定することができる。更に、その方法を用いて、生乳を所定の品質に制御することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to predict the breeding content of a dairy cow that produced raw milk. Furthermore, the method can be used to select dairy cow feed for obtaining raw milk of a predetermined quality. In addition, the method can be used to control raw milk to a predetermined quality.

本発明の乳牛の飼養内容の予測方法は、
(a)飼養内容が既知の生乳について、官能検査、理化学検査、香気成分検査のうちの1種又は2種以上を実施し、
(b)飼養内容と官能検査の結果の相関関係、飼養内容と理化学検査の結果の相関関係、飼養内容と香気成分検査の結果の相関関係のうちの1種又は2種以上についての相関関係を求め、
(c)上記(b)で決定された相関関係から、所定の品質の生乳の飼養内容を予測する、
ことを特徴とする。ここで、「飼養内容」とは、実際に乳牛を飼養している方法を示すものであり、具体的には、乳牛の飼養形態や、用いる飼料構成等が含まれる。例えば、用いる飼料の内容に着目し、「飼養内容」を「放牧草」「グラスサイレージ」「乾草」「コーンサイレージ」「穀実類及び/又は配合飼料」「ビートパルプ」「その他の飼料」の7種類に分類することが可能であり、本発明ではこの分類を好ましく用いることができる。ここで、「放牧草」とは、例えば人工草地や野草地に放牧された家畜が直接採食する生草を指している。「グラスサイレージ」とは、例えばイネ科牧草主体草をサイロに詰め込み、嫌気発酵させて貯蔵したサイレージを指しており、その調製方法により水分量は変動する。「乾草」とは、例えば青刈りした牧草を日光と風を利用して乾燥させ、一般的に水分を12〜20%程度としたものを指している。「コーンサイレージ」とは、例えばデントコーン種などの飼料用トウモロコシを収穫し、サイロに詰め込み、嫌気発酵させて貯蔵したホールクロップサイレージを指している。「配合飼料」とは、例えば穀実類、油粕類、ぬか類、製造粕類等で調製され、繊維が少なく、でんぷんやタンパク質などの栄養濃度が高い飼料を指している。「ビートパルプ」とは、例えばテンサイ(砂糖大根)からの砂糖の製造工程において、細切して温水で糖分を抽出した残渣からなる飼料を指している。なお、本発明でいう「飼料内容」は、前記の分類例に特に限定されず、この分類以外の分類法や、異なる表現により「飼養内容」を示すことも可能である。「飼養内容」を知るためには、例えば生乳の生産者である酪農家に、飼養形態、飼料の種類、調製方法、給与量、給与方法等について、アンケート調査や聞き取り調査を実施すれば良い。

The method for predicting the breeding content of dairy cows of the present invention,
(A) For raw milk whose feeding content is known, conduct one or more of sensory testing, physicochemical testing, and aroma component testing,
(B) Correlation between one or more of the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the sensory test, the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the physical and chemical test, and the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the aroma component test Seeking
(C) Predicting the content of raw milk of a predetermined quality from the correlation determined in (b) above,
It is characterized by that. Here, the “feeding content” indicates a method of actually feeding a cow, and specifically includes a breeding form of the cow, a feed structure to be used, and the like. For example, paying attention to the content of the feed used, "feeding content" a "herbage""Silages""drygrass""Cornsilage""Kokumi acids and / or mixed feed""beetpulp""Otherfeed" In the present invention, this classification can be preferably used. Here, the “grazing grass” refers to, for example, raw grass directly grazed by livestock grazed on artificial grassland or wild grassland. “Grass silage” refers to silage that is stored, for example, by grazing grass-based grass in a silo and subjected to anaerobic fermentation, and the amount of water varies depending on the preparation method. "Dry grass" is, for example, the blue mowing the grass is dried by using a sunlight and wind, it is generally moisture refers to the things that were about 12 to 20 percent. “Corn silage” refers to whole crop silage that is harvested from corn for feed such as dent corn, packed in a silo, and stored after anaerobic fermentation. “Formulated feed” refers to a feed that is prepared with, for example, cereals, oil cakes, bran, and produced potatoes, and has a low fiber content and high nutrient concentration such as starch and protein. “Beat pulp” refers to a feed comprising a residue obtained by chopping sugar and extracting sugar with warm water in a sugar production process from sugar beet (sugar radish), for example. The “feed content” as used in the present invention is not particularly limited to the above-described classification example, and “feeding content” can be indicated by a classification method other than this classification or a different expression. In order to know the “feeding content”, for example, a dairy farmer who is a producer of raw milk may conduct a questionnaire survey or interview survey regarding feeding mode, type of feed, preparation method, salary amount, salary method, and the like.

Claims (5)

下記の(a)〜(c)の工程からなることを特徴とする、乳牛の飼養内容の予測方法。
(a)飼養内容が既知の生乳について、官能検査、理化学検査、香気成分検査のうちの1種又は2種以上を実施する工程。
(b)飼養内容と官能検査の結果の相関関係、飼養内容と理化学検査の結果の相関関係、飼養内容と香気成分検査の結果の相関関係のうちの1種又は2種以上についての相関関係を求める工程。
(c)上記(b)で決定された相関関係から、所定の品質の生乳の飼養内容を予測する工程。
A method for predicting the breeding content of a dairy cow, comprising the following steps (a) to (c).
(A) A step of performing one or more of sensory inspection, physical and chemical inspection, and aroma component inspection on raw milk whose feeding contents are known.
(B) Correlation between one or more of the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the sensory test, the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the physical and chemical test, and the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the aroma component test The process to seek.
(C) A step of predicting the content of raw milk of a predetermined quality from the correlation determined in (b) above.
下記の(a)〜(d)の工程からなることを特徴とする、乳牛の飼料の選定方法。
(a)飼養内容が既知の生乳について、官能検査、理化学検査、香気成分検査のうちの1種又は2種以上を実施する工程。
(b)飼養内容と官能検査の結果の相関関係、飼養内容と理化学検査の結果の相関関係、飼養内容と香気成分検査の結果の相関関係のうちの1種又は2種以上についての相関関係を求める工程。
(c)上記(b)で決定された相関関係から、所定の品質の生乳の飼養内容を予測する工程。
(d)上記(c)で予測された飼養内容から、乳牛の飼料を選定する工程。
A method for selecting a feed for dairy cows, comprising the following steps (a) to (d).
(A) A step of performing one or more of sensory inspection, physical and chemical inspection, and aroma component inspection on raw milk whose feeding contents are known.
(B) Correlation between one or more of the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the sensory test, the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the physical and chemical test, and the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the aroma component test The process to seek.
(C) A step of predicting the content of raw milk of a predetermined quality from the correlation determined in (b) above.
(D) A step of selecting dairy cattle feed from the breeding content predicted in (c) above.
下記の(a)〜(e)の工程からなることを特徴とする、生乳の品質の制御方法。
(a)飼養内容が既知の生乳について、官能検査、理化学検査、香気成分検査のうちの1種又は2種以上を実施する工程。
(b)飼養内容と官能検査の結果の相関関係、飼養内容と理化学検査の結果の相関関係、飼養内容と香気成分検査の結果の相関関係のうちの1種又は2種以上についての相関関係を求める工程。
(c)上記(b)で決定された相関関係から、所定の品質の生乳の飼養内容を予測する工程。
(d)上記(c)で予測された飼養内容から、乳牛の飼料を選定する工程。
(e)上記(d)で選定された飼料で乳牛を成育させ、所定の品質の生乳を得る工程。
A method for controlling the quality of raw milk, comprising the following steps (a) to (e):
(A) A step of performing one or more of sensory inspection, physical and chemical inspection, and aroma component inspection on raw milk whose feeding contents are known.
(B) Correlation between one or more of the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the sensory test, the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the physical and chemical test, and the correlation between the contents of the feeding and the result of the aroma component test The process to seek.
(C) A step of predicting the content of raw milk of a predetermined quality from the correlation determined in (b) above.
(D) A step of selecting dairy cattle feed from the breeding content predicted in (c) above.
(E) A step of growing a dairy cow with the feed selected in (d) above to obtain raw milk of a predetermined quality.
多変量解析法によって、相関関係を決定することを特徴とする、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。   The method according to claim 1, wherein the correlation is determined by a multivariate analysis method. 放牧草、高水分グラスサイレージ、乾草及び/又は低水分グラスサイレージ、コーンサイレージ、穀実類及び/又は配合飼料、ビートパルプ、その他の飼料、として、飼養内容を分類することを特徴とする、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。   Categorized as grazing grass, high moisture grass silage, hay and / or low moisture grass silage, corn silage, cereal and / or mixed feed, beet pulp, other feed, characterized in that Item 5. The method according to any one of Items 1 to 4.
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