JP2015084325A - Light-emitting device, illumination device, and electronic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a light-emitting device which includes a light-emitting element and a power storage device capable of supplying electric energy to the light-emitting element, and which can emit light by a simple operation without disposing a new operational unit.SOLUTION: The light-emitting device includes a flexible substrate, a light-emitting element having a light-emitting layer interposed between a pair of electrodes on the substrate, and a power storage device electrically connected to the light-emitting element. One electrode of the light-emitting element is electrically connected to a first terminal, while the other electrode of the light-emitting element is electrically connected to a second terminal. The power storage device has a positive electrode and a negative electrode, in which the negative electrode is electrically connected to the second terminal, while the positive electrode is electrically connected to a third terminal. When the substrate is in a spread state, the first terminal is separated from the third terminal; and when the substrate is in a curved or bent state, the first terminal is adjoining to the third terminal.

Description

  The present invention relates to an object, a method, or a manufacturing method. Alternatively, the present invention relates to a process, machine, manufacture, or composition (composition of matter). One embodiment of the present invention relates to a semiconductor device, a light-emitting device, an electronic device, a lighting device, a manufacturing method thereof, or a driving method thereof. In particular, one embodiment of the present invention relates to a light-emitting device, a lighting device, an electronic device, and a driving method thereof using an organic electroluminescence (hereinafter also referred to as EL) phenomenon.

  Research and development of light-emitting elements using organic EL (also referred to as organic EL elements) have been actively conducted. The basic structure of the organic EL element is such that a layer containing a light-emitting organic compound (also referred to as an EL layer) is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes. By applying voltage to this element, light emission from the light-emitting organic compound can be obtained.

  Since the organic EL element can be formed in a film shape, a large-area element can be easily formed, and the utility value as a surface light source applicable to illumination or the like is high.

  For example, as a lighting device using an organic EL element, a lighting device in which a plurality of planar light emitting modules having organic EL elements are arranged is disclosed (see Patent Document 1). In addition, as a light-emitting device using an organic EL element, a light-emitting device having a structure in which an electroluminescent light-emitting laminated body is provided on an inner surface of a curved substrate is disclosed (see Patent Document 2). Moreover, the structure which uses an organic EL element for a membrane switch is disclosed (refer patent document 3).

  As reported in Patent Documents 1 to 3 described above, development of various apparatuses using organic EL elements is progressing.

JP 2009-130132 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-203764 JP 2000-049553 A

  Usually, light emitting devices, lighting devices, and the like are operated by operating predetermined switches, buttons, and the like. However, when illumination is necessary, the scene is mainly in darkness, and it is difficult to operate lighting switches and buttons in such darkness. For example, when carrying a light emitting device, a lighting device, etc. for the purpose of crime prevention, it is difficult to instantly find a switch, a button, or the like.

  In view of the above problems, one embodiment of the present invention includes a light-emitting element and a power storage device that can supply electric energy to the light-emitting element, and can emit light with a simple operation without providing a new operation portion. One object is to provide a device.

  Another object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a novel light-emitting device. Another object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a light-emitting device with high reliability. Another object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a light-emitting device with low power consumption. Another object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a light-emitting device in which a shadow is hardly generated. Another object of one embodiment of the present invention is to reduce the size and weight of a light-emitting device.

  Note that one embodiment of the present invention does not have to solve all of these problems.

  One embodiment of the present invention includes a flexible substrate, a light-emitting element in which a light-emitting layer is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes over the substrate, and a power storage device electrically connected to the light-emitting element. One electrode of the light-emitting element is electrically connected to the first terminal, the other electrode of the light-emitting element is electrically connected to the second terminal, and the power storage device includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode The negative electrode is electrically connected to the second terminal, the positive electrode is electrically connected to the third terminal, and the first terminal is separated from the third terminal in a state where the base is deployed. The first terminal is adjacent to the third terminal in a state where the substrate is curved or bent.

  According to another embodiment of the present invention, a flexible base material, a light-emitting element in which a light-emitting layer is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes on the base material, and a power storage device electrically connected to the light-emitting element And one electrode of the light emitting element is electrically connected to the first terminal, the other electrode of the light emitting element is electrically connected to the second terminal, and the power storage device includes a positive electrode and In the state where the negative electrode is electrically connected to the third terminal, the positive electrode is electrically connected to the second terminal, and the base material is developed, the first terminal is The light emitting device is characterized in that the first terminal is adjacent to the third terminal in a state where the first terminal is separated from the terminal and the base material is curved or bent.

  Another embodiment of the present invention is a housing, a flexible base disposed outside the housing, and a light-emitting element in which a light-emitting layer is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes on the base. A power storage device electrically connected to the light emitting element and disposed inside the housing, wherein one electrode of the light emitting element is electrically connected to the first terminal and the other of the light emitting element The electrode is electrically connected to the second terminal, the power storage device has a positive electrode and a negative electrode, the negative electrode is electrically connected to the second terminal, and the positive electrode is electrically connected to the third terminal. The first terminal is separated from the third terminal in the connected state where the base is deployed, and the first terminal is adjacent to the third terminal in the state where the base is curved or bent. The light emitting device is characterized in that.

  Another embodiment of the present invention is a housing, a flexible base disposed outside the housing, and a light-emitting element in which a light-emitting layer is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes on the base. A power storage device electrically connected to the light emitting element and disposed inside the housing, wherein one electrode of the light emitting element is electrically connected to the first terminal and the other of the light emitting element The electrode is electrically connected to the second terminal, the power storage device has a positive electrode and a negative electrode, the negative electrode is electrically connected to the third terminal, and the positive electrode is electrically connected to the second terminal. The first terminal is separated from the third terminal in the connected state where the base is deployed, and the first terminal is adjacent to the third terminal in the state where the base is curved or bent. A light-emitting device.

  In each of the above configurations, it is preferable that the first terminal and the third terminal are connected when the side surface of the base material is pressed and deformed in a state where the first terminal and the third terminal are adjacent to each other. .

  In each of the above structures, the light emitting layer preferably contains an organic material. In each of the above structures, the power storage device preferably has flexibility.

  An electronic device and a lighting device each including the light-emitting device having any of the above structures are also one embodiment of the present invention.

  According to one embodiment of the present invention, a light-emitting device including a light-emitting element and a power storage device that can supply electric energy to the light-emitting element and capable of emitting light with a simple operation without providing a new operation portion is provided. Can do.

  Note that the description of these effects does not disturb the existence of other effects. Note that one embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily have all of these effects. It should be noted that the effects other than these are naturally obvious from the description of the specification, drawings, claims, etc., and it is possible to extract the other effects from the descriptions of the specification, drawings, claims, etc. It is.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a light-emitting device. 4A and 4B are a top view and cross-sectional views illustrating a light-emitting device. FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a light-emitting device. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a light-emitting device. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a light-emitting device. 3A and 3B illustrate a light-emitting element. FIG. 6 illustrates a power storage device. 3A and 3B illustrate a lighting device and an electronic device using a light-emitting device.

  Embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the following description, and it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that modes and details can be variously changed without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the description of the embodiments below. Note that in structures of the invention described below, the same portions or portions having similar functions are denoted by the same reference numerals in different drawings, and description thereof is not repeated.

  The light-emitting element described in this specification and the like includes all structures of a top emission structure (top emission structure), a bottom emission structure (bottom emission structure), and a dual emission structure (dual emission structure).

  The light emitting device described in this specification and the like includes an image display device and a light source. In addition, a module in which a connector such as an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit) or TAB (Tape Automated Bonding) tape or TCP (Tape Carrier Package) is attached to a panel, a module having a printed wiring board at the end of TCP, or a light emitting element A module in which an IC (integrated circuit) is directly mounted by a COG (Chip On Glass) method may include a light emitting device.

(Embodiment 1)
In this embodiment, the structure of the light-emitting device of one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  A block diagram of a light-emitting device of one embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in FIG. A light-emitting device 100 illustrated in FIG. 1 includes a base material 102 having flexibility, a light-emitting element 104 in which a light-emitting layer is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes on the base material 102 having flexibility, The one electrode of the light-emitting element 104 is electrically connected to the first terminal 106, and the other electrode of the light-emitting element 104 is connected to the second terminal 108. The power storage device 110 is electrically connected and has a positive electrode and a negative electrode. The negative electrode is electrically connected to the second terminal 108, and the positive electrode is electrically connected to the third terminal 112.

  Note that although FIG. 1 illustrates the structure in which the negative electrode of the power storage device 110 is electrically connected to the second terminal 108 and the positive electrode is electrically connected to the third terminal 112, the invention is not limited thereto. For example, the negative electrode of the power storage device 110 may be electrically connected to the third terminal 112 and the positive electrode may be electrically connected to the second terminal 108. In other words, either the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the power storage device 110 may be electrically connected to the second terminal 108, and the other of the positive electrode or the negative electrode may be electrically connected to the third terminal 112.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a state in which a base material 102 having flexibility is developed. In the block diagram shown in FIG. 1, black circles represent the electrical connection relationship of each component.

  Since the light-emitting device 100 includes the light-emitting element 104, the first terminal 106, the second terminal 108, and the third terminal 112 on the flexible base material 102, the shape thereof can be freely deformed. Can do. For example, in a state where the flexible base material 102 is developed, the first terminal 106 is separated from the third terminal 112, but the white circle α1 and the white circle α2 shown in FIG. 1 are adjacent to each other. In addition, the first terminal 106 is adjacent to the third terminal 112 by setting the flexible base material 102 in a curved or bent state.

  In addition, when the side surface of the flexible base material 102 is pressed and deformed in a state where the first terminal 106 and the third terminal 112 are adjacent to each other, the first terminal 106 and the third terminal 112 are Connected. Note that the state in which the first terminal 106 and the third terminal 112 are connected when the side surface of the flexible base material 102 is pressed and deformed is represented by an arrow in the block diagram of FIG. Yes.

  Here, the light-emitting device of one embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to FIGS.

  2A is a top view of a state in which the light-emitting device 100 of one embodiment of the present invention is developed, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed-dotted line X-Y in FIG. It corresponds to a cross-sectional view. 2C corresponds to a cross-sectional view of the light-emitting device 150 in which the light-emitting device 100 of one embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIGS. 2A and 2B is combined with a housing 114. FIG.

  A light-emitting device 100 illustrated in FIGS. 2A and 2B includes a base material 102 having flexibility and a light-emitting element 104 in which a light-emitting layer is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes on the base material 102 having flexibility. And a power storage device 110 electrically connected to the light-emitting element 104, one electrode of the light-emitting element 104 is electrically connected to the first terminal 106, and the other electrode of the light-emitting element 104 is The power storage device 110 includes a positive electrode 163 and a negative electrode 166. The negative electrode 166 is electrically connected to the second terminal 108, and the positive electrode 163 is connected to the third terminal 108. It is electrically connected to the terminal 112.

  2A illustrates the structure in which the negative electrode 166 of the power storage device 110 is electrically connected to the second terminal 108 and the positive electrode 163 is electrically connected to the third terminal 112. It is not limited to this. For example, the negative electrode 166 of the power storage device 110 may be electrically connected to the third terminal 112 and the positive electrode 163 may be electrically connected to the second terminal 108.

  2A and 2B, a wiring 121 is used as a connection between one electrode of the light-emitting element 104 and the first terminal 106. In addition, a wiring 122 is used for connection between the other electrode of the light-emitting element 104 and the second terminal 108. In FIG. 2A, a wiring 168 is used as a connection between the positive electrode 163 of the power storage device 110 and the third terminal 112. The wiring 169 is used for connection between the negative electrode 166 of the power storage device 110 and the second terminal 108.

  In the light-emitting device 100 of one embodiment of the present invention, the light-emitting element 104, the first terminal 106, the second terminal 108, and the third terminal 112 are formed over a flexible base material 102. Therefore, the shape of the light-emitting device 100 can be changed by changing the shape of the base material 102 having flexibility. Here, the first terminal 106 and the third terminal 112 can be provided adjacent to each other by curving the flexible base material 102. Note that there is no particular limitation on the direction in which the flexible base material 102 is bent. For example, the practitioner can be appropriately bent in an optimal direction such as inward bending or outward bending.

  For example, as illustrated in FIG. 2C, the first terminal 106 and the third terminal 112 are adjacent to each other by winding the flexible base material 102 around the housing 114. Can do. In addition, the power storage device 110 can be disposed inside the housing 114.

  In other words, the light-emitting device 150 of one embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIG. 2C includes a housing 114, a flexible base material 102 disposed outside the housing 114, and the base material 102. A light-emitting element 104 in which a light-emitting layer is sandwiched between the pair of electrodes, and a power storage device 110 that is electrically connected to the light-emitting element 104 and disposed inside the housing 114. The other electrode of the light-emitting element 104 is electrically connected to the second terminal 108, and the power storage device 110 includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode. Is electrically connected to the second terminal 108, and the positive electrode is electrically connected to a third terminal 112 provided adjacent to the first terminal 106.

  Note that although the electrical connection method between the light-emitting element 104 and the power storage device 110 is not explicitly illustrated in FIG. 2C, the connection method illustrated in FIG.

  As described above, in the state in which the flexible base material 102 is developed as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the first terminal 106 is separated from the third terminal 112, and FIG. In the state where the flexible base material 102 is curved or bent as shown in FIG. 2C, the first terminal 106 is adjacent to the third terminal 112.

  Note that the housing 114 is not necessarily provided, and the base material 102 having flexibility may be directly wound around the power storage device 110.

  In the light-emitting device 150 illustrated in FIG. 2C, when the side surface of the flexible base material 102 is pressed and deformed in a state where the first terminal 106 and the third terminal 112 are adjacent to each other. The first terminal 106 and the third terminal 112 are connected. Note that in FIG. 2C, the direction in which the side surface of the flexible base material 102 is pressed and deformed is indicated by an arrow. When the first terminal 106 and the third terminal 112 are connected, electric energy is supplied from the power storage device 110 to the light-emitting element 104, and light emission can be obtained from the light-emitting element 104.

  For example, when the user grips, holds, or holds the surface or side surface of the light-emitting element 104 on the flexible base material 102, the side surface of the flexible base material 102 is pressed and deformed. . When the base member 102 is pressed and deformed, the first terminal 106 and the third terminal 112 are connected, and the light emitting element 104 emits light. As described above, the light-emitting device of one embodiment of the present invention can provide a light-emitting device that can emit light with a simple operation without providing a new operation portion.

  Here, another structure of the light-emitting device of one embodiment of the present invention is described below.

<Base material having flexibility>
Examples of materials that can be used for the base material 102 having flexibility include, for example, flexible glass, polyester resin such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), poly Examples include acrylonitrile resin, polyimide resin, polymethyl methacrylate resin, polycarbonate (PC) resin, polyethersulfone (PES) resin, polyamide resin, cycloolefin resin, polystyrene resin, polyamideimide resin, and polyvinyl chloride resin. In particular, it is preferable to use a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion. For example, polyamideimide resin, polyimide resin, PET, or the like can be suitably used. Further, a substrate in which glass fiber is impregnated with an organic resin, or a substrate in which an inorganic filler is mixed with an organic resin to reduce the thermal expansion coefficient can be used. Since a substrate using such a material is light in weight, a light-emitting device using the substrate can also be reduced in weight.

<Light emitting element>
As the light-emitting element 104, a light-emitting layer is sandwiched between at least a pair of electrodes. As the light-emitting element 104, a so-called organic EL in which an organic compound is included in a light-emitting layer can be used. Details of the light-emitting element will be described in Embodiment 2.

<First to third terminals>
The first terminal 106, the second terminal 108, and the third terminal 112 can be formed using a conductive material. The conductive material that can be used for the first terminal 106, the second terminal 108, and the third terminal 112 is selected from, for example, aluminum, chromium, copper, tantalum, titanium, molybdenum, and tungsten. It can be formed using a metal element, an alloy including the above-described metal element as a component, an alloy combining the above-described metal elements, or the like. The material used for the first terminal 106, the second terminal 108, and the third terminal 112 may have a single-layer structure or a stacked structure including two or more layers. For example, a two-layer structure in which a titanium film is stacked on an aluminum film, a two-layer structure in which a titanium film is stacked on a titanium nitride film, a two-layer structure in which a tungsten film is stacked on a titanium nitride film, a tantalum nitride film, or a tungsten nitride film There are a two-layer structure in which a tungsten film is stacked thereon, a titanium film, and a three-layer structure in which an aluminum film is stacked on the titanium film and a titanium film is further formed thereon. Alternatively, an alloy film or a nitride film in which aluminum is combined with one or more selected from titanium, tantalum, tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, neodymium, and scandium may be used.

  Further, as a material that can be used for the first terminal 106, the second terminal 108, and the third terminal 112, a light-transmitting conductive material may be used. As the conductive material having a light-transmitting property, for example, an oxide containing indium may be used. For example, indium oxide containing tungsten oxide, indium zinc oxide containing tungsten oxide, indium oxide containing titanium oxide, indium tin oxide containing titanium oxide, indium tin oxide (hereinafter referred to as ITO), indium A light-transmitting conductive material such as zinc oxide or indium tin oxide to which silicon oxide is added can be used.

  In addition, as a material used for the first terminal 106, the second terminal 108, and the third terminal 112, for example, an evaporation method or a sputtering method can be used.

<Wiring>
The wirings 121, 122, 168, and 169 can be formed using a conductive material. As a material that can be used for the wirings 121, 122, 168, and 169, for example, a material that can be used for the first to third terminals described above can be used. Further, as the wirings 121, 122, 168, 169, in addition to the materials that can be used for the first to third terminals described above, for example, a conductive adhesive such as silver paste, copper paste, or carbon paste, Connection wiring by soldering or the like may be used.

<Power storage device>
The power storage device 110 has a function of supplying electrical energy to at least the light-emitting element 104. As the power storage device 110, for example, a primary battery, a secondary battery, or the like can be used. Details of power storage device 110 will be described in Embodiment 3.

<Case>
The housing 114 has a function of maintaining the shape of the flexible base material 102. The housing 114 has a function of storing the power storage device 110. In addition to the power storage device 110, for example, a circuit or an electronic component can be stored as the housing 114. The housing 114 can be made of, for example, a metal material such as stainless steel, a resin material such as plastic, a polymer material having rubber elasticity, or a combination of these materials.

  Next, a modification of the light-emitting device of one embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to FIGS. Note that portions similar to those in the block diagram illustrated in FIG. 1 or portions having similar functions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  3A and 3B are blocks of a light-emitting device of one embodiment of the present invention.

  A light-emitting device 160 illustrated in FIG. 3A includes a flexible base material 102, a light-emitting element 104 in which a light-emitting layer is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes over the flexible base material 102, and a light-emitting element. 104, and one electrode of the light-emitting element 104 is electrically connected to the first terminal 106, and the other electrode of the light-emitting element 104 is The power storage device 110 is electrically connected to the terminal 108, has a positive electrode and a negative electrode, the negative electrode is electrically connected to the second terminal 108, and the positive electrode is electrically connected to the third terminal 112. The

  A light-emitting device 160 illustrated in FIG. 3A is different from the light-emitting device 100 illustrated in FIG. 1 in that the arrangement of the second terminal 108 and the third terminal 112 is different from the first terminal 106. . As described above, the arrangement of the second terminal 108 and the third terminal 112 is not particularly limited. In the state where the flexible base material 102 is unfolded, the first terminal 106 has the third terminal The first terminal 106 may be configured to be adjacent to the third terminal 112 in a state where the flexible base material 102 is bent or bent and is separated from the terminal 112.

  A light-emitting device 170 illustrated in FIG. 3B includes a base material 102 having flexibility, a light-emitting element 104 in which a light-emitting layer is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes on the base material 102 having flexibility, A power storage device 110 that is electrically connected to the light-emitting element 104; one electrode of the light-emitting element 104 is electrically connected to the first terminal 106; The negative electrode is electrically connected to the second terminal 108 and the positive electrode is electrically connected to the third terminal 112.

  A light-emitting device 170 illustrated in FIG. 3B is different from the light-emitting device 100 illustrated in FIG. 1 in that the shape of the light-emitting element 104, the arrangement of the first terminal 106 with respect to the light-emitting element 104, and the second terminal with respect to the light-emitting element 104 The arrangement of 108 or the arrangement of the third terminal 112 with respect to the light emitting element 104 is different. Specifically, the first terminal 106 is disposed so as to be positioned on the left side and the lower side of the light emitting element 104. In addition, the third terminals 112 are arranged so as to be positioned on the right side and the upper side of the light emitting element 104.

  As the light emitting device 170, for example, in a state where the flexible base material 102 is developed, the first terminal 106 is separated from the third terminal 112, but the white circle α1 shown in FIG. The first terminal 106 is adjacent to the third terminal 112 by bending or bending the flexible base material 102 so that the white circle α2 is adjacent. In addition, the first terminal 106 can be the third terminal 112 by setting the flexible base material 102 to be curved or bent so that the white circle α3 and the white circle α4 shown in FIG. Adjacent to.

  By arranging the first terminal 106 and the third terminal 112 of the light-emitting device 170, for example, from any direction of the base material 102 having flexibility, in this case, from the left-right direction or the up-down direction. It can be set as the structure which can contact the 1st terminal 106 and the 3rd terminal 112 with respect to a press.

  Next, a modification of the light-emitting device of one embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 4A illustrates a modification example of the light-emitting device 150 of one embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4A, the light-emitting device of one embodiment of the present invention may have a circular shape or an oval shape in cross-sectional shape.

  As described above, in the light-emitting device of one embodiment of the present invention, the light-emitting element 104, the first terminal 106, the second terminal 108, and the third terminal 112 are formed over the flexible base material 102. It can be deformed into various shapes.

  In FIG. 4A, the direction in which the side surface of the flexible base material 102 is pressed and deformed is indicated by an arrow. Here, the substrate 102 having flexibility is deformed by pressing from the horizontal direction, and the first terminal 106 and the third terminal 112 are in contact with each other, whereby light emission from the light-emitting element 104 is obtained.

  FIG. 4B illustrates a modification example of the light-emitting device of one embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIG. 4A, and the arrangement of the second terminal 108 and the third terminal 112 with respect to the first terminal 106 Is different. Further, the shape of the housing 114 is different. As the housing 114, the practitioner can appropriately select an optimal structure as long as the power storage device 110 can be disposed at least inside the flexible base material 102.

  FIG. 4C illustrates a modification example of the light-emitting device of one embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIG. 4A, in which the cross-sectional shape of the flexible base material 102 is different. 4C is different in cross-sectional shape of the power storage device 110. In the light-emitting device illustrated in FIG. In addition, the light-emitting device illustrated in FIG. 4C has a structure without the housing 114.

  Note that in FIG. 4C, the direction in which the side surface of the flexible base material 102 is pressed and deformed is indicated by an arrow. Unlike the direction of the arrows shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, for example, the first terminal 106 and the third terminal 112 are in contact with each other in a state where the first terminal 106 is pushed into the inside.

  FIG. 4D illustrates a modification example of the light-emitting device of one embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIG. 4C, in which the second terminal 108 and the third terminal 112 are compared to the first terminal 106. The arrangement of is different.

  In addition, the power storage device 110 illustrated in FIGS. 4C and 4D has flexibility. By providing the power storage device 110 with a flexible function, the light-emitting device can be reduced in weight.

  In the light-emitting device of one embodiment of the present invention, the light-emitting element, the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode are formed on one surface of the base material 102 having flexibility. In this manner, the manufacturing cost can be reduced by forming the light emitting element, the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode only on one surface.

  Further, although not shown in the drawings, either the first terminal 106 or the third terminal 112 may be fixed. For example, the side surface of the flexible base material 102 may be pressed and deformed in a state where the third terminal 112 is fixed to a housing or the like and only the first terminal 106 can be changed.

  Next, a modified example of the light-emitting device 100 illustrated in FIG. 2B is described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the light-emitting device 180 of one embodiment of the present invention.

  In the light-emitting device 180 illustrated in FIG. 5, the light extraction structure 132 is provided over the flexible base material 102. In addition, an insulating film 133 having a function as a planarization film is provided over the light extraction structure 132. In addition, the light-emitting element 104 is provided over the insulating film 133. An auxiliary wiring 134 is provided over the insulating film 133 and is electrically connected to the first electrode 201 functioning as one electrode of the light-emitting element 104. A partition wall 135 is provided over the end portion of the first electrode 201 and the first electrode 201 in a region overlapping with the auxiliary wiring 134. The light-emitting element 104 is sealed with a flexible base material 102, a sealing base material 137, and a sealing material 136. A light extraction structure 131 is bonded to the surface of the flexible base material 102.

  The first electrode 201 that functions as one electrode of the light-emitting element 104 is formed over the first terminal 106. The second electrode 205 that functions as the other electrode of the light-emitting element 104 is formed over the second terminal 108. A third terminal 112 is formed over the flexible base material 102. For example, the first terminal 106, the second terminal 108, and the third terminal 112 can be formed in the same process.

  Note that although the light-emitting device 180 has a structure in which the first electrode 201 is formed over the auxiliary wiring 134, the auxiliary wiring 134 may be formed over the first electrode 201.

  The auxiliary wiring 134 is not necessarily provided, but is preferably provided because a voltage drop due to the resistance of the electrode can be suppressed. Materials that can be used for the auxiliary wiring 134 include copper (Cu), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), chromium (Cr), neodymium (Nd), scandium ( A single layer or a stacked layer is formed using a material selected from Sc) and nickel (Ni) or an alloy material mainly composed of these materials. In addition, aluminum can be used as a material for the auxiliary wiring 134, but in that case, a laminated structure may be used so as not to cause a corrosion problem, and aluminum may be used for a layer that is not in contact with ITO or the like. The film thickness of the auxiliary wiring 134 can be 0.1 μm or more and 3 μm or less, and preferably 0.1 μm or more and 0.5 μm or less.

  As the partition wall 135, for example, an organic resin or an inorganic insulating material can be used. As the organic resin, for example, polyimide resin, polyamide resin, acrylic resin, siloxane resin, epoxy resin, phenol resin, or the like can be used. As the inorganic insulating material, silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, or the like can be used. In particular, a photosensitive resin is preferably used because the partition wall 135 can be easily manufactured. A method for forming the partition wall 135 is not particularly limited, and for example, a photolithography method, a sputtering method, an evaporation method, a droplet discharge method (inkjet method or the like), a printing method (screen printing, offset printing, or the like) may be used.

  As the sealing material 136, for example, solid sealing or hollow sealing can be used. However, the sealing material 136 preferably has a flexible structure. As the sealing material 136, for example, a glass material such as a glass frit, or a resin material such as a two-component mixed resin that cures at room temperature, a photo-curing resin, or a thermosetting resin is used. Can do. In addition, the light emitting element 104 may be filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon, and a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) resin, an acrylic resin, a polyimide resin, an epoxy resin, a silicone resin, or a PVB (polyvinyl butyral) resin. Further, it may be filled with a resin such as EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) resin. Moreover, the desiccant may be contained in resin.

  As the light emitting element 104 used in the light emitting device 180, for example, an organic EL having a bottom emission structure is used. Specifically, the light-emitting element 104 has a first electrode 201 having a function of transmitting visible light, an EL layer 203 over the first electrode 201, and a function of reflecting visible light over the EL layer 203. A second electrode 205 having. However, the light emitting element 104 is not limited to the bottom emission structure, and may be, for example, a top emission structure or a dual emission structure. In that case, a light extraction structure is preferably provided in contact with the sealing material 136 or the sealing substrate 137. Further, an auxiliary wiring may be formed so as to be in contact with the second electrode 205.

  Further, as illustrated in the light-emitting device 180, it is preferable that a light extraction structure 131 be provided at the interface between the flexible base material 102 and the atmosphere. By providing the light extraction structure 131 at the interface between the atmosphere and the flexible base material 102, light that cannot be extracted to the atmosphere due to the influence of total reflection is reduced, and the light extraction efficiency from the light-emitting element 104 can be improved. it can.

  In addition, it is preferable that the light extraction structure 132 be provided between the light-emitting element 104 and the flexible base material 102. In the case where the light extraction structure 132 has unevenness, it is preferable to provide an insulating film 133 that functions as a planarization film between the light extraction structure 132 and the first electrode 201. By providing the insulating film 133, the first electrode 201 can be a flat film, and generation of leakage current due to unevenness of the first electrode 201 in the EL layer 203 can be suppressed. In addition, since the light extraction structure 132 is provided at the interface between the insulating film 133 and the flexible base material 102, light that cannot be extracted into the atmosphere due to the influence of total reflection is reduced, and light extraction efficiency from the light-emitting element 104 is reduced. Can be improved.

  As a material of the light extraction structures 131 and 132, for example, a resin can be used. In addition, as the light extraction structures 131 and 132, for example, a hemispherical lens, a microlens array, a film with a concavo-convex structure, a light diffusion film, or the like can be used as long as it has a flexible structure. For example, the lens or film is bonded onto the flexible base material 102 by using the flexible base material 102 or an adhesive having a refractive index similar to that of the lens or the film. The light extraction structures 131 and 132 can be formed.

  The surface of the insulating film 133 that functions as a planarization film is in contact with the first electrode 201 more flat than the surface in contact with the light extraction structure 132. As a material that can be used for the insulating film 133, a light-transmitting material having a high refractive index (eg, a liquid substance such as a refractive liquid, glass, resin, or the like) can be used.

  Note that the light extraction structures 131 and 132 and the insulating film 133 are not necessarily provided, and may be omitted.

  Note that when the light-emitting element 104 having flexibility is manufactured, as a method for forming the light-emitting element 104 over the flexible base material 102, for example, the light-emitting element is formed over the flexible base material 102. The light emitting element 104 is formed over a substrate having high heat resistance different from the flexible base material 102 (hereinafter referred to as a manufacturing substrate), and then the manufacturing substrate and the light emitting element are formed. There is a second method in which the light-emitting element 104 is transferred to the flexible base material 102 by peeling off the light-emitting element 104.

  The first method is preferable because the process is simplified. In addition, when the second method is used, a manufacturing substrate with high heat resistance can be used; thus, the manufacturing temperature can be increased. In the case of using the second method, for example, an insulating film with low water permeability can be formed, and thus a highly reliable light-emitting element can be formed.

  Note that this embodiment can be combined with any of the other embodiments described in this specification as appropriate.

(Embodiment 2)
In this embodiment, a light-emitting element that can be used for the light-emitting device of one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

<< Configuration example of light emitting element >>
The light-emitting element illustrated in FIG. 6A includes an EL layer 203 between the first electrode 201 and the second electrode 205. In this embodiment mode, the first electrode 201 functions as an anode and the second electrode 205 functions as a cathode.

  When a voltage higher than the threshold voltage of the light-emitting element is applied between the first electrode 201 and the second electrode 205, holes are injected into the EL layer 203 from the first electrode 201 side, whereby the second electrode Electrons are injected from the 205 side. The injected electrons and holes are recombined in the EL layer 203, and the light-emitting substance contained in the EL layer 203 emits light.

  A light-emitting element illustrated in FIG. 6B includes an EL layer 203 between a first electrode 201 and a second electrode 205. The EL layer 203 includes a hole-injection layer 301, a hole-transport layer 302, The light emitting layer 303, the electron transport layer 304, and the electron injection layer 305 are stacked in this order from the first electrode 201 side.

  The EL layer 203 includes at least a light-emitting layer 303 containing a light-emitting substance.

  The EL layer 203 is a layer other than the light-emitting layer, such as a substance having a high hole-injection property, a substance having a high hole-transport property, a substance having a high electron-transport property, a substance having a high electron-injection property, or a bipolar substance ( A layer including a substance having a high electron transporting property and a high hole transporting property may be further included. Either a low molecular compound or a high molecular compound can be used for the EL layer 203, and an inorganic compound may be included.

  As in the light-emitting element illustrated in FIGS. 6C and 6D, a plurality of EL layers may be stacked between the first electrode 201 and the second electrode 205. In this case, an intermediate layer 207 is preferably provided between the stacked EL layers. The intermediate layer 207 has at least a charge generation region.

  For example, the light-emitting element illustrated in FIG. 6C includes the intermediate layer 207 between the first EL layer 203a and the second EL layer 203b. 6D includes n EL layers (n is a natural number of 2 or more), and includes an intermediate layer 207 between the EL layers.

  The behavior of electrons and holes in the intermediate layer 207 provided between the EL layer 203 (m) and the EL layer 203 (m + 1) will be described. When a voltage higher than the threshold voltage of the light-emitting element is applied between the first electrode 201 and the second electrode 205, holes and electrons are generated in the intermediate layer 207, and the holes are on the second electrode 205 side. The electron moves to the EL layer 203 (m + 1) provided on the first electrode 201, and the electrons move to the EL layer 203 (m) provided on the first electrode 201 side. The holes injected into the EL layer 203 (m + 1) recombine with electrons injected from the second electrode 205 side, and the light-emitting substance contained in the EL layer 203 (m + 1) emits light. Further, electrons injected into the EL layer 203 (m) recombine with holes injected from the first electrode 201 side, so that a light-emitting substance contained in the EL layer 203 (m) emits light. Accordingly, holes and electrons generated in the intermediate layer 207 emit light in different EL layers.

  When the same structure as the intermediate layer is formed between the EL layers in contact with each other, the EL layers can be provided in contact with each other without using the intermediate layer. For example, in the case where a charge generation region is formed on one surface of the EL layer, the EL layer can be provided in contact with the surface.

  Further, by making the light emission colors of the respective EL layers different, light emission of a desired color can be obtained as the whole light emitting element. For example, in a light-emitting element having two EL layers, a light-emitting element that emits white light as a whole of the light-emitting element by making the light emission color of the first EL layer and the light emission color of the second EL layer complementary colors It is also possible to obtain The same applies to a light-emitting element having three or more EL layers.

<< Light-emitting element materials >>
Examples of materials that can be used for each layer are shown below. Each layer is not limited to a single layer, and two or more layers may be stacked.

<anode>
The electrode functioning as the anode (first electrode 201) can be formed using one or more kinds of conductive metals, alloys, conductive compounds, and the like. In particular, it is preferable to use a material having a large work function (4.0 eV or more). For example, indium tin oxide (ITO), indium tin oxide containing silicon or silicon oxide, indium zinc oxide, indium oxide containing tungsten oxide and zinc oxide, graphene, gold, platinum, nickel, Tungsten, chromium, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, copper, palladium, a nitride of a metal material (for example, titanium nitride), or the like can be given.

  Note that when the anode is in contact with the charge generation region, various conductive materials can be used without considering the magnitude of the work function. For example, aluminum, silver, an alloy containing aluminum, or the like can also be used. .

<cathode>
The electrode functioning as the cathode (second electrode 205) can be formed using one or more kinds of conductive metals, alloys, conductive compounds, and the like. In particular, it is preferable to use a material having a small work function (3.8 eV or less). For example, elements belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the periodic table (for example, alkali metals such as lithium and cesium, alkaline earth metals such as calcium and strontium, magnesium, etc.), alloys containing these elements (for example, Mg -Ag, Al-Li), rare earth metals such as europium and ytterbium, alloys containing these rare earth metals, aluminum, silver, and the like can be used.

  Note that when the cathode is in contact with the charge generation region, various conductive materials can be used without considering the magnitude of the work function. For example, indium tin oxide containing ITO, silicon, or silicon oxide can be used.

  The electrodes may be formed using a vacuum deposition method or a sputtering method, respectively. In addition, when silver paste or the like is used, a coating method or an ink jet method may be used.

<Hole injection layer>
The hole injection layer 301 is a layer including a substance having a high hole injection property.

Examples of the substance having a high hole-injecting property include metal oxides such as molybdenum oxide, vanadium oxide, ruthenium oxide, tungsten oxide, and manganese oxide, phthalocyanine (abbreviation: H ₂ Pc), copper (II) A phthalocyanine-based compound such as phthalocyanine (abbreviation: CuPc) can be used.

  In addition, polymer compounds such as poly (N-vinylcarbazole) (abbreviation: PVK) and poly (4-vinyltriphenylamine) (abbreviation: PVTPA), poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / poly ( A polymer compound to which an acid such as styrene sulfonic acid (PEDOT / PSS) is added can be used.

  The hole injection layer 301 may be used as a charge generation region. When the hole injection layer 301 in contact with the anode is a charge generation region, various conductive materials can be used for the anode without considering the work function. The material constituting the charge generation region will be described later.

<Hole transport layer>
The hole-transport layer 302 is a layer that contains a substance having a high hole-transport property.

The substance having a high hole transporting property may be a substance having a hole transporting property higher than that of electrons, and is particularly preferably a substance having a hole mobility of 10 ⁻⁶ cm ² / Vs or more. For example, 4,4′-bis [N- (1-naphthyl) -N-phenylamino] biphenyl (abbreviation: NPB or α-NPD), 4-phenyl-4 ′-(9-phenylfluoren-9-yl) Aromatic amine compounds such as triphenylamine (abbreviation: BPAFLP), 4,4′-di (N-carbazolyl) biphenyl (abbreviation: CBP), 9- [4- (10-phenyl-9-anthryl) phenyl]- Carbazole derivatives such as 9H-carbazole (abbreviation: CzPA), 9-phenyl-3- [4- (10-phenyl-9-anthryl) phenyl] -9H-carbazole (abbreviation: PCzPA), 2-tert-butyl-9 , 10-di (2-naphthyl) anthracene (abbreviation: t-BuDNA), 9,10-di (2-naphthyl) anthracene (abbreviation: DNA), 9,10- Phenyl anthracene (abbreviation: DPAnth) aromatic such as hydrocarbon compounds, PVK, polymer compounds such as PVTPA like, can be used various compounds.

<Light emitting layer>
The light-emitting layer 303 can be formed using a fluorescent compound that emits fluorescence or a phosphorescent compound that emits phosphorescence.

  As a fluorescent compound that can be used for the light-emitting layer 303, for example, N, N′-bis [4- (9H-carbazol-9-yl) phenyl] -N, N′-diphenylstilbene-4,4′- Examples include diamine (abbreviation: YGA2S), N- (9,10-diphenyl-2-anthryl) -N, 9-diphenyl-9H-carbazol-3-amine (abbreviation: 2PCAPA), rubrene, and the like.

As a phosphorescent compound that can be used for the light-emitting layer 303, for example, bis [2- (4 ′, 6′-difluorophenyl) pyridinato-N, C ^{2 ′} ] iridium (III) picolinate (abbreviation: FIrpic) , Tris (2-phenylpyridinato-N, C2 ^' ) iridium (III) (abbreviation: Ir (ppy) ₃ ) (acetylacetonato) bis (3,5-dimethyl-2-phenylpyrazinato) iridium And organometallic complexes such as (III) (abbreviation: Ir (mppr-Me) ₂ (acac)).

  Note that the light-emitting layer 303 may have a structure in which the above-described light-emitting organic compound (light-emitting substance or guest material) is dispersed in another substance (host material). Various host materials can be used, and it is preferable to use a substance having a lowest lowest orbital level (LUMO level) and a lower highest occupied orbital level (HOMO level) than the guest material. .

  With the structure in which the guest material is dispersed in the host material, crystallization of the light-emitting layer 303 can be suppressed. Further, concentration quenching due to the high concentration of the guest material can be suppressed.

  As the host material, the above-described substance having a high hole transporting property (for example, an aromatic amine compound or a carbazole derivative), a substance having a high electron transporting property described later (for example, a metal complex having a quinoline skeleton or a benzoquinoline skeleton, A metal complex having an oxazole-based ligand or a thiazole-based ligand) can be used. Specifically, metals such as tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum (III) (abbreviation: Alq), bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinolato) (4-phenylphenolato) aluminum (III) (abbreviation: BAlq) Complex, 3- (4-biphenylyl) -4-phenyl-5- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -1,2,4-triazole (abbreviation: TAZ), bathophenanthroline (abbreviation: BPhen), bathocuproin (abbreviation: Heterocyclic compounds such as BCP), condensed aromatic compounds such as CzPA, DNA, t-BuDNA, and DPAnth, aromatic amine compounds such as NPB, and the like can be used.

  A plurality of types of host materials can be used. For example, a substance that suppresses crystallization, such as rubrene, may be further added to suppress crystallization. Further, NPB, Alq, or the like may be further added in order to perform energy transfer to the guest material more efficiently.

  In addition, by providing a plurality of light-emitting layers and making each layer have a different emission color, light emission of a desired color can be obtained as the entire light-emitting element. For example, in a light-emitting element having two light-emitting layers, a light-emitting element that emits white light as a whole of the light-emitting element by making the light emission color of the first light-emitting layer and the light emission color of the second light-emitting layer have a complementary relationship It is also possible to obtain The same applies to a light-emitting element having three or more light-emitting layers.

<Electron transport layer>
The electron transport layer 304 is a layer containing a substance having a high electron transport property.

The substance having a high electron transporting property may be an organic compound having a higher electron transporting property than holes, and is particularly preferably a substance having an electron mobility of 10 ⁻⁶ cm ² / Vs or more.

As a substance having a high electron transporting property, for example, Alq, BAlq, or a metal complex having a quinoline skeleton or a benzoquinoline skeleton, bis [2- (2-hydroxyphenyl) benzoxazolate] zinc (abbreviation: Zn ( BOX) ₂ ), bis [2- (2-hydroxyphenyl) benzothiazolate] zinc (abbreviation: Zn (BTZ) ₂ ) and other metal complexes having an oxazole-based or thiazole-based ligand can be used. Also, TAZ, BPhen, BCP, etc. can be used.

<Electron injection layer>
The electron injection layer 305 is a layer containing a substance having a high electron injection property.

  As a substance having a high electron-injecting property, for example, an alkali metal such as lithium, cesium, calcium, lithium fluoride, cesium fluoride, calcium fluoride, or lithium oxide, or an alkaline earth metal, or a compound thereof is used. Can do. Alternatively, a rare earth metal compound such as erbium fluoride can be used. Further, electride may be used for the electron injection layer 305. Examples of the electride include a substance obtained by adding a high concentration of electrons to a mixed oxide of calcium and aluminum. Alternatively, a substance that forms the electron transport layer 304 described above may be used.

<Charge generation region>
The charge generation region has a structure in which an electron acceptor (acceptor) is added to an organic compound having a high hole transporting property, and an electron donor (donor) is added to an organic compound having a high electron transporting property. There may be. Moreover, both these structures may be laminated | stacked.

  Examples of the organic compound having a high hole-transport property include materials that can be used for the above-described hole-transport layer. Examples of the organic compound having a high electron-transport property include, for example, the above-described electron-transport layer. Possible materials are listed.

  Examples of the electron acceptor include 7,7,8,8-tetracyano-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoroquinodimethane (abbreviation: F4-TCNQ), chloranil, and the like. Moreover, a transition metal oxide can be mentioned. In addition, oxides of metals belonging to Groups 4 to 8 in the periodic table can be given. Specifically, vanadium oxide, niobium oxide, tantalum oxide, chromium oxide, molybdenum oxide, tungsten oxide, manganese oxide, and rhenium oxide are preferable because of their high electron accepting properties. Among these, molybdenum oxide is especially preferable because it is stable in the air, has a low hygroscopic property, and is easy to handle.

  As the electron donor, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, a metal belonging to Group 13 of the periodic table, or an oxide or carbonate thereof can be used. Specifically, lithium, cesium, magnesium, calcium, ytterbium, indium, lithium oxide, cesium carbonate, or the like is preferably used. An organic compound such as tetrathianaphthacene may be used as an electron donor.

  Note that the above-described layers constituting the EL layer 203 and the intermediate layer 207 can be formed by a method such as a vapor deposition method (including a vacuum vapor deposition method), a transfer method, a printing method, an ink jet method, or a coating method.

  Note that this embodiment can be combined with any of the other embodiments described in this specification as appropriate.

(Embodiment 3)
In this embodiment, an example in which a laminate-type secondary battery is used as the flexible power storage device will be described. FIG. 7A illustrates an upper surface of a laminated secondary battery. FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram of a cross section cut along a single-dot chain line AB in FIG.

  A secondary battery in which a sheet-like positive electrode 503, a separator 507, and a sheet-like negative electrode 506 are stacked, the other regions are filled with an electrolytic solution 510, and these are accommodated in an outer package made of a film is used. Note that the positive electrode 503 includes a positive electrode current collector 501 and a positive electrode active material layer 502. The negative electrode 506 includes a negative electrode current collector 504 and a negative electrode active material layer 505.

  As a material of the positive electrode current collector 501 and the negative electrode current collector 504, metals such as stainless steel, gold, platinum, zinc, iron, nickel, copper, aluminum, titanium, tantalum, and alloys thereof, and alloys thereof have high conductivity. A material that is not alloyed with carrier ions such as lithium can be used. Alternatively, an aluminum alloy to which an element that improves heat resistance, such as silicon, titanium, neodymium, scandium, or molybdenum, is added can be used. Alternatively, a metal element that forms silicide by reacting with silicon may be used. Examples of metal elements that react with silicon to form silicide include zirconium, titanium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, nickel, and the like. The current collector 412 can have a foil shape, a plate shape (sheet shape), a net shape, a columnar shape, a coil shape, a punching metal shape, an expanded metal shape, or the like as appropriate. The positive electrode current collector 501 and the negative electrode current collector 504 may have a thickness of 10 μm to 30 μm.

As the positive electrode active material layer 502, a material capable of inserting and extracting lithium ions can be used. For example, a lithium-containing material having an olivine type crystal structure, a layered rock salt type crystal structure, or a spinel type crystal structure can be used. There are materials. As the positive electrode active material may be, for example, _{LiFeO 2, LiCoO 2, LiNiO 2} , LiMn 2 O 4, V 2 O 5, Cr 2 O 5, compounds such as MnO _2.

Typical examples of olivine-type lithium-containing materials (general formula LiMPO ₄ (M is one or more of Fe (II), Mn (II), Co (II), Ni (II))) are LiFePO ₄ and LiNiPO. ₄ , LiCoPO ₄ , LiMnPO ₄ , LiFe _a Ni _b PO ₄ , LiFe _a Co _b PO ₄ , LiFe _a Mn _b PO ₄ , LiNi _a Co _b PO ₄ , LiNi _a Mn _b PO ₄ , 0 < _{a <1,0 <b <1)} , LiFe c Ni d Co e PO 4, LiFe c Ni d Mn e PO 4, LiNi c Co d Mn e PO 4 (c + d + e ≦ 1, 0 <c <1,0 _{<d <1,0 <e <1} ), LiFe f Ni g Co h Mn i PO 4 (f + g + h + i is 1 or less, 0 <f <1,0 <g <1,0 <h <1,0 i <1) and the like there is.

In particular, LiFePO ₄ is preferable because it satisfies the matters required for the positive electrode active material in a balanced manner, such as safety, stability, high capacity density, high potential, and the presence of lithium ions extracted during initial oxidation (charging).

Examples of the lithium-containing material having a layered rock salt type crystal structure include NiCo-based materials such as lithium cobaltate (LiCoO ₂ ), LiNiO ₂ , LiMnO ₂ , Li ₂ MnO ₃ , and LiNi _0.8 Co _0.2 O ₂ ( The general formula is NiMn series such as LiNi _x Co _1-x O ₂ (0 <x <1)), LiNi _0.5 Mn _0.5 O ₂ (general formula is LiNi _x Mn _1-x O ₂ (0 _{<x <1)),} also referred to as NiMnCo system (NMC such _{LiNi 1/3 Mn 1/3 Co 1/3 O 2} . general _{formula, LiNi x Mn y Co 1-} x-y O 2 (x> 0 , Y> 0, x + y <1)). _Furthermore, there is _{Li (Ni 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05} ) O 2, Li 2 MnO 3 -LiMO 2 (M = Co, Ni, Mn) or the like.

Examples of the lithium-containing material having a spinel crystal structure include LiMn ₂ O ₄ , Li _{1 + x} Mn _2−x O ₄ , Li (MnAl) ₂ O ₄ , LiMn _1.5 Ni _0.5 O _{4, and the} like. .

When a small amount of lithium nickelate (LiNiO ₂ or LiNi _1-x MO ₂ (M = Co, Al, etc.)) is mixed with a lithium-containing material having a spinel type crystal structure containing manganese such as LiMn ₂ O ₄ , manganese There are advantages such as suppression of elution and suppression of electrolyte decomposition.

Also, as the positive electrode active material, the general formula _{Li (2-j) MSiO 4} (M is, Fe (II), Mn ( II), Co (II), Ni (II) one or more, 0 ≦ j ≦ 2) Lithium-containing materials such as can be used. Representative examples of the general formula Li _(2-j) MSiO ₄ include Li _(2-j) FeSiO ₄ , Li _(2-j) NiSiO ₄ , Li _(2-j) CoSiO ₄ , Li _(2-j) MnSiO _{4, Li (2-j)} Fe k Ni l SiO 4, Li (2-j) Fe k Co l SiO 4, Li (2-j) Fe k Mn l SiO 4, Li (2-j) Ni k Co _{l SiO 4, Li (2-} j) Ni k Mn l SiO 4 (k + l is 1 or _{less, 0 <k <1,0 <l} <1), Li (2-j) Fe m Ni n Co q SiO 4, _{Li (2-j) Fe m} Ni n Mn q SiO 4, Li (2-j) Ni m Co n Mn q SiO 4 (m + n + q is 1 or less, 0 <m <1,0 <n <1,0 <q _{<1), Li (2-} j) Fe r Ni s Co t Mn _{u SiO 4 (r + s +} t + u ≦ 1, 0 <r <1,0 <s <1,0 <t <1,0 <u <1) can be used a lithium compound such as a material.

Also, as the positive electrode active _{material, A x M 2 (XO 4} ) 3 (A = Li, Na, Mg, M = Fe, Mn, Ti, V, Nb, Al, X = S, P, Mo, W, As , Si), a NASICON compound represented by the general formula can be used. Examples of NASICON type compounds include Fe ₂ (MnO ₄ ) ₃ , Fe ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₃ , and Li ₃ Fe ₂ (PO ₄ ) ₃ . Further, as a positive electrode active material, a compound represented by a general formula of Li ₂ MPO ₄ F, Li ₂ MP ₂ O ₇ , Li ₅ MO ₄ (M = Fe, Mn), a perovskite type fluoride such as NaF ₃ , FeF _3, etc. Metal, chalcogenides such as TiS ₂ and MoS ₂ (sulfides, selenides, tellurides), lithium-containing materials having an inverse spinel crystal structure such as LiMVO ₄ , vanadium oxides (V ₂ O ₅ , V ₆ O ₁₃ , LiV ₃ O ₈ or the like), manganese oxide, organic sulfur, or the like can be used.

  In addition to the positive electrode active material described above, the positive electrode active material layer 502 includes a binder (binder) for increasing the adhesion of the active material, a conductive auxiliary agent for increasing the conductivity of the positive electrode active material layer 502, and the like. You may have.

  As the negative electrode active material layer 505, a material capable of dissolving and precipitating lithium or inserting and removing lithium ions can be used, and lithium metal, a carbon-based material, an alloy-based material, and the like can be used.

Lithium metal is preferable because it has a low redox potential (−3.045 V with respect to the standard hydrogen electrode) and a large specific capacity per weight and volume (3860 mAh / g and 2062 mAh / cm ³ , respectively).

  Examples of the carbon-based material include graphite, graphitizable carbon (soft carbon), non-graphitizable carbon (hard carbon), carbon nanotube, graphene, and carbon black.

  Examples of graphite include artificial graphite such as mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB), coke-based artificial graphite, and pitch-based artificial graphite, and natural graphite such as spheroidized natural graphite.

Graphite exhibits a potential as low as that of lithium metal (0.1 to 0.3 V vs. Li / Li ⁺ ) when lithium ions are inserted into the graphite (when a lithium-graphite intercalation compound is formed). Thereby, a lithium ion secondary battery can show a high operating voltage. Further, graphite is preferable because it has advantages such as relatively high capacity per unit volume, small volume expansion, low cost, and high safety compared to lithium metal.

As the negative electrode active material, an alloy-based material capable of performing a charge / discharge reaction by an alloying / dealloying reaction with lithium can also be used. For example, there is a material containing at least one of Al, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, In, and Ga. Such an element has a large capacity with respect to carbon. In particular, silicon has a theoretical capacity of 4200 mAh / g. For this reason, it is preferable to use silicon for the negative electrode active material. Examples of alloy materials using such elements include SiO, Mg ₂ Si, Mg ₂ Ge, SnO, SnO ₂ , Mg ₂ Sn, SnS ₂ , V ₂ Sn ₃ , FeSn ₂ , CoSn ₂ , and Ni _3. Examples include Sn ₂ , Cu ₆ Sn ₅ , Ag ₃ Sn, Ag ₃ Sb, Ni ₂ MnSb, CeSb ₃ , LaSn ₃ , La ₃ Co ₂ Sn ₇ , CoSb ₃ , InSb, and SbSn.

Further, as the negative electrode active material, titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ), lithium titanium oxide (Li ₄ Ti ₅ O ₁₂ ), lithium-graphite intercalation compound, (Li _x C ₆ ), niobium pentoxide (Nb ₂ O ₅ ), Oxides such as tungsten oxide (WO ₂ ) and molybdenum oxide (MoO ₂ ) can be used.

Further, as the anode active material, a double nitride of lithium and a transition metal, Li ₃ with N-type structure _{Li 3-x M x N (} M = Co, Ni, Cu) can be used. For example, Li _2.6 Co _0.4 N ₃ shows a large charge / discharge capacity (900 mAh / g, 1890 mAh / cm ³ ) and is preferable.

When lithium and transition metal double nitride is used, since the negative electrode active material contains lithium ions, it can be combined with materials such as V ₂ O ₅ and Cr ₃ O ₈ that do not contain lithium ions as the positive electrode active material. . Even when a material containing lithium ions is used for the positive electrode active material, lithium and transition metal double nitride can be used as the negative electrode active material by previously desorbing lithium ions contained in the positive electrode active material. .

A material that causes a conversion reaction can also be used as the negative electrode active material. For example, a transition metal oxide that does not undergo an alloying reaction with lithium, such as cobalt oxide (CoO), nickel oxide (NiO), or iron oxide (FeO), may be used as the negative electrode active material. As a material causing the conversion reaction, oxides such as Fe ₂ O ₃ , CuO, Cu ₂ O, RuO ₂ and Cr ₂ O ₃ , sulfides such as CoS _0.89 , NiS and CuS, Zn ₃ N _{2 are further included.} This also occurs in nitrides such as Cu ₃ N and Ge ₃ N ₄ , phosphides such as NiP ₂ , FeP ₂ and CoP ₃ , and fluorides such as FeF ₃ and BiF ₃ . Note that since the potential of the fluoride is high, it may be used as a positive electrode active material.

  In addition to the above-described negative electrode active material, the negative electrode active material layer 505 includes a binder (binder) for increasing the adhesion of the active material, a conductive auxiliary agent for increasing the conductivity of the negative electrode active material layer 505, and the like. You may have.

As the electrolyte 510, a material that can transfer carrier ions and has carrier ions is used as an electrolyte. Representative examples of the electrolyte include LiPF ₆ , LiClO ₄ , Li (FSO ₂ ) ₂ N, LiAsF ₆ , LiBF ₄ , LiCF ₃ SO ₃ , Li (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₂ N, Li (C ₂ F ₅ SO ₂ ) ₂ N, there is a lithium salt and the like. These electrolytes may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types by arbitrary combinations and a ratio. Moreover, in order to make the reaction product more stable, a small amount (1 wt%) of vinylene carbonate (VC) may be added to the electrolytic solution to further reduce the decomposition of the electrolytic solution.

  In addition, as a solvent for the electrolytic solution 510, a material capable of moving carrier ions is used. As a solvent for the electrolytic solution, an aprotic organic solvent is preferable. Representative examples of aprotic organic solvents include ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate (DEC), γ-butyrolactone, acetonitrile, dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran, and the like. Can be used. Moreover, the safety | security with respect to a liquid leakage property etc. increases by using the polymeric material gelatinized as a solvent of electrolyte solution. Further, the storage battery can be made thinner and lighter. Typical examples of the polymer material to be gelated include silicone gel, acrylic gel, acrylonitrile gel, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, and fluorine-based polymer. In addition, by using one or more ionic liquids (room temperature molten salts) that are flame retardant and volatile as an electrolyte solvent, even if the internal temperature rises due to internal short circuit or overcharge of the storage battery, etc. This can prevent the battery from bursting or igniting.

  As the separator 507, an insulator such as cellulose (paper) or polypropylene or polyethylene provided with pores can be used.

  In FIG. 7B, an example in which the number of electrode layers is two (two layers of the positive electrode 503 and the negative electrode 506) is shown, but the area (size) of the secondary battery is maintained while maintaining the capacity of the secondary battery. In the case of reducing the size, the size of the secondary battery can be reduced by increasing the number of electrode layers more than two. However, when the number of electrode layers exceeds 40, the thickness of the secondary battery increases, and the flexibility may be impaired, so the number of electrode layers is set to 40 or less, preferably 20 or less. In addition, when performing double-sided coating in which the positive electrode active material layer 502 is applied to both sides of the positive electrode current collector, or in performing double-sided coating in which the negative electrode current collector layer 505 is applied to both sides of the negative electrode current collector 504, a secondary battery It is also possible to reduce the number of electrode layers to 10 or less while maintaining the capacity.

  The stack of the sheet-like positive electrode 503, the separator 507, and the sheet-like negative electrode 506 is sealed by performing heat sealing.

  In this specification, heat sealing refers to sealing by thermocompression bonding, and is an adhesive layer that is part-coated on a film substrate or an outermost layer having a low melting point of a film (for example, a laminate film). Or it means that the innermost layer is melted by heat and bonded by pressing.

  The secondary battery uses a thin and flexible film (for example, a laminate film) as an exterior body. The laminate film refers to a laminated film of a base film and an adhesive synthetic resin film, or two or more kinds of laminated films. As the base film, polyesters such as PET and PBT, polyamides such as nylon 6 and nylon 66, inorganic vapor deposition films, or papers may be used. As the adhesive synthetic film, polyolefin such as PE or PP, acrylic synthetic resin, epoxy synthetic resin, or the like may be used. The laminate film is laminated with the object to be processed by thermocompression bonding using a laminating apparatus. In addition, it is preferable to apply | coat an anchor coating agent as pre-processing which performs a lamination process, and can make the adhesion | attachment of a laminate film and a to-be-processed object strong. As the anchor coating agent, an isocyanate-based agent may be used.

  The positive electrode current collector 501 and the negative electrode current collector 504 also serve as terminals for obtaining electrical contact with the outside. Therefore, as illustrated in FIG. 7A, a part of the positive electrode current collector 501 and the negative electrode current collector 504 is disposed so as to be exposed to the outside from the film 508 and the exterior body 509. When the number of electrode layers is increased and stacked, the plurality of positive electrode current collectors 501 are electrically connected by ultrasonic welding, and the plurality of negative electrode current collectors 504 are electrically connected by ultrasonic welding. Note that in FIG. 7B, part of the negative electrode current collector 504 protrudes outward from the exterior body 509.

  The above is an example of a power storage device that can be used for the light-emitting device of one embodiment of the present invention.

  Note that the structure described in this embodiment can be combined as appropriate with any of the structures described in the other embodiments.

(Embodiment 4)
In this embodiment, an example in which the light-emitting device of one embodiment of the present invention is applied to various lighting devices and electronic devices will be described with reference to FIGS.

  By manufacturing the light-emitting device of one embodiment of the present invention over a flexible substrate, an electronic device or a lighting device including a light-emitting portion having a curved surface can be realized.

  In addition, the light-emitting device to which one embodiment of the present invention is applied can also be used for lighting of a car. For example, lighting can be provided on a dashboard, a windshield, a ceiling, or the like.

  FIG. 8A shows a perspective view of one surface of the mobile phone, and FIG. 8B shows a perspective view of the other surface of the mobile phone. In the mobile phone 2000, a display portion 2004, a camera 2006, a lighting 2008, and the like are incorporated in a housing 2002. The light-emitting device of one embodiment of the present invention can be used for the lighting 2008. Although not illustrated in FIGS. 8A and 8B, a power storage device is provided inside the housing 2002.

  The lighting 2008 functions as a surface light source by using the light-emitting device of one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, unlike a point light source typified by an LED, light emission with less directivity can be obtained. For example, in the case where the illumination 2008 and the camera 2006 are used in combination, the illumination 2008 can be turned on or blinked and captured by the camera 2006. Since the illumination 2008 has a function as a surface light source, it can take a picture taken under natural light.

  Note that the cellular phone illustrated in FIGS. 8A and 8B can have a variety of functions. For example, a function for displaying various information (still images, moving images, text images, etc.) on the display unit 2004, a touch panel function, a function for displaying a calendar, date or time, and a function for controlling processing by various software (programs) , Wireless communication function, function to connect to various computer networks using wireless communication function, function to transmit or receive various data using wireless communication function, read program or data recorded in recording medium A function of displaying on the display portion 2004 can be provided.

  In addition, a speaker, a sensor (force, displacement, position, velocity, acceleration, angular velocity, rotation speed, distance, light, liquid, magnetism, temperature, chemical substance, sound, time, hardness, electric field, current are provided in the housing 2002. , Voltage, power, radiation, flow rate, humidity, gradient, vibration, odor or infrared measurement function), microphone, and the like. Further, by providing a detection device having a sensor for detecting the inclination, such as a gyroscope and an acceleration sensor, in the mobile phone 2000, the orientation (vertical or horizontal) of the mobile phone 2000 is determined, and the screen of the display unit 2004 The display can be switched automatically.

  The display portion 2004 can also function as an image sensor. For example, personal authentication can be performed by touching the display unit 2004 with a palm or a finger and capturing an image of a palm print, a fingerprint, or the like. In addition, when a backlight that emits near-infrared light or a sensing light source that emits near-infrared light is used for the display portion 2004, finger veins, palm veins, and the like can be imaged.

  FIG. 8C shows a perspective view of a crime prevention light. The light 2100 includes an illumination 2108 outside the housing 2102, and a speaker 2110 and the like are incorporated in the housing 2102. The light-emitting device of one embodiment of the present invention can be used for the lighting 2108. Further, although not illustrated in FIG. 8C, the power storage device is provided inside the housing 2102.

  As the light 2100, for example, light can be emitted by holding, holding, or holding the illumination 2108. In addition, an electronic circuit that can control a light emission method from the light 2100 may be provided inside the housing 2102. As the electronic circuit, for example, a circuit that can emit light once or intermittently a plurality of times may be used, or a circuit that can adjust the light emission amount by controlling the light emission current value. Good. Further, a circuit that outputs a loud alarm sound from the speaker 2110 at the same time as the light emission of the illumination 2108 may be incorporated.

  Since the light 2100 can emit light in all directions, for example, it can be threatened with light or light and sound toward a thief or the like. The light 2100 may include a camera such as a digital still camera and a mechanism having a photographing function.

  As described above, a lighting device and an electronic device can be obtained by using the light-emitting device of one embodiment of the present invention. Note that applicable lighting devices and electronic devices are not limited to those shown in the present embodiment and can be applied to electronic devices in various fields.

  Note that the structure described in this embodiment can be combined as appropriate with any of the structures described in the other embodiments.

100 light emitting device 102 base material 104 light emitting element 106 terminal 108 terminal 110 power storage device 112 terminal 114 housing 121 wiring 122 wiring 131 structure 132 structure 133 insulating film 134 partition wiring 136 sealing material 137 sealing base material 150 light emitting device 160 Light emitting device 163 Positive electrode 166 Negative electrode 168 Wiring 169 Wiring 170 Light emitting device 180 Light emitting device 201 Electrode 203 EL layer 203a EL layer 203b EL layer 205 Electrode 207 Intermediate layer 301 Hole injection layer 302 Hole transport layer 303 Light emitting layer 304 Electron transport layer 305 Electron injection layer 412 Current collector 501 Positive electrode current collector 502 Positive electrode active material layer 503 Positive electrode 504 Negative electrode current collector 505 Negative electrode active material layer 506 Negative electrode 507 Separator 508 Film 509 Exterior body 510 Electrolytic solution 2000 Mobile phone 2002 Case 2004 Table Part 2006 camera 2008 lighting 2100 light 2102 housing 2108 Lighting 2110 speaker

Claims (9)

A flexible substrate;
A light emitting element in which a light emitting layer is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes on the substrate;
A power storage device electrically connected to the light emitting element,
One electrode of the light emitting element is electrically connected to the first terminal, and the other electrode of the light emitting element is electrically connected to the second terminal,
The power storage device has a positive electrode and a negative electrode,
The negative electrode is electrically connected to the second terminal, the positive electrode is electrically connected to a third terminal,
In the state where the base material is developed, the first terminal is separated from the third terminal,
In a state where the base material is curved or bent, the first terminal is adjacent to the third terminal.
A light emitting device characterized by that. A flexible substrate;
A light emitting element in which a light emitting layer is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes on the substrate;
A power storage device electrically connected to the light emitting element,
One electrode of the light emitting element is electrically connected to the first terminal, and the other electrode of the light emitting element is electrically connected to the second terminal,
The power storage device has a positive electrode and a negative electrode,
The negative electrode is electrically connected to a third terminal; the positive electrode is electrically connected to the second terminal;
In the state where the base material is developed, the first terminal is separated from the third terminal,
In a state where the base material is curved or bent, the first terminal is adjacent to the third terminal.
A light emitting device characterized by that. A housing,
A flexible substrate disposed outside the housing;
A light emitting element in which a light emitting layer is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes on the substrate;
A power storage device electrically connected to the light emitting element and disposed inside the housing;
One electrode of the light emitting element is electrically connected to the first terminal, and the other electrode of the light emitting element is electrically connected to the second terminal,
The power storage device has a positive electrode and a negative electrode,
The negative electrode is electrically connected to the second terminal, the positive electrode is electrically connected to a third terminal,
In the state where the base material is developed, the first terminal is separated from the third terminal,
In a state where the base material is curved or bent, the first terminal is adjacent to the third terminal.
A light emitting device characterized by that. A housing,
A flexible substrate disposed outside the housing;
A light emitting element in which a light emitting layer is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes on the substrate;
A power storage device electrically connected to the light emitting element and disposed inside the housing;
One electrode of the light emitting element is electrically connected to the first terminal, and the other electrode of the light emitting element is electrically connected to the second terminal,
The power storage device has a positive electrode and a negative electrode,
The negative electrode is electrically connected to a third terminal; the positive electrode is electrically connected to the second terminal;
In the state where the base material is developed, the first terminal is separated from the third terminal,
In a state where the base material is curved or bent, the first terminal is adjacent to the third terminal.
A light emitting device characterized by that. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4,
In a state where the first terminal and the third terminal are adjacent to each other,
When the side surface of the base material is pressed and deformed, the first terminal and the third terminal are connected,
A light emitting device characterized by that. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4,
The light-emitting device, wherein the light-emitting layer includes an organic material. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4,
The light-emitting device is characterized in that the power storage device has flexibility.   An electronic device using the light-emitting device according to claim 1.   An illumination device using the light-emitting device according to claim 1.

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