JP2015081533A - Vehicle with waste heat recovery device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vehicle with a waste heat recovery device which is easy to be mounted in the vehicle and is saved in cost owing to its high recovery efficiency of waste heat recovery energy.SOLUTION: A vehicle 100 in which a cab 1 is mounted in a vehicle front portion, includes a waste heat recovery device 3 which recovers electric energy by using cooling water R taken out from an engine 2 mounted in the vehicle 100; and a cooling water circulation hose 36 connecting the engine 2 and the waste heat recovery device 3, and circulating the cooling water R into the waste heat recovery device 3. A condenser 33 of the waste heat recovery device 3 is provided in a cab roof 1R in an upwardly inclined disposition toward the rear of the vehicle.

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle provided with a waste heat recovery device that improves the mountability of the waste heat recovery device on a vehicle and saves fuel.

In vehicles equipped with an internal combustion engine, the heat efficiency of the internal combustion engine is improved by regenerating waste heat energy of the internal combustion engine as power by a waste heat recovery device (Rankine cycle circuit).
The waste heat recovery device is a circuit that recovers waste heat energy as power by passing a medium (working fluid) heated by waste heat energy of an internal combustion engine through an expander.
By driving the generator with this power, the waste heat energy can be recovered as electric power.

There are many examples of using cooling water that has cooled the internal combustion engine as waste heat energy of the internal combustion engine.
Therefore, in the waste heat recovery apparatus, cooling water is introduced from the cooling water circuit of the internal combustion engine into the evaporator of the waste heat recovery apparatus.
The cooling water introduced into the evaporator exchanges heat with the working fluid of the waste heat recovery device in the evaporator and returns to the cooling water circuit again.
Therefore, the waste heat recovery device is configured by a plurality of devices in order to take out the thermal energy stored in the working fluid as power.
Mounting these devices on a vehicle is disadvantageous from the standpoint of mountability and cost.
A technique for solving such a situation is disclosed in Patent Document 1.

  According to Patent Document 1, it is a waste heat recovery device in which a working fluid circulates, and includes a pump that pumps the working fluid, an expander that expands the working fluid, a pump as a motor, and an expander that serves as a generator. It is an integrated unit configured by connecting a load machine that generates power using motive power. A barrier wall is provided between the expander and the pump, and the expander is connected via the barrier wall. The working fluid expanded by the pump and the working fluid inside the pump are partitioned, and heat is exchanged between the working fluid inside the pump and the working fluid expanded by the expander through the blocking wall inside the integrated unit. This technique is disclosed.

  By doing so, the working fluid inside the pump and the working fluid expanded by the expander perform heat exchange inside the integrated unit, so the efficiency of the Rankine cycle circuit is not limited by cost and mountability. Can be improved.

JP 2007-138797 A

According to Patent Document 1, the efficiency of the waste heat recovery device can be improved without being restricted by the unit mounting and the cost, but the waste heat recovery device is configured by a plurality of devices. ing.
In particular, the performance of a heat exchanger such as a condenser depends on the area for heat exchange, and is required to be as large as possible in order to increase the thermal efficiency.
Therefore, the waste heat recovery apparatus as an integrated unit has a corresponding size and cannot be reduced to a size that can be easily mounted on any part of the vehicle.
Depending on the form of the vehicle, there is a problem that the vehicle cannot be installed due to restrictions or must be mounted with reduced waste heat recovery efficiency.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the technical problem, an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle including a cost reduction type waste heat recovery device that is easy to mount a waste heat recovery device and has high efficiency of recovery of waste heat recovery energy.

In order to solve this problem, the present invention is a vehicle having a cab mounted on the front portion of the vehicle,
A waste heat recovery device that recovers waste heat energy of the internal combustion engine using cooling water taken out from the internal combustion engine mounted on the vehicle;
A cooling water circulation hose that connects the internal combustion engine and the waste heat recovery device, and circulates cooling water of the internal combustion engine to the waste heat recovery device;
In the waste heat recovery apparatus, at least the condenser of the components constituting the waste heat recovery apparatus is installed on the roof of the cab, and the outside air introduction surface of the condenser is inclined upward toward the rear of the vehicle. The vehicle provided with the waste heat recovery device characterized by being provided can be provided.

According to this invention, the waste heat recovery device recovers the thermal energy contained in the cooling water of the internal combustion engine as electrical energy, and accumulates the recovered electrical energy in the battery to cover the power consumed by the vehicle. In addition, by reducing the drive of the alternator driven by the internal combustion engine, it is possible to reduce the load on the internal combustion engine and improve the running fuel consumption of the vehicle.
As for the energy that can be recovered by the waste heat recovery device, the larger the heat exchange area of the condenser, the greater the amount of heat exchange between the cooling water and the working fluid of the waste heat recovery device, and the greater the output of the waste heat recovery device.
Therefore, by installing a condenser on the roof of the cab, a condenser having a large heat exchange area can be installed, and efficient energy recovery can be performed.
Furthermore, since the outside air introduction surface of the condenser is inclined upward toward the rear of the vehicle, the air current rising along the front of the vehicle and the front surface of the cab is disturbed at the roof portion of the cab. Generation | occurrence | production can be suppressed, the driving | running | working resistance of a vehicle is reduced, and the fuel-saving effect is acquired.
In addition, by installing the condenser on the roof, it becomes easier for the traveling wind to pass through the condenser, so that the driving of the electric cooling fan attached to the condenser can be reduced or stopped, and a fuel saving effect is obtained. .

  According to this invention, it is possible to provide a vehicle equipped with a cost reduction type waste heat recovery device that is easy to mount the waste heat recovery device and has high efficiency of recovery of waste heat recovery energy.

The related figure of the waste heat recovery apparatus concerning embodiment of this invention and an engine is shown. The state figure which has arrange | positioned the condenser concerning embodiment of this invention in the cab roof is shown.

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
However, the dimensions, materials, and relative arrangements of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to specific examples unless otherwise specified. Absent.
In the present embodiment, when the direction is indicated, the left / right front / rear and the up / down direction are displayed based on the state of being seated in the driver's seat (not shown) of the right-hand drive vehicle.

FIG. 1 shows a relationship between the waste heat recovery device 3 and the engine 2.
The engine 2 that is an internal combustion engine includes an engine main body 2a, a radiator 21 that cools the cooling water R that has cooled the engine main body 2a, a cooling water passage 25 that circulates the cooling water R between the radiator 21, and the cooling water passage 25. When the temperature of the cooling water R is low, a thermostat 24 that bypasses the radiator 21, a turbocharger 26 that is driven by the exhaust gas of the engine body 2 a, and a turbocharger 26 that is disposed in front of the radiator 21 and is pressurized An intercooler 22 that cools the supplied air and a radiator fan 25 that allows outside air to pass through the intercooler 22 and the radiator 21.

The waste heat recovery device 3 includes an evaporator 31 that exchanges heat between the cooling water R introduced from the cooling water passage 25 of the engine 2 and the working fluid W that is a working medium of the waste heat recovery device 3, and the evaporator 31 performs high temperature and high pressure. An expander 32 that is rotated by the expansion force of the working fluid W and takes out the rotational force as power, a generator 37 that is coaxially connected to the expander 32 and that is extracted and generated by power, and the expander 32 The condenser 33 that cools and condenses the expanded working fluid W, the working fluid pump 34 that compresses the condensed working fluid W and pumps it to the evaporator 31, and circulates the working fluid W to these devices. And a circulation path 38.
A cooling fan 35 sends outside air to the condenser 33 and promotes condensation of the working fluid W.

The evaporator 31 is introduced into the cooling water R via a cooling water circulation hose 36 (36a, 36b) that circulates the cooling water R by connecting the engine 2 side and the waste heat recovery device 3 side. .
The cooling water circulation hose 36 includes an upstream circulation hose 36 a that connects the upstream water path 25 a of the cooling water path 25 from which the cooling water R flows out of the engine body 2 a and the cooling water inlet of the evaporator 31, and cooling of the evaporator 31. The water outlet is connected to a downstream water passage 25b which is the cooling water inlet side of the engine body 2a of the cooling water passage 25, and a downstream circulation hose 36b which returns the cooling water R to the cooling water passage 25.

FIG. 2 shows a state diagram in which the condenser according to the embodiment of the present invention is arranged in the cab roof, and shows a side view of the front portion of the vehicle.
In the present embodiment, a description will be given of a vehicle 100 that is a cab-over type truck and on which the body of the body 1B is mounted.
A chassis frame 10 serving as a base of the vehicle 100 is provided with a cab-over type cab 1 serving as a driver's cab at the vehicle front portion of the chassis frame 10.
An engine body 2 a is mounted on the lower side of the floor 14 of the cab 1.
A radiator 21 is disposed on the front side of the engine body 2a, and an intercooler 22 is disposed in front of the radiator 21.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a steering wheel. A passenger sits on the seat 12 and operates the steering wheel 11 to steer the front wheels 15.
A battery box 16 is disposed on the left side surface of the chassis frame 10, and the electric power generated by the waste heat recovery device 3 is used as a power source for electric devices (not shown) mounted on the vehicle 100 in the battery box 16. A battery 16a is stored.
Reference numeral 17 denotes a side guard which guards a pedestrian, a bicycle, and the like between the front wheel 14 and the rear wheel 15 (not shown), and is attached to a commercial vehicle.

A box-shaped bun body 1B higher than the cab roof 1R is mounted on the rear side of the cab 1.

A waste heat recovery device 3 is disposed in the cab roof 1R.
As described above, the waste heat recovery device 3 includes the evaporator 31, the expander 32, the condenser 33 (including the cooling fan 35), the working fluid pump 34, the circulation path 38, and these devices connected to each other. Is provided with a circulation path 38.
A power generator 37 connected to the expander 32 is attached to the expander 32.

The condenser 33 has the surface on the outside air introduction side facing upward, the front side is fixed to the front end edge of the cab 1, the rear side extends to the rear end of the cab roof 1R, and is inclined upward. It is.
Then, both end portions in the vehicle width direction of the condenser 33 are closed by cover members 39, 39 suspended from the both end portions in the vehicle width direction to the cab roof 1R.
In the present embodiment, the condenser 33 extends in the vehicle width direction to the vicinity of the edge of the cab roof 1R in the vehicle width direction.
In other words, the condenser 33, the cover members 39, 39 and the cab roof 1R disposed at both ends of the condenser 33 form a rectangular closed cross-sectional structure.

Further, in the present embodiment, the condenser 33 is inclined so that the height of the rear end edge of the condenser 33 and the upper surface of the box-shaped bunbody 1B is substantially the same, and the condenser 33 and the vehicle width direction A gap m through which air that has cooled the condenser 33 is sucked out is provided between the rear end edge of the cover members 39, 39 at both end edges of the front end and the front end edge of the body 1B.
This is due to the difference between the width of the cab 1 and the width of the box-shaped body 1B on the side of the vehicle, and the bent shape of the rear edge of the condenser 33 and the front edge of the body 1B. A lean portion is generated by the traveling flow, and air in the space 50 surrounded by the condenser 33, the cover members 39 and 39, and the cab roof 1R is sucked out from the gap m to the lean portion.
Therefore, while the vehicle 100 is traveling, the space 50 is naturally ventilated, and power consumption can be reduced by stopping the cooling fan 35 or decelerating the fan drive.
Reference numeral 39a denotes a shielding member which has an opening hole with the outer peripheral portion of the cooling fan 35 as a limit, and closes a portion surrounded by the cover members 39 and 39 and the cab roof 1R.
The shielding member 39 a is provided to allow air to pass through the condenser 33 without sucking air from the outer periphery of the cooling fan 35 when the cooling fan 35 is operated.

In the case of the present embodiment, other devices of the waste heat recovery device 3, that is, the evaporator 31, the expander 32, and the working fluid pump 34, the circulation path 38 for circulating the working fluid W to these devices, A generator 37 directly connected to the expander 32 was housed in a package 3a and integrated.
The integrated package 3 a was stored in the space 50.
The package 3a is placed along the cab roof 1R so as not to disturb the flow of the air that has cooled the condenser 33.
And the evaporator 31 and the engine 2 are connected by the cooling water circulation hose 36, and the cooling water which cooled the engine main body 2a is made to circulate through the evaporator 31. FIG.
Since the devices other than the condenser of the waste heat recovery device 3 are accommodated in the package 3a and placed on the cab roof 1R, the installation work is simplified and the cost can be reduced.

In the cooling water circulation hose 36 (36a, 36b), a heat insulating member, which is a heat insulating treatment, is wound around the outer periphery of the hose in order to keep the cooling water R flowing through the hose.
As a heat insulation treatment, a method of winding glass fiber or a member equivalent thereto, or a member constituting a hose may have a heat insulating property.
In the present embodiment, the power extracted by the expander 32 is generated by the generator 37 and supplied to the electric devices mounted on the vehicle 100, and the surplus is charged to the battery 16a. The rotational power may be connected to another device.

In this way, the waste heat recovery device recovers the thermal energy contained in the cooling water of the internal combustion engine as electrical energy, and accumulates the recovered electrical energy in the battery to cover the power consumed by the vehicle 100. Therefore, by reducing the drive of the alternator driven by the engine 2, the load on the engine 2 is reduced and the driving fuel consumption of the vehicle 100 is improved.
Since the heat exchange area of the condenser 33 can be increased, the amount of heat recovered from the cooling water R in the evaporator 31 increases as the cooling capacity of the working fluid W in the condenser 33 increases, and the waste heat recovery apparatus 3 Performance can be improved.
Further, since the air intake surface of the condenser 33 is inclined upward from the front edge toward the rear, the running flow smoothly flows from the air intake surface of the condenser 33 along the upper surface of the body 1B. Driving resistance is reduced, and driving fuel consumption is improved.
In the case of the present embodiment, the waste heat recovery device 3 is disposed in the space formed above the cab roof 1R, so that the waste heat recovery device 3 is mounted on a truck on which various mounts are mounted. Correspondence becomes possible.

  It can be used in vehicles equipped with a waste heat recovery device that uses a Rankine cycle circuit.

1 cab 1R cab roof (roof)
2 Engine (Internal combustion engine)
2a Engine body 3 Waste heat recovery device 3a Package 10 Chassis frame 11 Steering wheel 12 Seat 16 Battery box 16a Battery 21 Radiator 25 Cooling water path 31 Evaporator 32 Expander 33 Condenser 34 Working fluid pump 36 Cooling water circulation hose 38 Circulation path 37 Power generation Machine 50 Space 100 Vehicle R Cooling water W Working fluid

Claims (1)

A vehicle with a cab mounted on the front of the vehicle,
A waste heat recovery device that recovers waste heat energy of the internal combustion engine using cooling water taken out from the internal combustion engine mounted on the vehicle;
A cooling water circulation hose that connects the internal combustion engine and the waste heat recovery device, and circulates cooling water of the internal combustion engine to the waste heat recovery device;
In the waste heat recovery apparatus, at least the condenser of the components constituting the waste heat recovery apparatus is installed on the roof of the cab, and the outside air introduction surface of the condenser is inclined upward toward the rear of the vehicle. A vehicle equipped with a waste heat recovery device.

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