JP2015076906A - Dynamo-electric machine - Google Patents
Dynamo-electric machine Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015076906A JP2015076906A JP2013209790A JP2013209790A JP2015076906A JP 2015076906 A JP2015076906 A JP 2015076906A JP 2013209790 A JP2013209790 A JP 2013209790A JP 2013209790 A JP2013209790 A JP 2013209790A JP 2015076906 A JP2015076906 A JP 2015076906A
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 55
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は電動機、発電機、誘導機などの回転電機に関するものであり、特に、高周波成分を有する電圧で駆動され、固定子コイルと固定子鉄心間に半導電性材料を介在させた回転電機を対象とする。 The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine such as an electric motor, a generator, and an induction machine, and more particularly, to a rotating electrical machine driven by a voltage having a high frequency component and having a semiconductive material interposed between a stator coil and a stator core. set to target.
省エネの観点から、近年、インバータ等半導体スイッチング素子を用いた駆動回路により回転電機を複雑に制御することが多くなってきている。しかし、半導電性スイッチング素子を用いると素子のスイッチング時に急峻なサージ電圧が発生することが知られている。半導体スイッチング素子の開発に伴い、半導体スイッチング素子から発生するサージ電圧は高電圧化，急峻化する傾向にある。 From the viewpoint of energy saving, in recent years, a rotating electrical machine is often controlled in a complicated manner by a drive circuit using a semiconductor switching element such as an inverter. However, it is known that when a semiconductive switching element is used, a steep surge voltage is generated when the element is switched. With the development of semiconductor switching elements, surge voltages generated from semiconductor switching elements tend to be higher and sharper.
定格電圧が数キロボルト級の高圧回転電機は、バー状の素線を複数本纏めて素固めし、素線束表層にマイカを主とする絶縁層、およびの半導電性の低抵抗コロナシールド層を順に巻回した型巻絶縁コイルが、半導電層を塗布した絶縁紙（スロットライナを含む）で袋巻状に包まれて、固定子鉄心のスロット内に配置される構成が主となっている。コイル脱落防止のため、スロット開口部はウェッジ絶縁性の楔等で封止されている。 A high-voltage rotating electrical machine with a rated voltage of several kilovolts is a high-voltage rotating electrical machine that bundles multiple bar-shaped wires together, and has an insulating layer mainly composed of mica on the surface of the wire bundle and a semiconductive low-resistance corona shield layer. The main feature is that the die-wrapped insulating coil wound in order is wrapped in an insulating paper (including a slot liner) coated with a semiconductive layer in a bag shape and placed in a slot of the stator core. . In order to prevent the coil from falling off, the slot opening is sealed with a wedge insulating wedge or the like.
高圧回転電機では、固定子コイルと対地間における絶縁を主絶縁層が担っており、固定子コイル表面から固定子鉄心にかけて同電位となるように、固定子コイル表層には半導電性材料が施され、さらに半導電層を塗布した絶縁紙を介在させて、固定子コイルから固定子鉄心間を嵌着している。たとえば、特許文献１では、固定子コイル表層の半導電性材料の一部分に接地電位層を設け、同電位構造に対する信頼性を向上させている。 In a high-voltage rotating electrical machine, the main insulation layer is responsible for insulation between the stator coil and the ground, and a semiconductive material is applied to the stator coil surface layer so that the same potential is applied from the stator coil surface to the stator core. Further, an insulating paper coated with a semiconductive layer is interposed between the stator coil and the stator core. For example, in Patent Document 1, a ground potential layer is provided on a part of the semiconductive material on the surface of the stator coil to improve the reliability of the same potential structure.
回転電機には、一般的に電源から印加される高周波成分を有する駆動電圧に、高周波電源、ケーブル、及び回転電機の特性インピーダンスの違いに伴い発生する高周波サージ電圧が重畳した電圧が入力される。その結果、回転電機には駆動電圧よりも高い入力電圧（最大で駆動電圧の２倍）が印加される。 A voltage obtained by superimposing a high-frequency surge voltage generated in accordance with a difference in characteristic impedance between a high-frequency power source, a cable, and the rotating electric machine is input to the rotating electric machine, which is generally a driving voltage having a high-frequency component applied from a power source. As a result, an input voltage higher than the drive voltage (up to twice the drive voltage) is applied to the rotating electrical machine.
従来の回転電機は、高周波の駆動電圧が比較的小さいため、サージ電圧が重畳された場合であっても、入力電圧は低く抑えられていた。また、入力電圧の立上り及び立下り時の過渡時間も比較的緩やかであったため、型巻絶縁コイルに施された半導電性の低抵抗コロナシールド層や(半導電層を塗布した)絶縁紙の電気的接触の不均一性による部分接触箇所での局所的な充電電流密度は低く抑えられ、低抵抗コロナシールド層や絶縁紙を熱劣化させる問題は生じなかった。 Since the conventional rotating electrical machine has a relatively high frequency driving voltage, the input voltage is kept low even when a surge voltage is superimposed. In addition, since the transition time at the rise and fall of the input voltage was relatively gradual, the semiconductive low resistance corona shield layer applied to the die wound insulation coil and the insulating paper (coated with a semiconductive layer) were used. The local charge current density at the partial contact location due to the non-uniformity of the electrical contact was kept low, and there was no problem of thermal degradation of the low resistance corona shield layer and insulating paper.
ところが、近年、高周波電源用のスイッチング素子の高耐圧化及び高速化に基づく回転電機の高電圧化、更には低損失化が進められるようになり、サージ電圧が重畳された高周波の過大な入力電圧が、回転電機に印加されるようになった結果、従来の回転電機に比べて絶縁協調の重要性が増すと共に、短時間での急激な電圧変化により、低抵抗コロナシールド層と(半導電層を塗布した)絶縁紙との部分接触箇所において、局所的に充電電流密度が増加し加熱され、低抵抗コロナシールド層や絶縁紙の熱劣化し、さらには焼損発生が懸念されるようになった。 However, in recent years, higher voltage and higher loss of rotating electrical machines have been promoted based on higher withstand voltage and higher speed of switching elements for high frequency power supplies, and excessive high frequency input voltage with surge voltage superimposed. As a result, the importance of insulation coordination is increased compared to conventional rotating electrical machines, and a low-resistance corona shield layer and a semiconductive layer are At the point of partial contact with insulating paper), the charging current density increased locally and it was heated, causing thermal degradation of the low-resistance corona shield layer and insulating paper, and further concern about the occurrence of burning. .
高圧型の回転電機では半導電性の低抵抗コロナシールド層、および(半導電層を塗布した)絶縁紙を経由して、固定子コイルから固定子鉄心間に充電電流を流す構造である。これらの半導電性材料において、過度の電流集中によって局所的なジュール損による劣化を発生させないように、均一で良好な接触状態を形成させる必要がある。 The high-voltage type rotating electrical machine has a structure in which a charging current is passed between the stator coil and the stator core via a semiconductive low-resistance corona shield layer and insulating paper (coated with a semiconductive layer). In these semiconductive materials, it is necessary to form a uniform and good contact state so that deterioration due to local Joule loss does not occur due to excessive current concentration.
その一方で、コイルとコア（スロット）の熱膨張の差によってこれらに付随する要素に対し熱応力が生じる。たとえば、コイル側に接着した絶縁紙とコア（スロット）側に接着した絶縁紙が存在し、その両者が接着されている場合に応力が生じ、一定以上の応力が掛かると剥離を生じてしまう。剥離を防止するには、絶縁紙間に適切なすべりを設ける必要がある。 On the other hand, thermal stress is generated on the elements associated with the difference in thermal expansion between the coil and the core (slot). For example, there is an insulating paper bonded to the coil side and an insulating paper bonded to the core (slot) side, and stress is generated when both are bonded, and peeling occurs when stress above a certain level is applied. In order to prevent peeling, it is necessary to provide an appropriate slip between the insulating papers.
本発明は上述の点に鑑みなされたもので、その目的とするところは、高耐圧化及び高速化するスイッチング素子を用いた電源から印加される駆動電圧に、サージ電圧が重畳した高周波・高電圧が回転電機に入力される場合であっても、簡単な手段によって固定子鉄心のスロットの開口面(ウエッジ下面)、およびスロットの底面に介在する低抵抗コロナシールド層や(半導電層を塗布した)絶縁紙の劣化、焼損を防止することにある。と同時に、コイルとコア（スロット）の熱膨張の差により生じる応力によって剥離などを生じない回転電機を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described points, and its object is to provide a high frequency / high voltage in which a surge voltage is superimposed on a drive voltage applied from a power source using a switching element that achieves high breakdown voltage and high speed. Is applied to the rotating electrical machine, a low-resistance corona shield layer or a semiconductive layer is applied to the opening surface of the stator core slot (lower surface of the wedge) and the bottom surface of the slot by simple means. ) To prevent deterioration and burnout of insulating paper. At the same time, an object of the present invention is to provide a rotating electrical machine that does not cause peeling due to a stress caused by a difference in thermal expansion between a coil and a core (slot).
本発明の回転電機は、上記目的を達成するために、高周波成分を有する電圧で運転され、主絶縁層の表面に低抵抗コロナシールド層を形成した固定子コイルを、固定子鉄心に形成したスロット内に絶縁紙を介して装着した回転電機において、２枚の絶縁紙を重ねて巻き、絶縁紙表面の一部もしくは全面に半導電層を設けたものである。 In order to achieve the above object, the rotating electrical machine of the present invention is a slot in which a stator coil that is operated at a voltage having a high frequency component and has a low resistance corona shield layer formed on the surface of the main insulating layer is formed on the stator core. In a rotating electric machine mounted with insulating paper inside, two insulating papers are overlapped and wound, and a semiconductive layer is provided on a part or the entire surface of the insulating paper.
上記のように構成することで、漏れ電流の集中による熱劣化および焼損を防止しつつ、コイルとコア（スロット）の熱膨張差に起因した応力に対する剥がれを低減することが可能となる。 By configuring as described above, it is possible to reduce peeling due to stress due to a difference in thermal expansion between the coil and the core (slot) while preventing thermal deterioration and burning due to concentration of leakage current.
本発明によれば、高耐圧化及び高速化するスイッチング素子を用いた電源から印加される駆動電圧に、サージ電圧が重畳した高周波・高電圧が回転電機に入力される場合であっても、簡単な手段によって(半導電層を塗布した)絶縁紙と低抵抗コロナシールド層間の劣化を防止し得る回転電機を得ることができる。 According to the present invention, even when a high frequency / high voltage in which a surge voltage is superimposed on a drive voltage applied from a power source using a switching element that achieves high breakdown voltage and high speed is input to a rotating electrical machine, Thus, it is possible to obtain a rotating electrical machine that can prevent deterioration between insulating paper (coated with a semiconductive layer) and a low-resistance corona shield layer.
図１は回転電機の固定子４１を示す全体斜視図であり、全実施例において共通している。尚、以降の全ての図において同一符号は、同一構成部材を示す。 FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing a stator 41 of a rotating electrical machine, which is common to all the embodiments. In all the following drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same constituent members.
回転子は、通常、回転軸に支持された固定子鉄心４２と、この回転子鉄心に装着された回転子巻線とで構成される。固定子鉄心４２は複数の電磁薄鋼板を軸方向に積層して構成され、この固定子鉄心４２の内径側に、軸方向に伸延し周方向に所定間隔をもって複数形成されたスロット４と、これら複数のスロット４内に装着された固定子コイル１と、前記固定子鉄心４２の外径側を支持する固定子枠８と、この固定子枠８の軸方向両端部に固定される図示しない端板と、この端板に前記回転軸を支える図示しない軸受とから概略構成される。 The rotor is usually composed of a stator core 42 supported by a rotating shaft and a rotor winding attached to the rotor core. The stator core 42 is configured by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic thin steel plates in the axial direction, and a plurality of slots 4 that extend in the axial direction and are formed at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction on the inner diameter side of the stator core 42. A stator coil 1 mounted in a plurality of slots 4, a stator frame 8 that supports the outer diameter side of the stator core 42, and ends (not shown) fixed to both axial ends of the stator frame 8 It is comprised roughly from the board and the bearing which is not shown in figure which supports the said rotating shaft in this end plate.
以下、本発明による回転電機の第１の実施の形態である図２について説明する。 Hereinafter, FIG. 2 which is 1st Embodiment of the rotary electric machine by this invention is demonstrated.
前記固定子コイル１は、コイル導体１１と、このコイル導体１１の表面に形成された主絶縁層２から成り、また、固定子コイル１は、前記固定子鉄心４２のスロット４内に装着される直線部７Ａと、スロット４外に張出したコイルエンド部１２とから構成されている。
前記スロット４内に固定子コイル１の直線部７Ａを装着する際、上下方向に隣接する固定子コイル１間に絶縁材１１を介在し、更に、上下方向に隣接した固定子コイル１を一纏めにして(半導電層を塗布した)絶縁紙３で覆った状態で装着し、スロット４の開口側に楔１３を嵌着して固定子コイル１をスロット４内に強固に支持している。固定子コイル１のスロット４内に装着される直線部７Ａの主絶縁層２の外周には、固定子鉄心４２と固定子コイル１間を略同電位としてスロット４内部での放電を防止するために、半導電性の低抵抗コロナシールド層１４が被覆され、低抵抗コロナシールド層１４と同等以下の抵抗を有する半導電性の(半導電層を塗布した)絶縁紙３、および固定子鉄心４２と電気的に接触させている。また、固定子コイル１のコイルエンド部１２においては、低抵抗コロナシールド層（図示しない）のスロット４外に張出した端部での電界集中によって沿面放電が発生し、これによって低抵抗コロナシールドや主絶縁層２を劣化させる虞があるので、低抵抗コロナシールド層の端部を覆って、固定子鉄心４２から離れる方向に高抵抗コロナシールド層(図示しない)を被覆する場合もある。
The stator coil 1 includes a coil conductor 11 and a main insulating layer 2 formed on the surface of the coil conductor 11, and the stator coil 1 is mounted in the slot 4 of the stator core 42. The straight portion 7A and the coil end portion 12 projecting outside the slot 4 are configured.
When the linear portion 7A of the stator coil 1 is mounted in the slot 4, an insulating material 11 is interposed between the stator coils 1 adjacent in the vertical direction, and the stator coils 1 adjacent in the vertical direction are grouped together. The stator coil 1 is firmly supported in the slot 4 by attaching the wedge 13 to the opening side of the slot 4 and covering it with the insulating paper 3 (coated with a semiconductive layer). On the outer periphery of the main insulating layer 2 of the linear portion 7A mounted in the slot 4 of the stator coil 1, the stator core 42 and the stator coil 1 are set at substantially the same potential to prevent discharge inside the slot 4. Are coated with a semiconductive low resistance corona shield layer 14 and have a semiconductive (coated with a semiconductive layer) insulating paper 3 having a resistance equal to or lower than that of the low resistance corona shield layer 14, and a stator core 42. In electrical contact. Further, in the coil end portion 12 of the stator coil 1, creeping discharge is generated due to electric field concentration at the end portion of the low resistance corona shield layer (not shown) protruding outside the slot 4, and this causes a low resistance corona shield or Since the main insulating layer 2 may be deteriorated, there is a case where a high resistance corona shield layer (not shown) is covered in a direction away from the stator core 42 so as to cover the end of the low resistance corona shield layer.
このように構成された固定子コイル１が図示しない高周波電源に接続されて、電動機が駆動されるものである。上述のように固定子コイル１を構成することで、スロット４内においては、主絶縁層２と低抵抗コロナシールド層１４及び(半導電層を塗布した)絶縁紙３が、各々ほぼ全域に亘って密着して装着されている。従来の回転電機は、高周波の駆動電圧が比較的小さいため、サージ電圧が重畳された場合であっても、入力電圧は低く抑えられていた。また、入力電圧の立上り及び立下り時の過渡時間も比較的緩やかであったため、固定子コイル１の半導電性の低抵抗コロナシールド層１４と半導電層を塗布した絶縁紙３との部分接触箇所での局所的な充電電流密度は低く抑えられ、低抵抗コロナシールド層１４や半導電層を塗布した絶縁紙３を劣化、焼損させる問題は生じなかった。 The stator coil 1 configured as described above is connected to a high-frequency power source (not shown), and the electric motor is driven. By configuring the stator coil 1 as described above, the main insulating layer 2, the low resistance corona shield layer 14, and the insulating paper 3 (coated with a semiconductive layer) are spread over almost the entire area in the slot 4. It is attached closely. Since the conventional rotating electrical machine has a relatively high frequency driving voltage, the input voltage is kept low even when a surge voltage is superimposed. Further, since the transition time at the time of rising and falling of the input voltage was also relatively gradual, partial contact between the semiconductive low resistance corona shield layer 14 of the stator coil 1 and the insulating paper 3 coated with the semiconductive layer. The local charging current density at the location was kept low, and there was no problem that the insulating paper 3 coated with the low-resistance corona shield layer 14 or the semiconductive layer was deteriorated or burned.
ところが、近年、高周波電源用のスイッチング素子の高耐圧化及び高速化に基づく回転電機の高電圧化、更には低損失化が進められるようになり、サージ電圧が重畳された高周波の過大な入力電圧が、回転電機に印加されるようになった結果、従来の回転電機に比べて絶縁協調の重要性が増すと共に、短時間での急激な電圧変化により、低抵抗コロナシールド層１４や(半導電層を塗布した)絶縁紙３の部分接触箇所において、局所的に充電電流密度が増加し、低抵抗コロナシールド層１４や絶縁紙３の劣化、焼損が懸念されるようになった。
高圧型の回転電機の固定子鉄心４２の幅方向面に関しては、固定子鉄心４２が抜き打ち打ち抜き金型を用いて製作されているため寸法精度が高く、固定子コイル１と固定子鉄心４２間は略均一な接触状態を実現でき、且つ、固定子鉄心４２が電磁薄鋼板等が積層された金属材料であるために、半導電性材料のジュール損に対する熱拡散性が高く、焼損防止に対する信頼性も高い。一方、スロット４の開口面、およびスロット４の底面に関しては、固定子コイル１は楔１３による固定子コイル１の押付固定によって拘束されるため、上記幅方向面に比べて半導電性材料同士の接触状態に不均一性が生じて部分接触となり易いこと、さらにスロット４の開口面は楔１３が絶縁物であるため、固定子コイル１の半導電性層で生じたジュール損に対する熱拡散性が幅方向面に比べて低下し、焼損に陥りやすい傾向にあることがわかってきた。
However, in recent years, higher voltage and higher loss of rotating electrical machines have been promoted based on higher withstand voltage and higher speed of switching elements for high frequency power supplies, and excessive high frequency input voltage with surge voltage superimposed. However, as a result of being applied to the rotating electrical machine, the importance of the insulation coordination is increased as compared with the conventional rotating electrical machine, and the low resistance corona shield layer 14 (semiconductive) is caused by a rapid voltage change in a short time. The charging current density locally increased at the portion of the insulating paper 3 where the layer was applied, and the low resistance corona shield layer 14 and the insulating paper 3 were deteriorated and burned out.
With respect to the width direction surface of the stator core 42 of the high-voltage type rotating electric machine, the stator core 42 is manufactured using a punching die so that the dimensional accuracy is high, and the space between the stator coil 1 and the stator core 42 is high. Since a substantially uniform contact state can be realized, and the stator core 42 is a metal material in which electromagnetic thin steel sheets and the like are laminated, the thermal diffusibility to the Joule loss of the semiconductive material is high, and the reliability for preventing the burnout Is also expensive. On the other hand, with respect to the opening surface of the slot 4 and the bottom surface of the slot 4, the stator coil 1 is constrained by the pressing and fixing of the stator coil 1 by the wedge 13. The contact state is likely to cause non-uniformity, and partial contact is likely to occur. Further, since the wedge 13 is an insulator on the opening surface of the slot 4, thermal diffusibility to Joule loss generated in the semiconductive layer of the stator coil 1 is improved. It has been found that there is a tendency to be lower than the width direction surface and to be easily burned.
そこで、本実施形態１では図２に示すように前記2枚の絶縁紙３を重ねて巻き、絶縁紙３の端部はウエッジ側とし異なる絶縁紙３をウエッジ側で交互に重ねる。図２では、２枚の絶縁紙３の両面に半導電層を用いない例を示しているが、以下の実施例に示すように、用途に応じて任意の表面に半導電層を塗布する。ウエッジ下面で２枚の異なる絶縁紙３を交互に重ねているため、ウエッジ下面における異なる２枚の絶縁紙３の接触する面積はスロット断面積のおよそ３倍となる。これに対し、１枚の絶縁紙３を巻いた後に、もう１枚の別の絶縁紙３を巻く構造が存在するが、その場合はウエッジ下面での異なる２枚の絶縁紙３の接触面積はスロット断面積の１倍である。 Therefore, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the two sheets of insulating paper 3 are overlapped and wound, and the ends of the insulating paper 3 are overlapped on the wedge side, and different insulating papers 3 are alternately stacked on the wedge side. Although FIG. 2 shows an example in which the semiconductive layer is not used on both surfaces of the two insulating papers 3, as shown in the following examples, the semiconductive layer is applied to an arbitrary surface according to the application. Since two different insulating papers 3 are alternately stacked on the lower surface of the wedge, the contact area of the two different insulating papers 3 on the lower surface of the wedge is approximately three times the slot cross-sectional area. In contrast, there is a structure in which another insulating paper 3 is wound after one insulating paper 3 is wound. In this case, the contact area between two different insulating papers 3 on the lower surface of the wedge is as follows. 1 times the slot cross-sectional area.
異なる２枚の絶縁紙間のウエッジ下面での接触面積が増加すれば、点接触部に集中する電流も低減することが可能となる。これにより、絶縁紙間での漏れ電流集中による熱劣化をある程度低減することが可能である。本構造では絶縁紙間を接着していないため、コイルとコアの熱伸びに対して裕度が大きい。 If the contact area on the lower surface of the wedge between two different sheets of insulating paper increases, the current concentrated on the point contact portion can also be reduced. As a result, it is possible to reduce thermal degradation due to leakage current concentration between insulating papers to some extent. In this structure, since the insulating paper is not bonded, the tolerance to the thermal elongation of the coil and the core is large.
本項では、図２を用いて第３の実施形態について述べる。本実施の形態では、図３に示すように上記2枚の異なる絶縁紙３を重ねて巻き、固定子コイル１側の絶縁紙３Ａのコイル対向面とコア（スロット）側絶縁紙３Ｂのコア対向面に半導電層とする。半導電層同士は接着することが可能であり、これによって、主絶縁２表面からコア（スロット４）にかけて連続した漏れ電流路を形成することが可能となる。絶縁紙３の端部はウエッジ側とし異なる絶縁紙３をウエッジ側で交互に重ねる。これによってもっとも熱劣化し易いスロット４の開口面（ウエッジ側）で、異なる絶縁紙３間を接着し、その点接触をほとんど無くすことが可能となる。これにより、実施例１と比べ、当該部位での電気的抵抗をまんべんなく劇的に低減することが可能となり、局所的な漏れ電流集中による劣化を防止することが可能となる。 In this section, the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the two different insulating papers 3 are overlapped and wound so that the coil facing surface of the insulating paper 3A on the stator coil 1 side and the core of the core (slot) side insulating paper 3B face each other. A semiconductive layer is formed on the surface. The semiconductive layers can be bonded to each other, whereby a continuous leakage current path can be formed from the surface of the main insulation 2 to the core (slot 4). The ends of the insulating paper 3 are on the wedge side, and different insulating papers 3 are alternately stacked on the wedge side. This makes it possible to bond the different insulating papers 3 to each other at the opening surface (wedge side) of the slot 4 that is most likely to be thermally deteriorated, and to eliminate the point contact. Thereby, compared with Example 1, it becomes possible to reduce dramatically the electric resistance in the said part uniformly, and it becomes possible to prevent the deterioration by local leakage current concentration.
また、向かい合う2枚の絶縁紙３の対向面は半導電接着層としないことでコイル側に接着した絶縁紙３Ａとコア（スロット４）側に接着した絶縁紙３Ｂの熱応力特性を向上させることが可能となる。これはコイルとコア（スロット４）の熱膨張係数が異なるため、両者それぞれに接着した絶縁紙同士の間にも熱応力を生じるが、両絶縁紙３の接着面をウエッジ側のみとして他の部分で滑りをもたせて絶縁紙３間の剥がれを防止している。 Also, the opposing surfaces of the two insulating papers 3 facing each other are not made of a semiconductive adhesive layer, thereby improving the thermal stress characteristics of the insulating paper 3A bonded to the coil side and the insulating paper 3B bonded to the core (slot 4) side. Is possible. This is because the thermal expansion coefficients of the coil and the core (slot 4) are different, so that thermal stress is also generated between the insulating papers bonded to each other. Therefore, the insulating paper 3 is prevented from being peeled off by slipping.
以上により、熱応力および耐焼損に優れた絶縁システムを有する回転電機を提供することが可能となる。 As described above, it is possible to provide a rotating electrical machine having an insulation system excellent in thermal stress and burnout resistance.
本項では、図４を用いて第３の実施形態について述べる。本実施の形態では、図３に示すように上記2枚の絶縁紙３を重ねて巻き２枚の絶縁層の両面を半導電層としている。 In this section, the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the two sheets of insulating paper 3 are overlapped and both surfaces of the two insulating layers are made semiconductive layers.
半導電層同士は接着することが可能であり、絶縁紙３間の接触性を向上し漏れ電流の集中防止することが可能である。つまり、本構造においては主絶縁２の表面からコアに掛けて連続した漏れ電流路を形成することが可能となる。これにより、実施例１に比べ焼損は極めて生じにくくなる。 The semiconductive layers can be bonded to each other, improving the contact between the insulating papers 3 and preventing the concentration of leakage current. That is, in this structure, it is possible to form a continuous leakage current path from the surface of the main insulation 2 to the core. This makes it extremely difficult to cause burnout as compared to the first embodiment.
ここで、固定子コイル１側に接着した絶縁紙３Ａとコア（スロット４）側に接着した絶縁紙３Ｂの間に熱応力が生じる。これは、固定子コイル１とコア（スロット４）の熱膨張係数に起因するものである。本構造においては、全面的に接着しているため絶縁紙３間に掛かる応力にすべりが存在しない。つまり、絶縁紙３間の応力が弱く、電圧峻度が高い場合に適している。言い換えると、温度変化があまり大きくなく、かつ、電圧立ち上がり峻度が大きな運転環境に向いている。 Here, thermal stress is generated between the insulating paper 3A bonded to the stator coil 1 side and the insulating paper 3B bonded to the core (slot 4) side. This is due to the coefficient of thermal expansion of the stator coil 1 and the core (slot 4). In this structure, since the entire surface is bonded, there is no slip in the stress applied between the insulating papers 3. That is, it is suitable when the stress between the insulating papers 3 is weak and the voltage steepness is high. In other words, it is suitable for an operating environment in which the temperature change is not so large and the voltage rise steepness is large.
本項では、図５を用いて第２の実施形態について述べる。半導電層の構成は
、実施例３と同様としている。本実施例では、固定子コイル１側の絶縁紙３Ａのウエッジ下面に曲げ３９を設けている。これにより、２枚の絶縁紙３に熱応力が掛かった場合に、この曲げ部が伸縮することによって熱応力を吸収し剥離が生じにくくなる。
In this section, the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The configuration of the semiconductive layer is the same as that in Example 3. In this embodiment, a bend 39 is provided on the lower surface of the wedge of the insulating paper 3A on the stator coil 1 side. As a result, when thermal stress is applied to the two sheets of insulating paper 3, the bending portion expands and contracts to absorb the thermal stress and hardly cause separation.
以上の各説明は、回転電機として電動機を一例に説明したが、電動機に限らずタービン発電機やガスタービン発電機などの発電機にも適用できるのは勿論である。 Each of the above explanations has been given by taking an electric motor as an example of a rotating electric machine, but it is needless to say that the present invention can be applied not only to an electric motor but also to a generator such as a turbine generator or a gas turbine generator.
１…固定子コイル、２…主絶縁(層)、３…(半導電層を塗布した)絶縁紙、３９…曲げ、４…スロット、４１…固定子、４２…固定子鉄心、７Ａ…直線部、８…固定子枠、１１…コイル導体、１２…コイルエンド部、１３…楔、１４…低抵抗コロナシールド層、１５…高抵抗コロナシールド層、１６、１６ａ、１６ｂ、１７、１７ａ、１７ｂ、１８、１８ａ、１８ｂ…充電電流抑止層、１９…保護シート、２０…絶縁基材。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Stator coil, 2 ... Main insulation (layer), 3 ... Insulating paper (the semiconductive layer was apply | coated), 39 ... Bending, 4 ... Slot, 41 ... Stator, 42 ... Stator core, 7A ... Linear part 8 ... Stator frame, 11 ... Coil conductor, 12 ... Coil end, 13 ... Wedge, 14 ... Low resistance corona shield layer, 15 ... High resistance corona shield layer, 16, 16a, 16b, 17, 17a, 17b, 18, 18a, 18b ... charging current suppression layer, 19 ... protective sheet, 20 ... insulating substrate.
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| US11901786B2 (en) | 2021-02-10 | 2024-02-13 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Stator for an electric machine having insulation paper for a stator winding |
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| DE102018203331A1 (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2019-09-12 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | A slot insulation paper for enclosing winding wire is inserted into a winding groove of a winding core of an electric motor, winding core and winding method for such a winding core |
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