JP2015047633A - Anode flush prevention method and pneumatic piping for drying anode casting mold for anode flush prevention - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an anode flush prevention method using pneumatic piping for drying a casting mold for anode flush prevention of easy maintenance.SOLUTION: An anode flush prevention method for preventing an anode flush by drying an anode casting mold with air during an anode manufacturing process of copper refining is characterized in that U-shaped piping formed of a pair of arm parts and a body part that couples the pair of arm parts and pneumatic piping for drying the anode casting mold which is equipped with blow-out holes respectively at the tips of the pair of arm parts and constituted of at least one air-receiving connection end provided in the body part are used to attach the pneumatic piping for drying the anode casting mold with the body part located just on a casting face top part of the casting mold and the pair of arms attached along the top of side face wall so that air from the blow-out holes strikes a mold-release agent accumulated on a side face wall bottom by running along a side face wal of the casting face of the anode casting mold, thereby striking the mold-release agent accumulated by the air blown out of the blow-out holes.

Description

  The present invention relates to an equipment and method for preventing anode casting in an anode manufacturing process in copper smelting, and particularly relates to an anode mold drying air pipe suitable for prevention of casting and an anode using the air pipe. The present invention relates to a casting prevention method.

  The anode produced from the dry smelting process of copper smelting is made after the raw materials such as copper concentrate are processed in turn in the smelting furnace, converter and refining furnace to raise the copper quality to 99% (hereinafter referred to as refined crude copper). And obtained by casting in the anode manufacturing process.

  This anode manufacturing process is performed using equipment comprising a dredge equipment for casting an anode, a turntable on which a mold is placed, an anode stripping equipment, and the like. First, about 30 anode molds (hereinafter simply referred to as molds) made of refined crude copper or the like are placed on the turntable along the circumference of the turntable. Next, the mold is moved while rotating the turntable. While the turntable is rotated once, the mold release agent is sprayed to smoothly peel the cast anode from the mold, the mold is dried, and the refined crude copper is cast. (Hereinafter, the cast refined copper is referred to as an anode.) The anode is produced through the steps of cooling the cast anode and stripping the cooled anode.

This anode manufacturing process will be described in more detail along the casting flow shown in FIG.
The refined crude copper discharged from the refining furnace at a constant rate is first a reservoir for storing a certain amount of refined crude copper, then a weighing trough for adding approximately 1 anode weight of refined crude copper to the reservoir mold, and finally It flows in the order of the mold.
After the refined crude copper is poured into the mold, it is moved into a cooling hood to which a nozzle for spraying cooling water is attached by rotation of the turntable. In this cooling hood, cooling water is sprinkled from purified nozzles on the purified crude copper to solidify the anode. In the cooling hood, the mold is also cooled together.

The solidified anode is pushed up little by little by the anode push-up pin provided in the center of the mold as the turntable rotates, and is peeled off from the anode ear part little by little.
The anode ear is lifted from the mold by the anode push-up pin, and the anode placed obliquely on the mold is peeled off by an anode stripper and immersed in a cooling tank filled with water. After the anode is sufficiently cooled in the cooling tank, the anode is pulled up from the cooling tank by a certain number and carried to the next electrolysis process by a forklift or the like.

On the other hand, before casting the next refined crude copper into the mold after stripping the anode, in order to make it easier to strip the anode from the mold, a mold release agent such as clay is used with water. The molten material is sprayed on the inner surface of the mold and dried. Thereafter, a cycle in which purified crude copper is cast into the mold again is repeated.
In general, in the anode manufacturing process, 300 to 600 tons of refined crude copper to be processed at a time in a batch operation refining furnace is cast on the anode over several hours to several tens of hours by repeating this cycle. Also, maintenance such as mold inspection is performed between castings.

The anode obtained in this anode manufacturing process is sent to the next electrolysis process to become electrolytic copper having a purity of 99.99%.
In this electrolysis process, the quality of the anode shape greatly affects the frequency of troubles in the electrolysis process.
In particular,
(1) “Casting” in which “fins” are formed along the edge of the anode on the melt surface side when the molten metal scatters or undulates during casting of the anode.
(2) A “picture frame” in which the molten metal surface rises in a streak shape along the edge of the molten metal surface side of the anode, as the molten metal surface undulates during casting of the anode.
(3) “Thickness defect” in which the thickness of the anode is not uniform when the mold is not horizontal.
Is mentioned.

If these “defects” are present, troubles such as occurrence of a short circuit in which the anode and the cathode come into contact with each other are caused in the electrolysis process. Therefore, an anode having no “casting”, “picture frame”, and “thickness defect” is required.
The “picture frame” can be substantially suppressed by adjusting the shape of the measuring rod at the time of casting the anode and the casting speed of the refined rough copper against the above three anode defects. Further, “thickness defects” can be almost prevented by performing a horizontal inspection of the mold between the operations of the anode casting.

  However, the “casting” as shown in FIG. 2, which is a diagram showing an outline of the casting generated at the outer edge of the anode, is mainly a mold release agent that is sprayed on the mold in order to smoothly peel the anode from the mold. This is because the water is deposited by repeating casting and the moisture contained in the deposited release agent remains at the next casting.

  That is, this moisture is evaporated by the heat of the mold itself in a high temperature state until the refined crude copper is cast again, but a part of it remains in the release agent, and the remaining moisture is newly poured. When it comes into contact with the refined crude copper, the refined crude copper quickly springs up. As a result of this springing up, the refined crude copper scatters, and the splattered refined copper adheres to the outer edge of the mold, thereby causing casting of the anode. It was difficult to suppress the occurrence of such anode casting.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a technique related to an anode mold drying apparatus characterized by providing a pipe for supplying exhaust heat generated when cooling refined crude copper cast into a mold into the mold. ing. However, with this technology, it is necessary to provide equipment for recovering the exhaust heat and piping for supplying the exhaust heat recovered to each mold, which requires very complicated equipment and requires troublesome maintenance. It was.

In particular, since the casting mold is repeatedly cycled through casting, cooling, and anode stripping, it is very painful and is frequently replaced. This mold is often made by itself in the anode manufacturing factory, and providing a pipe for supplying exhaust heat to the mold takes a lot of trouble for maintenance.
Accordingly, there has been a demand for an anode mold drying air pipe for preventing anode casting that is easy to maintain and an anode casting prevention method using the same.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-153854

  An object of the present invention is to provide an anode casting prevention method using a mold drying air pipe for preventing anode casting that is easy to maintain.

  In view of such a situation, the first invention of the present invention is an anode casting prevention method for preventing anode casting by drying the anode mold using air in a copper smelting anode manufacturing process. A U-shaped pipe composed of a pair of arm portions 1A and a body portion 1B for connecting the pair of arm portions, and a blowout hole 2 at the tip of the pair of arm portions 1A. And the air blown from the blowout hole 2 is the side of the casting surface of the anode mold using an anode mold drying air pipe composed of at least one air receiving connection end 3 provided in the body portion 1B. The fuselage part 1B is directly above the top of the casting surface of the anode mold so that it flows along the wall and hits the release agent deposited on the bottom of the side wall of the casting surface of the anode mold. And a pair of arms 1A Attached along the edge of the side wall, the air sent from the connection end 3 is blown out from the blowing hole 2 and applied to the release agent deposited on the bottom of the side wall of the casting surface of the anode mold. This is an anode casting prevention method.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an anode casting prevention method characterized in that the air pipe for drying an anode mold according to the first aspect is attached at a height of 50 to 300 mm immediately above the anode mold. .

  In the third invention of the present invention, the distance between the blowing hole 2 in the first and second inventions and the release agent deposited on the bottom of the side wall of the casting surface of the anode mold is a linear distance of 200 to 1000 mm. Thus, the anode casting drying prevention method is characterized in that an anode mold drying air pipe is arranged.

  A fourth invention of the present invention is an anode casting prevention method characterized in that at least a part of the body portion 1B in the first to third inventions is a serpentine tube.

  A fifth invention of the present invention is an anode mold drying air pipe used to prevent anode casting by drying an anode mold using air in a copper smelting anode manufacturing process. A U-shaped pipe made up of a pair of arm portions 1A and a body portion 1B connecting the pair of arm portions, and a blowout hole 2 at each end of the pair of arm portions 1A, and a body portion 1B The anode mold drying air pipe is characterized in that it is composed of at least one air receiving connection end 3 provided in the air pipe.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the mold drying air piping for anode casting prevention with easy maintenance, and the anode casting prevention method using the same can be provided.

It is a casting flow in anode manufacture. It is the schematic of the casting produced in an anode outer edge part, (a) Front view, (b) Side view. It is a casting flow after introduction of the air pipe for anode mold drying of the present invention. It is the schematic which shows an example of the air piping for anode mold drying of this invention, (a) Left side view, (b) Front view, (c) Right side view. It is a positional relationship figure of a casting_mold | template and the anode piping drying air piping, (a) Top view, (b) Front view.

First, in the process of mold drying using air in the anode manufacturing process of copper smelting, the moisture contained in the accumulated mold release agent, which is the cause of “casting”, is why it is separated from the bottom of the side wall of the mold casting surface. A description will be given of whether the mold is deposited and whether moisture remains in the deposited release agent.
The anode is manufactured in a cycle of spraying the mold release agent onto the mold, drying the sprayed mold release agent, pouring purified crude copper into the mold, cooling the poured refined crude copper, and stripping the anode. .
Most of the release agent used in the manufacturing process adheres to the anode when the anode is peeled off. However, the release agent tends to remain in the mold at the end of the anode, in particular, at the lower ends of the left and right sides of the anode that are finally separated from the mold. For this reason, by repeating the casting cycle, the release agent is deposited on the bottom of the side wall of the casting surface of the mold.

Of the moisture contained in the deposited release agent, the moisture contained in the release agent deposition layer close to the mold surface (hereinafter simply referred to as the deposition layer) is easy to evaporate. The moisture contained in the deposited layer is difficult to evaporate because it is away from the mold surface, which is a heat source, and the deposited layer near the mold surface becomes a heat insulating layer.
Furthermore, in the process in which the purified crude copper poured in the above-described cycle is cooled, the mold is also cooled together, but the mold periphery is easy to cool and the mold center is difficult to cool. For this reason, the temperature at the mold center is high, while the temperature at the mold periphery is low.

  Therefore, by repeating the above cycle and spraying the mold release agent dissolved in water on the mold where the mold release agent is deposited on the bottom of the side wall of the mold casting surface, The water in which the release agent was dissolved evaporates completely. However, at the lower temperature part around the mold, specifically at the left and right lower ends of the mold casting surface, the water that has dissolved the mold release agent is sprayed on the mold and then absorbed by the mold release agent that has accumulated. After that, a part of this water remains in the release agent deposited without evaporating.

Next, evaporating water remaining in the mold release agent deposited on the bottom of the side wall of the mold casting surface will be described.
In the anode casting prevention method of the present invention, the anode mold drying air pipe to be used has a form as shown in FIG.
4A and 4B are schematic views showing an example of the anode mold drying air pipe of the present invention. FIG. 4A is a left side view, FIG. 4B is a front view, and FIG. 4C is a right side view. In FIG. 4, 1 is an anode mold drying air pipe, 1A is a U-shaped arm portion, 1B is a U-shaped body portion, 2 is a blowing hole, and 3 is a connection end.

5A and 5B are views showing the positional relationship between the anode mold and the anode mold drying air pipe 1 of FIG. 4, wherein FIG. 5A is a plan view and FIG. 5B is a front view.
In FIG. 5, 1 is an anode mold drying air pipe, 2 is an air blowing hole provided at the end of the U-shaped arm part, 3 is a connection end, 10 is a mold, and 11 is an anode push-up pin. , 20 mold casting surface, a ₁ is drying air, air for drying from a ₂ is blow openings, R is the release agent.

In the present invention, the U-shaped anode mold drying air pipe 1 having a U-shaped configuration shown in FIG. 4 is formed along the top and side wall edges of the casting surface of the mold 10 as shown in FIG. Attach to the distance.
By attaching in this way, the anode mold drying air pipe 1 efficiently receives radiant heat from the mold 10 and is heated. Next, the heated air pipe 1 transfers heat to the air flowing through the pipe by heat conduction and radiant heat transfer. Due to this heat transfer, the air in the air pipe becomes hot.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5, with respect to the release agent R deposited on the left and right lower ends of the mold casting surface, the end of the U-shaped arm portion in the U-shaped shape according to the present invention. The air pipe 1 according to the present invention, each having a blowout hole 2, is used to flow high-temperature air from the blowout hole 2 along the side wall of the casting mold surface, and then the bottom of the side wall of the casting mold surface. Hot air is blown out so as to hit the release agent R deposited on the surface. Thus, by flowing along the side wall of the mold casting surface, it is possible to efficiently hit the mold release agent R deposited on the bottom of the side wall of the mold casting surface without diffusing high-temperature air.

  Air is supplied to the U-shaped air pipe 1 from one or more connection terminals 3 for receiving air provided in the air pipe 1. Further, at least the air blowing holes 2 only need to be provided with the air blowing holes 2 in the U-shaped arms of the air pipe 1, respectively.

The size of the blowout hole 2 provided in the U-shaped arm 1A will be described. The diameter of the blowout hole 2 is preferably 13 to 26 mm.
When the diameter of the blowing hole is less than 13 mm, the amount of air to be blown out is small, so that the amount of air necessary for evaporating the moisture contained in the release agent deposited on the left and right lower ends of the mold casting surface cannot be obtained. When the diameter of the blowout hole exceeds 26 mm, the air blown out from the blowout hole is greatly diffused, so that only a part of the blown air can flow along the left and right side surfaces of the mold casting surface.

Next, the pressure of the air supplied to the air pipe 1 will be described.
The pressure of the air supplied to the air pipe 1 is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.6 MPa.
When the pressure of this air is less than 0.1 MPa, since the force of the blown-out air is weak, the blown-out air does not reach the mold release agent deposited on the left and right lower ends of the mold casting surface. Moreover, when the pressure of air exceeds 0.6 MPa, the installation for producing high pressure air is needed.

According to the present invention, as described above, by applying high-temperature air to the release agent deposited on the bottom of the side wall of the mold casting surface, moisture remaining in the release agent can be evaporated. .
Therefore, when the moisture remains in the mold release agent that has accumulated, "Rapid upwelling of refined crude copper caused by contact with moisture and refined crude copper poured into the mold", "This upwelling Of the refined crude copper produced by the above-mentioned process, and “casting produced by the scattering of the refined crude copper adhering to the outer edge of the mold” can be significantly suppressed.

  The anode mold drying air pipe according to the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to maintain.

As shown in FIG. 5 (b), the anode mold drying air pipe 1 is preferably arranged at a distance H immediately above the mold 10, that is, at a height of 50 to 300 mm from the mold.
When the turntable (not shown) on which the mold 10 is mounted may vibrate when rotating when attached to a position directly below the height 50 mm above the mold 10, the anode mold drying air pipe 1 is used as the mold. 10 may be touched. In addition, when the air is blown out from the anode mold drying air pipe 1, the air blown from the casting mold is too far away from the mold and diffused when attached to a position directly above the mold 10 at a height exceeding 300 mm. Only a part of the mold can flow along the left and right side surfaces of the mold casting surface, and can be applied to the mold release agent deposited on the left and right lower ends of the mold casting surface.

Next, the distance between the air blowing hole 2 provided in the U-shaped arm portion 1A of the U-shaped air pipe and the bottom of the side wall of the casting surface of the mold (the distance L shown in FIG. 5A) The horizontal distance from the release agent R is preferably 200 to 1000 mm.
When the distance L is less than 200 mm, the release agent is deposited in the range of about 200 mm from the bottom of the side wall of the casting surface of the mold, and therefore all of the deposited release agent cannot be dried. In addition, when the distance L exceeds 1000 mm, since the distance to reach the release agent deposited on the bottom of the side wall of the casting surface of the mold is long after blowing out the air, the blown out air diffuses and blows out. As a result, only a part of the air reaches the mold release agent deposited on the bottom of the side wall of the casting surface.

Regarding the arrangement of the anode mold drying air pipe 1, it is preferable to use it horizontally with respect to the mold 10 as shown in FIG. 5, but depending on the position and amount of the remaining mold release agent, the blowing hole 2 Drying may be performed in an inclined arrangement in which the side is close to the casting surface of the mold 10 within a distance H from the mold and the U-shaped body part (1B) side of the air pipe 1 is at a high position.
Next, at least a part of the U-shaped pipe may be a serpentine tube.
The higher the temperature, the better the air blown from the anode mold drying air pipe. Therefore, in order to increase the temperature of the air in the anode mold drying air pipe as much as possible, the air flowing in the pipe is heated by heat conduction and radiant heat transfer. In order to increase the time for receiving the heat transfer, and in order to increase the time for receiving the heat transfer, it is preferable that a part of the air pipe for drying the anode mold is a serpentine tube.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail using examples.

In the U-shaped air pipe 1 shown in FIG. 5, the inner diameter of the pipe and the diameter of the two blowout holes are 13 mm, the pipe length of both U-shaped arms 1A, 1A is 1200 mm, the U-shaped A mold drying air pipe 1 having a pipe length of 1000 mm for the body part 1B was produced, and installed at a position where the distance H was 50 mm directly above the mold along the top of the mold casting surface and the side wall edge.
Of the 1000 mm pipe of the body portion 1B, 400 mm on the left and right sides were made into serpentine tubes (not shown in FIG. 5).

The deposited release agent was at the bottom of the side wall of the mold, and the outlet 2 of the pipe was positioned at a distance L of 200 mm from the bottom of the side wall of the casting surface.
The air used was supplied to the connection end 3 provided in the center of the pipe of the U-shaped body portion 1B. The pressure of the supplied air was 0.1 MPa.
The anode casting operation was performed under the above conditions.

  In this operation, 505 t of purified crude copper was cast as one batch of the refining furnace, and 1365 anodes were obtained. Among the anodes, there were 7 “casting” defects, and the casting defect rate was 0.5%.

  The inner diameter of the pipe, the inner diameter of the blowout hole 26 mm, the pipe length of both arms 1A of the U-shape is 400 mm, the height of the pipe is set directly above the anode mold, and the distance H is 300 mm. Was attached at a position where the distance L from the bottom of the side wall of the casting surface was 1000 mm. Moreover, it carried out similarly to Example 1 except the air pressure being 0.6 Mpa.

By this operation, 500 tons of refined crude copper was cast as one batch of the refinement furnace, and 1351 anodes were obtained.
Among the anodes, there were nine “casting” defects, and the casting defect rate was 0.7%.

(Comparative Example 1)
The inner diameter of the pipe and the inner diameter of the blowout hole are 10 mm, the pipe drying air pipe 1 having a pipe length of 1600 mm of both U-shaped arms 1A, and the pipes of both arms 1A of the mold drying air pipe are Along the left and right side edges of the mold casting surface, the body part 1B of the mold drying air pipe is placed at a position off the top of the mold, and the mounting height of this pipe is the distance directly above the mold. It installed so that H might be set to 400 mm.
Also, no serpentine was used for the piping. The blowout hole 2 of the piping was attached in a position where the distance L from the side wall bottom of the casting surface of the mold was 100 mm, and the same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the air pressure was 0.05 MPa.

In this operation, 490 t of refined crude copper was cast as one batch of the refinement furnace, and 1324 anodes were obtained.
Among the produced anodes, there were 41 “casting” defects, and the casting defect rate was 3.1%.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Anode mold drying air piping 1A (U-shaped) Arm 1B (U-shaped) Body 2 Blowout hole 3 Connection end 10 Anode mold 11 Anode raising pin 20 Mold casting surface A ₁ Drying air A ₂ Drying air from blowing hole 2 R Release agent H Distance directly above mold 10 of anode drying air pipe 1 L Distance from blowing hole 2 to bottom of side of casting surface of mold (horizontal distance with release agent)

Claims (5)

An anode casting prevention method for preventing anode casting by drying an anode mold using air in an anode manufacturing process of copper smelting,
A pair of arm parts 1A in a U-shaped shape, a U-shaped pipe made up of a body part 1B connecting the pair of arm parts, and a blow-out hole at the tip of the pair of arm parts 1A, respectively. 2 and using at least one air receiving connection end 3 provided on the body portion 1B, the anode mold drying air pipe,
The anode blows out the air from the blowing hole 2 so as to flow along the side wall of the casting surface of the anode mold and hit the mold release agent deposited on the bottom of the side wall of the casting surface of the anode mold. A mold drying air pipe is mounted along the body part 1B directly above the casting mold top of the anode mold and the pair of arms 1A along the edge of the side wall.
An anode casting prevention method, characterized in that air sent from the connection end 3 is blown out from the blowing hole 2 and applied to a release agent deposited on the bottom of the side wall of the casting surface of the anode mold.   2. The anode casting prevention method according to claim 1, wherein the anode mold drying air pipe is attached at a height of 50 to 300 mm immediately above the anode mold.   The anode mold drying air pipe is arranged so that the distance between the blowout hole 2 and the release agent deposited on the bottom of the side wall of the casting surface of the anode mold is 200 to 1000 mm in a linear distance. The anode casting prevention method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein   The anode casting prevention method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least a part of the arm portion 1A or the body portion 1B is a serpentine tube. An air pipe for drying the anode mold used to prevent anode casting by drying the anode mold using air in the anode manufacturing process of copper smelting,
A U-shaped pipe composed of a pair of arm portions 1A in a U-shaped shape and a body portion 1B connecting the pair of arm portions;
Each of the pair of arms 1A has a blowout hole 2 at the tip thereof,
An anode mold drying air pipe characterized by comprising at least one air receiving connection end 3 provided on the body portion 1B.

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