JP2015045428A - Hot water supply device - Google Patents
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- JP2015045428A JP2015045428A JP2013175666A JP2013175666A JP2015045428A JP 2015045428 A JP2015045428 A JP 2015045428A JP 2013175666 A JP2013175666 A JP 2013175666A JP 2013175666 A JP2013175666 A JP 2013175666A JP 2015045428 A JP2015045428 A JP 2015045428A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、凍結防止機能を備えた給湯装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a hot water supply device having a freeze prevention function.
配管内の水の凍結を防止する機能を備えた給湯装置がある。たとえば、給水をヒータで瞬間的に加熱して手洗い用の水を吐出する手洗い装置において、給水の温度を監視し、通水路内が凍結すると判定した場合に、ヒータによる加熱と給水の吐出動作を自動的に行うようにしたものがある（特許文献１参照）。 There is a hot water supply device having a function of preventing freezing of water in a pipe. For example, in a hand-washing device that instantaneously heats the water supply with a heater and discharges water for hand-washing, when the temperature of the water supply is monitored and it is determined that the inside of the water passage is frozen, heating by the heater and discharge operation of the water supply are performed. There is one that is automatically performed (see Patent Document 1).
また、特許文献２には、原子力発電所の建設に際して、寒冷地で冬季に配管洗浄や運転試験等のために通水すると、夜間に凍結して機器が破損することがあるので、凍結する場所を事前に把握し、凍結する場所での水の滞留を防止したり、ヒータで凍結予防を行ったりする建設工事の管理方法が開示されている。 Further, in Patent Document 2, when a nuclear power plant is constructed, if water is passed in a cold district for winter in order to clean pipes or perform an operation test, the device may freeze at night and damage the equipment. A construction management method is disclosed in which water is retained in a freezing place and freezing prevention is performed by a heater.
寒冷地では、給湯器などの機器を倉庫で保管しているときに、該機器が十分に冷え切っている場合がある。このような冷え切った機器を現場に設置して通水すると、配管内を流れている間に水の温度が下がり、途中で凍結するという問題があった。特に、マイナス蓄熱量の大きい鍛造の部品（たとえば、電磁弁）の近くで凍結してしまう。 In cold regions, when equipment such as a water heater is stored in a warehouse, the equipment may be sufficiently cooled down. When such a cooled device is installed on the site and water is passed, there is a problem that the temperature of the water decreases while flowing in the pipe and freezes in the middle. In particular, it freezes in the vicinity of a forged part (for example, a solenoid valve) having a large negative heat storage amount.
特許文献１、２に開示の技術は、配管に通水した後の通水停止中における凍結を防止するものであり、上記の問題に対応できない。 The techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 prevent freezing during a water flow stop after water has passed through a pipe, and cannot cope with the above problem.
本発明は、上記の問題を解決しようとするものであり、冬季に設置後の最初の通水において、水が配管を流れている途中で凍結してしまう不具合を防止することのできる給湯装置を提供することを目的としている。 The present invention is intended to solve the above-described problem, and in the first water flow after installation in winter, a hot water supply device that can prevent a problem that water freezes in the middle of flowing through a pipe. It is intended to provide.
かかる目的を達成するための本発明の要旨とするところは、次の各項の発明に存する。 The gist of the present invention for achieving the object lies in the inventions of the following items.
［１］給水口から流入する水を自機の各部に流すための配管と、
前記給水口を開閉すると共に、自装置が設置されたときに初期状態で閉じている開閉部と、
前記配管に設けられたヒータと、
設置後の初回の通電時は、前記ヒータで前記配管を加熱してから前記開閉部を開く制御部と、
を有する
ことを特徴とする給湯装置。
[1] Piping for flowing water flowing from the water supply port to each part of the aircraft;
Opening and closing the water supply opening, and an opening and closing unit that is closed in the initial state when the device is installed,
A heater provided in the pipe;
At the time of the first energization after installation, the controller that opens the opening and closing unit after heating the pipe with the heater,
A hot water supply apparatus characterized by comprising:
上記発明では、寒い冬に冷え切った状態の給湯装置を設置した場合にも、設置した初期状態では開閉部は閉じているので、給水口に給水管から給水が到達しても、給水が給湯装置の内部の配管に流れて、配管の途中で凍結してしまうことはない。また、設置後の初回の通電時は、ヒータで配管を加熱してから開閉部を開くので、開閉部のところで止められていた給水が凍ったままの状態で開閉部が開いて弁体が傷ついたり、給水口から流入した給水が配管の途中で凍ったりすることが防止される。 In the above invention, even when a hot water supply device is installed in the cold winter, the opening and closing part is closed in the initial state of installation, so even if water supply reaches the water supply port from the water supply pipe, It does not flow into the piping inside the device and freeze in the middle of the piping. Also, at the first energization after installation, the opening and closing part is opened after heating the pipe with the heater, so the opening and closing part opens with the water supply stopped at the opening and closing part frozen, and the valve body is damaged. It is prevented that the water supplied from the water supply port freezes in the middle of the pipe.
［２］前記制御部は、設置後の初回の通電開始から所定時間が経過するまでは前記開閉部を閉じた状態に維持し、その間に前記ヒータで前記配管を加熱する
ことを特徴とする［１］に記載の給湯装置。
[2] The control unit maintains the open / close unit in a closed state until a predetermined time elapses after the first energization start after installation, and heats the pipe with the heater during the period. The hot water supply apparatus according to 1].
上記発明では、設置後の初回の通電時は、一律に、通電開始から所定時間が経過するまで開閉部を閉じた状態のままでヒータがオンにされる。ヒータをオンにする時間を、たとえば、開閉部の温度を検出して制御する場合に比べて、制御が容易で専用の温度センサも不要になる。 In the above invention, at the time of the first energization after installation, the heater is turned on uniformly with the opening / closing portion closed until a predetermined time elapses from the start of energization. The time for which the heater is turned on is easier to control and does not require a dedicated temperature sensor, for example, as compared with the case where the temperature of the opening / closing section is detected and controlled.
［３］前記制御部は、前記配管に水が入っている通常状態で前記配管内の凍結を防止するために前記ヒータをオンオフ制御し、
前記ヒータは、前記配管に水がない状態でオンにされても過熱しないものが使用される
ことを特徴とする［１］または［２］に記載の給湯装置。
[3] The control unit performs on / off control of the heater in order to prevent freezing in the pipe in a normal state where water is contained in the pipe.
The water heater according to [1] or [2], wherein the heater is a heater that does not overheat even when turned on in a state where there is no water in the pipe.
上記発明では、ヒータは、設置後の初回の通水での凍結を防止するほか、配管に水が入っている通常状態で配管内の凍結を防止するためにも使用される。すなわち、ヒータは、配管に水がある場合と無い場合の双方で使用される。そのため、配管に水がない状態（放熱量の少ない状態）でオンにされても過熱して故障しないものが使用される。 In the above invention, the heater is used not only to prevent freezing in the first water flow after installation, but also to prevent freezing in the pipe in a normal state where water is contained in the pipe. That is, the heater is used both when the pipe has water and when there is no water. For this reason, a pipe that does not break down due to overheating is used even when it is turned on in a state where there is no water in the pipe (a state where the amount of heat radiation is small).
［４］前記開閉部は、オンで開き、オフで閉じる電磁弁である
ことを特徴とする［１］乃至［３］のいずれか１つに記載の給湯装置。
[4] The hot water supply device according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the opening / closing portion is an electromagnetic valve that opens when turned on and closes when turned off.
上記発明では、開閉部に、通電がオフで閉じる電磁弁を使用すれば、自ずと、設置後の初期状態で閉じた状態が形成される。 In the above-described invention, if a solenoid valve that is closed when energization is used for the opening / closing part, a closed state is naturally formed in the initial state after installation.
［５］前記開閉部は、ギアモータを備え、該ギアモータにより開閉される
ことを特徴とする［３］に記載の給湯装置。
[5] The hot water supply apparatus according to [3], wherein the opening / closing unit includes a gear motor and is opened and closed by the gear motor.
上記発明では、開閉部のギアモータは、工場出荷時に、弁が閉じた状態の位置に設定される。初回通電後の電源オフ時に開閉部の弁を開いた状態にすることができる。 In the above invention, the gear motor of the opening / closing part is set to a position where the valve is closed at the time of factory shipment. When the power is turned off after the first energization, the opening / closing valve can be opened.
［６］前記給水口の温度を検出する温度センサを備え、
前記制御部は、設置後の初回の通電開始から前記温度センサの検出温度が所定温度に達するまでは前記開閉部を閉じた状態に維持し、その間に前記ヒータで前記配管を加熱する
ことを特徴とする［１］に記載の給湯装置。
[6] A temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the water supply port is provided,
The control unit maintains the open / close unit in a closed state until the temperature detected by the temperature sensor reaches a predetermined temperature from the first energization start after installation, and the pipe is heated by the heater during that time. The hot water supply apparatus according to [1].
上記発明では、給水口の温度により、給水口の部分で給水が凍結しているか否かを判断することができる。 In the said invention, it can be judged from the temperature of a water supply port whether the water supply is frozen in the part of a water supply port.
本発明に係る給湯装置によれば、冬季に設置後の最初の通水において、水が配管を流れている途中で凍結してしまう不具合を防止することができる。 According to the hot water supply apparatus according to the present invention, in the first water flow after installation in winter, it is possible to prevent a problem that water freezes in the middle of flowing through the pipe.
以下、図面に基づき本発明の実施の形態を説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
図１は、本発明の実施の形態に係る給湯装置１０を利用した貯湯システム３の構成を示している。貯湯システム３は、給湯装置１０と、燃料電池の排熱を回収する熱源機４と、バックアップ熱源機５とから構成される。 FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a hot water storage system 3 using a hot water supply apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The hot water storage system 3 includes a hot water supply device 10, a heat source device 4 that recovers exhaust heat of the fuel cell, and a backup heat source device 5.
給湯装置１０は、給水元から給水管６を通じて供給される給水を貯湯タンク１１に蓄え、該貯湯タンク１１内の水を、燃料電池の排熱を利用して昇温して、所定の出湯先へお湯を供給する機能を果たす。バックアップ熱源機５は、貯湯タンク１１から送り出される湯水の水温が出湯の設定温度に不足する場合に、貯湯タンク１１から出湯先へ向かう途中で湯水を設定温度まで昇温する等の機能を果たす。 The hot water supply device 10 stores the water supplied from the water supply source through the water supply pipe 6 in the hot water storage tank 11, raises the temperature of the water in the hot water storage tank 11 using the exhaust heat of the fuel cell, and supplies a predetermined hot water outlet. Serves the function of supplying hot water. The backup heat source unit 5 functions to elevate the temperature of the hot water to the set temperature on the way from the hot water storage tank 11 to the hot water destination when the temperature of the hot water sent from the hot water storage tank 11 is insufficient for the set temperature of the hot water.
ここでは、バックアップ熱源機５として、ガスを燃焼させる風呂給湯器を使用する。給湯装置１０からの湯水は風呂給湯器５の給水口に供給される。 Here, a bath water heater that burns gas is used as the backup heat source unit 5. Hot water from the hot water supply device 10 is supplied to the water supply port of the bath water heater 5.
給湯装置１０は、貯湯タンク１１から送り出される湯の温度が出湯の設定温度を越える場合は、貯湯タンク１１からの湯に給水を混合して設定温度に温度調整した湯を風呂給湯器５の給水口へ供給し、風呂給湯器５は供給された湯をそのまま出湯先へ出湯する。一方、貯湯タンク１１から送り出される湯の温度が出湯の設定温度に足りない場合は、風呂給湯器５は、バーナを燃焼させ、給湯装置１０から供給された湯を設定温度に昇温して、出湯先へ出湯する。 When the temperature of the hot water delivered from the hot water storage tank 11 exceeds the set temperature of the hot water, the hot water supply device 10 mixes the hot water from the hot water storage tank 11 with the hot water and adjusts the temperature to the set temperature. The bath water heater 5 supplies the supplied hot water to the hot water outlet as it is. On the other hand, when the temperature of the hot water sent out from the hot water storage tank 11 is less than the set temperature of the hot water, the bath water heater 5 burns the burner and raises the hot water supplied from the hot water supply device 10 to the set temperature. Take out the water to the hot spring
給湯装置１０が備える貯湯タンク１１は中空略円柱状の縦長のタンクであり、下部から給水が補充され、上部から湯を送り出すようにされている。貯湯タンク１１は、たとえば、容量１００リットル程度を有し、底から２０リットル毎の水位の箇所に、その箇所の水温を検出する温度センサを備えている。 A hot water storage tank 11 provided in the hot water supply apparatus 10 is a hollow, substantially cylindrical, vertically long tank, and is replenished with water from the bottom and pumps hot water from the top. The hot water storage tank 11 has, for example, a capacity of about 100 liters, and is provided with a temperature sensor that detects the water temperature at the water level at every 20 liters from the bottom.
給湯装置１０の給水管接続口１２には、給水元に通じた給水管６が接続される。給湯装置１０の内部には、給水管接続口１２から流入する給水を貯湯タンク１１へ送り込んだり、貯湯タンク１１の底部から取り出した水を熱源機４を経由して昇温して貯湯タンク１１の上部に戻したり、貯湯タンク１１の上部からの湯あるいは該湯と給水とを混合してバックアップ熱源機５へ送り出したり、排水したりするための各種の配管１３が配設されている。 A water supply pipe 6 leading to a water supply source is connected to the water supply pipe connection port 12 of the hot water supply apparatus 10. Inside the hot water supply device 10, water supplied from the water supply pipe connection port 12 is sent to the hot water storage tank 11, and the water taken out from the bottom of the hot water storage tank 11 is heated via the heat source unit 4 to increase the temperature of the hot water storage tank 11. Various pipes 13 are provided for returning to the upper part, mixing the hot water from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 11 or the hot water and the feed water, and sending them to the backup heat source unit 5 or draining them.
配管１３の途中には、混合器、電磁弁、逆止弁、減圧弁、ポンプ、水量センサなどが設けられている。また、配管１３の各所には、配管１３内の水の凍結を防止するためのヒータ１４や、配管１３内の水温を検出する温度センサ１５が取り付けられている。また、給湯装置１０は、雰囲気温度（外気温度）を計測する雰囲気温度センサ１６を備えている。 In the middle of the pipe 13, a mixer, a solenoid valve, a check valve, a pressure reducing valve, a pump, a water amount sensor, and the like are provided. Further, a heater 14 for preventing freezing of water in the pipe 13 and a temperature sensor 15 for detecting the water temperature in the pipe 13 are attached to various places of the pipe 13. Moreover, the hot water supply apparatus 10 includes an ambient temperature sensor 16 that measures an ambient temperature (outside temperature).
給水管接続口１２の近傍の配管１３には給水口開閉弁１８が設けてある。給水口開閉弁１８は、給水管接続口１２を実質的に開閉する機能を果たす。給水口開閉弁１８を閉状態にすると、給水管接続口１２からの給水の流入は阻止され、給水口開閉弁１８を開状態にすると、給水管接続口１２から給湯装置１０内部へ、水の流入が可能になる。 A water supply opening / closing valve 18 is provided in the pipe 13 in the vicinity of the water supply connection port 12. The water supply opening / closing valve 18 functions to substantially open and close the water supply pipe connection port 12. When the water supply opening / closing valve 18 is closed, the inflow of water from the water supply pipe connection port 12 is blocked. When the water supply opening / closing valve 18 is opened, water is supplied from the water supply pipe connection opening 12 to the hot water supply device 10. Inflow becomes possible.
一般に、給湯器などでは、設置時の初期状態や装置の電源がオフ状態のときに通水可能にされている。しかしながら、本実施の形態の給湯装置１０の給水口開閉弁１８は、給湯装置１０の設置時の初期状態（通電前）で閉じている。たとえば、給水口開閉弁１８が電磁弁の場合は、電源オフの状態で弁が閉じる構成のものが使用される。また給水口開閉弁１８がギアモータで弁を開閉させるものであれば、弁が閉じた状態に設定されて工場から出荷される。これにより設置時の初期状態では給水口開閉弁１８は閉じた状態になる。 Generally, in a water heater or the like, water can be passed when the apparatus is in an initial state when installed or when the apparatus is turned off. However, the water supply opening / closing valve 18 of the hot water supply apparatus 10 of the present embodiment is closed in the initial state (before energization) when the hot water supply apparatus 10 is installed. For example, when the water supply opening / closing valve 18 is an electromagnetic valve, a configuration in which the valve closes in a power-off state is used. If the water supply opening / closing valve 18 is a gear motor that opens and closes the valve, the valve is set in a closed state and shipped from the factory. Thereby, in the initial state at the time of installation, the water supply opening / closing valve 18 is closed.
給湯装置１０は、当該給湯装置１０の動作を制御する制御部としての機能を果たす回路基板２０を備えている。回路基板２０は、基板上にＣＰＵ（Central Processing Unit）、該ＣＰＵが実行するプログラムや固定データなどが記憶されたフラッシュＲＯＭ（Read Only Memory）、ＣＰＵがプログラムを実行する際に各種情報を一時記憶するＲＡＭ（Random Access Memory）、各種の信号を入出力するＩ／Ｆ（Interface）部、抵抗器、コンデンサなどの部品を配設して構成される。回路基板２０には、給湯装置１０が有する各種センサからの検出信号が入力される。また、回路基板２０からは各弁やその他の制御対象に対して制御信号が出力される。回路基板２０はさらに熱源機４やバックアップ熱源機５と各種の情報や指令を授受するようになっている。 The hot water supply apparatus 10 includes a circuit board 20 that functions as a control unit that controls the operation of the hot water supply apparatus 10. The circuit board 20 has a CPU (Central Processing Unit) on the board, a flash ROM (Read Only Memory) in which programs executed by the CPU and fixed data are stored, and various types of information are temporarily stored when the CPU executes the programs. RAM (Random Access Memory), I / F (Interface) section for inputting / outputting various signals, resistors, capacitors, and other components are arranged. Detection signals from various sensors included in the hot water supply apparatus 10 are input to the circuit board 20. Further, a control signal is output from the circuit board 20 to each valve and other control objects. The circuit board 20 further exchanges various information and commands with the heat source unit 4 and the backup heat source unit 5.
次に、給湯装置１０の凍結防止動作について説明する。 Next, the freeze prevention operation of the hot water supply apparatus 10 will be described.
給湯装置１０は、配管１３に水が入っている通常状態では、雰囲気温度センサ１６の検出する外気温度などから配管１３内の水が凍結するおそれがあるか否かを判断し、配管１３内が凍結しないようにヒータ１４のオンオフを常時制御する。 In a normal state where water is contained in the pipe 13, the water heater 10 determines whether or not the water in the pipe 13 may freeze from the outside air temperature detected by the ambient temperature sensor 16. On / off of the heater 14 is always controlled so as not to freeze.
一方、給湯装置１０は、設置後の初回の電源オン時においては、ヒータ１４で配管１３や給水口開閉弁１８などを十分に加熱してから給水口開閉弁１８を開くように制御する。 On the other hand, when the power is turned on for the first time after installation, the hot water supply device 10 controls the heater 13 so that the pipe 13 and the water supply opening / closing valve 18 are sufficiently heated and then the water supply opening / closing valve 18 is opened.
たとえば、設置後の初回の通電時は、通電開始から所定時間が経過するまで給水口開閉弁１８を閉じた状態に維持し、その間にヒータ１４をオンにして配管１３や給水口開閉弁１８を加熱する。 For example, at the first energization after installation, the water supply opening / closing valve 18 is maintained in a closed state until a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of energization, and the heater 13 is turned on during that time to connect the pipe 13 and the water supply opening / closing valve 18. Heat.
寒冷地の冬季には、寒い倉庫に長時間保管等されていた給湯装置１０が設置前に冷え切っていることがある。冷え切った給湯装置１０を設置して、給水口開閉弁１８に給水管６を接続して水を供給すると、給水口開閉弁１８は初期状態で閉じているので、給水は給水口開閉弁１８の弁体まで到達して停留する。 In the winter season in cold regions, the hot water supply device 10 that has been stored in a cold warehouse for a long time may be cooled down before installation. When the hot water supply device 10 is installed and the water supply pipe 6 is connected to the water supply opening / closing valve 18 to supply water, the water supply opening / closing valve 18 is closed in the initial state. To reach the valve body and stop.
給水口開閉弁１８に到達した給水は、冷たい給水口開閉弁１８に熱を奪われてすぐに凍結する。たとえば、給水口開閉弁１８などは鍛造の部品なので熱容量が大きいため、冷えていると、給水から多くの熱を奪って給水を凍結させてしまう。 The water supplied to the water supply opening / closing valve 18 is frozen immediately after the cold water supply opening / closing valve 18 is deprived of heat. For example, since the water supply opening / closing valve 18 is a forged part and has a large heat capacity, if it is cooled, it takes a lot of heat from the water supply and freezes the water supply.
一般的にガス管、水系統の配管等の工事を終了させてから器具に通電する。なぜならば、微量であってもガス工事時にガスが漏れ、これに電気スパークが加わると作業者の安全が担保できないからである。同様に水系統の工事時には手が水で濡れている場合があり、器具に通電されていると感電のおそれがある。すなわち、機器取付時や修理時等で工事が終了するまで通電しないことが鉄則となっている。工事終了後に器具にＡＣ１００Ｖが通電されると、給水口開閉弁１８は通電により開こうとする。そうすると、給水口開閉弁１８の弁体が傷ついたり壊れたりするおそれがある。しかし、本実施の形態に係る給湯装置１０では、設置後の初回の通電開始から所定時間が経過するまでは給水口開閉弁１８を閉じた状態に維持したままヒータ１４をオンにする。これにより、配管１３や給水口開閉弁１８が温度上昇し、給水口開閉弁１８の弁体のところで凍っていた給水は融けてしまう。 In general, the equipment is energized after the construction of gas pipes and water system piping is completed. This is because even if the amount is small, gas leaks during gas construction, and if an electric spark is added to this, the safety of the worker cannot be guaranteed. Similarly, hands may be wet with water during construction of the water system, and there is a risk of electric shock if the appliance is energized. That is, it is an ironic rule not to energize until the construction is completed at the time of equipment installation or repair. When AC100V is energized to the appliance after the construction is completed, the water supply opening / closing valve 18 attempts to open by energization. Then, the valve body of the water supply opening / closing valve 18 may be damaged or broken. However, in the hot water supply apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, the heater 14 is turned on while the water supply opening / closing valve 18 is kept closed until a predetermined time elapses after the first energization start after installation. As a result, the temperature of the pipe 13 and the water supply opening / closing valve 18 rises, and the water supply frozen at the valve body of the water supply opening / closing valve 18 is melted.
したがって、その後、給水口開閉弁１８を開いても、給水口開閉弁１８の弁体が傷ついたり破損したりすることはない。また、給水が給湯装置１０の配管１３に流れても、すでに配管１３はヒータ１４によって暖められているので、配管１３内で給水が凍ってしまうことはない。このように給水口開閉弁１８の弁体のところで凍っていた給水が融け、かつ、給水が給湯装置１０の配管１３に流れても凍らない状態までヒータ１４で予熱した状態を予熱完了状態とする。 Therefore, even if the water supply opening / closing valve 18 is subsequently opened, the valve body of the water supply opening / closing valve 18 is not damaged or broken. Even if the water supply flows into the pipe 13 of the hot water supply device 10, the pipe 13 is already warmed by the heater 14, so that the water supply does not freeze in the pipe 13. In this way, a state in which the heater 14 is preheated until the water that has been frozen at the valve body of the water supply opening / closing valve 18 melts and the water supply does not freeze even if it flows into the pipe 13 of the hot water supply device 10 is defined as a preheat completion state. .
設置後の初回の通電開始から給水口開閉弁１８を閉じた状態に維持してヒータ１４をオンにする所定時間の長さは、たとえば、想定される最も低温の状態でヒータ１４をオンにして、上記の予熱完了状態になるまでに要する時間に所定のマージンを加えた時間に設定される。 The length of the predetermined time for turning on the heater 14 while maintaining the water supply opening / closing valve 18 closed after the first energization start after the installation is, for example, when the heater 14 is turned on at the lowest expected temperature. The time required until the preheating completion state is set to a time obtained by adding a predetermined margin.
なお、ヒータ１４は、設置後の初回の通水での凍結を防止するための加熱のほか、配管１３に水が入っている通常状態で配管１３内の凍結を防止するための加熱にも使用される。すなわち、ヒータ１４は、配管１３に水がある場合と無い場合の双方で使用される。そこで、ヒータ１４には、配管１３内に水のない状態で通電（空焚き）されても過熱して故障せず、かつ、配管１３内に水がある状態で凍結を防止可能な発熱量を得られるものが使用される。 The heater 14 is used not only for heating to prevent freezing in the first water flow after installation, but also for heating to prevent freezing in the pipe 13 in a normal state where water is contained in the pipe 13. Is done. That is, the heater 14 is used both when there is water in the pipe 13 and when there is no water. Therefore, the heater 14 has a heat generation amount that does not overheat and fail even when energized (air-fired) in the pipe 13 without water, and that can prevent freezing in the presence of water in the pipe 13. What is obtained is used.
たとえば、水のない状態で通電しても過熱して故障しないように、各ヒータの抵抗値を決定し、このヒータの数を増減させて必要な発熱量を確保する。 For example, the resistance value of each heater is determined so that it will not overheat and fail even if energized in the absence of water, and the number of heaters is increased or decreased to ensure the necessary amount of heat generation.
また、熱容量が他の配管１３の部分に比べて大きくなる給水口開閉弁１８もしくはその近傍にヒータ１４を取り付けることが好ましい。 Moreover, it is preferable to attach the heater 14 to the water supply opening / closing valve 18 or its vicinity where the heat capacity is larger than that of the other pipes 13.
図２は、電源オン時に給湯装置１０が行う処理の流れを示している。給湯装置１０は電源がオンにされると、今回の電源オンが設置後の初回の電源オンか否かを調べる（ステップＳ１０１）。この判定は、たとえば、不揮発メモリに記憶されている初回フラグを参照して行う。初回フラグはオンで、設置後の初回の電源オンであることを示す。初期状態はオンにされており、後述するステップＳ１０６でリセットされる。 FIG. 2 shows a flow of processing performed by the hot water supply apparatus 10 when the power is turned on. When the power supply is turned on, the hot water supply apparatus 10 checks whether or not the current power-on is the first power-on after installation (step S101). This determination is made with reference to the initial flag stored in the nonvolatile memory, for example. The initial flag is on, indicating that the power is on for the first time after installation. The initial state is turned on, and is reset in step S106 described later.
設置後の初回の電源オンであれば（ステップＳ１０１；Ｙｅｓ）、凍結防止用のヒータ１４をオンにし（ステップＳ１０２）、所定時間を計時するためのタイマーを起動する（ステップＳ１０３）。 If the power is turned on for the first time after installation (step S101; Yes), the anti-freezing heater 14 is turned on (step S102), and a timer for measuring a predetermined time is started (step S103).
このタイマーがタイムアップするまでは（ステップＳ１０４；Ｎｏ）、ヒータ１４をオンの状態に、かつ、給水口開閉弁１８を閉じた状態に維持する。具体的には、給水口開閉弁１８として電磁弁を使用する場合は、設置後の初回の通電開始から所定時間が経過するまで、給水口開閉弁１８に通電しない。同様に、給水口開閉弁１８としてギアモータで弁体を動かすタイプのものを使用する場合にも、設置後の初回の通電開始から所定時間が経過するまで、給水口開閉弁１８に通電しない、あるいはギアモータを動かさない。 Until the timer expires (step S104; No), the heater 14 is kept on and the water supply opening / closing valve 18 is kept closed. Specifically, when an electromagnetic valve is used as the water supply opening / closing valve 18, the water supply opening / closing valve 18 is not energized until a predetermined time has elapsed since the first energization start after installation. Similarly, also when using a type that moves the valve element with a gear motor as the water supply opening / closing valve 18, the water supply opening / closing valve 18 is not energized until a predetermined time elapses after the first energization start after installation, or Do not move the gear motor.
タイマーがタイムアップすると（ステップＳ１０４；Ｙｅｓ）、給水口開閉弁１８を開く（ステップＳ１０５）。そして、初回フラグをリセットして（ステップＳ１０６）、通常動作に移行する（ステップＳ１０７）。 When the timer expires (step S104; Yes), the water supply opening / closing valve 18 is opened (step S105). Then, the initial flag is reset (step S106), and the normal operation is performed (step S107).
通常動作では、雰囲気温度センサ１６の検出温度等に基づいて、配管１３内の水が凍結しないようにヒータ１４をオンオフ制御する。 In normal operation, the heater 14 is on / off controlled based on the temperature detected by the ambient temperature sensor 16 so that the water in the pipe 13 does not freeze.
設置後の初回の電源オンでなければ（ステップＳ１０１；Ｎｏ）、ステップＳ１０７へ移行し、通常動作に移行する（ステップＳ１０７）。 If the power is not turned on for the first time after installation (step S101; No), the process proceeds to step S107, and the process proceeds to normal operation (step S107).
このように、本発明の実施の形態に係る給湯装置１０は、冷え切った状態で設置した場合にも、設置後の最初の通水において装置内部の配管１３の途中で水が凍結してしまうという不具合を防止することができる。また、凍結している状態で無理やり給水口開閉弁１８を動かすことがないので、弁体を傷つけることがない。 Thus, even when the hot water supply apparatus 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention is installed in a cold state, water is frozen in the middle of the pipe 13 inside the apparatus in the first water flow after installation. Can be prevented. Further, since the water supply opening / closing valve 18 is not forcibly moved in a frozen state, the valve body is not damaged.
また設置後の初回の通電時は、一律に、通電開始から所定時間が経過するまで給水口開閉弁１８を閉じた状態のままに維持してヒータ１４をオンにするので、制御が容易である。たとえば、ヒータ１４をオンにする時間を、給水口開閉弁１８の温度を検出して制御する場合に比べて、制御が簡単で専用の温度センサも不要になる。 In addition, at the time of the first energization after installation, the heater 14 is turned on by keeping the water supply opening / closing valve 18 closed until a predetermined time elapses from the start of energization, so that the control is easy. . For example, as compared with the case where the time for turning on the heater 14 is controlled by detecting the temperature of the water supply opening / closing valve 18, the control is simple and a dedicated temperature sensor is not required.
なお、ギアモータで弁体を開閉するタイプの給水口開閉弁１８を使用した場合には、設置後の初回通電後の電源オフ時に弁体が開いた状態になるようにすることが望ましい。たとえば、設置後の初回の通電から所定時間が経過した後は、常に開いている状態にすれば、停電になった場合にも、通水を確保することができる。 When a water supply opening / closing valve 18 of a type that opens and closes the valve element with a gear motor is used, it is desirable that the valve element be opened when the power is turned off after the initial energization after installation. For example, if a predetermined time elapses after the first energization after installation, it is possible to ensure water flow even in the event of a power failure if the state is always open.
また、通電開始から所定時間が経過するまで給水口開閉弁１８を閉じた状態のままに維持してヒータ１４をオンにする制御を、設置後の初回の通電時の外気温度を調べ、凍結のおそれのある所定の閾値温度以下の場合にのみ行うようにすると、外気温度は閾値温度より高いが配管１３や鍛造で形成された給水口開閉弁１８がまだ冷たく、通水すると凍結する場合がある。そこで、本発明では、設置後の初回の通電時に、一律に、上記の制御を行っている。 Further, the control for turning on the heater 14 by keeping the water supply opening / closing valve 18 closed until a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of energization is performed by examining the outside air temperature at the first energization after installation, If it is performed only when the temperature is lower than a predetermined threshold temperature, there is a possibility that the outside air temperature is higher than the threshold temperature, but the water supply opening / closing valve 18 formed by piping 13 or forging is still cold and freezes when water is passed through. . Therefore, in the present invention, the above control is uniformly performed at the first energization after installation.
以上、本発明の実施の形態を図面によって説明してきたが、具体的な構成は実施の形態に示したものに限られるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲における変更や追加があっても本発明に含まれる。 The embodiment of the present invention has been described with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to that shown in the embodiment, and there are changes and additions within the scope of the present invention. Are also included in the present invention.
実施の形態では、設置後の初回の通電から所定時間が経過するまでヒータ１４をオンにし、給水口開閉弁１８を閉じた状態に維持するようにしたが、たとえば、給水口開閉弁１８の部分の温度を温度センサで検出し、所定温度以上になるまで、ヒータ１４をオンにし給水口開閉弁１８を閉じた状態に維持するように構成されてもよい。所定温度は、弁体のところで水が凍結していない状態になる最低温度に所定のマージンを加えた温度に設定する。 In the embodiment, the heater 14 is turned on and the water supply opening / closing valve 18 is kept closed until a predetermined time has elapsed since the first energization after the installation, but for example, a portion of the water supply opening / closing valve 18 The temperature may be detected by a temperature sensor, and the heater 14 may be turned on and the water supply opening / closing valve 18 may be kept closed until the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature or higher. The predetermined temperature is set to a temperature obtained by adding a predetermined margin to the lowest temperature at which water is not frozen at the valve body.
実施の形態では、給湯装置１０は、貯湯システム３の一部をなす例を説明したが、本発明は、閉止機能を持つ水量調整弁付き給湯器や風呂給湯器など他の種類の給湯装置１０にも適用することができる。 In the embodiment, the example in which the hot water supply device 10 forms a part of the hot water storage system 3 has been described. However, the present invention can be applied to other types of hot water supply devices 10 such as a water heater with a water amount adjusting valve and a bath water heater having a closing function. It can also be applied to.
なお、貯湯システム３の熱源機４は燃料電池でなくてもよい。また、バックアップ熱源機５を、バーナを燃焼させるタイプの風呂給湯器としたが、これに限定されるものではない。 The heat source unit 4 of the hot water storage system 3 may not be a fuel cell. Moreover, although the backup heat source unit 5 is a bath water heater of a type that burns a burner, it is not limited to this.
３…貯湯システム
４…熱源機（燃料電池）
５…バックアップ熱源機（風呂給湯器）
６…給水管
１０…給湯装置
１１…貯湯タンク
１２…給水管接続口
１３…配管
１４…ヒータ
１５…温度センサ
１６…雰囲気温度センサ
１８…給水口開閉弁
２０…回路基板
3. Hot water storage system 4. Heat source machine (fuel cell)
5 ... Backup heat source machine (bath water heater)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 6 ... Water supply pipe 10 ... Hot water supply apparatus 11 ... Hot water storage tank 12 ... Water supply pipe connection port 13 ... Piping 14 ... Heater 15 ... Temperature sensor 16 ... Ambient temperature sensor 18 ... Water supply port opening / closing valve 20 ... Circuit board
Claims (6)
前記給水口を開閉すると共に、自装置が設置されたときに初期状態で閉じている開閉部と、
前記配管に設けられたヒータと、
設置後の初回の通電時は、前記ヒータで前記配管を加熱してから前記開閉部を開く制御部と、
を有する
ことを特徴とする給湯装置。 Piping for flowing water flowing from the water supply port to each part of the aircraft,
Opening and closing the water supply opening, and an opening and closing unit that is closed in the initial state when the device is installed,
A heater provided in the pipe;
At the time of the first energization after installation, the controller that opens the opening and closing unit after heating the pipe with the heater,
A hot water supply apparatus characterized by comprising:
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の給湯装置。 The control unit maintains the open / close unit in a closed state until a predetermined time elapses after the first energization start after installation, and heats the pipe with the heater during the period. The hot water supply device described.
前記ヒータは、前記配管に水がない状態でオンにされても過熱しないものが使用される
ことを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の給湯装置。 The control unit controls the heater on and off to prevent freezing in the pipe in a normal state where water is contained in the pipe.
The hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heater is a heater that does not overheat even when turned on in a state where there is no water in the pipe.
ことを特徴とする請求項１乃至３のいずれか１つに記載の給湯装置。 The hot water supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the opening / closing portion is an electromagnetic valve that opens when turned on and closes when turned off.
ことを特徴とする請求項３に記載の給湯装置。 The hot water supply apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the opening / closing part includes a gear motor, and is opened and closed by the gear motor.
前記制御部は、設置後の初回の通電開始から前記温度センサの検出温度が所定温度に達するまでは前記開閉部を閉じた状態に維持し、その間に前記ヒータで前記配管を加熱する
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の給湯装置。 A temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the water supply port;
The control unit maintains the open / close unit in a closed state until the temperature detected by the temperature sensor reaches a predetermined temperature from the first energization start after installation, and the pipe is heated by the heater during that time. The hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1.
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| WO2018066126A1 (en) * | 2016-10-07 | 2018-04-12 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Hot water supply device |
| JPWO2018066126A1 (en) * | 2016-10-07 | 2019-01-17 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Water heater |
| CN109990482A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2019-07-09 | 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 | Watering equipment, method for diagnosing faults and computer readable storage medium |
| CN109990482B (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2021-06-04 | 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 | Water use equipment, fault diagnosis method and computer readable storage medium |
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