JP2015043126A - Simulation device, simulation method, and two-axis cutting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To appropriately simulate a processed shape of a work material to be cutting processed by a two-axis cutting machine on a computer.SOLUTION: A simulation device 50 comprises: position calculation means 61 for calculating the movement of the position of a cutting blade according to time t in a coordinate system having a first coordinate axis, a second coordinate axis, and a third coordinate axis each of which is orthogonal to each other and the origin of which is a rotation center of a work material and having the axis direction of the work material being the third coordinate axis by using a value x of the first coordinate axis, a value y of the second coordinate axis, and a value z of the third coordinate axis of a model equation of the cutting operation of a two-axis cutting machine; shape calculation means 62 for calculating the processed shape of the work material by simulating cutting of the work material by the cutting blade on the basis of the movement of the position of the cutting blade calculated by the position calculation means and a condition of the model equation; and data generation means 63 for generating image data representing the processed shape of the work material calculated by the shape calculation means.

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for simulating a machining shape of a work material cut by a biaxial cutting machine.

  The biaxial cutting machine manufactures a workpiece by cutting the workpiece while rotating the workpiece and the cutting blade. As one of such biaxial cutting machines, Patent Documents 1 and 2 below propose a whirling processing apparatus. The Waring machine includes a work material holding unit that holds a work material, and a ring-shaped cutting blade holding unit that is arranged around the work material and holds a cutting blade. The cutting blade protrudes inward from the inner periphery of the cutting blade holding part. The work material is rod-shaped. The work material holding part holds one end of the work material and rotates the work material around its axis. The cutting blade holding part is disposed along a plane that intersects the axial direction of the work material, and is rotated in the same direction as the work material. The work material is arranged eccentrically with respect to the cutting blade holding part. For this reason, the distance between the cutting blade and the work material is reduced every time the cutting blade makes one revolution around the work material. The cutting blade cuts the work material once each time it rotates around the work material. According to such a Waring machine, a spiral groove can be formed on the outer peripheral surface of the work material. Therefore, the Waring machine is mainly used for threading.

  In cutting using a Waring machine, the cutting blade is not always in contact with the work material, and the cutting blade and the work material are repeatedly contacted and separated periodically, so overheating of the cutting blade is suppressed. There is an advantage that the life of the cutting blade is prolonged. In addition, since the cutting blade and the work material are periodically contacted and separated, the chips can be easily separated from the work material, so that the entanglement of the chips with the work material or the cutting blade is suppressed. Furthermore, since the cutting force is suppressed because the volume of the work material that the cutting blade removes by one cutting is small, the wear of the cutting blade is reduced. As a result, machining accuracy is improved (deterioration of machining accuracy is suppressed). From these characteristics, the cutting by the Waring machine is particularly suitable for threading of difficult-to-cut materials such as stainless steel, titanium or heat-resistant alloy.

JP 2008-296311 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-58233

  As described above, the Waring machine is mainly used for threading. However, the present inventor is able to realize a machining shape other than thread cutting with a biaxial cutting machine by appropriately adjusting cutting parameters such as the rotation speed of the work material and the cutting blade and the feed speed of the work material. I found it. Hereinafter, the biaxial cutting machine means an apparatus having the following configuration.

  The biaxial cutting machine includes a feed mechanism that feeds a work material in the axial direction thereof, a first rotation mechanism that rotates the work material around its axis, and a first rotation shaft that is a rotation shaft of the work material. A second rotation mechanism that rotates the cutting blade about a second rotation axis that is eccentric with respect to the cutting blade, and the work material is disposed inside or outside the path of the rotational movement of the cutting blade, and the cutting Each time the blade rotates once, the work material is cut.

  Since the biaxial cutting machine has a plurality of elements as described above, the cutting parameters of the biaxial cutting machine include a plurality of types of parameters. However, it is not possible to adjust the cutting parameters by trial and error while actually operating the biaxial cutting machine to cut the work material.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a technique for appropriately simulating a processing shape of a workpiece to be cut by a biaxial cutting machine on a computer.

  Each aspect of the present invention employs the following configurations in order to solve the above-described problems.

A 1st side surface is related with the simulation apparatus which simulates the process shape of the workpiece cut with a biaxial cutting machine. Here, the biaxial cutting machine has an eccentric amount ε with respect to the first rotation mechanism that rotates the work material around the axis at the rotation angular velocity ω _W and the first rotation axis that is the rotation axis of the work material. A second rotating mechanism that rotates the cutting blade at a rotation radius _RT and a rotational angular velocity ω _T around the eccentric second rotation axis, and at least one of the work material and the cutting blade at a relative feed speed f, the work material and a feed mechanism for feeding operation of the axial direction, the work material is a rod-like member of circular cross section having a radius R _W, are arranged inside or outside of the path of rotational movement of the cutting blade, the cutting blade The work material is cut every rotation.

The simulation apparatus according to the first aspect includes coordinates having a first coordinate axis, a second coordinate axis, and a third coordinate axis that are orthogonal to each other with the rotation center of the work material as an origin, and the axial direction of the work material as a third coordinate axis. Position calculating means for calculating the transition of the position of the cutting blade according to time t in the system using the value x of the first coordinate axis, the value y of the second coordinate axis, and the value z of the third coordinate axis of the following formula (F1) Based on the transition of the position of the cutting blade calculated by the position calculating means and the condition of the following formula (F2), the machining shape of the work material is calculated by simulating the cutting of the work material by the cutting blade And a data generation means for generating image data representing the machining shape of the work material calculated by the shape calculation means.
(In Formula (F1) and Formula (F2), φ is a delay angle of another cutting blade with respect to the reference cutting blade when there are a plurality of cutting blades.)

  A 2nd side surface is related with the simulation method performed by the computer of the processing shape of the workpiece cut by the above-mentioned biaxial cutting machine. The simulation method according to the second aspect includes coordinates having a first coordinate axis, a second coordinate axis, and a third coordinate axis that are orthogonal to each other with the rotation center of the work material as an origin, and the axial direction of the work material as the third coordinate axis. The transition of the position of the cutting blade according to time t in the system is calculated by using the value x of the first coordinate axis, the value y of the second coordinate axis, and the value z of the third coordinate axis of the above formula (F1). Based on the transition of the position of the cutting blade and the condition of the above formula (F2), the machining shape of the work material is calculated by simulating the cutting of the work material by the cutting blade, and the calculated work material Generating image data representing the processed shape.

  Another aspect of the present invention may be a biaxial cutting machine including the simulation device of the first aspect, or a program that causes at least one computer to execute the method of the second aspect. Alternatively, a computer-readable recording medium that records such a program may be used. This recording medium includes a non-transitory tangible medium.

  According to each said aspect, the technique which simulates appropriately the processing shape of the workpiece cut with a biaxial cutting machine on a computer can be provided.

It is a perspective view of the biaxial cutting machine which can become a simulation object. It is a front view of the biaxial cutting machine which can become a simulation object. It is a top view of the biaxial cutting machine which can become a simulation object. It is a functional block diagram of the biaxial cutting machine which can become a simulation object. It is a figure which shows an example of operation | movement of the biaxial cutting machine which can become a simulation object. It is a figure which shows an example of operation | movement of the biaxial cutting machine which can become a simulation object. It is a figure which shows an example of operation | movement of the biaxial cutting machine which can become a simulation object. It is a figure which shows an example of operation | movement of the biaxial cutting machine in case the rotation direction of a workpiece and the rotation direction of a cutting blade are reverse. It is a figure which shows an example of operation | movement of the biaxial cutting machine in case the rotation direction of a workpiece and the rotation direction of a cutting blade are reverse. It is a figure which shows an example of operation | movement of the biaxial cutting machine in case the rotation direction of a workpiece and the rotation direction of a cutting blade are reverse. It is sectional drawing which shows the front view of the biaxial cutting machine in another example, and the example of the processing shape of the workpiece obtained by the cutting operation. It is a figure which shows notionally the hardware structural example of the simulation apparatus in 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows notionally the process structural example of the simulation apparatus in 1st Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the operation example of the simulation apparatus in 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows notionally the process structural example of the simulation apparatus in 2nd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the operation example of the simulation apparatus in 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the simulation result in the case where the processing shape of a workpiece becomes plate shape, and an actual cutting result. It is a figure which shows the simulation result in case the processing shape of a workpiece becomes a twist shape, and an actual cutting result. It is a figure which shows the verification result about the relationship between the ratio of the rotation speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade and the rotation speed (N _W ) of the work material 1 and the work shape of the work material. Relationship between the ratio of the rotation speed of the cutting blade (N _T ) and the rotation speed of the work material (N _W ) and the machining shape of the work material when the rotation direction of the work material and the cutting blade is reversed It is a figure which shows the verification result about. It is a figure which shows the processing shape of a workpiece material in case the feed speed f is 0.04 (mm / rev). It is a figure which shows the process shape of a workpiece material in case the feed speed f is 0.02 (mm / rev). It is a figure which shows the process shape of a workpiece material in case the feed speed f is 0.01 (mm / rev). It is a figure which shows the processing shape of the to-be-cut material 1 at the time of cutting 1 time, and changing the tool rotation speed in the middle of cutting. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the cross-sectional shape in the processing shape of a workpiece, and ratio (N _T / N _W ) of the rotation speed (N _T ) of a cutting blade and the rotation speed (N _W ) of a work material. It is a functional block diagram of the biaxial cutting machine in a modification.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In all the drawings, the same reference numerals are given to the same components, and the description of the same components will be appropriately omitted.

[Example of 2-axis cutting machine]
First, an example of a biaxial cutting machine that is a simulation target of the simulation apparatus and the simulation method in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 3, and 4. However, the simulation target of the present embodiment may be a biaxial cutting machine having the above-described configuration, and is not limited to the biaxial cutting machine described here. Hereinafter, the biaxial cutting machine is simply abbreviated as a cutting machine.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the cutting machine 100. FIG. 2 is a front view of the cutting machine 100. FIG. 2 is a view of the cutting machine 100 viewed in the direction of arrow A in FIG. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the cutting machine. FIG. 3 is a view of the cutting machine 100 viewed in the direction of arrow B in FIG. FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of the cutting machine 100.

  As the work material 1 as the processing object, for example, a rod-shaped member is preferably used. However, the shape of the work material 1 may be any other shape. Hereinafter, in order to simplify the description, it is assumed that the work material 1 is a rod-shaped member having a circular cross section.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the cutting machine 100 includes a work material holding unit 3 (FIG. 3) that holds a work material 1, a cutting blade holding unit 4 that holds a cutting blade 2, and a first A rotation mechanism 10, a second rotation mechanism 20, and a feed mechanism 30 are provided.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the work material holding part 3 holds one end 1 a of the work material 1. The work material holder 3 is rotatably held by the first rotation mechanism 10. The rotation axis (first rotation axis 11) of the work material holder 3 and the work material 1 coincides with the central axis of the work material 1.

  The first rotation mechanism 10 includes a first rotation motor 15. When the first rotation motor 15 is driven, the first rotation mechanism 10 rotates the work material holder 3 around the first rotation shaft 11. As the work material holding part 3 rotates around the first rotation axis 11, the work material 1 held by the work material holding part 3 also rotates around the first rotation axis 11.

  In the case of this embodiment, the cutting blade holding | maintenance part 4 is a flat plate-shaped thing formed in the annular | circular shape in front view, for example. The cutting blade 2 is being fixed to the front surface or the back surface of the cutting blade holding | maintenance part 4, for example. In the example of FIGS. 1 to 3, the cutting blade 2 is fixed to the front surface of the cutting blade holding portion 4. The cutting blade 2 protrudes inward from the inner periphery 4 a of the cutting blade holding part 4. In the following description, it is assumed that there is one cutting blade 2 as shown in FIGS.

  The work material 1 is disposed so as to pass through the opening of the cutting blade holding part 4. The work material 1 is arrange | positioned inside the inner periphery 4a in front view. Therefore, the first rotating shaft 11 is disposed inside the path (trajectory 23) of the rotational movement of the cutting blade 2.

  The cutting blade holder 4 is rotatably held by the second rotating mechanism 20. The cutting blade holding part 4 and the rotating shaft (second rotating shaft 21) of the cutting blade 2 are eccentric (offset) by an eccentric amount ε (FIG. 2) with respect to the first rotating shaft 11. The first rotating shaft 11 and the second rotating shaft 21 are parallel to each other.

  The second rotation mechanism 20 includes a second rotation motor 25. When the second rotation motor 25 is driven, the second rotation mechanism 20 rotates the cutting blade holder 4 around the second rotation shaft 21. As the cutting blade holding portion 4 rotates around the second rotation shaft 21, the cutting blade 2 held by the cutting blade holding portion 4 also rotates around the second rotation shaft 21. Note that the cutting blade 2 rotates in a plane orthogonal to the second rotation shaft 21.

  The feed mechanism 30 feeds the work material 1 in the axial direction (Z-axis direction) of the work material 1 relative to the cutting blade 2. For example, the feed mechanism 30 moves the work material holder 3 in the Z-axis direction. The feed mechanism 30 includes, for example, a feed motor 35 as an actuator. When the feed motor 35 is rotated, the feed mechanism 30 converts the rotational motion of the feed motor 35 into a linear motion and transmits it to the work material holding part 3 to move the work material holding part 3 in the Z-axis direction. Let The feed mechanism 30 may perform a feed operation of the work material 1 by an actuator (cylinder or the like) other than the motor. Further, the feed mechanism 30 may move the cutting blade holding part 4 in the Z-axis direction instead of moving the work material holding part 3 in the Z-axis direction. The work material 1 and the cutting blade 2 should just move relatively to the axial direction (Z-axis direction) of the work material 1. Hereinafter, the distance that the work material 1 moves relative to the cutting blade 2 in the Z-axis direction while the work material 1 makes one rotation around the first rotation axis 11 is referred to as a feed speed f. That is, the feed speed f is a relative speed of the work material 1 with respect to the cutting blade 2 or a relative speed of the cutting blade 2 with respect to the work material 1 in the Z-axis direction. Therefore, the feed rate f can be expressed as the feed rate f of the cutting blade 2 or the feed rate f of the work material 1.

  Although not shown, the cutting machine 100 may further include a control unit that performs operation control of the first rotary motor 15, the second rotary motor 25, and the feed motor 35.

In the cutting machine 100, the workpiece 1 is cut as follows.
First, one end 1 a of the work material 1 is held by the work material holding part 3. The workpiece 1 is rotated around the first rotation axis 11 by the first rotation mechanism 10, and the cutting blade 2 is rotated around the second rotation axis 21 by the second rotation mechanism 20. Further, the work material 1 is fed in the axial direction by the feed mechanism 30. At least one of the rotation direction of the work material 1 and the rotation direction of the cutting blade 2 can be changed.

  As described above, since the second rotating shaft 21 is eccentric with respect to the first rotating shaft 11, the cutting blade 2 repeats the operation of moving away from the first rotating shaft 11 every rotation. A locus 23 shown in FIG. 2 is a locus of the cutting edge 2 a of the cutting blade 2. The cutting blade 2 cuts the work material 1 when the cutting edge 2a of the cutting blade 2 passes a position closer to the first rotation shaft 11 than the peripheral surface of the work material 1 before cutting.

5 to 7 are diagrams illustrating an example of the operation of the cutting machine 100 described above. In these drawings, the operation when the ratio of the rotational speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 to the rotational speed (N _W ) of the work material 1 is set to 2: 1 is shown. Here, the ratio between the rotational speed (N _T ) and the rotational speed (N _W ) is equal to the ratio between the rotational angular velocity ω _T of the cutting blade 2 and the rotational angular velocity ω _W of the work material 1.

  The feed speed f of the cutting blade 2 is assumed to be smaller than the dimension of the cutting blade 2 in the Z-axis direction (hereinafter referred to as cutting blade thickness 2b (FIG. 3)). For example, the cutting blade 2 is fed in the Z-axis direction at a constant feed speed f.

  In the stage before cutting, the cross-sectional shape of the work material 1 is circular. Between the stage of FIG. 5A and the stage of FIG. 7, the cutting blade 2 rotates twice around the second rotation axis 21. Meanwhile, the cutting blade 2 cuts the work material 1 twice. The first cutting operation starts at the timing shown in FIG. 5C and ends at the timing shown in FIG. The second cutting operation starts at the timing shown in FIG. 6C and ends at the timing shown in FIG.

  By cutting the work material 1 twice in this way, the cross-sectional shape of the part cut in the work material 1 becomes a shape as shown in FIG.

  By repeatedly performing the same cutting as in FIGS. 5 to 7 in the axial direction of the work material 1, the part of the work material 1 after the cutting process has a plate shape as shown in FIG. . Hereinafter, a portion of the work material 1 cut into a plate shape is referred to as a blade-shaped portion 1b.

  Hereinafter, the operation shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 will be described in detail. It is assumed that the work material 1 and the cutting blade 2 rotate counterclockwise.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, the timing at which the cutting blade 2 is located farthest from the work material 1 is considered as the starting point. The rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 at this time is set to 0 °. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is also 0 °.

  FIG. 5B shows a state where the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is 90 °. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is 45 °. In this example, the cutting blade 2 is not yet in contact with the work material 1.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5C, at the timing when the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 becomes α °, the cutting edge 2 a of the cutting blade 2 reaches the peripheral surface of the work material 1, and 1 by the cutting blade 2. A second cutting operation is started. In this example, 90 <α <180. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is (α / 2) °.

  FIG. 5D shows a state where the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is 180 °. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is 90 °. At this time, the first cutting operation by the cutting blade 2 proceeds partway.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5E, the first cutting operation by the cutting blade 2 is completed at the timing when the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 becomes β °. In this example, 180 <β <270. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is (β / 2) °.

  FIG. 5F shows a state where the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is 270 °. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is 135 °.

  FIG. 6A shows a state where the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is 360 °. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is 180 °.

  FIG. 6B shows a state where the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is 450 °. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is 225 °.

  As shown in FIG. 6C, at the timing when the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 reaches (α + 360) °, the cutting edge 2a of the cutting blade 2 reaches the peripheral surface of the work material 1 again, and the cutting blade 2 A second cutting operation is started. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is {(α / 2) +180} °.

  FIG. 6D shows a state where the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is 540 °. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is 270 °. At this time, the second cutting operation by the cutting blade 2 proceeds halfway.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6E, the second cutting operation by the cutting blade 2 is completed at the timing when the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 becomes (β + 360) °. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is {(β / 2) +180} °.

  FIG. 6F shows a state where the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is 630 °. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is 315 °.

  FIG. 7 shows a state where the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is 720 °. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is 360 °.

Here, the machining surface 1c formed on the work material 1 by the first cutting operation by the cutting blade 2 is not a flat surface but a curved surface with a certain degree of curvature. This curved surface is a shape that slightly swells toward the outside of the work material 1. However, as shown in FIG. 5C to FIG. 5E, when the machining surface 1 c is formed by the cutting blade 2, the work material 1 also rotates in the same direction as the rotation direction of the cutting blade 2. Specifically, the work material 1 rotates at a rotational angular velocity half that of the cutting blade 2. For this reason, compared with the case where the to-be-cut material 1 does not rotate, the curvature of the processing surface 1c becomes small (the curvature radius of the processing surface 1c becomes large). In other words, the locus of the cutting edge 2a relative to the work material 1 is closer to a straight line than when the work material 1 does not rotate. That is, the curvature of the machining surface 1c is smaller than the curvature of the locus 23 (the curvature radius of the machining surface 1c is larger than the curvature radius of the locus 23). The larger the ratio between the rotation radius R _T and the rotation radius R _W of the workpiece 1 in the cutting edge 2 _(R T _/ R _W) is large, the curvature of the working surface 1c becomes smaller, the processing surface 1c comes closer to the flat surface.

Similarly, the processing surface 1d formed on the work material 1 by the second cutting operation by the cutting blade 2 is not strictly a flat surface but a curved surface with a certain degree of curvature. This curved surface is a shape that slightly swells toward the outside of the work material 1. However, as shown in FIG. 6C to FIG. 6E, when the machining surface 1 d is formed by the cutting blade 2, the work material 1 also rotates in the same direction as the rotation direction of the cutting blade 2. Specifically, the work material 1 rotates at a rotational angular velocity that is half that of the cutting blade 2. For this reason, compared with the case where the to-be-cut material 1 does not rotate, the process surface 1d becomes a shape close | similar to a flat surface. That is, the curvature of the machining surface 1d is smaller than the curvature of the locus 23 (the curvature radius of the machining surface 1d is larger than the curvature radius of the locus 23). The larger the ratio between the rotation radius R _T and the rotation radius R _W of the workpiece 1 in the cutting edge 2 _(R T _/ R _W) is large, the curvature of the working surface 1d is reduced, the processed surface 1d approaches the flat surface.

  Further, the machining surface 1c has a rotation angle of (β / 2) ° when the rotation angle of the work material 1 is (α / 2) ° and the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is α °. It is formed until the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is β °. On the other hand, since the rotation angle of the work material 1 is {(α / 2) +180} ° and the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is (α + 360) °, the work surface 1d has a rotation angle {( It is formed until β / 2) +180} ° and the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is (β + 360) °. Therefore, when the work material 1 is viewed in the axial direction, the machining surface 1c and the machining surface 1d are in symmetrical positions with respect to the first rotating shaft 11. That is, if the processed surface 1c and the processed surface 1d are regarded as flat surfaces, the processed surface 1c and the processed surface 1d are parallel to each other. Therefore, the blade-shaped portion 1b can be formed on the work material 1 by continuously performing the cutting operations as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 in the axial direction of the work material 1 (see FIG. 1).

Next, the operation of the cutting machine 100 when the rotation direction of the work material 1 and the rotation direction of the cutting blade 2 are opposite will be described.
8 to 10 are diagrams illustrating an example of the operation of the cutting machine 100 when the rotation direction of the work material 1 and the rotation direction of the cutting blade 2 are opposite to each other. In these figures, the ratio of the rotational speed of the cutting blade 2 (N _T ) to the rotational speed of the work material 1 (N _W ) is set to 2: 1, and the cutting blade 2 rotates counterclockwise and The operation when the cutting material 1 rotates clockwise is shown.

  Between the stage of FIG. 8A and the stage of FIG. 10, the cutting blade 2 rotates twice around the second rotation axis 21. Meanwhile, the cutting blade 2 cuts the work material 1 twice. The first cutting operation starts at the timing shown in FIG. 8C and ends at the timing shown in FIG. The second cutting operation starts at the timing shown in FIG. 9C and ends at the timing shown in FIG.

  By cutting the work material 1 twice in this way, the cross-sectional shape of the part cut in the work material 1 is a spindle shape (rugby) surrounded by two arcs of the same shape as shown in FIG. Ball-like shape). By repeatedly performing the same cutting as in FIGS. 8 to 10 in the axial direction of the work material 1, the part of the work material 1 after the cutting process has a shape as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 8A, the timing at which the cutting blade 2 is located farthest from the work material 1 is considered as the starting point. The rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 at this time is set to 0 °. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is also 0 °.

  FIG. 8B shows a state where the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is 90 °. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is −45 °. In this example, the cutting blade 2 is not yet in contact with the work material 1.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 8C, at the timing when the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 becomes α °, the cutting edge 2 a of the cutting blade 2 reaches the peripheral surface of the work material 1, and 1 A second cutting operation is started. In this example, 90 <α <180. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is − (α / 2) °.

  FIG. 8D shows a state where the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is 180 °. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is −90 °. At this time, the first cutting operation by the cutting blade 2 proceeds partway.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 8E, the first cutting operation by the cutting blade 2 is completed at the timing when the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 becomes β °. In this example, 180 <β <270. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is − (β / 2) °.

  FIG. 8F shows a state where the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is 270 °. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is −135 °.

  FIG. 9A shows a state where the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is 360 °. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is −180 °.

  FIG. 9B shows a state where the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is 450 °. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is −225 °.

  As shown in FIG. 9 (c), at the timing when the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 reaches (α + 360) °, the cutting edge 2 a of the cutting blade 2 reaches the peripheral surface of the work material 1 again, and the cutting blade 2 A second cutting operation is started. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is − {(α / 2) +180} °.

  FIG. 9D shows a state where the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is 540 °. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is −270 °. At this time, the second cutting operation by the cutting blade 2 proceeds halfway.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 9E, the second cutting operation by the cutting blade 2 is completed at the timing when the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 becomes (β + 360) °. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is − {(β / 2) +180} °.

  FIG. 9F shows a state where the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is 630 °. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is −315 °.

  FIG. 10 shows a state where the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is 720 °. At this time, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is −360 °.

Here, as shown in FIGS. 8 (c) to 8 (e), when forming the machining surface 1 c by the first cutting operation by the cutting blade 2, the direction of rotation is opposite to the rotation direction of the cutting blade 2. The cutting material 1 rotates. Specifically, the work material 1 rotates in the reverse direction at a rotational angular velocity half that of the cutting blade 2. For this reason, compared with the case where the to-be-cut material 1 does not rotate, the curvature of the processing surface 1c becomes large (the curvature radius of the processing surface 1c becomes small). That is, the curvature of the machining surface 1c is larger than the curvature of the locus 23 (the curvature radius of the machining surface 1c is smaller than the curvature radius of the locus 23). The larger the ratio between the rotation radius _{R T} and the rotation radius _{R W} of the workpiece 1 in the cutting edge 2 _(R T / R _W) is small, the curvature of the working surface 1c is increased.

Similarly, when forming the machining surface 1 d by the second cutting operation by the cutting blade 2, the work material 1 rotates in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the cutting blade 2. Specifically, the work material 1 rotates in the reverse direction at a rotational angular velocity half that of the cutting blade 2. For this reason, compared with the case where the to-be-cut material 1 does not rotate, the curvature of the processing surface 1d becomes large (the curvature radius of the processing surface 1d becomes small). That is, the curvature of the machining surface 1d is larger than the curvature of the locus 23 (the curvature radius of the machining surface 1d is smaller than the curvature radius of the locus 23). The smaller the ratio (R _T / R _W ) between the rotation radius R _T of the cutting blade 2 and the rotation radius R _W of the work material 1, the greater the curvature of the processed surface 1d.

  Further, the machining surface 1c has a rotation angle of the work material 1 of-(β / 2) since the rotation angle of the work material 1 is-(α / 2) ° and the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is α °. It is formed until the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is β °. On the other hand, on the machined surface 1d, the rotation angle of the work material 1 is − when the rotation angle of the work material 1 is − {(α / 2) +180} ° and the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is (α + 360) °. It is formed until {(β / 2) +180} ° and the rotation angle of the cutting blade 2 is (β + 360) °. Therefore, when the work material 1 is viewed in the axial direction, the machining surface 1c and the machining surface 1d are in symmetrical positions with respect to the first rotating shaft 11.

  FIG. 11A is a front view of a cutting machine 200 in another example, and FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the shape of the work material 1 processed by the cutting machine 200. .

  In the above example, the first rotary shaft 11 is arranged inside the path of the rotary motion of the cutting blade 2, but in the cutting machine 200, as shown in FIG. In some cases, the cutting blade 2 is disposed outside the path of the rotational movement (that is, outside the locus 23). In this case, as shown in FIG. 11 (b), the cross-sectional shape of the work material 1 is a shape curled in an arc shape inwardly of the work material 1.

  As shown to Fig.11 (a), the shape of the cutting blade holding | maintenance part 4 does not need to be ring shape. The cutting blade 2 is fixed to the cutting blade holding portion 4 so as to protrude outward from the cutting blade holding portion 4. The cutting blade 2 is being fixed to the front surface or the back surface of the cutting blade holding | maintenance part 4, for example.

In FIG. 11 (b), after processing when the ratio (N _T / N _W ) between the rotation speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and the rotation speed (N _W ) of the work material 1 is set to 4 The cross-sectional shape of the workpiece 1 is shown. In this case, as shown in FIG. 11B, four arc-shaped machining surfaces 1 f rolled inwardly of the work material 1 are formed at 90 ° intervals around the central axis of the work material 1.

  Thus, by arranging the first rotating shaft 11 outside the path (trajectory 23) of the rotational movement of the cutting blade 2, the work material 1 is a cross section in which the work material 1 is wound in an arc inwardly. Processed into shape.

[Analysis model]
The present inventor pays attention to the necessity of modeling the cutting operation of the cutting machines 100 and 200 as described above, and in order to simulate the cutting operation of the cutting machine on a computer, the following analysis model is used. Was derived. And this inventor discovered newly that the processing shape of the workpiece cut by a cutting machine can be simulated by implement | achieving the following analysis models on a computer.

As shown in FIG. 2, the cutting machine 100 rotates the work material 1 counterclockwise around the first rotation axis 11 (around the rotation center _CW ) at the rotation angular velocity ω _W and the cutting blade 2 2 Rotate counterclockwise around the rotation axis 21 (around the rotation center C _T ) with a rotation radius R _T and a rotation angular velocity ω _T. The distance between the rotation center C _W and the rotation center C _T, i.e. the amount of eccentricity of the first rotary shaft 11 and the second rotary shaft 21 is epsilon.

Now consider the actual rotation center C _T coordinate system of the cutting edge 2 as the origin X '-Y'-Z' of the cutting blade 2. In this coordinate system X′-Y′-Z ′, the coordinates (x ′, y ′, z ′) of the cutting edge 2a of the cutting blade 2 are given by the following equation (1) with respect to time t.

In the above formula (1), the delay angle φ is the delay angle of another cutting blade 2 with respect to the reference cutting blade 2 when there are a plurality of cutting blades 2. As shown in FIG. 2, when the cutting blade 2 rotates counterclockwise, the rotational angular velocity ω _T is a positive value. When the cutting blade 2 rotates clockwise, the rotational angular velocity ω _T is a negative value. It becomes.

On the other hand, consider a global coordinate system XYZ in which the work material 1 does not rotate and the origin is the center of the work material 1 (rotation center C _W ). The global coordinate system XYZ has a first coordinate axis, a second coordinate axis, and a third coordinate axis that are orthogonal to each other with the rotation center _CW of the work material 1 as an origin, and the axial direction of the work material 1 ( (Z direction) is a coordinate system having a third coordinate axis. In this case, the origin (the actual center of rotation C _{T of} the cutting blade 2) of the coordinate system X′-Y′-Z ′ of the cutting blade 2 has a radius ε around the center (rotation center C _W ) of the work material 1. It can be considered that it rotates counterclockwise at the rotational angular velocity ω _W and moves at the feed speed f in the axial direction (Z-axis direction) of the work material 1. For this reason, the coordinates of the cutting edge 2a of the cutting blade 2 in the global coordinate system XYZ are given by the following equation (2) with respect to time t.

From the above formula (1) and the above formula (2), the coordinates of the cutting edge 2a of the cutting blade 2 in the overall coordinate system XYZ can be expressed by the following (formula 3).

Further, the cutting of the work material 1 by the cutting blade 2 can be expressed by the following formula (4). That is, the origin of the global coordinate system X-Y-Z when the distance of the cutting edge 2a of the cutting edges 2 from (rotation center C _W) is equal to or less than the radius R _W of the workpiece 1, i.e., the following formula (4) When satisfy | filling, the workpiece 1 is cut with the cutting blade 2. FIG.

  The analysis model described above also applies to the cutting operation of the cutting machine 200 shown in FIG. In addition, the above-described analysis model includes a cutting machine 100 having a plurality of cutting blades 2 in order to generalize the simulation target, but only the cutting machine 100 having only one cutting blade 2 is supported. Therefore, in the above formula (3), the delay angle φ may be omitted. In this case, in the above equation (3), the delay angle φ only needs to be set to 0, and therefore, only the cutting machine 100 having only one cutting blade 2 enters the range.

  Hereinafter, each embodiment of a simulation apparatus and a simulation method for simulating a machining shape of a work material cut by the cutting machines 100 and 200 using the above-described analysis model will be described. In the following description, the biaxial cutting machines 100 and 200 may be collectively referred to as the cutting machine 100.

  A simulation apparatus and a simulation method in each embodiment to be described later simulate the processing shape of a work material cut by the cutting machine 100 using the above formula (3) and the above formula (4). The above formula (3) and the above formula (4) indicate that the cutting machine 100 in which the work material 1 and the cutting blade 2 are rotated by two rotating shafts and the cutting blade 2 physically moves in a three-dimensional space. Is modeled from the above-described overall difference coordinate system XYZ and the coordinate system X′-Y′-Z of the cutting blade 2, that is, a numerical formula (determinant). In the above equations (3) and (4), there are physical cutting operation characteristics such as the movement trajectory of the cutting blade 2 of the cutting machine 100 and the cutting position of the work material 1 by the cutting blade 2. It is reflected. Therefore, the simulation device and the simulation method in each embodiment for simulating the machining shape of the workpiece to be cut by the cutting machine 100 using the above formula (3) and the above formula (4) are the cutting machine. It has technical means reflecting 100 physical operation characteristics, and can be said to be a technical idea utilizing the laws of nature.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a simulation apparatus and a simulation method according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. The simulation apparatus and the simulation method according to the first embodiment simulate the machining shape of a workpiece to be cut by a cutting machine.

〔Device configuration〕
FIG. 12 is a diagram conceptually illustrating a hardware configuration example of the simulation apparatus according to the first embodiment. The simulation apparatus 50 according to the first embodiment is a so-called computer, and includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 51, a memory 52, an input / output interface (I / F) 53, and the like that are connected to each other via a bus. The memory 52 is a RAM (Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a hard disk, or the like. The input / output I / F 53 is connected to a user interface device such as the output device 55 and the input device 56, a communication device (not shown), a device that accesses a portable storage medium, and the like.

  The output device 55 is a device that presents information to the user, such as a display device or a printer. The input device 56 is a device that receives an input of a user operation such as a keyboard and a mouse. However, this embodiment does not limit the hardware configuration of the simulation apparatus 50.

[Processing configuration]
FIG. 13 is a diagram conceptually illustrating a processing configuration example of the simulation apparatus 50 in the first embodiment. The simulation apparatus 50 according to the first embodiment includes a parameter storage unit 60, a position calculation unit 61, a shape calculation unit 62, a data generation unit 63, and the like. Each of these processing units is realized, for example, by executing a program stored in the memory 52 by the CPU 51. Further, the program may be installed from a portable recording medium such as a CD (Compact Disc) or a memory card or another computer on the network via the input / output I / F 53 and stored in the memory 52. Good.

The parameter storage unit 60 includes the rotational angular velocity ω _W of the workpiece 1, the rotational angular velocity ω _{T of} the cutting blade 2, the rotational radius R _{T of} the cutting blade 2, and the cutting blade 2 (workpiece 1) as simulation cutting parameters. feed rate f, the eccentricity of the rotation axis workpiece 1 (first rotary shaft 11) and the cutting blade 2 rotating shaft (second rotational shaft 21) epsilon, the radius R _W of the cross section of the workpiece _1, the reference The delay angle φ of the other cutting blade 2 with respect to the cutting blade 2 is stored. When the cutting machine 100 has only one cutting blade 2, the delay angle φ may be set to 0 or may not be stored in the parameter storage unit 60.

  It is desirable that the cutting parameters stored in the parameter storage unit 60 be appropriately set according to the structure of the cutting machine to be simulated and the shape of the work material 1. These cutting parameters may be stored in the parameter storage unit 60 in advance. In addition, the cutting parameters may be acquired from another device or the like via the input / output I / F 53, or may be input by a user operating the input device 56 based on an input screen or the like. In the present embodiment, the parameter storage unit 60 is realized on the simulation apparatus 50, but may be realized on another apparatus and accessed by the simulation apparatus 50 via communication.

  Further, the simulation device 50 generates screen data that allows the cutting parameters stored in the parameter storage unit 60 to be changed according to the user operation of the input device 56, and outputs an input screen based on the screen data to the output device 55. You may make it do. In this case, the cutting parameters stored in the parameter storage unit 60 can be changed according to user input.

  The position calculation unit 61 uses the transition of the position of the cutting blade 2 according to time t in the global coordinate system XYZ as the value x of the first coordinate axis and the value y of the second coordinate axis of the above equation (3). And using the value z of the third coordinate axis. The smaller the step size of time t, the higher the calculation accuracy, but the processing load increases. Therefore, the step size of time t is set to an appropriate value. The position calculation unit 61 interpolates position data corresponding to the increment of time t by a known data interpolation technique such as linear interpolation.

Based on the transition of the position of the cutting blade 2 calculated by the position calculating unit 61 and the condition of the above equation (4), the shape calculating unit 62 simulates the cutting of the work material 1 by the cutting blade 2, The machining shape of the work material 1 is calculated. When the position of the cutting blade 2 calculated by the position calculating unit 61 satisfies the condition of the above expression (4), the shape calculating unit 62 is a straight line connecting the rotation center _{CW of the work} material 1 and the position thereof. It is considered that the outside (the side away from the rotation center _CW ) from the position has been cut. Thereby, for example, the shape calculation unit 62 represents coordinate data representing the outer shape of the work material 1 in the global coordinate system XYZ, and the transition of the position of the cutting blade 2 calculated by the position calculation unit 61. The coordinate data is acquired, and the corresponding outer shape position in the coordinate data representing the outer shape of the work material 1 is replaced with the position of the cutting blade 2 that satisfies the condition of the above formula (4).

  The data generation unit 63 generates image data representing the machining shape of the work material 1 calculated by the shape calculation unit 62. For example, the data generation unit 63 uses the coordinate data representing the outer shape of the work material 1 generated by the shape calculation unit 62 to output a three-dimensional image representing the machining shape of the work material 1. Is generated. The image data may be data in an image format, or may be coordinate data representing the outer shape of the work material 1 itself. Further, the data in the image format represents a two-dimensional image (six-face drawing) representing the machining shape of the work material 1 when viewed from the six directions of front, back, left, right, top, and bottom. May be. The image data may be print output data, display output data, or data output data. In the present embodiment, the data format of the image data generated by the data generation unit 63 is not limited.

  Further, the data generation unit 63 can cause the output device 55 to output the image data generated as described above. In this case, an image representing the machining shape of the work material 1 is output to the output device 55.

[Operation example (simulation method)]
Hereinafter, the simulation method in the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the simulation apparatus 50 according to the first embodiment. In the following description of the simulation method, the simulation device 50 is the execution subject of each method, but each of the above-described processing units included in the simulation device 50 may be the execution subject, or partly executed by another device. It may be the subject.

  The simulation apparatus 50 uses the first coordinate axis value x and the second coordinate axis value y in the above equation (3) to show the transition of the position of the cutting blade 2 according to time t in the global coordinate system XYZ. And it calculates using the value z of a 3rd coordinate axis (S141). This calculation process is as described in the position calculation unit 61 described above. The cutting parameters used in the above equation (3) may be held in advance by the simulation device 50, may be acquired from another device, or may be input by the user through the operation of the input device 56.

  The simulation apparatus 50 simulates the cutting of the work material 1 by the cutting blade 2 based on the transition of the position of the cutting blade 2 calculated in (S141) and the condition of the above formula (4). The machining shape of the material 1 is calculated (S142). This calculation process is as described in the shape calculation unit 62 described above.

  The simulation apparatus 50 generates image data representing the machining shape of the work material 1 calculated in (S142) (S143). This generation process is as described in the data generation unit 63 described above.

  Although not shown in FIG. 14, the simulation device 50 changes the image data generated in (S <b> 143) to the output device 55 and changes according to the output machining shape of the work material 1. You may make it further perform the process of acquiring the performed cutting parameter. In this case, the simulation device 50 recalculates the transition of the position of the cutting blade 2 by applying the changed cutting parameters to the above formula (3) and the above formula (4) in (S141). Also good.

[Operation and Effect in First Embodiment]
As described above, in the first embodiment, the transition of the position of the cutting blade 2 according to the time t is expressed using the above formula (3) and the above formula (4) which are analysis models of the cutting operation of the cutting machine. The cutting of the workpiece 1 by the cutting blade 2 is simulated. Thereby, the machining shape of the work material 1 is calculated, and image data representing the machining shape is generated. As described above, according to the first embodiment, the machining shape of the work material 1 is calculated by the computer (simulation) using the analysis model (the above formula (3) and the above formula (4)) representing the cutting operation of the cutting machine. It can be appropriately simulated on the device 50). However, whether or not the analysis model appropriately represents the cutting operation of the cutting machine will be described in detail in the section of the embodiment.

  In the analysis model, the cutting parameters relating to the structure of the cutting machines 100 and 200 and the shape of the work material 1 that influence the work shape of the work material 1 are defined. Thereby, if it is a cutting machine which can express cutting operation with the above-mentioned formula (3) and the above-mentioned formula (4), various forms of cutting machines can be simulated by adjusting cutting parameters as appropriate. can do. Further, the structure of the cutting machine for obtaining the desired machining shape by adjusting the cutting parameters so that the machining shape of the work material 1 becomes a desired shape while watching the output of the generated image data. It is also possible to design.

  Furthermore, as described above, by appropriately adjusting the cutting parameters, it is possible to confirm that a machining shape other than thread cutting can be realized with the cutting machine without actually machining the workpiece 1 with the cutting machine. Specifically, the cross-sectional shape of the workpiece 1 after processing is changed into a plate shape as shown in FIG. 7, a spindle shape (rugby ball shape) as shown in FIG. 10, and FIG. It can be confirmed that the workpiece 1 has an arc shape inwardly as shown in FIG.

[Second Embodiment]
Hereinafter, the simulation apparatus 50 and the simulation method according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. Hereinafter, the second embodiment will be described focusing on the content different from the first embodiment. In the following description, the same contents as those in the first embodiment are omitted as appropriate.

As described in the first embodiment, the inventor has found that the machining shape of the work material 1 can be controlled by appropriately adjusting the cutting parameters by using the analysis model. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the work material 1 after processing can be adjusted by making the rotation direction of the work material 1 and the rotation direction of the cutting blade 2 opposite to each other. Further, the present inventor uses the ratio (N _T / N _W ) between the rotation speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and the rotation speed (N _W ) of the work material 1 instead of the value of the cutting parameter itself. Thus, it has been newly found that the degree of twisting around the axis, the twisting direction around the axis, and the cross-sectional shape in the machining shape of the work material 1 can be controlled. These are technical matters that have been clarified for the first time by successfully modeling the complicated cutting operation of the cutting machine as described above. In the second embodiment, the machining shape of the work material 1 is controlled using the technical matters newly clarified as described above.

[Processing configuration]
FIG. 15 is a diagram conceptually illustrating a processing configuration example of the simulation apparatus 50 according to the second embodiment. The simulation apparatus 50 according to the second embodiment further includes an index acquisition unit 65 and a shape control unit 66 in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment. The index acquisition unit 65 and the shape control unit 66 are also realized by executing a program stored in the memory 52 by the CPU 51, as in the other processing units.

  The shape control unit 66 controls the machining shape of the workpiece 1 calculated by the shape calculation unit 62 by adjusting (changing) some of the cutting parameters stored in the parameter storage unit 60. Specifically, the shape control unit 66 controls the twist direction and the twist degree around the axis, and the cross-sectional shape in the processed shape of the work material 1 as follows. However, the shape control unit 66 may perform at least one control described below.

In the state where the rotation radius _RT of the cutting blade 2 is set to be larger than the eccentricity ε, the shape control unit 66 determines the rotation speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and the rotation speed (N _W ) of the work material 1. The rotation angular velocity ω _{W of the work} material 1 and the rotation angular velocity ω of the cutting blade 2 stored in the parameter storage unit 60 are changed so that the ratio (N _T / N _W ) changes to a direction smaller or larger than 2. _At least one of _T is adjusted (changed). By causing the shape calculation unit 62 to use at least one of the rotation angular velocities ω _W and ω _T thus changed, the shape control unit 66 can determine the axis in the machining shape of the workpiece 1 calculated by the shape calculation unit 62. It is possible to control at least one of the surrounding twist direction and the twist degree. Here, the state in which the rotation radius _RT of the cutting blade 2 is set to be larger than the eccentric amount ε means that the first rotating shaft 11 is located inside the path of the rotational motion of the cutting blade 2 as shown in FIG. It means the state that is arranged. The ratio between the rotational speed cutting blade 2 _{(N T)} and the workpiece 1 rpm _{(N W) (N T /} N W) is the rotational angular velocity omega _T and workpiece 1 of the cutting edge 2 It is equal to the ratio (ω _T / ω _W ) with the rotational angular velocity ω _W. Further, the degree of twist means the number of twists per unit length in the axial direction of the work material 1.

When the cutting blade 2 and the work material 1 rotate in the same counterclockwise direction, the ratio (ω _T / ω _W ) between the rotational angular velocity ω _T of the cutting blade 2 and the rotational angular velocity ω _W of the work material 1 is 2 When adjusted in a decreasing direction (for example, 1.99), the processed shape becomes a shape twisted clockwise around the axis. On the other hand, specifically, when the cutting blade 2 and the workpiece 1 rotate in the same counterclockwise direction, the ratio (ω _T) between the rotational angular velocity ω _T of the cutting blade 2 and the rotational angular velocity ω _W of the workpiece 1 / Ω _W ) is adjusted in a direction larger than 2 (for example, 2.01), the processed shape becomes a shape twisted counterclockwise around the axis. When the cutting blade 2 and the work material 1 rotate in the opposite direction, the relationship between the adjustment direction of the ratio (ω _T / ω _W ) and the twist direction of the work material 1 is opposite to that described above. Furthermore, the shape control unit 66 can increase the degree of twist of the processed shape of the work material 1 by separating the value of the ratio (ω _T / ω _W ) from 2.

  In addition, the shape control unit 66 adjusts (changes) the feed speed f stored in the parameter storage unit 60. By causing the shape calculation unit 62 to further use the feed speed f thus changed, the shape control unit 66 controls the degree of twist about the axis in the machining shape of the workpiece 1 calculated by the shape calculation unit 62. can do. Specifically, the shape control unit 66 can increase the twist degree by increasing the feed speed f, and can decrease the twist degree by decreasing the feed speed f.

In addition, the shape control unit 66 switches between the positive and negative rotation angular velocities ω _{W of the work} material 1 and the rotation angular velocities ω _T of the cutting blade 2, thereby cross-sections in the machining shape of the work material 1 calculated by the shape calculation unit 62. The shape can also be controlled. Specifically, the shape control unit 66 sets both the rotational angular velocity ω _{W of the work} material 1 and the rotational angular velocity ω _T of the cutting blade 2 to be positive or negative, thereby changing the shape of the cross section to a plate shape. Conversely, by setting one to be positive and the other to be negative, the shape of the cross section can be a spindle shape (rugby ball shape).

Further, the shape control unit 66 is configured so that the rotational speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and the rotational speed (N _W ) of the work material 1 in a state where the rotational radius _RT of the cutting blade 2 is set larger than the eccentricity ε. ) And the ratio (N _T / N _W ) of the workpiece 1 so that there is a minimum natural number M (M is greater than 2) and the rotational angular velocity ω _{W of the work} material 1 and the cutting blade 2 at least one adjustment of the rotational angular velocity omega _T (change). Here, the natural number is a positive integer excluding 0. By causing the shape calculation unit 62 to use at least one of the rotation angular velocities ω _W and ω _T thus changed, the shape control unit 66 can obtain a cross section of the machining shape of the workpiece 1 calculated by the shape calculation unit 62. The shape can be a polygon having the above-mentioned arbitrary natural number M sides. In other words, when the number of sides of the polygon having the cross-sectional shape is specified, the shape control unit 66 determines that the product of the ratio (N _T / N _W ) and the minimum natural number is the specified value. By adjusting at least one of the rotational angular velocity ω _{W of the work} material 1 and the rotational angular velocity ω _T of the cutting blade 2 so as to be equal to the number of sides, a machining shape having a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the designation is obtained. Can do. For example, the shape control unit 66 sets the product of the ratio (N _T / N _W ) and 1 to a natural number greater than 2, that is, the ratio (N _T / N _W ) is a natural number greater than 2. By changing at least one of the rotational angular velocity ω _{W of the work} material 1 and the rotational angular velocity ω _T of the cutting blade 2, the cross-sectional shape of the calculated work shape of the work material 1 is changed to the ratio (N _T / N _W ) Can be a polygon with the same number of sides. However, the minimum natural number at which the product of the ratio (N _T / N _W ) is an arbitrary natural number M (M is greater than 2) is not limited to 1. Further, when the cross-sectional shape is controlled as described above, it is desirable that the feed rate f be sufficiently small, such as a value smaller than the radius of curvature of the tip of the cutting blade 2.

  The index acquisition unit 65 acquires at least one of index information related to at least one of the twist direction around the axis and the degree of twist in the machining shape of the work material 1 and index information related to the cross-sectional shape in the work shape of the work material 1. To do. The index acquisition unit 65 may acquire at least one index information based on a user operation using the input device 56, or from a portable recording medium, another device, or the like via the input / output I / F 53. You may get it. For example, the index information is information indicating a desired twist direction such as clockwise or counterclockwise. In another example, the index information may be information indicating the adjustment direction of the twist degree such as strong or weak, or the adjustment direction and the adjustment range of the twist degree such as slightly stronger, slightly weaker, significantly stronger, and significantly weaker. May be information indicating that. In still another example, the index information is information indicating a desired cross-sectional shape such as a plate shape or a spindle shape. In addition, the index information may indicate the number of sides that the polygon of the cross-sectional shape has. The shape control unit 66 described above sets the cutting parameters stored in the parameter storage unit 60 as described above so as to obtain the machining shape of the work material 1 corresponding to the index information acquired by the index acquisition unit 65. Adjust (change).

[Operation example (simulation method)]
Hereinafter, a simulation method in the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the simulation apparatus 50 according to the second embodiment. In the following description of the simulation method, the simulation device 50 is the execution subject of each method, but each of the above-described processing units included in the simulation device 50 may be the execution subject, or partly executed by another device. It may be the subject. Moreover, in FIG. 16, the same code | symbol as FIG. 14 is attached | subjected about the same process as 1st Embodiment.

  The simulation device 50 includes index information related to the twist direction around the axis in the machining shape of the work material 1, index information related to the degree of twist around the axis in the work shape of the work material 1, and a cross section of the work shape of the work material 1. At least one piece of index information related to the shape is acquired (S161). The acquired index information is as described for the index acquisition unit 65. At this time, the simulation device 50 may cause the output device 55 to output the image data generated in (S143) using the cutting parameters held in advance. In this case, the user can input the index information using the input device 56 while looking at the machining shape of the work material 1 presented by the image data.

The simulation apparatus 50 adjusts (changes) the cutting parameters so as to obtain the machining shape of the workpiece 1 corresponding to the index information acquired in (S161) (S162). Specifically, when the simulation apparatus 50 acquires index information regarding at least one of the twist direction around the axis and the degree of twist about the axis in the machining shape of the work material 1, the cutting blade 2 is based on the index information. Of the work material 1 so that the ratio (N _T / N _W ) between the rotation speed (N _T ) and the rotation speed (N _W ) of the work material 1 changes in a direction smaller or larger than 2. At least one of the rotational angular velocity ω _W and the rotational angular velocity ω _T of the cutting blade 2 is changed. Moreover, when the simulation apparatus 50 acquires index information related to the degree of twist about the axis in the machining shape of the work material 1, the simulation apparatus 50 changes the feed speed f of the cutting blade 2 based on the index information. Moreover, when the simulation apparatus 50 acquires the index information regarding the cross-sectional shape in the machining shape of the work material 1, based on the index information, the rotation angular speed ω _{W of the work} material 1 and the rotation angular speed ω _{T of the} cutting blade 2. At least one of the positive and negative signs is changed. Moreover, when the simulation apparatus 50 acquires index information indicating the number of sides of a polygon having a cross-sectional shape in the machining shape of the work material 1, the product of the ratio (N _T / N _W ) is a natural number. At least one of the rotational angular velocity ω _{W of the work} material 1 and the rotational angular velocity ω _T of the cutting blade 2 is changed so that the product of the minimum natural number and the ratio is equal to the number of sides indicated by the index information. . When the cross-sectional shape is controlled in this way, the simulation apparatus 50 may adjust the feed speed f so as to be a sufficiently small value.

[Operations and effects in the second embodiment]
As described above, in the second embodiment, index information related to the machining shape of the work material 1 is acquired, and the rotational angular velocity ω _{W of the work} material 1 in the cutting parameters according to the shape index represented by the index information. and at least one of the rotational angular velocity omega _T of the cutting blade 2, or, feed rate f of the workpiece 1 is adjusted. As a result, the machining shape of the work material 1 is controlled so as to approach the shape index represented by the index information. Therefore, according to the second embodiment, if the user gives only index information representing an index of the machining shape of the work material 1 without setting fine values of the cutting parameters themselves, the twist direction, the degree of twist, and the cross-sectional shape The desired machining shape of the work material 1 can be obtained. For the cross-sectional shape, the number of sides of a plate shape, a spindle shape, or a polygon shape can be specified. Furthermore, by acquiring the cutting parameters automatically adjusted with the index information from the parameter storage unit 60, it is possible to acquire appropriate cutting parameters for obtaining a desired machining shape of the work material 1. it can.

  Examples will be given below to describe the above-described embodiments in more detail. The present invention is not limited in any way by the following examples.

In Example 1, the verification result about the analytical model of said Formula (3) and said Formula (4) showing the cutting operation | movement of a cutting machine appropriately is shown.
FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a simulation result and an actual cutting result when the processing shape of the work material 1 is a plate shape. Specifically, FIG. 17A is a diagram illustrating a machining shape of the work material 1 obtained by the simulation device 50 and the simulation method of each of the above-described embodiments, and FIG. It is a figure which shows the image of the to-be-cut material 1 actually cut with the cutting machine 100 set to the same cutting parameter as (a).

In the example of FIG. 17, the rotation direction of the work material 1 and the cutting blade 2 is the same, and the ratio between the rotation speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and the rotation speed (N _W ) of the work material 1. Was set to 2: 1. In this case, it is possible to form the blade-shaped portion 1b without twisting. From comparison between FIG. 17 (a) and FIG. 17 (b), the simulation device 50 and the simulation method in each of the above-described embodiments show the machining shape of the blade-shaped portion 1b (FIG. 17 (b)) by actual cutting. It is proved that the simulation is accurate.

  FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a simulation result and an actual cutting result when the processing shape of the work material 1 is a twisted shape. Specifically, FIG. 18A is a diagram illustrating a machining shape of the work material 1 obtained by the simulation apparatus 50 and the simulation method of each of the above-described embodiments, and FIG. It is a figure which shows the image of the to-be-cut material 1 actually cut with the cutting machine 100 set to the same cutting parameter as (a).

As shown in FIG. 18, the ratio of the rotational speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and the rotational speed (N _W ) of the work material 1 is slightly shifted from 2 to 1, thereby rotating around the axis of the work material 1. A twisted (helical) blade-shaped portion 1b can be formed. From the comparison between FIG. 18A and FIG. 18B, the simulation apparatus 50 and the simulation method in each of the above-described embodiments show that the helical blade-shaped portion 1b (FIG. 18B) is processed by actual cutting. It is proved that the shape can be accurately simulated.

The degree of twist of the blade-shaped portion 1b is adjusted by adjusting the ratio between the rotational speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and the rotational speed (N _W ) of the work material 1 or the ratio satisfies the above-described condition. It can be arbitrarily changed by adjusting the feed speed f in the state. It is also possible to change the degree of twisting in the middle of the blade-shaped portion 1b in the longitudinal direction by adjusting the cutting parameters during the machining of one work material 1. The degree of twist of the blade-shaped portion 1b is such that the slower the feed speed f is, the more the ratio between the rotational speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and the rotational speed (N _W ) of the work material 1 is away from 2: 1. It gets stronger.

Next, through the actual cutting of the cutting machine 100, the relationship between the rotation direction of the work material 1 and the cutting blade 2 and the processing shape of the work material 1, and the rotation speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and The result of verifying the relationship between the ratio of the rotational speed (N _W ) of the work material 1 and the machining shape of the work material 1 will be described as Example 2.

FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating a verification result of the relationship between the ratio between the rotation speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and the rotation speed (N _W ) of the work material 1 and the machining shape of the work material 1.

In FIG. 19B, the ratio (N _T / N _W ) between the rotation speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and the rotation speed (N _W ) of the work material 1 was set to 2.000. In this case, the processed shape of the work material 1 has a plate-like blade-shaped portion 1b without twisting.

In FIG. 19A, the ratio (N _T / N _W ) between the rotation speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and the rotation speed (N _W ) of the work material 1 was set to 1.999. In this case, the processed shape of the work material 1 has a blade-shaped portion 1b twisted in one direction.

In FIG. 19C, the ratio (N _T / N _W ) between the rotation speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and the rotation speed (N _W ) of the work material 1 was set to 2.001. In this case, the processed shape of the work material 1 has a blade-shaped portion 1b twisted in the direction opposite to that in the case of FIG.

Thus, according to FIG. 19, when the ratio (N _T / N _W ) between the rotation speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and the rotation speed (N _W ) of the work material 1 is 2, the plate shape It is proved that a machining shape twisted in the axial direction can be obtained by shifting the ratio (N _T / N _W ) from 2.

FIG. 20 shows the ratio between the rotation speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and the rotation speed (N _W ) of the work material 1 and the work piece when the rotation directions of the work material 1 and the cutting blade 2 are reversed. It is a figure which shows the verification result about the relationship with the process shape of the cutting material.

In FIG. 20B, the ratio (N _T / N _W ) between the rotation speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and the rotation speed (N _W ) of the work material 1 is set to 2.000. In this case, the processed shape of the work material 1 has a processed portion 1e having a spindle shape in cross section and no twist.

In FIG. 20A, the ratio (N _T / N _W ) between the rotation speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and the rotation speed (N _W ) of the work material 1 is set to 2.001. In this case, the processed shape of the work material 1 has a processed portion 1e having a spindle shape in cross section and twisted in one direction.

In FIG. 20 (c), the ratio (N _T / N _W ) between the rotation speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and the rotation speed (N _W ) of the work material 1 is set to 1.999. In this case, the processed shape of the work material 1 has a processed portion 1e that is twisted in the opposite direction to the case of FIG.

As described above, according to FIG. 20, it is demonstrated that the cross-sectional shape in the processed shape of the work material 1 can be a spindle shape by turning the work material 1 and the cutting blade 2 in the opposite directions. . Furthermore, according to FIG. 20, the ratio (N _T / N _W ) between the rotational speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and the rotational speed (N _W ) of the work material 1 is 2 while the cross-sectional shape is a spindle shape. In some cases, an untwisted shape can be obtained, and by shifting the ratio (N _T / N _W ) from 2, it is demonstrated that an axially twisted machining shape can be obtained. Further, according to FIG. 20, when the rotation directions of the work material 1 and the cutting blade 2 are opposite directions, the relationship between the adjustment direction of the ratio (N _T / N _W ) and the twist direction in the machining shape is It is demonstrated that the direction of rotation is the opposite of the same case. 19 (c) and 20 (a), it is demonstrated that the rotational speed ratio (N _T / N _W ) can be obtained up to 2.01, although the degree of twist varies. .

  Next, a result of verifying the relationship between the feed speed f of the work material 1 and the work shape of the work material 1 through actual cutting by the cutting machine 100 will be described as a third embodiment.

FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating a machining shape of the work material 1 when the feed speed f is 0.04 (mm / rev). FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a processed shape of the work material 1 when the feed speed f is 0.02 (mm / rev). FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a processed shape of the work material 1 when the feed speed f is 0.01 (mm / rev). (Mm / rev) is a unit indicating how many millimeters (millimeters) the work material 1 is fed per rotation. 21, 22, and 23, the ratio (N _T / N _W ) between the rotation speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and the rotation speed (N _W ) of the work material 1 is about 2.002 (= 999 (times / min) / 499 (times / min)). 21, 22, and 23, (a) shows an image of the processed shape of the work material 1, and (b) shows cutting conditions for obtaining the processed shape. Yes. However, the cutting conditions shown in (b) include information other than the cutting parameters described above.

  Hereinafter, the work material 1 and tool used in this verification and the cutting conditions will be described.

In FIG. 21, as the material of the work material 1, an alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) made of titanium, aluminum and vanadium was used. The diameter of the work material 1 was 10.0 mm. Therefore, the rotation radius _{R W} is 5.0 mm. A carbide tool was used as the cutting blade 2 (tool). The number of cutting blades 2 was 1.
The rotation speed (tool rotation speed) of the cutting blade 2 was set to 999 times / minute.
The rotation speed of the work material 1 was 499 times / minute.
The feed speed f was 0.04 mm / rev. That is, the cutting blade 2 was moved 0.04 mm in the axial direction of the work material 1 while the work material 1 was rotated once.
The diameter of the rotation circle of the cutting edge 2a of the cutting blade 2 (cutting edge circle diameter) was 14.57 mm. That is, the rotation radius _RT of the cutting blade 2 was 7.285 mm.
The amount of eccentricity ε was 6.28 mm.
One incision (described later) was φ1.0 mm.
The number of cuts (described later) was 8 times.
The thickness 2b (blade thickness) of the cutting blade 2 was 2 mm.
The dimension (working length) of the blade-shaped portion 1b in the axial direction of the work material 1 was 30.0 mm.
A water-soluble cutting oil was used as the cutting oil.
The processing time was 6 minutes.

  Here, the cutting process was performed by dividing the protrusion amount of the blade edge 2a from the inner periphery 4a of the cutting blade holding portion 4 in a stepwise manner and dividing it into eight steps. That is, the number of cuts was set to 8 as described above. In the first cutting step, the protruding amount of the blade edge 2a is set so that the blade edge 2a passes through the position inside the workpiece 1 by 0.5 mm from the peripheral surface of the workpiece 1 before cutting. . In the second cutting step, the protruding amount of the blade edge 2a was set so that the blade edge 2a passed through the position inside the workpiece 1 by 1.0 mm from the peripheral surface of the workpiece 1 before cutting. Hereinafter, in the third and subsequent cutting steps, the protruding amount of the cutting edge 2a is set so that the cutting edge 2a passes through the inside of the work material 1 by 0.5 mm sequentially from the previous cutting process. In other words, as described above, one cut was set to φ1.0 mm. That is, the cutting was performed so that the workpiece 1 was thinned by 0.5 mm × 2 = 1.0 mm each time one cutting process was performed.

In FIG. 22, only the following conditions are changed from FIG. 21, and the other conditions are the same as those in FIG.
The diameter of the work material 1 was 8.0 mm. Therefore, the rotation radius _{R W} is 4.0 mm.
The feed speed f was 0.02 mm / rev. That is, the cutting blade 2 was moved 0.02 mm in the axial direction of the work material 1 while the work material 1 was rotated once.
The diameter of the rotating circle (blade edge circle diameter) of the cutting edge 2a of the cutting blade 2 was 20.06 mm. That is, the rotation radius _RT of the cutting blade 2 was about 10.03 mm.
The amount of eccentricity ε was 9.03 mm.
The number of cuts was 6 times. That is, the cutting process was performed in six steps by increasing the protrusion amount of the blade edge 2a from the inner periphery 4a of the cutting blade holding portion 4 in a stepwise manner.
The dimension (working length) of the blade-shaped portion 1b in the axial direction of the work material 1 was 25.0 mm.
The processing time was 7.5 minutes (7 minutes 30 seconds).

In FIG. 23, only the following conditions are changed from FIG. 22, and other conditions are the same as those in FIG.
The material of the work material 1 was stainless steel (SUS304).
The feed speed f was set to 0.01 mm / rev. That is, the cutting blade 2 was moved 0.01 mm in the axial direction of the work material 1 while the work material 1 was rotated once.
The diameter of the rotation circle (cutting edge circle diameter) of the cutting edge 2a of the cutting blade 2 was 18.52 mm. That is, the rotation radius _RT of the cutting blade 2 was about 9.26 mm.
The amount of eccentricity ε was 8.26 mm.
The processing time was 15 minutes.

  21 to 23, it is demonstrated that when the feed speed f of the cutting blade 2 is increased, the degree of twist is weakened, and when the feed speed f is decreased, the degree of twist is increased.

In the above verification, the amount of protrusion of the blade edge 2a was changed stepwise, and the machining was performed a plurality of times (8 times in FIG. 21 and 6 times in FIG. 22), but by adjusting the cutting conditions, It is also possible to perform processing with one incision.
FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating a machining shape of the work material 1 when the number of times of cutting is one and the tool rotation speed is changed during cutting.

In FIG. 24, the tool rotational speed is set to 2999 times / minute from the tip of the work material 1 to 10 mm, the tool rotational speed is set to 2997 times / minute from 10 mm to 20 mm, and from 20 mm to 30 mm. Until then, the tool rotation speed was set to 2999 times / minute. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 24A, the twist direction is changed around 20 mm and 30 mm from the tip of the work material 1. That is, the ratio (ω _T / ω _W ) between the rotational angular velocity ω _T of the cutting blade 2 and the rotational angular velocity ω _W of the work material 1 is 2 from 10 mm from the tip to 20 mm to 30 mm. Since it is large, the machining shape is twisted counterclockwise around the axis of the work material 1, and the rotation angular speed ω _T of the cutting blade 2 and the rotation angular speed ω _{W of the work} material 1 are between 10 mm and 20 mm. Since the ratio (ω _T / ω _W ) is smaller than 2, the machining shape is a shape twisted clockwise around the axis of the work material 1. As shown in this verification, a complicated machining shape as shown in FIG. 24A can be realized with a single cutting frequency.

Next, the relationship between the cross-sectional shape in the machining shape of the work material 1 and the ratio (N _T / N _W ) between the rotation speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and the rotation speed (N _W ) of the work material 1. The results verified for are described below.

FIG. 25 shows the cross-sectional shape in the machining shape of the work material 1 and the ratio (N _T / N _W ) between the rotation speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and the rotation speed (N _W ) of the work material 1. It is a figure which shows a relationship. In this verification, seven values of 2 or more and 3 or less were set as the rotation speed ratio (N _T / N _W ), respectively, and the cross-sectional shape when the rotation speed ratio took each value was verified.

  When the rotation speed ratio was 2, a plate-like processed shape without twisting as shown in FIG. 19B was obtained. When the rotation speed ratio was 2.2, a processed shape having a polygonal shape (11-sided shape) having a cross-sectional shape of 11 sides was obtained. When the rotation speed ratio was 2.4, a processed shape having a dodecagonal cross-sectional shape was obtained. When the rotation speed ratio was 2.5, a machined shape having a pentagonal cross section was obtained. When the rotational speed ratio was 2.6, a processed shape having a cross-sectional shape of 13-sided was obtained. When the rotation speed ratio was 2.8, a machined shape having a cross-sectional shape of 14 squares was obtained. When the rotation speed ratio was 3, a processed shape having a triangular cross-sectional shape was obtained. Strictly speaking, each side of each polygon is arcuate.

As a result of this verification, the minimum natural number (multiple) at which the product of the ratio (N _T / N _W ) of the rotational speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2 and the rotational speed (N _W ) of the work material 1 is a natural number is obtained. When present, it has been demonstrated that the cross-sectional shape of the resulting processed shape is a polygon having the same number of sides as the product value. Thereby, it turns out that the number of angles of the cross-sectional shape (polygon) in the machining shape of the work material 1 can be freely controlled by adjusting the ratio of the rotation speeds. For example, although not shown in FIG. 25, the rotational speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade 2, the rotational speed (N _W ) of the work material 1, and their ratio (N _T / N _W ) Even if it is set, a processed shape having a heptagonal cross-sectional shape can be obtained. Therefore, even when the rotation speed of the cutting blade 2 or the rotation speed of the work material 1 is limited, each rotation speed for obtaining a desired cross-sectional shape can be obtained.
Number of revolutions of cutting blade 2 (N _T ): Number of revolutions of work material 1 (N _W ): Ratio (N _T / N _W )
7000 (min ⁻¹ ): 1000 (min ⁻¹ ): 7
1400 (min ⁻¹ ): 1000 (min ⁻¹ ): 1.4
1750 (min ⁻¹ ): 1000 (min ⁻¹ ): 1.75
3500 (min ⁻¹ ): 1000 (min ⁻¹ ): 3.5

[Modification]
The simulation device 50 in each of the above-described embodiments may be connected to the cutting machine 100 to be simulated so as to be communicable, or may be integrated within the cutting machine 100.

  FIG. 26 is a functional block diagram of the cutting machine 100 in a modified example. In the modification shown in FIG. 26, the cutting machine 100 and the simulation apparatus 50 are integrally formed. As shown in FIG. 26, the cutting machine 100 according to the modification further includes a control unit 40, a display unit 41, and an input operation unit 42.

  The display unit 41 is an aspect of the output device 55 described above, and is a screen that represents a machining shape of the work material 1 based on an input screen for cutting parameters and index information and image data generated by the data generation unit 63. Etc. are displayed. The display unit 41 can also display a screen representing cutting parameters stored in the parameter storage unit 60. The input operation unit 42 is an aspect of the input device 56 described above, and is used by a user (operator) to input desired cutting parameters and desired index information. An arbitrary user such as a keyboard or a mouse is used. Interface device.

  The control unit 40 includes the above-described CPU 51, memory 52, input / output I / F 53, and the like. The control unit 40 executes the simulation method in each of the above-described embodiments by executing a program stored in the memory 52 by the CPU 51, and controls the display unit 41 and the input operation unit 42.

  According to such a modification, the image data representing the machining shape of the work material 1 obtained by the simulation device 50 and the simulation method in each of the above-described embodiments is used as preview data before actual cutting. it can. The user views the preview of the machining shape of the work material 1 displayed on the display unit 41, and inputs the index information and the value of the cutting parameter itself, thereby cutting parameters stored in the parameter storage unit 60. Can be adjusted as appropriate.

  Further, the control unit 40 performs operation control and arrangement control of the first rotary motor 15, the second rotary motor 25, and the feed motor 35 using at least a part of the cutting parameters stored in the parameter storage unit 60 described above. You can also.

  Since the cutting machine 100 in the modification has the same structure as the Waring machine, it has the same advantage as the cutting by the Waring machine. That is, the cutting blade 2 is not always in contact with the work material 1, but the cutting blade 2 and the work material 1 are repeatedly contacted and separated periodically, so that overheating of the cutting blade 2 is suppressed and cutting is performed. There is an advantage that the life of the blade 2 is prolonged. Further, since the cutting blade 2 and the work material 1 are repeatedly contacted and separated periodically, the chips can be easily separated from the work material 1, so that the chips 1 or the cutting blade 2 are entangled with the work material 1 or the cutting blade 2. It is suppressed. Furthermore, since the volume of the work material 1 that the cutting blade 2 removes by one cutting is small, the cutting resistance is suppressed, so that the wear of the cutting blade 2 is reduced. As a result, machining accuracy is improved (deterioration of machining accuracy is suppressed).

  Further, in the cutting machine 100 in the modified example, rotation of the work material 1, rotation of the cutting blade holding portion 4 (that is, rotation in the cutting blade 2 modified example), and relative of the work material 1 to the cutting blade 2. Various shapes can be machined by controlling the movement of the three axes in total. For this reason, since operation control becomes easier compared with the case where many axes such as five axes or four axes are simultaneously controlled as in the case of cutting using a ball end mill, a computer program for operation control is provided. Extremely short. In addition, the time required for cutting can be greatly reduced as compared with the case of performing cutting using a ball end mill.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Work material 1a One end part 1b Blade shape part 1c Processed surface 1d Processed surface 1e Processed part 1f Processed surface 2 Cutting blade 2a Cutting edge 3 Work material holding part 4 Cutting blade holding part 4a Inner circumference 10 1st rotation mechanism 11 1st 1 rotation shaft 15 1st rotation motor 20 2nd rotation mechanism 21 2nd rotation shaft 23 locus 25 2nd rotation motor 30 feed mechanism 35 feed motor 40 control unit 41 display unit 42 input operation unit 50 simulation device 51 CPU
52 Memory 53 Input / output I / F
55 Output device 56 Input device 60 Parameter storage unit 61 Position calculation unit 62 Shape calculation unit 63 Data generation unit 65 Index acquisition unit 66 Shape control unit 100 Cutting machine 200 Cutting machine C _T rotation center C _W rotation center R _T rotation radius R _W turning radius ε eccentricity omega _T rotational angular velocity omega _W the rotational angular velocity

Claims (12)

In a simulation device for simulating the machining shape of a work material cut by a biaxial cutting machine,
The biaxial cutting machine is
A first rotation mechanism for rotating the work material around its axis at a rotational angular velocity ω _W ;
A second rotation mechanism that rotates the cutting blade at a rotation radius _RT and a rotation angular velocity ω _T around a second rotation axis that is eccentric with an eccentricity ε with respect to a first rotation axis that is a rotation axis of the work material;
A feed mechanism that feeds at least one of the work material and the cutting blade in the axial direction of the work material at a relative feed speed f;
With
The work material is a member of circular cross section of the rod-shaped with a radius R _W, are arranged inside or outside of the path of rotational movement of the cutting blade,
The cutting blade cuts the work material every time it rotates,
The simulation apparatus includes:
According to time t in a coordinate system having a first coordinate axis, a second coordinate axis, and a third coordinate axis that are orthogonal to each other with the rotation center of the work material as an origin, and the axial direction of the work material being a third coordinate axis Position calculation means for calculating the transition of the position of the cutting blade using the value x of the first coordinate axis, the value y of the second coordinate axis, and the value z of the third coordinate axis of the following formula (1);
Based on the transition of the position of the cutting blade calculated by the position calculating means and the condition of the following formula (2), the cutting of the work material by the cutting blade is simulated, thereby processing the work material Shape calculating means for calculating the shape;
Data generating means for generating image data representing the machining shape of the work material calculated by the shape calculating means;
A simulation apparatus comprising:
(In Formula (1) and Formula (2), φ is a delay angle of the other cutting blade with respect to the cutting blade as a reference when there are a plurality of the cutting blades.) In a state where the rotation radius _RT of the cutting blade is set larger than the eccentricity ε, the ratio (N _T ) between the rotation speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade and the rotation speed (N _W ) of the work material By adjusting at least one of the rotational angular velocity ω _{W of the work} material and the rotational angular velocity ω _T of the cutting blade so that ( _T / N _W ) changes in a direction smaller or larger than 2. A shape control means for controlling at least one of a twist direction and a twist degree around an axis in the calculated work shape of the work material;
The simulation apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: The shape control means controls the degree of twist about the axis in the calculated machining shape of the work material by further adjusting the feed speed f.
The simulation apparatus according to claim 2. A shape control means for controlling a cross-sectional shape in the machining shape of the workpiece to be calculated by switching between positive and negative of the rotational angular velocity ω _W of the workpiece and the rotational angular velocity ω _T of the cutting blade;
The simulation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: In a state where the rotation radius _RT of the cutting blade is set larger than the eccentricity ε, the ratio (N _T ) between the rotation speed (N _T ) of the cutting blade and the rotation speed (N _W ) of the work material _The rotational angular velocity ω _{W of the work} material and the rotational angular velocity ω of the cutting blade are such that there is a minimum natural number whose product of _T / N _W ) is an arbitrary natural number M (M is greater than 2). A shape control means that adjusts at least one of _T to change the cross-sectional shape in the calculated machining shape of the work material into a polygon having M natural sides;
The simulation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: Index acquisition means for acquiring index information regarding at least one of a twist direction and a twist degree around an axis in the machining shape of the work material;
Further comprising
The shape control unit adjusts at least one of the rotational angular velocity ω _{W of the work} material and the rotational angular velocity ω _T of the cutting blade based on the index information acquired by the index acquisition unit.
The simulation apparatus according to claim 2. Index acquisition means for acquiring index information relating to the degree of twist about an axis in the machining shape of the work material;
Further comprising
The shape control means adjusts the feed speed f based on the index information acquired by the index acquisition means;
The simulation apparatus according to claim 3. Index acquisition means for acquiring index information related to a cross-sectional shape in the processing shape of the work material;
Further comprising
The shape control means changes the sign of at least one of the rotational angular velocity ω _{W of the work} material and the rotational angular speed ω _T of the cutting blade based on the index information acquired by the index acquiring means. To
The simulation apparatus according to claim 4. Index acquisition means for acquiring index information indicating the number of sides of the polygon of the cross-sectional shape in the processed shape of the work material;
Further comprising
The shape control means is configured so that the product of the ratio (N _T / N _W ) and the minimum natural number is equal to the number of sides indicated by the index information acquired by the index acquisition means. Adjusting at least one of the rotational angular velocity ω _{W of the} material and the rotational angular velocity ω _T of the cutting blade;
The simulation apparatus according to claim 5. The simulation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
Based on the image data generated by the data generation means, a display unit that displays a screen representing the machining shape of the work material;
As the cutting parameters, the rotational angular velocity ω _{W of the work} material, the rotational angular speed ω _{T of} the cutting blade, the rotational radius R _T of the cutting blade, the feed speed f, the eccentricity ε, and the cross section of the work material a parameter storage unit for storing the radius R _W,
The feeding mechanism;
The first rotation mechanism;
The second rotation mechanism;
A control unit that controls the feed mechanism, the first rotation mechanism, and the second rotation mechanism, using at least a part of the cutting parameters stored in the parameter storage unit;
With
The work material, said a rod-like member of circular cross section having a radius R _W, are arranged inside or outside of the path of rotational movement of the cutting blade,
The cutting blade cuts the work material every time it rotates once.
2-axis cutting machine. In a simulation method executed by a computer of a processing shape of a work material cut by a biaxial cutting machine,
The biaxial cutting machine is
A first rotation mechanism for rotating the work material around its axis at a rotational angular velocity ω _W ;
A second rotation mechanism that rotates the cutting blade at a rotation radius _RT and a rotation angular velocity ω _T around a second rotation axis that is eccentric with an eccentricity ε with respect to a first rotation axis that is a rotation axis of the work material;
A feed mechanism that feeds at least one of the work material and the cutting blade in the axial direction of the work material at a relative feed speed f;
With
The work material is a member of circular cross section of the rod-shaped with a radius R _W, are arranged inside or outside of the path of rotational movement of the cutting blade,
The cutting blade cuts the work material every time it rotates,
The simulation method includes:
According to time t in a coordinate system having a first coordinate axis, a second coordinate axis, and a third coordinate axis that are orthogonal to each other with the rotation center of the work material as an origin, and the axial direction of the work material being a third coordinate axis The transition of the position of the cutting blade is calculated using the value x of the first coordinate axis, the value y of the second coordinate axis, and the value z of the third coordinate axis in the following formula (1):
Based on the calculated transition of the position of the cutting blade and the condition of the following formula (2), the machining shape of the work material is calculated by simulating the cutting of the work material by the cutting blade. ,
Generating image data representing the calculated machining shape of the workpiece;
A simulation method including:
(In Formula (1) and Formula (2), φ is a delay angle of the other cutting blade with respect to the cutting blade as a reference when there are a plurality of the cutting blades.)   A program that causes at least one computer to execute the simulation method according to claim 11.