JP2015032529A - Sulfide-based solid electrolyte - Google Patents
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- JP2015032529A JP2015032529A JP2013162929A JP2013162929A JP2015032529A JP 2015032529 A JP2015032529 A JP 2015032529A JP 2013162929 A JP2013162929 A JP 2013162929A JP 2013162929 A JP2013162929 A JP 2013162929A JP 2015032529 A JP2015032529 A JP 2015032529A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、硫化物系固体電解質に関する。 The present invention relates to a sulfide-based solid electrolyte.
難燃性の固体電解質を用いた固体電解質層を有する金属イオン二次電池（例えば、リチウムイオン二次電池等。以下において「全固体電池」ということがある。）は、安全性を確保するためのシステムを簡素化しやすい等の長所を有している。 A metal ion secondary battery having a solid electrolyte layer using a flame retardant solid electrolyte (for example, a lithium ion secondary battery, etc., hereinafter sometimes referred to as “all solid battery”) is used for ensuring safety. It has advantages such as easy to simplify the system.
このような全固体電池に関する技術として、例えば特許文献１には、硫化物系固体電解質に関する技術が開示されている。また、特許文献２には、ＬｉＦ、ＬｉＩを用いた硫化物系固体電解質について開示されている。
As a technique related to such an all-solid battery, for example,
特許文献１に開示されているような硫化物系固体電解は、水分が付着するとイオン伝導度が低下するという問題があった。特許文献２には、このようなイオン伝導度の低下を抑制する方法について記載されていない。
The sulfide-based solid electrolysis disclosed in
そこで本発明は、イオン伝導度の低下が抑制される硫化物系固体電解質を提供することを課題とする。 Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the sulfide type solid electrolyte by which the fall of an ionic conductivity is suppressed.
上記課題を解決するために、本発明は以下の手段をとる。すなわち、
本発明は、ＬｉＸ（ただし、ＸはＣｌ、Ｉ、Ｂｒ、ＦのうちＦを含む２種以上）を含み、ＬｉＸ全体のうち１５ｍｏｌ％以上２５ｍｏｌ％以下はＬｉＦである、硫化物系固体電解質である。
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention takes the following means. That is,
The present invention relates to a sulfide-based solid electrolyte that contains LiX (where X is two or more of F containing Cl, I, Br, and F), and 15 mol% to 25 mol% of LiX is LiF. is there.
本発明によれば、イオン伝導度の低下が抑制される硫化物系固体電解質を提供することができる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the sulfide type solid electrolyte by which the fall of ionic conductivity is suppressed can be provided.
本発明の上記した作用及び利得は、次に説明する発明を実施するための形態から明らかにされる。以下本発明を図面に示す実施形態に基づき説明する。ただし本発明は当該実施形態に限定されるものではない。 The above-described operation and gain of the present invention will be clarified from embodiments for carrying out the invention described below. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment.
硫化物系固体電解質は水分の付着によってイオン伝導度が低下する。本発明者は、硫化物系固体電解質にＬｉＦを所定量含有させることによって、水分の吸着を抑制し、イオン伝導度の低下を抑えられることを見出した。 The sulfide-based solid electrolyte has a reduced ionic conductivity due to adhesion of moisture. The present inventor has found that by containing a predetermined amount of LiF in the sulfide-based solid electrolyte, adsorption of moisture can be suppressed and a decrease in ionic conductivity can be suppressed.
硫化物系固体電解質に通常用いられるＬｉ３ＰＳ４やＬｉＩといった材料は水和しやすい。そのため、硫化物系固体電解質にＬｉＩ等を含有させると硫化物系固体電解質が水分を吸着しやすくなる。図１は、Ｌｉのハロゲン化物について水和のしやすさを示したグラフである。なお、図１には実験値と計算値を示している。 Materials such as Li 3 PS 4 and LiI that are usually used for sulfide-based solid electrolytes are easily hydrated. For this reason, when the sulfide-based solid electrolyte contains LiI or the like, the sulfide-based solid electrolyte easily adsorbs moisture. FIG. 1 is a graph showing the ease of hydration of Li halides. FIG. 1 shows experimental values and calculated values.
図１に示したように、ＬｉＩは水和しやすいのに対して、ＬｉＦは水和し難いことがわかる。そこで、本発明者は、硫化物系固体電解質に水和し難い材料であるＬｉＦを所定量添加した。その結果、イオン伝導度の低下を抑制することができた。ただし、ＬｉＦは他のＬｉのハロゲン化物に比べてイオン伝導度が低い。そのため、ＬｉＦを過剰に添加すると硫化物系固体電解質のイオン伝導度を低下させる虞がある。これらの観点から、本発明の硫化物系固体電解質は、ＬｉＸ（ただし、ＸはＣｌ、Ｉ、Ｂｒ、ＦのうちＦを含む２種以上）を含み、ＬｉＸ全体のうち１５ｍｏｌ％以上２５ｍｏｌ％以下はＬｉＦである。 As shown in FIG. 1, it can be seen that LiI is easy to hydrate, whereas LiF is difficult to hydrate. Therefore, the present inventor added a predetermined amount of LiF, which is a material that is difficult to hydrate, to the sulfide-based solid electrolyte. As a result, a decrease in ionic conductivity could be suppressed. However, LiF has lower ionic conductivity than other Li halides. Therefore, if LiF is added excessively, the ionic conductivity of the sulfide-based solid electrolyte may be reduced. From these viewpoints, the sulfide-based solid electrolyte of the present invention contains LiX (where X is two or more of F containing Cl, I, Br, and F), and 15 mol% or more and 25 mol% or less of the entire LiX. Is LiF.
本発明の硫化物系固体電解質としては、Ｌｉ３ＰＳ４を含有する硫化物系固体電解質を用いることができる。このような硫化物系固体電解質を用いることによって、Ｌｉイオンを伝導しやすくなる。また、本発明の硫化物系固体電解質は露点が−６０℃以上の環境で作製されることが好ましい。このような環境で作製することによって、水分の付着を抑制できる。 As the sulfide-based solid electrolyte of the present invention, a sulfide-based solid electrolyte containing Li 3 PS 4 can be used. By using such a sulfide-based solid electrolyte, it becomes easier to conduct Li ions. The sulfide solid electrolyte of the present invention is preferably produced in an environment having a dew point of −60 ° C. or higher. By manufacturing in such an environment, adhesion of moisture can be suppressed.
上述した本発明の硫化物系固体電解質は、電池の電極、電解質層に用いることができる。すなわち、当該硫化物系固体電解質を用いて電極や電池（積層電池を含む。）を構成することができる。 The sulfide-based solid electrolyte of the present invention described above can be used for battery electrodes and electrolyte layers. That is, an electrode and a battery (including a laminated battery) can be configured using the sulfide-based solid electrolyte.
（実施例１）
Ｌｉ２Ｓ（日本化学工業社製）とＰ２Ｓ５（アルドリッチ社製）とを出発原料として、Ｌｉ２Ｓを０．５７７０ｇ、Ｐ２Ｓ５を０．９３０５ｇ、ＬｉＩを０．４７６２ｇ、ＬｉＦを０．０１６３ｇ秤量し、それらをメノウ乳鉢で５分間混合した。その後、ヘプタンを４ｇ加え、遊星ボールミル（４５ｃｃ、ＺｒＯ２ポット、φ５ｍｍＺｒＯ２ボール５３ｇ）を用いて、５００ｒｐｍで２０時間メカニカルミリングした。その後、ホットプレートを用いて１２０℃で１時間加熱することによってヘプタンを除去し、硫化物系固体電解質を得た。なお、実施例１の硫化物系固体電解質では、ＬｉＩとＬｉＦとの合計量に対するＬｉＦの割合は１５ｍｏｌ％である。
Example 1
Starting from Li 2 S (manufactured by Nippon Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.) and P 2 S 5 (manufactured by Aldrich), Li 2 S is 0.5770 g, P 2 S 5 is 0.9305 g, LiI is 0.4762 g, LiF 0.0163 g was weighed and mixed in an agate mortar for 5 minutes. Thereafter, 4 g of heptane was added, and mechanical milling was performed at 500 rpm for 20 hours using a planetary ball mill (45 cc, ZrO 2 pot, φ5 mm ZrO 2 ball 53 g). Then, heptane was removed by heating at 120 ° C. for 1 hour using a hot plate to obtain a sulfide-based solid electrolyte. In the sulfide-based solid electrolyte of Example 1, the ratio of LiF to the total amount of LiI and LiF is 15 mol%.
（実施例２）
Ｌｉ２Ｓ（日本化学工業社製）とＰ２Ｓ５（アルドリッチ社製）とを出発原料として、Ｌｉ２Ｓを０．５９０４ｇ、Ｐ２Ｓ５を０．９５２０ｇ、ＬｉＩを０．４２９９ｇ、ＬｉＦを０．０２７８ｇ用いた以外は実施例１と同様にして硫化物系固体電解質を得た。なお、実施例２の硫化物系固体電解質では、ＬｉＩとＬｉＦとの合計量に対するＬｉＦの割合は２５ｍｏｌ％である。
(Example 2)
Starting from Li 2 S (manufactured by Nippon Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) and P 2 S 5 (manufactured by Aldrich), Li 2 S is 0.5904 g, P 2 S 5 is 0.9520 g, LiI is 0.4299 g, LiF A sulfide-based solid electrolyte was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 0.0278 g was used. In the sulfide-based solid electrolyte of Example 2, the ratio of LiF to the total amount of LiI and LiF is 25 mol%.
（比較例１）
Ｌｉ２Ｓ（日本化学工業社製）とＰ２Ｓ５（アルドリッチ社製）とを出発原料として、Ｌｉ２Ｓを０．５５８１６ｇ、Ｐ２Ｓ５を０．９０００ｇ、ＬｉＩを０．５４１９ｇ用いた以外は実施例１と同様にして硫化物系固体電解質を得た。なお、比較例１の硫化物系固体電解質ではＬｉＦを用いていない。
(Comparative Example 1)
Using Li 2 S (manufactured by Nippon Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) and P 2 S 5 (manufactured by Aldrich) as starting materials, Li 2 S was used at 0.55816 g, P 2 S 5 at 0.9000 g, and LiI at 0.5419 g. Except for this, a sulfide-based solid electrolyte was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. Note that the sulfide-based solid electrolyte of Comparative Example 1 does not use LiF.
（比較例２）
Ｌｉ２Ｓ（日本化学工業社製）とＰ２Ｓ５（アルドリッチ社製）とを出発原料として、Ｌｉ２Ｓを０．６２６６ｇ、Ｐ２Ｓ５を１．０１０ｇ、ＬｉＩを０．３０４２ｇ、ＬｉＦを０．０５９０ｇ用いた以外は実施例１と同様にして硫化物系固体電解質を得た。なお、比較例２の硫化物系固体電解質では、ＬｉＩとＬｉＦとの合計量に対するＬｉＦの割合は５０ｍｏｌ％である。
(Comparative Example 2)
Starting from Li 2 S (manufactured by Nippon Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) and P 2 S 5 (manufactured by Aldrich), Li 2 S is 0.6266 g, P 2 S 5 is 1.010 g, LiI is 0.3042 g, LiF A sulfide-based solid electrolyte was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 0.0590 g was used. In the sulfide solid electrolyte of Comparative Example 2, the ratio of LiF to the total amount of LiI and LiF is 50 mol%.
＜イオン伝導度の評価＞
上記のようにして作製した各例に係る硫化物系固体電解質について、２００ｍｇ秤量してアルミニウム皿にのせ、−３０℃露点下で１時間暴露して水分を吸着させた。その後、上記のように暴露した硫化物系固体電解質を１００ｍｇ秤量し、４ｔｏｎ／ｃｍ２でプレスすることでペレットを作製し、ＳＵＳ電極を用いて評価セルを作製した。そして、この評価セルを用いて、交流インピーダンス法（ソーラートロン）によって硫化物系固体電解質のイオン伝導度を測定した。その結果を図２に示した。
<Evaluation of ion conductivity>
About 200 mg of the sulfide-based solid electrolyte according to each example produced as described above was weighed and placed on an aluminum dish, and exposed to −30 ° C. for 1 hour to adsorb moisture. Thereafter, 100 mg of the sulfide-based solid electrolyte exposed as described above was weighed and pressed at 4 ton / cm 2 to produce a pellet, and an evaluation cell was produced using a SUS electrode. And using this evaluation cell, the ionic conductivity of the sulfide-based solid electrolyte was measured by an alternating current impedance method (solartron). The results are shown in FIG.
図２に示した結果からわかるように、ＬｉＦの含有量を所定の範囲とすることによって、硫化物系固体電解質のイオン伝導度の低下を抑制することができた。 As can be seen from the results shown in FIG. 2, the decrease in ionic conductivity of the sulfide-based solid electrolyte could be suppressed by setting the LiF content within a predetermined range.
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