JP2015031156A - Exhaust emission control device - Google Patents

Exhaust emission control device Download PDF

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JP2015031156A
JP2015031156A JP2013158673A JP2013158673A JP2015031156A JP 2015031156 A JP2015031156 A JP 2015031156A JP 2013158673 A JP2013158673 A JP 2013158673A JP 2013158673 A JP2013158673 A JP 2013158673A JP 2015031156 A JP2015031156 A JP 2015031156A
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exhaust gas
mixer
exhaust
emission control
control device
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JP6347474B2 (en
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オリビエ フルニエ
Olivier Fournier
オリビエ フルニエ
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Marelli Corp
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Calsonic Kansei Corp
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  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an exhaust emission control device capable of making the flow rate distribution of exhaust gas and the concentration distribution of an additive in a catalyst inlet uniform while achieving the compact size of the whole device.SOLUTION: With the downstream side of a linear pipe part 14, the upstream side of a chamber part 16 is communicated via a curved pipe part 15. Agitation means 5 is arranged in the linear pipe part 14 of an exhaust emission control device 1 in the chamber part 16 of which a catalyst 6 is disposed.

Description

本発明は、内燃機関の排気浄化装置に関し、特に排気通路に配置される撹拌手段に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an exhaust emission control device for an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to a stirring means disposed in an exhaust passage.

従来、内燃機関の排気浄化装置として、特許文献１に示すように、噴射ノズル、ＳＣＲ触媒（選択還元型触媒）、および酸化触媒を備えたものがある。この排気浄化装置は、排気ガス中に添加剤（尿素水溶液）を噴射し、排気ガスと添加剤を混合する。排気ガスと添加剤を混合されることで、添加剤中の尿素を、排気熱、および排気ガス中の水蒸気によって加水分解し、アンモニアを生成する。そして、排気ガス中の窒素酸化物とアンモニアはＳＣＲ触媒によって窒素に還元される。また、ＳＣＲ触媒で還元反応に利用されなかった余剰アンモニアを酸化触媒によって窒素、および窒素酸化物に酸化する。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes an injection nozzle, an SCR catalyst (selective reduction catalyst), and an oxidation catalyst. This exhaust purification device injects an additive (urea aqueous solution) into exhaust gas and mixes the exhaust gas and additive. By mixing the exhaust gas and the additive, urea in the additive is hydrolyzed by exhaust heat and water vapor in the exhaust gas, thereby generating ammonia. Then, nitrogen oxides and ammonia in the exhaust gas are reduced to nitrogen by the SCR catalyst. Further, surplus ammonia that has not been used for the reduction reaction by the SCR catalyst is oxidized to nitrogen and nitrogen oxides by the oxidation catalyst.

また、上記排気浄化装置は、車両に搭載される際に、コンパクトに配置されることが求められるため、触媒間の各排気管を半円状に曲げ、全体としてＳ字状に曲がりくねって配管されている。   Further, since the exhaust purification device is required to be arranged compactly when mounted on a vehicle, the exhaust pipes between the catalysts are bent in a semicircular shape and are bent in an S shape as a whole. ing.

特開２０１１−１１７３８５号公報JP 2011-117385 A

ところで、上記排気浄化装置は、排気管が曲がりくねっているため、排気管内で排気ガスの編流が発生する。このため、直線状の排気管に比べてＳＣＲ触媒入口での排気ガスの流速分布が悪化してしまう。また、添加剤と排気ガスが十分に混合されないため、発生するアンモニアの濃度分布に差ができてしまう。このように、ＳＣＲ触媒入口における排気ガスの流速分布と添加剤の濃度分布に差が生じることによって、ＳＣＲ触媒の還元効率が低下するとともに、ＳＣＲ触媒の劣化が局所的に進むおそれがあるという課題を備えている。   By the way, in the exhaust purification apparatus, since the exhaust pipe is winding, the knitting flow of the exhaust gas occurs in the exhaust pipe. For this reason, the flow velocity distribution of the exhaust gas at the SCR catalyst inlet is deteriorated as compared with the straight exhaust pipe. In addition, since the additive and the exhaust gas are not sufficiently mixed, there is a difference in the concentration distribution of the generated ammonia. As described above, the difference between the exhaust gas flow velocity distribution and the additive concentration distribution at the SCR catalyst inlet causes a reduction in the reduction efficiency of the SCR catalyst and a local deterioration of the SCR catalyst. It has.

そこで、本発明は、装置全体をコンパクトにしつつ、ＳＣＲ触媒入口における排気ガスの流速分布と添加剤の濃度分布を均一化することができる排気浄化装置を提供することを目的としている。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust emission control device that can make the exhaust gas flow velocity distribution and the additive concentration distribution uniform at the SCR catalyst inlet, while making the entire apparatus compact.

上記の課題を解決するために、本発明は、直線状管部１４の下流側に、チャンバ部１６の上流側が湾曲管部１５を介して連通され、該チャンバ部１６内に、触媒６が配設される排気浄化装置１であって、前記直線状管部１４に撹拌手段５が配置されたことを特徴としている。   In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is configured such that the upstream side of the chamber portion 16 communicates with the downstream side of the straight tube portion 14 via the curved tube portion 15, and the catalyst 6 is disposed in the chamber portion 16. The exhaust gas purification apparatus 1 is provided with a stirring means 5 disposed in the straight pipe portion 14.

また、前記撹拌手段５は、排気ガスの流れ方向に沿って配置される板状の整流部５１を備えることを特徴としている。   The stirring means 5 includes a plate-like rectifying unit 51 arranged along the flow direction of the exhaust gas.

さらに、前記整流部５１は、平板状部材で構成されることを特徴としている。   Further, the rectifying unit 51 is formed of a flat plate member.

加えて、前記整流部５１は、その下流側に旋回部５３が延設され、該旋回部５３は、流れ方向に対して所定の角度に傾けて形成されることを特徴としている。   In addition, the rectifying unit 51 has a swivel part 53 extending downstream thereof, and the swivel part 53 is formed to be inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the flow direction.

本発明は、撹拌手段５を直線状管部１４に設置したことによって、湾曲管部１５で排気ガスの流れる方向が反転する際に、湾曲管部１５内で流れが乱れ、触媒６入口における流速分布を改善することができる。また、インジェクタ４から噴射される添加剤が、撹拌手段５によって発生する流れによって撹拌され、触媒６入口における添加剤濃度分布を改善することができる。   In the present invention, when the stirring means 5 is installed in the straight tube portion 14, when the direction in which the exhaust gas flows is reversed in the curved tube portion 15, the flow is disturbed in the curved tube portion 15, and the flow velocity at the inlet of the catalyst 6. Distribution can be improved. Further, the additive injected from the injector 4 is agitated by the flow generated by the agitating means 5, and the additive concentration distribution at the inlet of the catalyst 6 can be improved.

本発明の一実施形態を示し、排気浄化装置の全体構成図である。1 is an overall configuration diagram of an exhaust emission control device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態を示し、図１のII-II線に沿った断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1, showing an embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態を示し、図２のIII-III線に沿った断面図である。FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the present invention and is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2. 本実施形態のミキサを示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the mixer of this embodiment. 本実施形態のミキサを構成する複合構成材を示す平面図で、（ａ）は下流側、（ｂ）は中央側、（ｃ）は上流側で単位構成材が連結していることを示している。It is a top view which shows the composite structural material which comprises the mixer of this embodiment, (a) shows the downstream, (b) shows the center side, (c) shows that the unit structural material has connected with the upstream. Yes. 第１エルボ部から第２チャンバ部までの配管内の流速を示すベクトル線図である。It is a vector diagram which shows the flow velocity in piping from a 1st elbow part to a 2nd chamber part. 本実施形態のミキサを配置した場合の配管内の流速を示すベクトル線図である。It is a vector diagram which shows the flow velocity in piping at the time of arrange | positioning the mixer of this embodiment. ミキサを使用しない場合のＳＣＲ触媒入口におけるアンモニアの濃度分布を示す等濃度線図である。It is an isoconcentration diagram which shows the concentration distribution of ammonia in the SCR catalyst inlet when not using a mixer. 本実施形態のミキサを配置した場合のＳＣＲ触媒入口におけるアンモニアの濃度分布を示す等濃度線図である。It is an isoconcentration diagram which shows the density | concentration distribution of ammonia in the SCR catalyst inlet at the time of arrange | positioning the mixer of this embodiment. ミキサの第１の別態様を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the 1st another aspect of a mixer. ミキサの第２の別態様を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the 2nd another aspect of a mixer. ミキサの第２の別態様を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the 2nd another aspect of a mixer.

以下、本発明の実施形態について、図面を用いて詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

図１に示すように、本実施形態の排気浄化装置１は、車両（図示せず）の動力源となるディーゼルエンジン（内燃機関）１０１の排気系に設置されている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the exhaust purification device 1 of the present embodiment is installed in an exhaust system of a diesel engine (internal combustion engine) 101 serving as a power source for a vehicle (not shown).

本実施形態の排気浄化装置１は、酸化触媒２、ＰＭ（粒子状物質）フィルタ３、インジェクタ（噴射ノズル）４、ミキサ（撹拌手段）５、ＳＣＲ触媒（選択還元形触媒）６、ＡＳＣ触媒（アンモニアスリップ防止触媒）７を備えている。   The exhaust purification apparatus 1 of this embodiment includes an oxidation catalyst 2, a PM (particulate matter) filter 3, an injector (injection nozzle) 4, a mixer (stirring means) 5, an SCR catalyst (selective reduction catalyst) 6, an ASC catalyst ( An ammonia slip prevention catalyst) 7 is provided.

ディーゼルエンジン１０１には、インタークーラ１０２付きターボチャージャ１０３が設置され、ターボチャージャ１０３のタービン出口１０４に排気浄化装置１が設置されている。つまり、タービン出口１０４には、連通管部１１を通じて、第１チャンバ部１２が連通し、この第１チャンバ部１２内には、酸化触媒２とＰＭフィルタ３が配置されている。そして、第１チャンバ部１２の出口部には、排気ガスの流れる方向を反転する１８０度の第１エルボ部１３が連通し、この第１エルボ部１３の出口部には、直線状の直線状管部（排気管）１４が連通している。ここで、第１エルボ部１３の出口部内には、インジェクタ４が配置されるとともに、直線状管部１４の入口側には、ミキサ５が配置されている。直線状管部１４の出口部には、排気ガスの流れる方向を再度反転する１８０度の第２エルボ部（湾曲管部）１５が連通し、この第２エルボ部１５の出口部には、第２チャンバ部１６が連通している。ここで、第２チャンバ部１６内には、ＳＣＲ触媒６とＡＳＣ触媒７が、配置されている。そして、第２チャンバ部１６の出口部には、排気ガスの流れる方向を再度反転する１８０度の第３エルボ部１７が連通し、この第３エルボ部１７の出口部には、外気に通じる連通管部１８が連通している。   A turbocharger 103 with an intercooler 102 is installed in the diesel engine 101, and an exhaust purification device 1 is installed at a turbine outlet 104 of the turbocharger 103. That is, the first chamber portion 12 communicates with the turbine outlet 104 through the communication pipe portion 11, and the oxidation catalyst 2 and the PM filter 3 are disposed in the first chamber portion 12. The first elbow part 13 of 180 degrees that reverses the flow direction of the exhaust gas communicates with the outlet part of the first chamber part 12, and the outlet part of the first elbow part 13 has a linear straight line shape. A pipe part (exhaust pipe) 14 is in communication. Here, the injector 4 is disposed in the outlet portion of the first elbow portion 13, and the mixer 5 is disposed on the inlet side of the linear tube portion 14. The outlet portion of the straight tube portion 14 communicates with a 180 ° second elbow portion (curved tube portion) 15 that reverses the flow direction of the exhaust gas again, and the outlet portion of the second elbow portion 15 has a first elbow portion. The two-chamber part 16 communicates. Here, the SCR catalyst 6 and the ASC catalyst 7 are arranged in the second chamber portion 16. A 180 ° third elbow part 17 that reverses the flow direction of the exhaust gas again communicates with the outlet part of the second chamber part 16, and the outlet part of the third elbow part 17 communicates with the outside air. The pipe part 18 communicates.

ディーゼルエンジン１０１から排出される排気ガスには、一酸化炭素（ＣＯ）、炭化水素化合物（ＨＣ）、窒素酸化物（ＮＯｘ）、粒子状物質（ＰＭ）が含まれている。そして、排気ガス中のＣＯとＨＣが、排気ガスが酸化触媒２を通過する際に化合して、二酸化炭素（ＣＯ２）と水（Ｈ２Ｏ）が生成される。また、排気ガス中のＰＭは、ＰＭフィルタ３で捕集される。そして、ＰＭが捕集された排気ガスには、インジェクタ４によって尿素水タンク４ａから供給される尿素水（添加物）が噴射される。ここで、噴射された尿素水中の尿素は、排気ガスの熱によって加水分解され、アンモニア（ＮＨ３）が生成される。そして、このＮＨ３とＮＯｘが、ＳＣＲ触媒６を通過する際に化合して、窒素（Ｎ２）とＨ２Ｏが生成される。また、排気ガス中に残ったＮＨ３は、ＡＳＣ触媒７を通過する際に、排気ガス中の酸素（Ｏ２）と化合してＮ２とＨ２Ｏに無毒化されて外気に放出される。 The exhaust gas discharged from the diesel engine 101 contains carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon compounds (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter (PM). Then, CO and HC in the exhaust gas are combined when the exhaust gas passes through the oxidation catalyst 2 to generate carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and water (H 2 O). Further, PM in the exhaust gas is collected by the PM filter 3. And the urea water (additive) supplied from the urea water tank 4a by the injector 4 is injected into the exhaust gas from which PM is collected. Here, urea in the injected urea water is hydrolyzed by the heat of the exhaust gas, and ammonia (NH 3 ) is generated. The NH 3 and NOx combine when passing through the SCR catalyst 6 to generate nitrogen (N 2 ) and H 2 O. Further, when NH 3 remaining in the exhaust gas passes through the ASC catalyst 7, it is combined with oxygen (O 2 ) in the exhaust gas, detoxified into N 2 and H 2 O, and released to the outside air. .

次に、ミキサ５の構成について説明する。本実施形態のミキサ５は、図２〜図５に示すように、排気ガスの流れを整える整流部５１と、直線状管部１４内にミキサ５を保持する支持部５２と、排気ガスの流れを旋回流に変える旋回部５３とを備えている。   Next, the configuration of the mixer 5 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the mixer 5 of the present embodiment includes a rectifying unit 51 that regulates the flow of exhaust gas, a support unit 52 that holds the mixer 5 in the straight tube portion 14, and a flow of exhaust gas. And a swivel portion 53 that turns the swirl into a swirl flow.

整流部５１は、平板状部材からなる６枚の整流片５１ａで構成され、排気ガスの流れ方向となる、直線状管部１４の中心軸Ｏの軸方向に沿って、整流片５１ａの各板面が配置される。そして、各整流片５１ａは、直線状管部１４の中心軸Ｏから径方向外側に沿って配置されるとともに、周方向に対して等角度間隔に配置される。また、整流片５１ａの径方向寸法５１Ｌは、直線状管部１４の半径ｒよりも小さく設定されている。   The rectifying unit 51 is composed of six rectifying pieces 51a made of a flat plate-like member, and each plate of the rectifying pieces 51a along the axial direction of the central axis O of the straight tube part 14 that is the exhaust gas flow direction. A plane is placed. And each rectification | straightening piece 51a is arrange | positioned along the radial direction outer side from the central axis O of the linear pipe part 14, and is arrange | positioned at equal angular intervals with respect to the circumferential direction. Further, the radial dimension 51L of the rectifying piece 51a is set to be smaller than the radius r of the straight tube portion 14.

支持部５２は、各整流片５１ａの径方向外側端から径方向外側に沿って板状に延設されつつ、板面が直線状管部１４の内壁面１４ａに沿って折曲げられることで形成される。そして、支持部５２の板面が内壁面１４ａに当接することで、ミキサ５は直線状管部１４内に保持される。   The support portion 52 is formed by bending the plate surface along the inner wall surface 14a of the straight tube portion 14 while extending in a plate shape from the radially outer end of each rectifying piece 51a along the radially outer side. Is done. The mixer 5 is held in the straight tube portion 14 by the plate surface of the support portion 52 coming into contact with the inner wall surface 14a.

旋回部５３は、各整流片５１ａの下流側端に延設され、中心軸Ｏの軸方向に対して所定の角度に傾けて形成される。また、旋回部５３は、扇形状を備え、扇の要部分が直線状管部１４の中心軸Ｏに対応しつつ、扇の円弧縁５３ｂが内壁面１４ａに面するように形成される。そして、旋回部５３は、図３に示すように、断面視で、扇の直線縁５３ａが隣接する整流片５１ａに接するように扇形状、および中心軸Ｏの軸方向に対する傾き角度が設定されている。   The swivel portion 53 extends at the downstream end of each rectifying piece 51 a and is formed to be inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the axial direction of the central axis O. Moreover, the turning part 53 has a fan shape, and is formed so that the main part of the fan corresponds to the central axis O of the straight tube part 14 and the arc edge 53b of the fan faces the inner wall surface 14a. As shown in FIG. 3, the swivel unit 53 has a fan shape and an inclination angle with respect to the axial direction of the central axis O so that the straight edge 53 a of the fan is in contact with the adjacent rectifying piece 51 a in a cross-sectional view. Yes.

つまり、本実施形態のミキサ５は、整流片５１ａ、支持部５２、旋回部５３を備えた板状部材からなる単位構成材５ａを６枚備えている。これら単位構成材５ａは、直線状管部１４の中心軸Ｏを挟んで対向する整流部５１同士が、連結部５４によって連結され、連結された２枚の単位構成材５ａは、１枚の複合構成材５ｂを構成する。つまり、本実施形態のミキサ５は、図５に示すように、３枚の複合構成材５ｂによって構成されている。各複合構成材５ｂは、連結部５４によって、２枚の単位構成材５ａが、中心軸Ｏを対称軸とする線対称に連結されている。なお、各複合構成材５ｂの連結部５４は、整流部５１の上流側、中央側、下流側をそれぞれ連結しており、ミキサ５に組上げる際に、これら連結部５４が干渉しないように、複合構成材５ｂが組まれる。   That is, the mixer 5 of the present embodiment includes six unit constituent members 5 a made of a plate-like member including the rectifying piece 51 a, the support portion 52, and the turning portion 53. In these unit constituent members 5a, the rectifying portions 51 facing each other across the central axis O of the straight tube portion 14 are connected by a connecting portion 54, and the two unit constituent members 5a connected are one composite. The constituent material 5b is configured. That is, the mixer 5 of this embodiment is comprised by the 3 composite component 5b, as shown in FIG. In each composite component 5 b, two unit component members 5 a are connected by a connecting portion 54 in line symmetry with the central axis O as the axis of symmetry. In addition, the connection part 54 of each composite component 5b has connected the upstream side of the rectification | straightening part 51, the center side, and the downstream side, respectively, and when assembling to the mixer 5, these connection parts 54 do not interfere. The composite component 5b is assembled.

上記構成によって、ミキサ５を直線状管部１４内に設置した際に、整流片５１ａの径方向外側端部と直線状管部１４の内壁面１４ａとの間、および旋回部５３の円弧縁５３ｂと直線状管部１４の内壁面１４ａとの間のそれぞれに、周方向に対して径方向寸法が一定に設定された隙間１４ｂ，１４ｃが形成される。   With the above configuration, when the mixer 5 is installed in the straight tube portion 14, the arc edge 53 b between the radially outer end of the rectifying piece 51 a and the inner wall surface 14 a of the straight tube portion 14 and the swivel portion 53. And the inner wall surface 14a of the straight tube portion 14 are formed with gaps 14b and 14c having a constant radial dimension with respect to the circumferential direction.

そして、ミキサ５が直線状管部１４内に設置されることによって、排気ガスが直線状管部１４内を流れる際に、直線状管部１４内には、図２に示すように、直進流路２１と旋回流路２２が形成される。   Then, by installing the mixer 5 in the straight tube portion 14, when exhaust gas flows through the straight tube portion 14, the straight tube portion 14 has a straight flow as shown in FIG. A path 21 and a swirl flow path 22 are formed.

直進流路２１は、ミキサ５と直線状管部１４の内壁面１４ａとの間の隙間によって、直線状管部１４内の内壁面１４ａ近傍に筒状に形成される。つまり、直進流路２１は、整流部５１と内壁面１４ａとの間に形成される隙間１４ｂと、旋回部５３と内壁面１４ａとの間に形成される隙間１４ｃを流れる排気ガスによって、隙間１４ｂ，１４ｃの下流側に形成される。そして、直進流路２１には、排気ガスが直線状管部１４の中心軸Ｏの軸方向に沿って流れる。   The straight flow path 21 is formed in a cylindrical shape in the vicinity of the inner wall surface 14 a in the straight tube portion 14 by a gap between the mixer 5 and the inner wall surface 14 a of the straight tube portion 14. That is, the straight flow path 21 has a gap 14b due to the exhaust gas flowing through the gap 14b formed between the rectifying unit 51 and the inner wall surface 14a and the gap 14c formed between the turning unit 53 and the inner wall surface 14a. , 14c on the downstream side. Then, the exhaust gas flows along the axial direction of the central axis O of the straight tube portion 14 in the straight passage 21.

旋回流路２２は、直進流路２１の筒内側に形成される。つまり、旋回流路２２は、直線状管部１４の旋回部５３下流側に形成される。そして、旋回流路２２には、排気ガスが直線状管部１４の中心軸Ｏの軸方向に対して旋回しつつ流れる。   The swirl flow path 22 is formed inside the cylinder of the straight flow path 21. That is, the swirl flow path 22 is formed on the downstream side of the swirl portion 53 of the straight tube portion 14. Then, the exhaust gas flows in the swirl flow path 22 while swirling with respect to the axial direction of the central axis O of the straight tube portion 14.

図６、図７は、直線状管部１４と第２エルボ部１５を排気ガスが流れる様子を示しており、矢印の向きが流れの方向、矢印の長さが流れの速さを表している。ミキサを設置しない場合には、図６に示すように、直線状管部１４の下方では流速が遅く、上方で流速が早くなる。このため、第２エルボ部１５では、流速の速い上方の流れが、そのままＳＣＲ触媒６に流れ込み、ＳＣＲ触媒６入口の各部における流速には、大きな差が生じている。   6 and 7 show a state in which the exhaust gas flows through the straight tube portion 14 and the second elbow portion 15, the direction of the arrow indicates the direction of the flow, and the length of the arrow indicates the speed of the flow. . In the case where no mixer is installed, as shown in FIG. 6, the flow velocity is low below the straight tube portion 14, and the flow velocity is high above. For this reason, in the second elbow portion 15, the upper flow having a high flow velocity flows into the SCR catalyst 6 as it is, and there is a large difference in the flow velocity at each portion of the SCR catalyst 6 inlet.

これに対して、ミキサ５を直線状管部１４に設置した場合には、図７に示すように、内壁面１４ａ周辺に形成される直進流路２１の流速が速く、旋回流路２２の流速が遅くなる。このため、第２エルボ部１５で排気ガスの流れる方向が反転する際に、第２エルボ部１５内で流れが乱れ、ＳＣＲ触媒６入口における流速分布が改善されている。   On the other hand, when the mixer 5 is installed in the straight pipe portion 14, the flow velocity of the straight passage 21 formed around the inner wall surface 14a is high as shown in FIG. Becomes slower. For this reason, when the flow direction of the exhaust gas in the second elbow part 15 is reversed, the flow is disturbed in the second elbow part 15 and the flow velocity distribution at the inlet of the SCR catalyst 6 is improved.

図８、図９は、ＳＣＲ触媒６入口におけるアンモニア濃度を示す等濃度線図で、図中に線の数が多いほど濃度差が大きいことを表している。ミキサ５を設置しない場合には、図８に示すように、インジェクタ４から噴射された尿素水が撹拌されないまま直線状管部１４内を流れるため、アンモニアの濃い部分と薄い部分が生じている。   FIGS. 8 and 9 are isoconcentration diagrams showing the ammonia concentration at the inlet of the SCR catalyst 6, and the concentration difference increases as the number of lines increases. When the mixer 5 is not installed, as shown in FIG. 8, the urea water injected from the injector 4 flows through the straight pipe portion 14 without being agitated, so that a thick portion and a thin portion of ammonia are generated.

これに対して、ミキサ５を直線状管部１４に設置した場合には、図９に示すように、インジェクタ４から噴射された尿素水が、ミキサ５によって撹拌され、ＳＣＲ触媒６入口におけるアンモニア濃度分布が改善されている。   On the other hand, when the mixer 5 is installed in the straight tube portion 14, as shown in FIG. 9, the urea water injected from the injector 4 is stirred by the mixer 5, and the ammonia concentration at the inlet of the SCR catalyst 6 is obtained. Distribution has been improved.

以上のことから、ミキサ５を直線状管部１４に設置したことによって、第２エルボ部１５で排気ガスの流れる方向が反転する際に、第２エルボ部１５内で流れが乱れ、ＳＣＲ触媒６入口における流速分布を改善することができる。また、インジェクタ４から噴射される尿素水が、ミキサ５によって発生する流れによって撹拌され、ＳＣＲ触媒６入口における添加剤濃度分布を改善することができる。   From the above, by installing the mixer 5 in the straight tube portion 14, when the direction of the exhaust gas flow is reversed in the second elbow portion 15, the flow is disturbed in the second elbow portion 15, and the SCR catalyst 6 The flow velocity distribution at the inlet can be improved. Further, the urea water injected from the injector 4 is agitated by the flow generated by the mixer 5, and the additive concentration distribution at the inlet of the SCR catalyst 6 can be improved.

つまり、直線状管部１４内で、旋回流は、直進流にぶつかりつつ、旋回を続けるため、アンモニアは内壁面１４ａに付着せずに排気ガス中に撹拌される。これによって、アンモニアが均一に分布するとともに、直線状管部１４の内壁に付着、堆積する尿素が減少し、排気系部品における腐食の発生を抑制することができる。また、隙間１４ｂ，１４ｃの径方向寸法を周方向に対して一定に設定することによって、形成される直進流路が安定し、内壁に付着、堆積する尿素をさらに減らすことができる。そして、噴射された尿素水が内壁に付着しないことから、噴射後、時間差なくアンモニアに加水分解されるため、アンモニア濃度を高い精度で制御することができる。これによって、インジェクタ４が必要十分な量の尿素水を噴射することになるため、尿素水の浪費が改善される。   That is, in the straight tube portion 14, the swirling flow continues to swirl while colliding with the straight flow, so that ammonia is not affixed to the inner wall surface 14a but is stirred into the exhaust gas. As a result, ammonia is evenly distributed, and urea that adheres to and accumulates on the inner wall of the straight tube portion 14 is reduced, and the occurrence of corrosion in the exhaust system parts can be suppressed. In addition, by setting the radial dimensions of the gaps 14b and 14c to be constant with respect to the circumferential direction, the formed straight flow path can be stabilized, and urea deposited and deposited on the inner wall can be further reduced. Since the injected urea water does not adhere to the inner wall, it is hydrolyzed to ammonia without time difference after the injection, so that the ammonia concentration can be controlled with high accuracy. Thereby, since the injector 4 injects a necessary and sufficient amount of urea water, waste of urea water is improved.

板状の整流部５１を排気ガスの流れ方向に沿って配置することによって、排気ガスの流れを妨げることなく、流れを整えることができ、下流側に形成される旋回流を安定させることができるとともに、整流部５１を平板状部材で構成することによって、製造コストを増大させることなく排気ガスを整流することができる。   By arranging the plate-like rectifying unit 51 along the flow direction of the exhaust gas, the flow can be adjusted without disturbing the flow of the exhaust gas, and the swirl flow formed on the downstream side can be stabilized. In addition, the exhaust gas can be rectified without increasing the manufacturing cost by configuring the rectification unit 51 with a flat plate member.

そして、整流部５１の下流側に旋回部５３を設けることによって、整流された後に旋回するため、整った旋回流が発生し、排気ガスの撹拌を促進させることができる。また、複数の旋回部５３が直線状管部１４内に等角度間隔で配置されることによって、下流側に形成される旋回流を安定させることができる。   And by providing the swirl | swivel part 53 in the downstream of the rectification | straightening part 51, since it swirls after rectifying | straightening, the prepared swirl | flow flow generate | occur | produces and it can promote stirring of exhaust gas. In addition, the plurality of swirling portions 53 are arranged in the straight tube portion 14 at equal angular intervals, whereby the swirling flow formed on the downstream side can be stabilized.

流れ方向に面して形成された板状の支持部５２の板面が、内壁面１４ａに当接することで、排気ガスの流れを妨げることなく、ミキサ５を直線状管部１４内に保持することができる。   The plate surface of the plate-like support portion 52 formed facing the flow direction is in contact with the inner wall surface 14a, so that the mixer 5 is held in the straight tube portion 14 without hindering the flow of exhaust gas. be able to.

複合構成材５ｂの各連結部５４が、整流部５１の上流側、中央側、下流側にずれていることで、ミキサ５を組立てる際の誤組付けを防止することができる。   Since each connecting portion 54 of the composite component 5b is shifted to the upstream side, the center side, and the downstream side of the rectifying unit 51, it is possible to prevent erroneous assembly when the mixer 5 is assembled.

なお、本実施形態の整流部５１は、平板状に形成されているが、ミキサ５を第１エルボ部１３の出口部に配置する等の場合には、第１エルボ部１３の曲率に合わせて湾曲させる構成としても良い。   In addition, although the rectification | straightening part 51 of this embodiment is formed in flat form, when arrange | positioning the mixer 5 in the exit part of the 1st elbow part 13, etc., it matches with the curvature of the 1st elbow part 13. It is good also as a structure bent.

次に、ミキサ５の第１の別態様について、図面を用いて説明する。なお、上記実施形態と同様の構成については、同一の符号を付し、詳細な説明を省略する。   Next, the 1st another aspect of the mixer 5 is demonstrated using drawing. In addition, about the structure similar to the said embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

上記実施形態のミキサ５が、６枚の単位構成材５ａで構成されているのに対して、本別態様のミキサ５Ａは、図１０に示すように、４枚の単位構成材５ａで構成されている点が上記実施形態と異なる。各単位構成材５ａは、上記実施形態と同様に、整流部５１、支持部５２、旋回部５３で構成され、連結部によって２枚一組の複合構成材に形成されている。   Whereas the mixer 5 of the above embodiment is composed of six unit component members 5a, the mixer 5A of this different aspect is composed of four unit component members 5a as shown in FIG. This is different from the above embodiment. Each unit constituent material 5a is composed of a rectifying portion 51, a support portion 52, and a turning portion 53, as in the above embodiment, and is formed into a set of two composite constituent materials by a connecting portion.

また、本態様のミキサ５Ａも、上記実施形態と同様に、断面視で、扇の直線縁５３ａが隣接する整流片５１ａに接するように設定されている。ところが、本態様のミキサ５Ａは、４枚の単位構成材５ａで構成されるため、隣接する単位構成材５ａとの角度間隔が、上記実施形態よりも広くなる。そこで、断面視で、扇の直線縁５３ａが隣接する整流片５１ａに接するように、扇形状、および中心軸Ｏの軸方向に対する傾き角度が設定されている。   Further, the mixer 5A of this aspect is also set so that the straight edge 53a of the fan is in contact with the adjacent rectifying piece 51a in a cross-sectional view, as in the above embodiment. However, since the mixer 5A of this aspect is composed of four unit constituent members 5a, the angular interval between the adjacent unit constituent members 5a is wider than that in the above embodiment. In view of this, the fan shape and the inclination angle of the central axis O with respect to the axial direction are set so that the straight edge 53a of the fan is in contact with the adjacent rectifying piece 51a in a sectional view.

以上のことから、本態様のミキサ５Ａは、上記実施形態と同様の作用効果が得られる。また、単位構成材５ａの枚数が少ないことから、排気ガスの流量が小さく、排気管の管径が小さくなる、排気量が比較的小さいディーゼルエンジン１０１の排気浄化装置として好適である。   From the above, the mixer 5A of this aspect can obtain the same effects as the above embodiment. Further, since the number of unit constituent members 5a is small, it is suitable as an exhaust emission control device for the diesel engine 101 with a small exhaust gas flow rate, a small exhaust pipe diameter, and a relatively small exhaust amount.

次に、ミキサ５の第２の別態様について、図面を用いて説明する。なお、上記実施形態と同様の構成については、同一の符号を付し、詳細な説明を省略する。   Next, a second alternative embodiment of the mixer 5 will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, about the structure similar to the said embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

本態様のミキサ５Ｂは、５枚の複合構成材で構成されている。上記実施形態のミキサ５では、複合構成材５ｂが、２枚の単位構成材５ａを連結部５４で連結することで構成されているのに対して、本別態様のミキサ５Ｂでは、図１１、図１２に示すように、整流片５５ａ（整流部５５）と旋回部５６で構成される単位構成材が整流片５５ｂ（整流部５５）に連結されることで、複合構成材が構成されている。つまり、組立てられた状態のミキサ５Ｂは、旋回部５６が延設された整流片５５ａと旋回部５６を有しない整流片５５ｂが、周方向に対して交互に配置される。なお、整流片５５ａの軸方向寸法５５Ｌａは、整流片５５ｂの軸方向寸法５５Ｌｂよりも長くなるように設定されている。   The mixer 5B of this aspect is composed of five composite components. In the mixer 5 of the above embodiment, the composite constituent material 5b is configured by connecting the two unit constituent materials 5a with the connecting portion 54, whereas in the mixer 5B of this different aspect, FIG. As shown in FIG. 12, a unit constituent material composed of a rectifying piece 55a (rectifying portion 55) and a turning portion 56 is connected to a rectifying piece 55b (rectifying portion 55), thereby forming a composite constituent material. . That is, in the assembled mixer 5B, the rectifying pieces 55a with the swivel portions 56 extended and the rectifying pieces 55b without the swivel portions 56 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The axial dimension 55La of the rectifying piece 55a is set to be longer than the axial dimension 55Lb of the rectifying piece 55b.

また、旋回部５６の円弧縁には、切欠５７によって段差が形成されている。この切欠５７を設けることで、直線状管部１４の内壁面１４ａとミキサ５Ｂとの間に隙間が形成され、この隙間を排気ガスが流れることによって、直進流路が形成される。   Further, a step is formed by a notch 57 at the arc edge of the turning portion 56. By providing this notch 57, a gap is formed between the inner wall surface 14a of the straight tube portion 14 and the mixer 5B, and exhaust gas flows through this gap to form a straight passage.

なお、切欠５７を整流片５５ａとの境界部分に設けることで、上記実施形態と同様に、内壁面１４ａとミキサとの間に環状の隙間と、隙間の下流側に筒状の直進流路を形成することができる。   In addition, by providing the notch 57 at the boundary portion with the rectifying piece 55a, an annular gap is formed between the inner wall surface 14a and the mixer, and a cylindrical straight passage is provided downstream of the gap, as in the above embodiment. Can be formed.

以上のことから、本態様のミキサ５Ａは、上記実施形態と同様の作用効果が得られる。   From the above, the mixer 5A of this aspect can obtain the same effects as the above embodiment.

本発明は、ディーゼルエンジンの排気系に利用することができる。   The present invention can be used for an exhaust system of a diesel engine.

１…排気浄化装置
５…撹拌手段（ミキサ）
６…触媒（ＳＣＲ触媒）
１４…直線状管部
１５…湾曲管部（第２エルボ部）
１６…チャンバ部（第２チャンバ部）
５１…整流部
５３…旋回部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Exhaust gas purification device 5 ... Stirring means (mixer)
6 ... Catalyst (SCR catalyst)
14 ... straight pipe part 15 ... curved pipe part (second elbow part)
16 ... Chamber part (second chamber part)
51 ... Rectification part 53 ... Turning part

Claims (4)

直線状管部（１４）の下流側に、チャンバ部（１６）の上流側が湾曲管部（１５）を介して連通され、
該チャンバ部（１６）内に、触媒（６）が配設される排気浄化装置（１）であって、
前記直線状管部（１４）に撹拌手段（５）が配置されたことを特徴とする排気浄化装置。 The upstream side of the chamber part (16) communicates with the downstream side of the straight pipe part (14) via the curved pipe part (15),
An exhaust purification device (1) in which a catalyst (6) is disposed in the chamber portion (16),
An exhaust emission control device characterized in that a stirring means (5) is arranged in the straight pipe portion (14). 請求項１に記載の排気浄化装置であって、
前記撹拌手段（５）は、排気ガスの流れ方向に沿って配置される板状の整流部（５１）を備えることを特徴とする排気浄化装置。 The exhaust emission control device according to claim 1,
The exhaust gas purification device according to claim 1, wherein the stirring means (5) includes a plate-like rectification unit (51) arranged along the flow direction of the exhaust gas. 請求項２に記載の排気浄化装置であって、
前記整流部（５１）は、平板状部材で構成されることを特徴とする排気浄化装置。 An exhaust emission control device according to claim 2,
The rectifying unit (51) is configured by a flat plate member. 請求項２、または請求項３に記載の排気浄化装置であって、
前記整流部（５１）は、その下流側に旋回部（５３）が延設され、
該旋回部（５３）は、流れ方向に対して所定の角度に傾けて形成されることを特徴とする排気浄化装置。 An exhaust emission control device according to claim 2 or claim 3, wherein
As for the said rectification | straightening part (51), the turning part (53) is extended in the downstream,
The swirling part (53) is formed to be inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the flow direction.
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