JP2015017536A - Silencer for supercharger - Google Patents

Silencer for supercharger Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2015017536A
JP2015017536A JP2013144515A JP2013144515A JP2015017536A JP 2015017536 A JP2015017536 A JP 2015017536A JP 2013144515 A JP2013144515 A JP 2013144515A JP 2013144515 A JP2013144515 A JP 2013144515A JP 2015017536 A JP2015017536 A JP 2015017536A
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Prior art keywords
silencer
intake
supercharger
air
turbocharger
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JP2013144515A
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JP5863720B2 (en
Inventor
浩一 坂元
Koichi Sakamoto
浩一 坂元
白石　啓一
Keiichi Shiraishi
啓一 白石
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Priority to JP2013144515A priority Critical patent/JP5863720B2/en
Priority to EP14822436.3A priority patent/EP2868910A4/en
Priority to KR1020157002263A priority patent/KR101547092B1/en
Priority to CN201480001930.7A priority patent/CN104487694B/en
Priority to PCT/JP2014/068001 priority patent/WO2015005252A1/en
Publication of JP2015017536A publication Critical patent/JP2015017536A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/441—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/444—Bladed diffusers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/12—Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification
    • F02M35/1205—Flow throttling or guiding
    • F02M35/1211—Flow throttling or guiding by using inserts in the air intake flow path, e.g. baffles, throttles or orifices; Flow guides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/12—Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification
    • F02M35/1205—Flow throttling or guiding
    • F02M35/1216—Flow throttling or guiding by using a plurality of holes, slits, protrusions, perforations, ribs or the like; Surface structures; Turbulence generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/12—Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification
    • F02M35/1288—Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification combined with or integrated into other devices ; Plurality of air intake silencers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/663—Sound attenuation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/50—Inlet or outlet
    • F05D2250/51—Inlet

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To resolve ununiformity of suction states of right and left suction air occurring with an axial line of a suction port as a reference, in a silencer for a supercharger including a suction housing.SOLUTION: A silencer 30 for a supercharger includes a suction housing H connected to an outside air introduction duct, and eliminates sound of suction air suctioned from radially outward with a rotor shaft of a supercharger body as a reference by being attached to the air suction port of the supercharger body. In the silencer 30, plural sound absorption splitters 2 are arranged radially toward a circumferential direction with the rotor shaft of the supercharger body as the reference, and installed so that the directions of parts of the sound absorption splitters 2 are different from the directions of residual sound absorption splitters 2.

Description

本発明は、例えば舶用機関のような大型ディーゼル機関の過給機に適用される過給機用サイレンサに係り、特に、吸気ハウジングを備えている過給機用サイレンサの構造に関する。   The present invention relates to a turbocharger silencer applied to a turbocharger of a large diesel engine such as a marine engine, and more particularly to a structure of a turbocharger silencer having an intake housing.

従来、内燃機関の燃焼用空気を圧縮し、密度の高い空気を燃焼室内へ送り込む過給機が知られており、たとえば舶用や発電用の大型ディーゼル機関においても広く使用されている。このような過給機は、燃焼用空気を圧縮する圧縮機及び圧縮機の駆動源になる過給機タービンが同軸とされ、ケーシング内に収納されて一体に回転する。なお、過給機タービンは、内燃機関の排気ガスが保有するエネルギにより駆動される。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a supercharger that compresses combustion air of an internal combustion engine and sends high-density air into a combustion chamber is known. For example, it is widely used in large diesel engines for ships and power generation. In such a turbocharger, a compressor for compressing combustion air and a turbocharger turbine serving as a drive source for the compressor are coaxial, housed in a casing, and rotate integrally. Note that the turbocharger turbine is driven by the energy held by the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine.

従来の過給機は、吸入空気から発生する騒音を消音するため、たとえば下記の特許文献１に開示されているような過給機用サイレンサが用いられている。この過給機用サイレンサでは、サイレンサエレメント（吸音体）として２回折れ曲がり形状（略Ｚ状）の吸音スプリッタを採用し、消音性能の維持と低圧損化を図っている。この吸音スプリッタは、多数を同方向に組み合わせて吸気流路に配置されている。   In order to mute the noise generated from the intake air, a conventional turbocharger uses, for example, a turbocharger silencer as disclosed in Patent Document 1 below. This silencer for a supercharger employs a double-bent-shaped (substantially Z-shaped) sound absorbing splitter as a silencer element (sound absorber) to maintain the sound deadening performance and reduce the low pressure loss. The sound absorbing splitters are arranged in the intake flow path by combining a number of them in the same direction.

すなわち、例えば図４及び図５に示す過給機用サイレンサ１，１Ａでは、吸音スプリッタ２が、吸気流路の入口部において、円周方向へ間隔を隔てた状態にして放射状に配置されている。
また、他の過給機用サイレンサにおいては、略Ｚ状に代えて曲線形状（円弧状等）の吸音スプリッタを組み合わせたサイレンサエレメントを採用したものもある。 That is, for example, in the turbocharger silencers 1 and 1A shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the sound absorption splitters 2 are radially arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction at the inlet portion of the intake passage. .
In addition, other turbocharger silencers may employ a silencer element in which a sound absorbing splitter having a curved shape (such as an arc shape) is combined instead of the substantially Z shape.

また、一般的な舶用機関の過給機用サイレンサ構造は、例えば図４に示す過給機用サイレンサ１のように、空気吸い込みハウジングがないため、ロータ軸を基準とした放射方向から空気を吸い込む構造の船内吸気方式となっている。
一方、吸気用のダクトを設けて船外から直接空気（外気）を吸い込む方式とした船外吸気方式の過給機用サイレンサ構造は、船外から温度の低い空気を過給機へ供給して機関の燃焼効率を高めることが可能になる。このような船外吸気方式のサイレンサ１Ａでは、例えば図５に示すように、サイレンサ本体（図４の過給機用サイレンサ１）を囲むようにして設けた吸気ハウジングＨに吸気用のダクト（不図示）が接続されている。 Further, since the silencer structure for a supercharger of a general marine engine does not have an air suction housing like the turbocharger silencer 1 shown in FIG. 4, for example, the air is sucked from the radial direction with respect to the rotor shaft. It has a shipboard intake system with a structure.
On the other hand, the silencer structure for an outboard intake turbocharger, which has a duct for intake and sucks in air (outside air) directly from outside the ship, supplies low temperature air from outside the ship to the turbocharger. It becomes possible to increase the combustion efficiency of the engine. In such an outboard intake type silencer 1A, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, an intake duct (not shown) is provided in an intake housing H provided so as to surround the silencer body (supercharger silencer 1 in FIG. 4). Is connected.

特開平１１−２００９６９号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-200969

ところで、上述した引用文献１に開示されている吸音スプリッタ２等のサイレンサエレメントは、本願の図１及び図５に図示するような吸気ハウジングＨのない船内吸気方式の過給機用サイレンサ１に適用すると、図４に矢印Ｆ１で示すように、吸気流れ方向を有するサイレンサエレメントに対して同一方向から吸気が通過する。このため、船内吸気方式の過給機用サイレンサ１では、サイレンサの全周にわたって略均一な吸い込みが可能となる。   By the way, the silencer element such as the sound absorbing splitter 2 disclosed in the above-mentioned cited document 1 is applied to the inboard intake type turbocharger silencer 1 without the intake housing H as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5 of the present application. Then, as indicated by an arrow F1 in FIG. 4, intake air passes from the same direction with respect to the silencer element having the intake flow direction. For this reason, in the ship-intake type turbocharger silencer 1, substantially uniform suction is possible over the entire circumference of the silencer.

しかし、本願の図１及び図５に図示するような吸気ハウジングＨを備えた船外吸気方式の過給機用サイレンサ１Ａでは、吸気ハウジングＨに開口する吸気入口Ｈｉの軸線Ｌを境界としてサイレンサ円周における吸気の吸い込み状態が不均一となる。すなわち、吸気の流入方向が吸気ハウジングＨにより限定されるため、吸音スプリッタ２の断面形状と吸気流れ方向Ｆ２との関係は、軸線Ｌを境界として略反対になる。このため、過給機用サイレンサ１の周囲においては、吸気の吸込み状態が不均一となる。この結果、吸気ハウジングＨを備えた従来の過給機用サイレンサ１Ａでは、サイレンサ内部の圧力損失が増加することにより、過給機性能の低下が懸念される。   However, in the supercharger silencer 1A of the outboard intake system provided with the intake housing H as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5 of the present application, the silencer circle with the axis L of the intake inlet Hi opening to the intake housing H as a boundary. The suction state of intake air around the circumference is uneven. That is, since the inflow direction of the intake air is limited by the intake housing H, the relationship between the cross-sectional shape of the sound absorption splitter 2 and the intake flow direction F2 is substantially opposite with the axis L as a boundary. For this reason, the suction state of the intake air becomes uneven around the silencer 1 for the supercharger. As a result, in the conventional turbocharger silencer 1A provided with the intake housing H, the pressure loss inside the silencer increases, and there is a concern that the performance of the turbocharger may deteriorate.

このような背景から、吸気ハウジングＨを備えた過給機用サイレンサ１Ａにおいては、吸気流れ方向を有する吸音スプリッタ２のようなサイレンサエレメントについて、その配置構造を改良するなどして過給機性能の向上を図ることが望まれる。
本発明は、上記の事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、船外吸気式の吸気ハウジングを備えた過給機用サイレンサにおいて、吸気入口の軸線を境界としてサイレンサ円周における吸気の吸い込み状態が不均一になることを解消できる過給機用サイレンサを提供することにある。 From such a background, in the turbocharger silencer 1A provided with the intake housing H, the silencer element such as the sound absorption splitter 2 having the intake flow direction is improved in the arrangement structure of the turbocharger. Improvement is desired.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a silencer for a turbocharger including an outboard intake type intake housing, with the silencer circumference around the axis of the intake inlet. An object of the present invention is to provide a silencer for a supercharger that can eliminate the non-uniform intake state of intake air.

本発明は、上記の課題を解決するため、下記の手段を採用した。
本発明に係る過給機用サイレンサは、外気導入ダクトに連結される吸気ハウジングを備え、過給機本体の空気吸込口に取付けられることで前記過給機本体のロータ軸を基準として放射方向外方から吸込まれる吸気の消音を行なう過給機用サイレンサであって、前記過給機本体のロータ軸を基準として複数のサイレンサエレメントが放射状に配置され、かつ、前記複数のサイレンサエレメントのうち一部のサイレンサエレメントの頂部の向きが残りのサイレンサエレメントの頂部の向きと異なるように設置されることを特徴とするものである。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.
A silencer for a supercharger according to the present invention includes an intake housing connected to an outside air introduction duct, and is attached to an air intake port of the supercharger main body so as to be radially outward with respect to the rotor shaft of the supercharger main body. A silencer for a supercharger that silences intake air sucked in from the side, wherein a plurality of silencer elements are arranged radially with respect to a rotor shaft of the turbocharger body, and one of the plurality of silencer elements The silencer element is installed such that the direction of the top of the silencer element is different from the direction of the top of the remaining silencer elements.

このような過給機用サイレンサによれば、過給機本体のロータ軸を基準として複数のサイレンサエレメントが放射状に配置され、かつ、複数のサイレンサエレメントのうち一部のサイレンサエレメントの頂部の向きが残りのサイレンサエレメントの頂部の向きと異なるように設置されるので、サイレンサエレメントの断面形状と吸気流れ方向との関係が反対の向きとなるものが減少し、吸気の吸込み状態が不均一になることを抑制できる。   According to such a silencer for a turbocharger, a plurality of silencer elements are arranged radially with respect to the rotor shaft of the turbocharger body, and the top of some silencer elements among the plurality of silencer elements is oriented. Since it is installed differently from the direction of the top of the rest of the silencer elements, the one with the opposite relationship between the cross-sectional shape of the silencer element and the intake flow direction is reduced, and the intake state of the intake air becomes uneven. Can be suppressed.

上記の発明において、前記複数のサイレンサエレメントの頂部のロータ軸を基準とした向きは、前記吸気ハウジングの吸気入口開口軸線を境にして異なる向きに設置されることが好ましく、これにより、サイレンサエレメントの断面形状と吸気流れ方向との関係が逆向きとなることを確実に防止または抑制することができる。そして、吸気の流速分布が均一化され、サイレンサ内部における吸気の吸込み分布も均一になるため、剥離や渦による性能低下を抑えることができる。
また、上記に発明において、前記吸気ハウジング内において吸気流れの干渉を防止する仕切り板をさらに備えることが望ましい。 In the above invention, it is preferable that the orientation with respect to the rotor shaft at the top of the plurality of silencer elements be set in different orientations with respect to the intake inlet opening axis of the intake housing. It is possible to reliably prevent or suppress the relationship between the cross-sectional shape and the intake flow direction from being reversed. And since the flow velocity distribution of intake air is made uniform and the intake air intake distribution inside the silencer is also made uniform, it is possible to suppress performance degradation due to separation and vortex.
In the above-described invention, it is preferable that a partition plate for preventing interference of intake air flow in the intake housing is further provided.

本発明に係る過給機は、請求項１から３のいずれかに記載の過給機用サイレンサを備えることを特徴とするものであり、従って、サイレンサエレメントの断面形状と吸気流れ方向との関係が反対の向きとなるものが減少し、吸気の吸込み状態が不均一になることを抑制できる。   A supercharger according to the present invention is characterized by including the silencer for a supercharger according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and therefore, a relationship between a cross-sectional shape of the silencer element and an intake air flow direction. It is possible to suppress that the opposite direction is reduced and the intake air intake state is not uniform.

上述した本発明によれば、吸気ハウジングを備えた過給機用サイレンサにおいて、吸気入口の軸線を基準として生じる左右の吸気の吸い込み状態が不均一になることを解消し、サイレンサ内部の圧力損失増加や過給機性能の低下を防止することが可能になる。   According to the present invention described above, in the silencer for a turbocharger provided with the intake housing, the suction state of the left and right intake air generated with reference to the axis of the intake inlet is eliminated, and the pressure loss inside the silencer increases. It is possible to prevent the deterioration of the turbocharger performance.

本発明に係る過給機用サイレンサの一実施形態として、吸気流路内におけるサイレンサエレメント配置例を示す縦断面図（ロータ軸と直交する方向の断面図）である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view (a cross-sectional view in a direction perpendicular to a rotor shaft) showing an example of arrangement of silencer elements in an intake passage as an embodiment of a silencer for a supercharger according to the present invention. 図１に示した過給機用サイレンサの過給機について、効率（縦軸）とコンプレッサ圧力比（横軸）との関係を従来構造と比較して示す試験結果の図である。It is a figure of a test result which shows the relation between efficiency (vertical axis) and compressor pressure ratio (horizontal axis) about the supercharger of the silencer for superchargers shown in Drawing 1 compared with the conventional structure. 本発明に係る過給機用サイレンサを備えた排気タービン過給機の一構成例を示す縦断面図（ロータ軸方向の断面図）である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view of a rotor axial direction) which shows one structural example of the exhaust turbine supercharger provided with the silencer for superchargers which concerns on this invention. 船内吸気方式（空気吸い込みハウジングなし）の過給機用サイレンサにおいて、サイレンサエレメント配置の従来例を示した縦断面図である。FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional example of silencer element arrangement in a supercharger silencer of an inboard air intake system (without an air suction housing). 船外吸気方式（空気吸い込みハウジング付）の過給機用サイレンサにおいて、サイレンサエレメント配置の従来例を示した縦断面図である。FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional example of silencer element arrangement in an outboard intake type (with air suction housing) turbocharger silencer.

以下、本発明の一実施形態に係る過給機用サイレンサについて、図１から図３を参照して説明する。
図３は、本発明に係る過給機用サイレンサを具備した排気タービン過給機の構成例を示す縦断面図であり、本発明に係る過給機用サイレンサは、このような排気タービン過給機１０に適用され得るものである。
図示の排気タービン過給機１０は、例えば、図示しない舶用ディーゼル機関（例えば、低速２サイクルディーゼル機関）に装着されて、舶用ディーゼル機関を構成するシリンダライナ（図示せず）の内部と連通する給気マニホールド（図示せず）に、圧縮された空気を供給する装置である。 Hereinafter, a silencer for a supercharger according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration example of an exhaust turbine supercharger equipped with a silencer for a supercharger according to the present invention. The silencer for a supercharger according to the present invention is such an exhaust turbine supercharger. It can be applied to the machine 10.
The illustrated exhaust turbine supercharger 10 is attached to, for example, a marine diesel engine (for example, a low-speed two-cycle diesel engine) (not illustrated) and communicates with the inside of a cylinder liner (not illustrated) that constitutes the marine diesel engine. A device for supplying compressed air to an air manifold (not shown).

図３に示すように、排気タービン過給機１０は、ガス入口ケーシング１１、ガス出口ケーシング１２、軸受台１３及びコンプレッサ側の空気案内ケーシング１４がボルト（図示せず）によって一体に締結されることにより構成されている。ロータ軸１５は、軸受台１３内にスラスト軸受１６及びラジアル軸受１７，１８により回転自在に支持されており、一端部にタービン部を構成するタービン１９が固結され、他端部にコンプレッサ部を構成するコンプレッサ羽根車（羽根車）２０が固結されている。   As shown in FIG. 3, the exhaust turbine supercharger 10 includes a gas inlet casing 11, a gas outlet casing 12, a bearing base 13, and a compressor-side air guide casing 14 that are integrally fastened by bolts (not shown). It is comprised by. The rotor shaft 15 is rotatably supported in the bearing base 13 by a thrust bearing 16 and radial bearings 17 and 18, and a turbine 19 constituting a turbine portion is solidified at one end, and a compressor portion is provided at the other end. The compressor impeller (impeller) 20 which comprises is consolidated.

一端部側のタービン１９は、外周部に多数のブレード１９ａを有している。このブレード１９ａは、ガス入口ケーシング１１に設けられた排気ガス導入路２２と、ガス出口ケーシング１２に設けられた排気ガス排出路２３との間に配置されている。
一方、他端部側のコンプレッサ羽根車２０は、外周部に多数のブレード２０ａを有している。このブレード２０ａは、空気案内ケーシング１４に設けられた吸入空気導入路（吸気流路）２４の後方に配置されている。吸入空気導入路２４は、コンプレッサ羽根車２０を介して渦巻き室２５に接続され、さらに、渦巻き室２５は図示しない吸入空気導入路を介してエンジンの燃焼室に接続されている。 The turbine 19 on one end side has a large number of blades 19a on the outer periphery. The blade 19 a is disposed between an exhaust gas introduction path 22 provided in the gas inlet casing 11 and an exhaust gas discharge path 23 provided in the gas outlet casing 12.
On the other hand, the compressor impeller 20 on the other end side has a large number of blades 20a on the outer peripheral portion. The blade 20 a is disposed behind an intake air introduction path (intake flow path) 24 provided in the air guide casing 14. The intake air introduction path 24 is connected to the spiral chamber 25 via the compressor impeller 20, and the spiral chamber 25 is connected to the combustion chamber of the engine via an intake air introduction path (not shown).

上述した排気タービン過給機１０は、吸入空気導入路２４の上流側に過給機用サイレンサ３０を備えている。この過給機用サイレンサ３０は、コンプレッサ部で圧縮する吸入空気が吸入空気導入路２４に吸入される前段（上流側）に、すなわち吸入空気導入路２４の入口部上流側に設置される装置であり、吸入空気を通過させることで空気流を整流するフィルタ機能と、吸入空気から発生する騒音を吸収する消音機能とを有している。
また、この過給機用サイレンサ３０は、サイレンサ本体３１の外周を囲むようにして設けた吸気ハウジング（空気吸い込みハウジング）Ｈに、船外から温度の低い空気を導入するための外気導入ダクト（不図示）が接続されている。従って、このタービン過給機１０は、吸気ハウジングＨを備えた船外吸気方式の過給機用サイレンサとなる。 The exhaust turbine supercharger 10 described above includes a supercharger silencer 30 upstream of the intake air introduction path 24. The turbocharger silencer 30 is a device that is installed upstream (upstream) of the intake air compressed by the compressor section into the intake air introduction path 24, that is, upstream of the inlet section of the intake air introduction path 24. There is a filter function that rectifies the air flow by allowing the intake air to pass therethrough, and a silencing function that absorbs noise generated from the intake air.
The turbocharger silencer 30 also has an outside air introduction duct (not shown) for introducing air having a low temperature from the outside of the ship into an intake housing (air suction housing) H provided so as to surround the outer periphery of the silencer body 31. Is connected. Accordingly, the turbine supercharger 10 is an outboard intake type supercharger silencer including the intake housing H.

このように、図１に示す過給機用サイレンサ３０は、外気導入ダクトに連結される吸気ハウジングＨを備え、さらに、排気タービン過給機（過給機本体）１０の空気吸込口に取付けられることにより、吸入空気導入路２４を介して過給機本体のロータ軸を基準とした放射方向の外方から吸込まれる吸気の消音を行なうように構成されている。   As described above, the turbocharger silencer 30 shown in FIG. 1 includes the intake housing H connected to the outside air introduction duct, and is further attached to the air intake port of the exhaust turbine supercharger (supercharger main body) 10. As a result, the intake air sucked from the outside in the radial direction with respect to the rotor shaft of the supercharger body via the intake air introduction passage 24 is silenced.

そして、本実施形態の過給機用サイレンサ本体３１には、吸気流路２４の入口部に、サイレンサエレメントとなる複数の吸音スプリッタ２が設置されている。
この吸音スプリッタ２は、ロータ軸１５の軸方向に存在するサイレンサ本体３１の壁面３２，３３と対向しない外周がアルミニウムのような金属製とされ、多数の通孔が形成されたパンチングメタルからなる外周壁Ｐｍにより周囲を取り囲まれている。また、吸音スプリッタ２の外周壁Ｐｍには、相互に逆方向に屈曲する２つの屈曲部２ａ，２ｂが形成され、従って、各吸音スプリッタ２は全体として略Ｚ形の断面形状をなしている。 In the turbocharger silencer body 31 of the present embodiment, a plurality of sound absorbing splitters 2 serving as silencer elements are installed at the inlet of the intake passage 24.
This sound absorbing splitter 2 has an outer periphery made of a punching metal in which the outer periphery not facing the wall surfaces 32 and 33 of the silencer body 31 existing in the axial direction of the rotor shaft 15 is made of metal such as aluminum, and a plurality of through holes are formed. Surrounded by a wall Pm. Further, the outer peripheral wall Pm of the sound absorbing splitter 2 is formed with two bent portions 2a and 2b which are bent in opposite directions to each other. Therefore, each of the sound absorbing splitters 2 has a substantially Z-shaped cross section as a whole.

このような吸音スプリッタ２は、吸気流れ方向に対して流路抵抗が少なくなるように配置される。
すなわち、本実施形態における吸音スプリッタ２を使用する場合には、略Ｚ形の断面形状において屈曲部の頂部２ａが一方向となるように（より具体的には、図５のように、全ての吸音スプリット２の屈曲部の頂部２ａがロータ軸から見た場合に全て左向き（別の実施例においては全ての吸音スプリット２の屈曲部の頂部２ａがロータ軸から見た場合に全て右向き）となるように）配置されるよりも、吸音スプリッタ２の屈曲部の頂部２ａが吸気流れ方向下流側の向き（つまり図１における矢印Ｆ３の向き）となるように配置されると流路抵抗が小さくなる。
そこで、吸気ハウジングＨを備えた過給機用サイレンサ３０では、少なくとも一部の吸音スプリッタ２の屈曲部の頂部２ａのロータ軸から見た向きが異なるように設置される。 Such a sound-absorbing splitter 2 is arranged such that the flow path resistance is reduced with respect to the intake flow direction.
That is, when using the sound absorption splitter 2 in the present embodiment, the top 2a of the bent portion is in one direction in the substantially Z-shaped cross-sectional shape (more specifically, as shown in FIG. The tops 2a of the bent portions of the sound absorbing split 2 are all leftward when viewed from the rotor shaft (in another embodiment, the tops 2a of the bent portions of all the sound absorbing splits 2 are all right when viewed from the rotor shaft). If the top 2a of the bent portion of the sound absorption splitter 2 is arranged in the downstream direction of the intake flow direction (that is, the direction of the arrow F3 in FIG. 1), the flow path resistance becomes smaller. .
In view of this, the turbocharger silencer 30 including the intake housing H is installed such that at least some of the sound absorbing splitters 2 are bent at the tops 2a of the bent portions, as viewed from the rotor shaft.

ここで、本実施形態における吸音スプリッタ２の配置例を具体的に説明すると、図１の吸音スプリッタ２は、吸気ハウジングＨの吸気入口開口Ｈｉの軸線Ｌを境にして、吸音スプリッタ２の屈曲部の頂部２ａの向きがロータ軸から見て異なる向きとなるように設置されている。換言すれば、吸音スプリッタ２の屈曲部の頂部２ａの向きが、軸線Ｌを中心にして断面形状が略左右対称となるように配置されている。この場合、吸気入口開口Ｈｉの軸線Ｌは、水平線からθ１の軸線傾斜角度に設けられている。この軸線傾斜角度θ１は０〜９０度の範囲となり、出口側の角度θ２についても０度からθ１となる。従って、吸音スプリッタ２の屈曲部の頂部２ａの向きは、軸線傾斜角度θ１が０度に近い場合、見かけ上軸線Ｌを中心にして略上下対称の配置となることもある。   Here, the arrangement example of the sound absorption splitter 2 in the present embodiment will be specifically described. The sound absorption splitter 2 in FIG. 1 is a bent portion of the sound absorption splitter 2 with the axis L of the intake inlet opening Hi of the intake housing H as a boundary. The top part 2a is installed so that the direction of the top part 2a is different when viewed from the rotor shaft. In other words, the direction of the apex 2a of the bent portion of the sound absorbing splitter 2 is arranged so that the cross-sectional shape is substantially bilaterally symmetric about the axis L. In this case, the axis L of the intake inlet opening Hi is provided at an axis inclination angle of θ1 from the horizontal line. The axis inclination angle θ1 is in the range of 0 to 90 degrees, and the angle θ2 on the exit side is also from 0 degrees to θ1. Therefore, the direction of the apex portion 2a of the bent portion of the sound absorbing splitter 2 may be substantially vertically symmetrical about the axis L when apparently the axis inclination angle θ1 is close to 0 degrees.

また、本実施形態の過給機用サイレンサ３０は、吸気ハウジング内で吸気の流れが干渉しないように仕切板を設けてもよい。より好ましくは、吸気入口開口Ｈｉの軸線Ｌ上であって、吸気入口開口Ｈｉの位置とは反対となる位置に仕切板４０を設け、吸気の流れが干渉することを防止してもよい。
なお、図示の構成例では、軸線Ｌの左右で吸音スプリッタ２の数が２２枚または２３枚と異なっているが、このような向きの異なる数量違いの配置についても、実質的には左右対称と考えることができる。 Further, the turbocharger silencer 30 of the present embodiment may be provided with a partition plate so that the flow of intake air does not interfere in the intake housing. More preferably, a partition plate 40 may be provided at a position on the axis L of the intake inlet opening Hi and opposite to the position of the intake inlet opening Hi to prevent the intake air flow from interfering.
In the illustrated configuration example, the number of the sound absorbing splitters 2 on the left and right of the axis L is different from 22 or 23. However, the arrangement of the different quantity in different directions is substantially symmetrical. Can think.

すなわち、軸線Ｌを境にしたサイレンサ３０の左右において、吸音スプリッタ２は、頂部２ａがいずれも吸気の流れ方向下流側となるような配置にして、吸気流路２４の入口部に円周方向へ間隔を隔てた放射状に配置されている。
なお、頂部２ａを吸気の流れ方向下流側とする吸音スプリッタ２の配置は、通過する吸気の流れ方向が所定の空気流れ方向と反対の向きになる領域に存在する全ての吸音スプリッタ２を対象とすることが望ましい。 That is, on the left and right sides of the silencer 30 with the axis L as the boundary, the sound absorbing splitter 2 is arranged so that the top portion 2a is on the downstream side in the flow direction of the intake air. They are arranged radially at intervals.
The arrangement of the sound absorption splitter 2 with the top portion 2a on the downstream side in the flow direction of the intake air is intended for all the sound absorption splitters 2 existing in a region where the flow direction of the intake air passing therethrough is opposite to the predetermined air flow direction. It is desirable to do.

このように、吸音スプリッタ２の屈曲部の頂部２ａの向きが、軸線Ｌを境にして線対称となるように配置されていれば、吸気ハウジングＨに導入された吸気（図１の矢印Ｆ３を参照）は、軸線Ｌを境にして左右どちらの流路を通過しても所定の流れ方向に流れて略同様の圧力損失を受ける。従って、どちらの流路を通過しても圧力損失は略同じになり、この結果、吸気の吸込み状態が軸線Ｌを境に不均一になることを解消できるので、サイレンサ内部の圧力損失増加や過給機性能の低下を防止できる。
すなわち、軸線Ｌに対して左右対称のサイレンサエレメント構造とすることにより、過給機用サイレンサ３０の周囲においては、吸気ハウジングＨの内部における吸気の流速分布や吸込分布が均一化し、流れの剥離や渦による過給機性能の低下を抑制できる。 In this way, if the direction of the apex 2a of the bent portion of the sound absorption splitter 2 is arranged so as to be line symmetric with respect to the axis L, the intake air introduced into the intake housing H (the arrow F3 in FIG. No.) flows in a predetermined flow direction regardless of which of the right and left flow paths with the axis L as a boundary, and receives substantially the same pressure loss. Accordingly, the pressure loss is substantially the same regardless of which flow path is passed, and as a result, it is possible to eliminate the non-uniform intake state of the intake air from the axis L, thereby increasing the pressure loss inside the silencer. It is possible to prevent deterioration of the feeder performance.
That is, by adopting a silencer element structure that is symmetrical with respect to the axis L, the flow velocity distribution and suction distribution of the intake air inside the intake housing H are made uniform around the silencer 30 for the turbocharger. Reduction of supercharger performance due to vortices can be suppressed.

上述したように、本実施形態のサイレンサを適用した過給機は、図２に示す試験結果から明らかなように、従来構造との比較において低負荷時の過給効率がより改善されて向上している。   As described above, the turbocharger to which the silencer of the present embodiment is applied is improved by improving the supercharging efficiency at low load as compared with the conventional structure, as is clear from the test results shown in FIG. ing.

ところで、上述実施形態では、サイレンサエレメントを吸音スプリッタ２として説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されることはなく、例えば円弧状断面等のように、所定の流れ方向を有する他のサイレンサエレメントにも適用可能なことは言うまでもない。
なお、本発明は上述した実施形態に限定されることはなく、その要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において適宜変更することができる。 In the above embodiment, the silencer element has been described as the sound absorption splitter 2, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, other silencer elements having a predetermined flow direction such as an arc-shaped cross section may be used. It goes without saying that is also applicable.
In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, In the range which does not deviate from the summary, it can change suitably.

２ 吸音スプリッタ（サイレンサエレメント）
２ａ，２ｂ 頂部
１０ 排気タービン過給機
１５ ロータ軸
２０ コンプレッサ羽根車
２４ 吸入空気導入路
３０ 過給機用サイレンサ
３１ サイレンサ本体
３２，３３ 壁面
Ｈ 吸気ハウジング
Ｈｉ 吸気入口開口
Ｌ 軸線
2 Sound absorption splitter (silencer element)
2a, 2b Top 10 Exhaust turbine supercharger 15 Rotor shaft 20 Compressor impeller 24 Intake air introduction path 30 Supercharger silencer 31 Silencer body 32, 33 Wall surface H Intake housing Hi Intake inlet opening L Axis

Claims (4)

外気導入ダクトに連結される吸気ハウジングを備え、過給機本体の空気吸込口に取付けられることで前記過給機本体のロータ軸を基準として放射方向外方から吸込まれる吸気の消音を行なう過給機用サイレンサであって、
前記過給機本体のロータ軸を基準として複数のサイレンサエレメントが放射状に配置され、かつ、前記複数のサイレンサエレメントのうち一部のサイレンサエレメントの頂部の向きが残りのサイレンサエレメントの頂部の向きと異なるように設置されることを特徴とする過給機用サイレンサ。 An intake housing connected to the outside air introduction duct is provided, and is attached to an air intake port of the turbocharger main body so as to mute the intake air sucked from the outside in the radial direction with respect to the rotor shaft of the turbocharger main body. A silencer for a feeder,
A plurality of silencer elements are arranged radially with respect to the rotor shaft of the turbocharger main body, and the direction of the top of some of the silencer elements is different from the direction of the top of the remaining silencer elements. A silencer for a supercharger characterized by being installed as follows. 前記複数のサイレンサエレメントの頂部のロータ軸を基準とした向きは、前記吸気ハウジングの吸気入口開口軸線を境にして異なる向きに設置されることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の過給機用サイレンサ。   2. The turbocharger according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of silencer elements are installed in directions different from each other with respect to a rotor shaft at the top of the silencer element, with an intake inlet opening axis of the intake housing as a boundary. Silencer. 前記吸気ハウジング内において吸気流れの干渉を防止する仕切り板をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の過給機用サイレンサ。   The silencer for a supercharger according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a partition plate for preventing interference of intake air flow in the intake housing. 請求項１から３のいずれかに記載の過給機用サイレンサを備えることを特徴とする過給機。
A supercharger comprising the silencer for a supercharger according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
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WO2015005252A1 (en) 2015-01-15
EP2868910A1 (en) 2015-05-06

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