JP2015002702A - Moving cultivation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a moving cultivation apparatus that simultaneously satisfies improvement in work efficiency or yield efficiency, and reduction in heating cost.SOLUTION: A heating device of a moving cultivation apparatus of the present invention is a moving cultivation apparatus which is provided in a greenhouse and conveys the cultivation apparatus in a circulating manner by a conveyance apparatus, comprises a heat insulation curtain that covers an outer periphery of the moving cultivation apparatus. The heat insulation curtain includes: an upper curtain that covers an upper portion of the moving cultivation apparatus and a part of which is constituted in an openable/closable manner; and a side curtain that covers sides of the moving cultivation apparatus and a part of which is constituted in an openable/closable manner. The height of the upper curtain is set higher than a top end height, to which a crop plant cultivated by the cultivation apparatus grows to its maximum, by a predetermined height.

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for heating a mobile cultivation apparatus by providing a curtain.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a mobile cultivation apparatus that circulates and conveys a plurality of planters that cultivate vegetables and florets in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction is known (see Patent Document 1).
In the mobile cultivation device, the cultivation bench supporting the planter circulates, so that workers can work on all the crops in the mobile cultivation device at a fixed position without moving under the individual planter. Can do.

JP 2010-057448 A

The mobile cultivation apparatus is generally provided in a greenhouse. In winter, it is necessary to heat the inside of the greenhouse, but the cost of heating is also increasing due to soaring fuel costs. In order to reduce the heating cost as much as possible, a double curtain system can be considered. However, in order to secure the management and harvesting work space for workers, the height of the inner curtain cannot be lower than about 2 meters. There was a limit to reducing costs.
Therefore, an attempt is made to provide a curtain that can install a space for heating as small as possible.

  The heating device of the mobile cultivation device of the present invention is a mobile cultivation device that is provided in a greenhouse and circulates and conveys the cultivation device by a conveyance device, and includes a heat insulation curtain that covers an outer periphery of the mobile cultivation device, and the heat insulation curtain. Covers the upper part of the mobile cultivation device, and a part of the upper curtain that can be opened and closed, and the side curtain that covers the side of the mobile cultivation device and that part of the movable cultivation device can be opened and closed. The height of the upper curtain is set higher by a predetermined height than the upper end height when the crop cultivated by the cultivating apparatus grows to the maximum.

  The horizontal curtain includes a work curtain that can be opened and closed at a management / harvest work position in the mobile cultivation apparatus.

  The heat insulation curtain includes a ventilation device for ventilating the air in the internal space.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the space volume to heat can be reduced without impairing management work, such as care of a crop, and a harvesting work, and a heating cost can be reduced.

It is a figure which shows the whole mobile cultivation apparatus. It is a figure which shows a conveying apparatus. It is a figure which shows opening and closing of a work curtain. It is a figure which shows a ventilation apparatus. It is a figure which shows another embodiment which provided the work window in the heat retention curtain. It is a figure which shows another embodiment which provided the work window in the heat retention curtain. It is a figure which shows another embodiment which provided the work window in the heat retention curtain. It is a figure which shows another embodiment of a ventilation apparatus.

  The mobile cultivation apparatus is provided in the greenhouse. The mobile cultivation device enables management and harvesting work at a predetermined position while circulating and conveying the cultivation device along a predetermined conveyance path. By covering the outer periphery of the mobile cultivation apparatus with the heat insulation curtain of the present invention, a small separate space is created in the greenhouse to increase the heating efficiency.

Next, with reference to drawings, the strawberry moving cultivation apparatus 1 is demonstrated as a crop grown.
As shown in FIG. 1, the mobile cultivation apparatus 1 is installed in a greenhouse 2 and includes a cultivation apparatus 3 and a transport apparatus 4.
The cultivation device 3 includes a plurality of planters 10.
The conveyance device 4 includes a cultivation bench 11 that supports each planter 10, two vertical conveyance devices 12 and 12 that convey the cultivation bench 11 in the vertical direction, and two horizontal conveyance devices 13 and 13 that convey in the horizontal direction. .

The planter 10 is a container for cultivating crops. The outer shape of the planter 10 is a horizontally long shape extending in one direction. The planter 10 has a quadrangular frustum shape whose lower surface is shorter than the upper surface of the planter 10, and a space for accommodating a crop and soil for cultivating the crop is formed inside the planter 10.
Below, the direction which has the long shape of the planter 10 is made into a horizontal direction, and the direction which has a short shape is made into the vertical direction.

  The cultivation bench 11 supports the planter 10 and has a shape corresponding to the shape and the number of planters 10 to be supported. As shown in FIG. 2, the outer shape of the cultivation bench 11 of the mobile cultivation apparatus 1 for strawberries is long in the horizontal direction and short in the vertical direction, and is provided with four wheels 20 as a function of moving in the vertical direction. Yes.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the end of one vertical transfer device 12 is connected to the start of one horizontal transfer device 13, and the start of one vertical transfer device 12 is connected to the end of one horizontal transfer device 13. Are connected, and the cultivation bench 11 on which the planter 10 is placed is configured to circulate and convey in a square shape.

The vertical conveying device 12 includes four rails 21, two rods 23 having a plurality of locking projections 22, a moving cylinder 24 that reciprocates the two rods 23 in the longitudinal direction, and two rods 23. Is provided with a rotating cylinder 25 that rotates around the longitudinal direction thereof.
The four rails 21 are members that engage with the four wheels 20 of the cultivation bench 11 and form a path for conveying the cultivation bench 11 in the vertical direction (conveyance direction). The two rods 23 are arranged in parallel to the rails 21 and at a height at which only the locking projections 22 fixed to the rods 23 during transportation can contact the cultivation bench 11. By moving the rod 23 in the vertical direction (conveying direction) by expansion and contraction of the moving cylinder 24, the locking projection 22 abuts on the cultivation bench 11, and pressing the cultivation bench 11 causes the vertical direction (conveying direction). The cultivation bench 11 is conveyed. When the rod 23 moves in the non-conveying direction, the locking projection 22 is tilted by the rotating cylinder 25 so as not to be locked.
The cylinder 25 for rotation can arrange | position the latching protrusion 22 in the position which can contact | abut to the cultivation bench 11, or the position which cannot contact | abut by rotating the rod 23 by the expansion / contraction.

The lateral conveyance device 13 includes a belt conveyor 26 and a stopper 27.
The belt conveyor 26 is a device that conveys the cultivation bench 11 in the lateral direction (conveyance direction). When conveying the cultivation bench 11 from the vertical conveying device 12 to the horizontal conveying device 13, a belt 27 that is an extension of the rail 21 of the vertical conveying device 12 is provided with a stopper 27 so that the wheels 20 of the cultivation bench 11 are fitted. 26 are arranged on the conveying surface. In the horizontal conveyance apparatus 13, the cultivation bench 11 is conveyed to a horizontal direction (conveyance direction) in the state which fitted the wheel 20. FIG.

The two vertical conveyance devices 12 are arranged so that the conveyance directions are opposite to each other, and the horizontal conveyance device 13 is similarly arranged so that the conveyance directions are opposite to each other. The conveyance path start end of the horizontal conveyance device 13 is connected to the conveyance path end of the vertical conveyance device 12, and the conveyance path start end of the vertical conveyance device 12 is connected to the conveyance path termination of the horizontal conveyance device 13.
Therefore, the conveyance apparatus 4 can convey the cultivation apparatus 3 along the conveyance path | route which returns to the original position by repeating conveyance in the horizontal direction twice from the conveyance in the vertical direction. Therefore, it is possible to work on the crops of all the planters 10 at a fixed position without moving to the individual planters 10.

The vertical conveyance device 12 carries the cultivation bench 11 on the conveyance surface so that the traveling direction (vertical direction) and the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bench 11 are orthogonal to each other and conveys the cultivation bench 11 to the horizontal conveyance device 13. The cultivation bench 11 that has been conveyed to the horizontal conveyance device 13 is placed on the conveyance surface so that the traveling direction (lateral direction) and the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bench 11 coincide with each other, and are circulated and conveyed to the vertical conveyance device 12. Is done.
Therefore, it is efficient to carry out the crop care and harvesting work on the side of the horizontal conveying device 13 where the planter 10 having a shape that is long in the horizontal direction and short in the vertical direction flows in the horizontal direction. In this embodiment, one horizontal conveyance device 13 is set as a management / harvest position, and the other horizontal conveyance device 13 is set as a watering / controlling position.

In order to reduce the space volume to be heated in the greenhouse 2, as shown in FIG. 3, in this embodiment, the mobile cultivation device 1 includes a cultivation curtain 3 and a heat retaining curtain 30 that covers the transport device 4 from the outside. I have.
The heat insulation curtain 30 uses a material used in a normal greenhouse and is attached to the attachment frame 31. Warm air from a heater (not shown) is guided inside the heat retaining curtain 30 to maintain an optimum temperature for growing the crop.
The heat retaining curtain 30 includes an upper curtain 30a that covers the upper side of the mobile cultivation apparatus 1 and can be opened and closed, and a horizontal curtain 30b that covers the side. The upper curtain 30a is supported by the curtain rails 51 and 51 so that the left and right sides can be opened and closed. The curtain rails 51 and 51 are supported by the frame of the transport device 4. The curtain rails 51 and 51 can be supported by support legs that constitute the frame of the transport device 4.
That is, hooks are attached to the left and right sides of the upper curtain 30a with a predetermined interval. A plurality of frames are engaged with the left and right curtain rails 51 and 51 so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction, and the left and right frames are arranged to face each other. The hook is locked to the frame, the upper curtain 30a is stretched between the left and right curtain rails 51 and 51, and covers (closes) the upper part between the front and rear horizontal transfer devices 13 and 13 (FIG. 4a). , It can be moved to a state of being opened (opened) to one side of the lateral conveying device 13.

  The horizontal curtain 30b covers the side periphery of the mobile cultivation apparatus 1. The horizontal curtain 30b is configured to have a height and a width such that the upper side coincides with the periphery of the upper curtain 30a, and the lower side has the same height as the ground or a length that hangs down. The upper side of the horizontal curtain 30b is attached to an attachment frame 31 described later. However, it is also possible to use a curtain rail so that one side is opened and closed laterally. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which a plurality of parts are divided in the horizontal direction.

Further, the front side (working side) can be opened and closed, and the other side portion can be fixed to the mounting frame 31 as a fixed type. In this case, a work curtain 32 is provided at the management / harvest work position as an opening for the cultivation and harvesting of the cultivation apparatus 3.
As shown in FIG. 3, the work curtain 32 is rolled up by the hoisting device 40 so that the management / harvest work position can be opened. The hoisting device 40 is installed horizontally on the mounting frame 31 above the management / harvesting work position.

The hoisting device 40 includes a winding rotary shaft 41 and a handle 42.
Both sides of the take-up rotary shaft 41 are rotatably supported on the upper portions of the left and right mounting frames 31. A handle 42 is connected to one end of the winding rotary shaft 41.
Then, when performing crop care or harvesting work, the handle 42 is rotated to wind up the work curtain 32 whose upper end is fixed to the winding rotary shaft 41. In this way, the front of the management / harvesting work position is opened, and the work can be facilitated. Moreover, since the periphery is closed, the minimum opening for working is ensured, and warm air is prevented from diffusing and being cooled unnecessarily.
When the work is completed, the work curtain 32 can be closed by immediately rotating the handle 42 in the reverse direction from the time of winding. Thus, the operation curtain 32 can be easily opened and closed only by rotating the handle 42.
In the present embodiment, the hoisting device 40 is manual, but the work curtain 32 can be automatically opened and closed using an actuator such as a motor.
Moreover, by providing the fasteners 43 on the left and right sides of the work curtain 32, the gap between the horizontal curtains 30b can be eliminated, and it is possible to prevent hot air from leaking from the gap and cold air from entering from the gap.

  By having such a configuration, when the room temperature is low, the mobile cultivation apparatus 1 is entirely covered with the heat insulating curtain 30, and when the management and harvesting work is performed in a state where the temperature outside the heat insulating curtain 30 is low, By winding up the work curtain 32 by the hoisting device 40, it is possible to prevent unnecessary diffusion of hot air and to eliminate waste of heating expenses.

The mounting frame 31 is made of aluminum, iron, resin, or the like as a material, and serves as a skeleton member for supporting the heat insulating curtain 30. The attachment frame 31 is attached using the frame of the mobile cultivation apparatus 1, the lower part is attached to the frame of the transport apparatus 4, and the heat retaining curtain 30 is attached to the upper part.
Specifically, the mounting frame 31 is composed of a plurality of vertical frames and horizontal frames. The vertical frame is configured in an L shape when viewed from the front, and the lower end portion is used as a frame of the transport device 4 with a predetermined interval in the front-rear and left-right directions. The horizontal frame is installed at the upper end, and the hoisting device 40 is attached to the horizontal frame. However, the upper part of the horizontal curtain 30b can be directly attached to the vertical frame without the horizontal frame. It can also be set as the structure strengthened suitably between a vertical frame and a vertical frame.
In addition, the lower part of the attachment frame 31 can also be attached to the support leg which comprises the flame | frame of the conveying apparatus 4.

  By using the frame in this manner, the mounting frame 31 for supporting the heat retaining curtain 30 does not need to be independent, so that the strength and material cost can be reduced, and the area of the upper curtain 30a is In addition, the area can be a little wider than the entire area of the mobile cultivation device 1, the useless space can be eliminated, the heat-insulating curtain 30 can be configured as small as possible, and only the portion with the crop can be efficiently heated and Can keep warm.

The height of the horizontal frame for attaching the heat insulation curtain 30 does not have to affect the growth of the crop because it is not necessary for the worker to enter the mobile cultivation apparatus 1 to perform the work. That is, it is set higher by a predetermined height than the upper end height when the crop cultivated by the mobile cultivation apparatus 1 grows to the maximum. The predetermined height is a height at which the lower end of the horizontal curtain 30b does not contact the crop when the horizontal curtain 30b is opened.
By setting it as such a structure, the heat insulation curtain 30 can be installed as low as possible, the space volume (space which the heat insulation curtain 30 occupies) to heat is reduced, and it can reduce a heating cost.

The ventilation device 50 will be described with reference to FIG.
The ventilator 50 shown in FIG. 4 is an apparatus that ventilates internal air by opening and closing the upper curtain 30a and opening the upper part of the mobile cultivation apparatus 1. The ventilation device 50 is disposed on the left and right curtain rails 51. The ventilation device 50 includes a drive shaft 52, a drive pulley 53, a driven pulley 54, a wire 55, a driven shaft 56, and a motor 57 serving as an actuator.
The drive shaft 52 is mounted on one side of the front and rear (rear side in this embodiment), and the driven shaft 56 is rotatably mounted on the top of the curtain rail 51 on the other side of the front and rear, and is driven on both left and right sides of the drive shaft 52 above the curtain rail 51. Pulleys 53 and 53 are fixed, driven pulleys 54 and 54 are fixed on both the left and right sides of the driven shaft 56 above the curtain rail 51, and an endless wire 55 is wound between the driving pulley 53 and the driven pulley 54. Is done. One end (front end in this embodiment) of the upper curtain 30a is fixed to the wire 55. One end of the drive shaft 52 is interlocked with the output shaft of the motor 57.
In such a configuration, when it is desired to ventilate, the motor 57 is driven to rotate the wire 55 to draw the upper curtain 30a rearward and open the upper part. Further, when it is desired to keep the temperature, the motor 57 is rotated in the reverse direction and one end of the upper curtain 30a is pulled forward and closed. The rear end of the upper curtain 30a is fixed to the mounting frame 31.

  The ventilator 50 can also be configured to automatically open and close. That is, the motor 57 is connected to the control circuit 58, and the control circuit 58 is connected to the temperature sensor 59 arranged in the mobile cultivation apparatus 1. And the temperature around the mobile cultivation apparatus 1 is detected by the temperature sensor 59, and when the detected temperature is equal to or higher than the set temperature, the motor 57 is driven and the upper curtain 30a is opened. When the detected temperature falls below the set temperature, the motor 57 is driven in reverse to close the upper curtain 30a.

  Note that the ventilator 50 only needs to be able to exhaust the heat inside the heat retaining curtain 30, so it is not always necessary to open and close the upper surface of the heat retaining curtain 30, and the horizontal curtain 30b can be opened and closed. A ventilation fan (not shown) may be provided. Further, instead of connecting the motor 57, it is possible to connect the handle and manually open and close it.

Further, the work curtain 32 may be configured to open a part of the heat insulation curtain 30 (part corresponding to the horizontal curtain 30b) for management / harvesting work.
For example, as shown in FIG. 5, a work window 32a is provided that allows a work to be performed by making a gate-shaped cut at a rear position of the horizontal curtain 30b where the planter 10 of the horizontal transfer device 13 is located and opening the cut. ing. Since the periphery of the cut in the work window 32a is closed by the fastener 33, opening and closing is simplified, and the heat retaining effect inside the heat retaining curtain 30 can be maintained.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 6, instead of making a cut in the horizontal curtain 30b, an opening is provided, and another heat insulation curtain 60 of a size that can cover the opening is placed from above, A work window 32b that can be opened and closed by fixing the upper end is provided. By providing a weight at the lower end portion of the heat insulation curtain 60 placed thereon, the adhesion of the heat insulation curtain 30 and another heat insulation curtain 60 can be improved, and the heat insulation effect can be maintained.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the work curtain 32 c that can be opened and closed by winding up and rewinding the heat-insulating curtain 60 by a hoisting device 70 can be provided. The hoisting device 70 includes a winding rotary shaft 71 and a handle 72.
Another heat retaining member whose upper end is fixed to the winding rotary shaft 71 by rotatably supporting the winding rotary shaft 71 on the attachment frame 31 and rotating a handle 72 provided at one end of the winding rotary shaft 71. The curtain 60 is wound up. Then, care for the crop and harvesting work are performed, and immediately after the work is finished, the handle 72 is rotated in the reverse direction to the time of winding, thereby closing another heat retaining curtain 60.
Further, by providing the fastener 61 in the opening, the opening can be closed by bringing the heat insulating curtain 30 and another heat insulating curtain 60 into close contact with each other.

  Further, an opening may be provided in the upper curtain 30a at an upper position where the planter 10 of the lateral transfer device 13 is located, similarly to the work window 32a (32b, 32c), and the opening may be covered. In FIG. 8, another heat retaining curtain 80 is placed over the opening from above. One end of another heat-insulating curtain 80 is fixed to the heat-insulating curtain 30, and a hook-and-loop fastener 81 is provided at the other end so that it can be opened and closed. By attaching and detaching the hook-and-loop fastener 81 provided in another heat insulation curtain 60, the heat in the heat insulation curtain 30 can be exhausted and a constant temperature can be maintained.

  In embodiment shown above, although the cultivation apparatus 3 and the conveying apparatus 4 are used for the use which grows a strawberry, the mobile cultivation apparatus 1 provided with the heat insulation curtain 30 is other plants (for example, vegetables, such as a tomato) ) Can be used for cultivation purposes. Further, instead of the heat-insulating curtain 30, it is possible to make a shade by making it with a cold chill or the like.

  1: mobile cultivation device, 3: cultivation device, 4: conveyance device, 10: planter, 11: cultivation bench, 12: vertical conveyance device, 13: horizontal conveyance device, 30: heat retaining curtain, 30a: upper curtain, 30b: horizontal Curtain, 31: Mounting frame, 32: Work curtain, 50: Ventilator

Claims (3)

It is a mobile cultivation device that is provided in a greenhouse and circulates and conveys the cultivation device by a conveyance device, and includes a heat insulation curtain that covers the outer periphery of the movement cultivation device.
The heat-insulating curtain covers the upper side of the mobile cultivation apparatus, and a part of the upper curtain configured to be openable and closable, covers the side of the mobile cultivation apparatus, and part of the thermal cultivation curtain is openable and closable Including a horizontal curtain,
The height of the upper curtain is set higher by a predetermined height than the upper end height when the crop cultivated by the cultivating apparatus grows to the maximum. In the mobile cultivation apparatus of Claim 1,
The said horizontal curtain is a mobile cultivation apparatus provided with the work curtain which can be opened and closed in the management / harvest work position in the said mobile cultivation apparatus. In the mobile cultivation apparatus of Claim 1 or 2,
The heat retaining curtain is a mobile cultivation device provided with a ventilation device for ventilating air in an internal space.

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