JP2014528829A - 配列された微小構造を用いて流体流れをプログラムするデバイスおよび方法 - Google Patents
配列された微小構造を用いて流体流れをプログラムするデバイスおよび方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2011年9月30日出願の米国仮特許出願第61/541,953号の権利を主張するものであり、その全てが参照により本書に援用されている。権利は米国特許法119条に準じて主張されている。
一連の微小構造を利用して流体流れをプログラムする機能を調査するために、円筒を微小流体チャネルのストリームを横切る様々な位置に配置し、プログラムスキームのオペレータとして機能させた。これらの幾何学的な障害物を利用して流れに著しい変形を引き起こし、流体の塊を局所的に移動させて流体ストリームを変形させる、有用な最終回転二次流れを作り出すことができる。特に、流体慣性は多くの場合重要とは考えられないため、従前の微小流体システムでは、ピラー周囲の流体の最終的なねじれは無視されてきた。運動の線形方程式を時間反転(time-reversal)したときの流れの鏡面対称性により、慣性を有しない直線チャネル内でのピラー周囲の流れ(すなわち、ストークス流れ)は前後の対称性を要求する。したがって、チャネルの断面内に方向付けられた二次流体運動は、円筒形の中央平面を通過した後に完全に反転する。
Re=ρUH/μ
である。
Claims (29)
- チャネル内の流れをプログラムする方法において:
ライブラリから複数のオペレータを選択するステップであって、前記ライブラリからの前記複数のオペレータはそれぞれ既知の最終二次流れ作用を有している、選択ステップと;
選択された前記複数のオペレータからプラグラムを作成するステップと;
選択されたオペレータの前記プログラムが内部に形成されたチャネルを製造するステップと;
を具えることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記複数のオペレータが、ポストを含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項2に記載の方法において、前記ポストが、前記チャネルの全体に及ぶことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項2に記載の方法において、前記ポストが、前記チャネルの約10%乃至約90%に及ぶことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項2に記載の方法において、前記複数のオペレータが、傾斜した溝部を含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項2に記載の方法において、前記ポストが、それぞれの長さに沿って均一な断面を有していることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項2に記載の方法において、前記ポストが、それぞれの長さに沿って不均一な断面を有していることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記複数のオペレータが、少なくとも1つの突起部を含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記チャネルおよびオペレータが、ポリマまたはガラスで製造されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法がさらに、前記チャネルを通って流体を流動させるステップを具えることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記ライブラリが、少なくとも4つのオペレータを具えていることを特徴とする方法。
- デバイスにおいて:
上流位置に少なくとも1つの交差しているシース流体チャネルを有するチャネルと;
下流位置において前記チャネル内に配置された複数の異なるオペレータとを具えており、
各オペレータは、既知の最終二次流体作用を有する1以上の突起部を含み、前記複数のオペレータはそれぞれ、前記チャネルの長さに沿って互いに離れていることを特徴とするデバイス。 - 請求項12に記載のデバイスにおいて、前記突起部が、ポスト、ステップ、および溝部の少なくとも1つを含むことを特徴とするデバイス。
- 請求項12に記載のデバイスにおいて、前記突起部がポストを含み、前記チャネル内の隣接するオペレータは約4乃至約15のポストの直径の距離だけ離れていることを特徴とするデバイス。
- チャネル内の粒子周囲の流体を交換する方法において、当該方法が:
チャネル内のシース流れを開始するステップであって、前記粒子はキャリア流体内に含まれておりシース流体には存在しない、開始ステップと;
前記粒子が前記シース流体内に含まれて前記キャリア流体内に含まれないように、前記チャネル内に配置され、前記粒子周囲の流れを変化させるよう構成された複数のオペレータを具備するプログラムを前記粒子が通過するステップと、を具えることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項15に記載の方法において、前記シース流体が、第1および第2のシース流体を具えることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項16に記載の方法において、前記粒子が、前記第1のシース流体内に含まれることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項17に記載の方法がさらに、前記粒子が前記第2のシース流体内に後に含まれ、前記第1のシース流体または前記キャリア流体内に含まれないように、前記チャネル内に配置され、前記粒子周囲の流れを変化させるよう構成された複数のオペレータを具備するプログラムを前記粒子が通過するステップを具えることを特徴とする方法。
- チャネルを用いて糸状体を形成する方法において、当該方法が:
チャネル内で前駆体材料のシース流れを開始するステップと;
前記チャネル内に配置され、予め決定した方法で前記流れの断面形状を変化させるよう構成された複数のピラーのオペレータを具備するプログラムを前記前駆体材料が通過するステップと、
前記チャネル内で前記前駆体材料を糸状体に重合するステップと、を具えることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項19に記載の方法において、重合ステップが、前記前駆体材料を光に露出するステップを具えることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項19に記載の方法において、重合ステップが、前記前駆体材料を熱変化に曝すステップを具えることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項19に記載の方法において、前記複数のピラーのオペレータが、前記チャネルの1つの表面上に配置されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項19に記載の方法において、重合ステップが、前記前駆体材料を重合化学剤に曝すステップを具えることを特徴とする方法。
- チャネルを用いて三次元粒子を形成する方法において、当該方法が:
チャネル内で前駆体材料のシース流れを開始するステップと;
前記チャネル内に配置され、予め決定した方法で前記流れの断面形状を変化させるよう構成された複数のピラーのオペレータを具備するプログラムを前記前駆体材料が通過するステップと、
前記前駆体材料の一部を前記チャネルと光源の間に配置されたマスクを通る光に露出させることにより、前記チャネル内で前記前駆体材料を粒子に重合するステップと、を具えることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項24に記載の方法において、前記複数のピラーのオペレータが、前記チャネルの1つの表面上に配置されることを特徴とする方法。
- 表面と隣接する1以上の高温領域を有するチャネルを用いて熱伝達する方法において、当該方法が:
チャネル内の流れを開始するステップであって、前記流れは低温を有する1以上のストリームを含んでいる、開始ステップと;
前記1以上の高温領域に隣接するように前記低温を有する1以上のストリームを移動させるべく、前記チャネル内に配置され、前記流れの断面形状を変化させるよう構成された複数のオペレータを具備するプログラムを前記流れが通過するステップと、を具えることを特徴とする方法。 - 対象の種をチャネルの表面上に配置された反応表面に露出する方法において、当該方法が:
チャネル内の流れを開始するステップであって、前記流れが対象を含んでいる、開始ステップと;
前記反応表面と隣接するように前記対象を移動させるべく、前記チャネル内に配置され、前記流れの断面形状を変化させるよう構成された複数のオペレータを具備するプログラムを前記流れが通過するステップと、を具えることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項27に記載の方法において、前記対象が、セル、ウイルス粒子、生体分子、化学物質、抗体、抗原、核酸、およびタンパク質の少なくとも1つを含むことを特徴とする方法。
- チャネル内で流体中の1以上の種の勾配を発生または変化させる方法において、当該方法が:
チャネル内に流れを維持するステップであって、前記流れが断面方向に前記1以上の種の初期濃度プロファイルを有する流体を含んでいる、維持ステップと;
前記断面方向の前記1以上の種の濃度プロファイルを変化させるべく、前記チャネル内に配置され、前記流れの断面形状を変化させるよう構成された複数のオペレータを具備するプログラムを前記流れが通過するステップと、を具えることを特徴とする方法。
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