JP2014240105A - Vice - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vice suitable for surely fixing a slender work of various cross-sectional shapes such as an aluminum sash, in an accurate position in an allowable bearing pressure range, regardless of a difference in its cross-sectional shape.SOLUTION: A plurality of piston rods of an edge round bank plate shape (an elliptic cross section), are arranged at a predetermined interval in the thickness direction of its band plate in respective cylinder boxes opposed by sandwiching a work. The work is individually driven by hydraulic pressure, and is held by the opposed tips of the plurality of the piston rods advanced up to abutting on the work. When fixing with a surface of becoming a working standard of the work as a home position, a lock mechanism for fixing an advance position of the piston rod is provided in one of the cylinder boxes.

Description

  The present invention relates to a vise, and in particular, when a long workpiece (workpiece) having various cross-sectional shapes such as an aluminum sash is processed while being intermittently fed in the longitudinal direction, the workpiece is fixed. The present invention relates to a suitable vice.

  A general vise includes a fixed jaw and a movable jaw that advances and retreats toward the fixed jaw, and has a structure in which a workpiece is sandwiched and fixed between a base attached to each jaw. A screw mechanism and a fluid pressure device are used to open and close the vice (advance and retreat of the movable jaw).

  There are various shapes of workpieces fixed with a vise. For complicated shapes, fix multiple parts with multiple vices, or prepare a base that matches the shape of the work separately, and change and hold the corresponding base when the work shape changes. The method is taken.

  The aluminum sash is an elongated work having a constant cross-sectional shape in the longitudinal direction, but various cross-sectional shapes are used depending on the application. Further, when a new application is developed, a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the application is manufactured, so there are many types having different shapes.

  The aluminum sash needs to process holes and notches for assembly and assembly, and it is necessary to fix the portion of the aluminum sash to be processed. Normally, holes and notches are provided at intervals, so when processing, fix the location to be processed, process the location, then release the fixation and move the workpiece to the next processing location. Processing is performed by repeating the process of moving in the longitudinal direction, fixing a new location, and processing the location.

  A vise is used as means for fixing the aluminum sash during this processing. Since the aluminum sash has various cross-sectional shapes and is relatively soft and thin as a material, it is necessary to avoid a large surface pressure from acting locally when sandwiched by a vise. Therefore, normally, a base (raw base) that matches the cross-sectional shape of the workpiece is prepared, and when the type of workpiece or the surface to be processed changes, the base is replaced with the corresponding base for processing. In particular, large workpieces with large cross-sectional areas require large and high processing accuracy because of high processing load, so accurate and strong fixing is required during processing. It becomes essential.

  For workpieces that are to be processed in large quantities, it is not a heavy burden to prepare a base dedicated to the workpiece. However, the conventional method of preparing a special base and replacing it with a large-sized work such as an aluminum sash used for an entrance door of a building, which is relatively large, is economical and The time burden is large.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems. Various workpieces having different dimensions and shapes, in particular, elongated workpieces having different cross-sectional shapes such as aluminum sashes, regardless of the difference in cross-sectional shapes, are accurate. It is an object of the present invention to obtain a vise that can be securely fixed at a position and within an allowable surface pressure range.

  In the present invention, a plurality of piston rods 2a, 2b having a rounded edge plate shape (oval cross section) opposed to each other are arranged at predetermined intervals in the thickness direction of the belt plate, and the plurality of piston rods 2a, 2b that are individually driven. The above-mentioned problems are solved by providing a vise that holds and fixes a work piece at the opposite tip of each other.

  The vise according to the present invention includes a pair of cylinder boxes 1a and 1b arranged to face each other. The pair of cylinder boxes 1 (1a, 1b) are provided with a plurality of rounded strip-like piston rods 2 (2a, 2b) that can be individually advanced and retracted. The plurality of piston rods 2 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the plate thickness direction. Each of the pair of cylinder boxes 1 includes cylinder holes 11 (11a, 11b) into which a plurality of pistons 21 (21a, 21b) are individually slidably inserted, and the pistons 21 inserted into the respective cylinder holes. The piston rod 2 is opposed to each other through the opposing wall 14 (14a, 14b) of each cylinder box. The workpiece w placed between the pair of cylinder boxes 1a and 1b is clamped and fixed by the opposed tips of the plurality of piston rods 2a and 2b that have advanced until they contact the workpiece by fluid pressure.

  The vice preferably has a structure in which the workpiece p can be fixed with the surface p serving as a machining reference of the workpiece always placed at a fixed position. For this purpose, a lock mechanism 3 for fixing the advance position of the piston rod 2a is provided on one 1a of the pair of cylinder boxes. As this locking mechanism, it is practically convenient to use a structure in which both side edges 22i, 22o of the rounded belt-like piston rod 2a are pressed by fluid pressure and the advancing position of the piston rod 2a is fixed by the frictional force.

  A plurality of piston rods 2 fitted and inserted into a plurality of cylinder holes 11 of the cylinder box 1 individually to be able to advance and retract supplies fluid pressure to fluid chambers 24 and 25 formed on the head end side and the rod end side of the cylinder box 1. By doing so, it is energized simultaneously so as to advance and retreat all at once. The lock mechanism 3 fixes a part of the advancing position of the piston rod 2a that advances and retracts all at once, so that the machining reference plane p of the workpiece w is defined by the position of the tip of the part of the piston rod. To do.

  In the vise of the present invention, the tips of the plurality of piston rods 2 grip the workpiece at a position corresponding to the irregularities of the workpiece gripping surface, so that it is possible to grip a wide variety of workpieces with different irregularities on the gripping surface. Further, if the advance position of the reference-side piston rod 2a is fixed by the lock mechanism 3 while the workpiece is gripped, the workpiece can be repeatedly fixed while maintaining the set reference plane position.

  Furthermore, the vise according to the present invention has a feature that since the tip end surface of the piston rod 2 contacting the workpiece is wide, the workpiece can be fixed with a low surface pressure, and the possibility of damaging the workpiece is small.

  For these reasons, we provide a vise that can securely fix elongate workpieces with different cross-sectional shapes such as aluminum sashes, regardless of the cross-sectional shape, at an accurate position and within the allowable surface pressure range. There is an effect that can be done.

Overall perspective view showing the cylinder box with the rear lid removed Sectional plan view of the vise of FIG. Sectional side view of the vise of FIG. Perspective view showing only main members Side view showing the workpiece gripped Sectional top view which shows the reference | standard piston rod and locking mechanism of 2nd Example Front view showing another shape and arrangement of the piston rod Front view showing still another shape and arrangement of the piston rod

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. The vise of the present invention includes a pair of opposing cylinder boxes 1a and 1b. Each cylinder box is provided with a plurality of cylinder holes 11a and 11b. Each cylinder hole 11a, 11b is a long hole cross section formed by two parallel planes or concentric arc surfaces (see FIG. 8) in which both ends are connected by a semicircular arc. One of the opposing cylinder boxes 1a is a fixed side or a reference side provided with a lock mechanism 3, and the other 1b is a movable side having no lock mechanism. First, the movable side with a simple structure will be described.

  The cylinder hole 11b of the movable cylinder box 1b has a constant cross-sectional shape in the axial direction, and a long hole 12b through which the piston rod 2b passes is provided in the rod-side cover plate 15b. The piston 21b to be inserted into the cylinder hole 11b has a short strip shape in which both edges are connected by a semicircular arc, and a piston rod 2b having a substantially identical cross section is integrally formed on one end face thereof. The piston rod 2b slidably penetrates the rod hole 12b, and seal rings 23b and 13b are provided on the outer periphery of the piston 21b and the inner periphery of the rod hole 12b.

  A plurality of cylinder holes 11b having the same shape are provided at predetermined intervals in the plate thickness direction of the flat piston, and the piston 21b having the same shape is individually slidably fitted therein. The back surfaces (head end side) of the plurality of cylinder holes 11b are closed by a rear lid 15b fixed to the cylinder box 1b main body with a bolt (not shown). The head end side fluid chambers 24b of the plurality of cylinder holes are communicated so as to form one fluid chamber as a whole at a recess 17b provided on the back surface of the cylinder box 1b main body. On the other hand, the rod end side fluid chamber 25b is individually formed for each cylinder hole between the cylinder hole 11b having a rounded plate-like cross section and the piston rod 2b having the same cross section and a small cross sectional area. The whole is connected by a fluid passage 26b for supplying pressure.

  Accordingly, the plurality of pistons 21b mounted on the cylinder box 1b advance all at once by supplying fluid pressure to the head end side fluid chamber 24b, and all at once by supplying fluid pressure to the rod end side fluid chamber 25b. fall back.

  The plurality of cylinder holes 11a in the reference side cylinder box 1a are processed in the same process as that on the movable side, but the central part of the partition wall 16a between adjacent cylinder holes is cut out in a U shape from the rod end side. The piston rod 2a of the piston 21a inserted into these cylinder holes is also bifurcated with the central portion notched in a U-shape from the tip side. Each of the bifurcated piston rods 2a is formed in a rounded plate-like cross section.

  The front lid 14a of the reference side cylinder box 1a is provided with two oblong cross-section rod holes 12a and 12a for one cylinder hole, and is provided in the partition wall 16a in the center between them. A prismatic lock block 31 is provided that fits in the notch.

  The seal ring 23a, 13a is attached to the outer periphery of the piston 21a and the inner periphery of the rod hole 12a that is divided into two parts, and the head end side of the plurality of cylinder holes 11a communicates with each other so as to be substantially one piece. The fluid chamber 24a is formed, and the rod end side of the plurality of cylinder holes is also communicated with the fluid passage 26a to form substantially one fluid chamber 25a. It is the same.

  A cylindrical hole 32 is provided in the lock block 31 so as to penetrate the lock block 31 in a direction parallel to the plane of the flat plate of the piston rod 2a and perpendicular to the forward / backward direction of the rod. 33 and 33 are slidably inserted. The lock block 31 is formed with a lock channel 35 for supplying fluid pressure to the cylindrical hole 32 portion between the pair of lock rams 33, 33. When fluid pressure is supplied to the lock channel 35, the lock rams 33, 33 are urged away from each other to press the inner edges 22 i, 22 i of the piston rods 2 a, 2 a with the tips of the lock rams 33, 33 bifurcated. By doing so, the position of each piston rod 2a is fixed by frictional force.

  Each cylindrical hole 32 in the illustrated embodiment is provided so that its axial center is located at the center of the thickness of the partition wall 16a between adjacent cylinder holes. It opens toward the cylinder hole. In other words, in the embodiment shown in the figure, two piston rods that are adjacent vertically are fixed by one lock ram 33. This is to increase the pressure receiving area (diameter of the ram 33) of the fluid pressure supplied to the cylindrical hole 32 so that a large positioning force due to friction can be applied to the piston rod 2a.

  The lock fluid flow path 35 is provided adjacent to the front lid 14a side of the cylindrical hole 32 in a direction intersecting the axial direction of the cylindrical holes, and each cylindrical hole is branched by a branch hole 36 branched from the flow path. 32. A shield valve 39 that closes the inlet flow path of the branch hole 36 by pressing the valve 38 against the valve seat with a screw 37 is provided at the branch portion of the flow path 35 and the branch hole 36. Therefore, when the fluid pressure is supplied to the lock channel 35, only the two piston rods 2a pressed by the lock ram 33 inserted into the cylindrical hole 32 connected to the branch hole in which the shielding valve 39 is opened are fixed. Will be.

  Since the cylindrical hole 32 opens to the rod end side fluid chamber 25a of the cylinder box 1a, the force that pushes back the lock ram 33 when fluid pressure is supplied to the fluid chamber, that is, when the piston rod 2a is retracted. Works. Therefore, when the lock fluid pressure is not acting, the lock ram 33 is retracted when the fluid pressure is applied to the rod end side fluid chamber 25a. If it is desired to more reliably retract the lock ram 33 when the locking fluid pressure is not acting, a return spring 34 may be provided.

  In order to fix the advance position of the piston rod 2a with the lock ram 33, the fluid pressure for locking supplied to the cylindrical hole 32 must be sufficiently larger than the fluid pressure supplied to the rod end side fluid chamber 25a of the cylinder chamber. First, the fixing force by the lock ram 33 when the piston rod 2a is retracted is smaller than that when the piston rod 2a is advanced. However, the thrust when the piston rod 2a is retracted is much smaller than the thrust when the piston 21a is moved forward, and the fluid pressure is fixed to the piston rod 2a by the lock ram 33 when the piston is retracted. Acting in the direction of weakening does not become a big problem.

  Next, the operation of the vice of the present invention configured as described above will be described. A reference cylinder box 1a and a movable cylinder box 1b are opposed to a table of a machine tool (drilling machine or machining center) to process an aluminum sash so that the surfaces of the strips of the piston rods 2a and 2b are parallel to the table surface. Let it fix.

  Then, the machined surface of the aluminum sash to be machined is placed between both cylinder boxes facing the tool, and fluid pressure is supplied to the head end side fluid chambers of both cylinder boxes. Then, the plurality of piston rods 2a, 2b of both cylinder boxes advance until their tips come into contact with the side surfaces of the aluminum sash w. Regardless of the cross-sectional shape of the aluminum sash, each piston rod stops at a position where its tip abuts against the aluminum sash, and at this time, the aluminum sash has a plurality of piston rods facing both side surfaces. It will be in the state where it was pinched and fixed with the tip of.

  In this state, the shielding valve 39 connected to the cylindrical hole 32 of the lock ram 33 that fixes the reference-side piston rod that is in contact with the side surface serving as the reference of the machining dimension is opened, and the other shielding valves are closed. For example, in FIG. 5, if the surface p of the aluminum sash w is used as a reference surface, the branch hole communicating with the cylindrical hole of the ram 33 that fixes the piston rods 2a2 to 2a4 that are in contact with the surface p is shielded. The valve 39 is opened and the other shielding valves are closed.

  Since a pair of lock rams fix two adjacent piston rods at the same time, in the example shown in the figure, the position of the piston rod 2a1 that does not need to be fixed is also fixed, but it is extruded or pultruded like an aluminum sash. Since the dimensional accuracy in the longitudinal direction of the material is accurate, even if the position adjacent to the processing reference surface p is fixed by the piston rod 2a1, there is no problem in the positioning accuracy of the reference surface p.

  After setting the fixed position of the machining reference surface p in this way, the machining position with the surface as a reference is set in the NC device of the machine tool for machining. When processing at one place is completed, fluid pressure is supplied to the rod end side of the cylinder box. As a result, all but the piston rod fixed by the lock ram moves backward, so the aluminum sash w is moved to the next machining position in the longitudinal direction, and fluid pressure is supplied to the head end side of the cylinder box 1a, 1b to thereby make the aluminum sash w Is clamped at a new processing point.

  By repeating the above operation, processing is performed on one aluminum sash or a plurality of aluminum sashes having the same shape. During this time, the fluid is always supplied to the lock channel 35 for processing.

  When machining other aluminum sashes with different shapes, all piston rods are retracted by supplying fluid pressure to the rod end sides of the cylinder boxes 1a and 1b with the lock pressure released, and new aluminum sashes are created. Is placed between the opposing cylinder boxes 1a and 1b, and a similar operation is performed to process a new aluminum sash.

  In the first embodiment described above, the piston rod 2a of the reference side piston is formed into a concave shape with a bifurcated tip, and the lock mechanism 3 is provided in the concave portion, but the reference side piston rod 2a is replaced with the movable side piston. A planar rectangular shape that is the same shape as the rod 2b and a structure in which the lock mechanisms 3 and 3 are provided on both sides of the reference-side cylinder box 1a may be used (see FIG. 6).

  The lock mechanisms 3 and 3 on both sides are provided with a bottomed cylindrical hole 32 that opens to the rod end side fluid chamber 25a of the reference side cylinder box, and a lock ram 33 is fitted into one of each. The lock mechanisms 3 and 3 on both sides are provided with lock channels 35 and 35, respectively, and supply fluid pressure from the same pressure source. The shielding valves 39 for blocking the flow paths of the respective cylindrical holes are provided in the left and right lock mechanisms, respectively.

  The structure of the second embodiment is a structure in which both side edges 22o, 22o of the piston rod 2a are sandwiched and fixed by lock rams 33, 33 on both sides from the outside, and the cylinder holes and piston rods on the reference side and the movable side have the same shape. Since the structure can be simplified, there is a disadvantage that the cylinder box on the reference side becomes large and the operation of the shielding valve for fixing the desired piston rod has to be performed on the lock mechanisms on both sides. .

  In the above embodiment, a strip-shaped piston rod having the same width, which is suitable as a tool for fixing an aluminum sash, is arranged in a state of being stacked in the thickness direction of the strip. A cylinder hole, a piston, and a piston rod are shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 as a vise for holding a box-shaped workpiece having various irregularities on the clamping surface and a cylindrical workpiece having various irregularities on the end surface clamped by a vise. It is also possible to obtain a vice arranged as shown in FIG.

  In this case, it is difficult to fix the advance position of the small-diameter side piston rod, but if the large-diameter side is used as a reference, the large-diameter side piston rod is pressed in the direction perpendicular to the surface at the portion of the rod hole. By providing such a lock ram, it is possible to fix the advance position of a part of the piston rod on the large diameter side.

  As described above, the vise according to the present invention functions as a vise having a base that automatically forms a gripping surface that follows the unevenness of the gripping surface of the workpiece to be gripped. A wide variety of workpieces can be clamped, and by fixing the advance position of the piston rod corresponding to the workpiece reference plane, the workpiece can be repeatedly processed while maintaining the preset processing reference. There is a feature that workpieces of various shapes can be firmly fixed at accurate positions.

  The vice according to the present invention has a feature that it is suitable for fixing a workpiece having a relatively low surface pressure resistance, such as an aluminum material, because the tip end surface of the piston rod contacting the workpiece is wide.

1 (1a, 1b) Cylinder box 2 (2a, 2b) Piston rod 3 Lock mechanism 11 (11a, 11b) Cylinder hole 14 (14a, 14b) Opposite wall 21 (21a, 21b) Piston 22i, 22o Both side edges of piston rod 24, 25 Fluid chamber p Processing reference surface w Aluminum sash

Claims (6)

  The pair of cylinder boxes arranged opposite to each other includes a cylinder hole into which each of a plurality of rounded belt-like pistons arranged so as to face each other at a predetermined interval in the plate thickness direction. A vise in which the piston rods of the pistons inserted are opposed to each other through the opposing walls of the cylinder boxes, and the workpieces are held between the ends of the plurality of piston rods facing each other.   2. The vise according to claim 1, wherein one of the pair of cylinder boxes includes a lock mechanism that fixes the movement of the piston rod by pressing the piston rod in a band width direction of the band plate.   The vise according to claim 2, wherein the lock mechanism includes a pair of lock rams that press the piston rod in a band width direction of the band plate.   The piston rod of the piston that is inserted into the one cylinder box is formed in the shape of a concave rounded strip with the front end being bifurcated, and the locking mechanism is disposed between the bifurcated portions of the piston rod. The vise according to claim 2 or 3.   The head end side and rod end side fluid chambers of the plurality of cylinder holes communicate with each other so as to substantially form one fluid chamber, and the plurality of piston rods are simultaneously moved in the advance direction and the reverse direction. The vise of claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, which is energized.   The vise according to claim 3, wherein a fluid pressure circuit that supplies fluid pressure to a cylindrical hole into which the lock ram is inserted is provided with a shielding valve that blocks fluid pressure to at least a part of the cylindrical hole.

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