JP2014238208A - Smoke exhaust device and heating system mounted with the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a smoke exhaust device and a heating system which enable a catalyst section to be easily maintained.SOLUTION: A heating system 1 used for heating inside a house comprises: a heating device body 2; and a smoke exhaust device 3 which is connected to the heating device body 2 through a connection section 6 and exhausts smoke and gas generated by the heating device body 2. The smoke exhaust device 3 has: a stack section 4 which exhausts the smoke and the gas generated when fuel is burned; and a catalyst section 5 which has a catalyst enhancing burning of an unburned component when the smoke and the gas pass therethrough. The catalyst section 5 has: a catalyst cassette 51 which is installed in the middle of the stack section 4 and includes a catalyst body 511 enhancing re-burning of the unburned component in the smoke and the gas; a cassette support section 52 which is configured to detachably support the catalyst cassette 51; and a door 53 which allows the catalyst cassette 51 and the cassette support section 52 to be installed or removed.

Description

  The present invention relates to a smoke exhaust device that exhausts smoke generated when fuel such as woody biomass is burned, and a heating system including the smoke exhaust device.

Heating systems that generate heat by burning wood biomass fuel, such as firewood and wood pellets, are volatile organic compounds (VOC) that can adversely affect the human body and the environment, especially when the fuel is incompletely combusted. , Gases containing harmful substances such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), particulate matter (PM), carbon monoxide (CO), carbides, and smoke containing tar. Suppression of generation and reduction of emissions are required. Therefore, various heating systems having a mechanism for reducing emission of harmful substances by reburning unburned components before exhausting gas or smoke containing harmful substances are proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1). .)
In the heating system described in Patent Document 1, an oxidation catalyst is installed in the upper part of a combustion chamber in which fuel is burned, so that unburned components are reburned when passing through the oxidation catalyst, and the amount of CO in the exhaust gas is reduced. Can be reduced.

JP 2000-46334 A

  However, in the conventional heating system, the oxidation catalyst for reburning the unburned components generated at the time of incomplete combustion is provided on the upper part or the side part in the combustion chamber, so that the oxidation catalyst can be easily maintained. could not.

  Therefore, this invention pays attention to the above problems, and it aims at providing the smoke exhaust apparatus and heating system which can perform a maintenance easily.

  The above-mentioned subject is achieved by the present invention shown in the following <1> to <6>.

  <1> A chimney part through which smoke passes, and a catalyst part that is installed in the middle of the chimney part and has a catalyst that promotes re-combustion of unburned components contained in the smoke, the catalyst part, A smoke evacuation apparatus comprising: a catalyst cassette including the catalyst; and a cassette support part configured to support the catalyst cassette and be detachable from the chimney part.

  <2> The cassette support portion is configured to have a bottom portion that supports the catalyst cassette, the bottom portion is formed in an annular shape, and the catalyst cassette is placed on the bottom portion. <1> The smoke evacuation device described in 1.

  <3> The smoke exhausting device according to <1> or <2>, wherein the catalyst unit includes a door for taking in and out the catalyst cassette and the cassette support unit.

  <4> The door is formed on a wall surface that is continuous to the chimney or through a step, and is supported so as to be openable and closable by rotating horizontally and outward of the chimney < 3> The smoke evacuation device.

  <5> A heating device main body having a combustion chamber for burning fuel, a smoke exhaust device that includes a chimney portion through which smoke discharged from the combustion chamber passes, and is connected to the heating device main body by a connection portion. A heating system, wherein the smoke exhaust device is the smoke exhaust device according to any one of <1> to <4>.

  <6> The heating system according to <5>, wherein a distance between the connection portion and the catalyst portion is 30 cm or less.

  According to the present invention <1>, since the cassette support part that supports the catalyst cassette is configured to be removable from the chimney part, the catalyst cassette can be easily maintained by removing the catalyst cassette and the cassette support part. be able to. In addition, since the catalyst cassette is provided in the chimney, the generated smoke can be passed through the catalyst without being directly discharged to the outside, and particulates such as PM and carbide can be collected, particularly in the initial stage of the combustion process. Immediately after ignition, that is, at a low temperature (for example, less than 150 ° C.) where the action of the catalyst cassette promoting the reburning of unburned components is weak, the effect of reducing emission of harmful substances can be enhanced.

  According to the present invention <2>, the cassette support part is configured to have a bottom part for supporting the catalyst cassette, and the catalyst cassette is placed on the bottom part formed in an annular shape. Contamination due to PM, carbide, etc. can be confirmed from the lower side of the catalyst cassette, and the maintainability can be further improved.

  According to the present invention <3>, since the catalyst part is configured to have a door for taking in and out the catalyst cassette and the cassette support part, the catalyst cassette and the cassette support part can be easily taken out and attached. Thus, the maintainability of the catalyst part can be further improved.

  According to the present invention <4>, the catalyst cassette door is formed on the wall surface that continues through the chimney or through the step and is supported so as to be able to open and close by rotating horizontally and outward. And the door which takes in and out a cassette support part can be made into a simple structure.

  According to the present invention <5>, since the cassette support portion that supports the catalyst cassette is configured to be removable from the chimney, maintenance can be easily performed. In addition, since the catalyst cassette is provided in the chimney, the generated smoke can be passed through the catalyst cassette without being directly discharged to the outside, and particulates such as PM and carbide can be collected. Immediately after the stage or ignition, that is, at a low temperature (for example, less than 150 ° C.) where the action of the catalyst cassette promoting the combustion of unburned components is weak, it is possible to enhance the emission reduction effect of harmful substances.

  According to the present invention <6>, since the distance between the connecting portion and the catalyst portion is 30 cm or less, the smoke and gas are not allowed to pass through the catalyst portion, particularly after the initial stage of the combustion process where the generated smoke or gas becomes high temperature. Until it passes, the catalyst cassette is kept in a high temperature state that strongly promotes combustion of unburned components, so that more unburned components can be burned when smoke or gas passes through the catalyst cassette, The emission reduction effect of harmful substances can be further enhanced.

It is a perspective view which shows the heating system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the smoke exhaust apparatus of the said heating system. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state where a catalyst cassette and a cassette support part are taken out in the smoke exhaust device. It is a figure which shows the said catalyst cassette, (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a top view. It is a figure which shows the said cassette support part, (a) is a side view, (b) is a top view.

  A heating system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The heating system 1 of the present embodiment is used for heating in a house, and is connected to the heating device body 2 by the heating device body 2 and the connection unit 6 to discharge smoke and gas generated in the heating device body 2. And a smoke exhausting device 3 for the purpose. In this specification, the upper and lower sides of the heating system 1 are based on FIG. 1, and the vertical direction is the direction indicated by the arrow X in the figure.

  The heating device main body 2 includes a combustion chamber 21 for burning fuel and an air supply port (not shown) that takes in air necessary for fuel combustion into the combustion chamber 21. The combustion chamber 21 is formed using a metal material such as cast iron or steel, and fuel such as soot and wood pellets is burned therein.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the smoke exhaust device 3 includes a chimney portion 4 that discharges smoke and gas generated during fuel combustion, and a catalyst that promotes re-combustion of unburned components when smoke or gas passes. And a catalyst part 5 having the same.

  The chimney part 4 has a cylindrical part 41 through which smoke and gas pass, and is formed in a cylindrical shape with both ends opened. One end of the chimney 4 is connected to the combustion chamber 21 of the heating device body 2 installed in the house, and the other end is located outside the house (not shown). In addition, the chimney part 4 is appropriately bent according to the installation location of the heating system 1.

  The catalyst part 5 is provided in the middle of the part arranged in the vertical direction (arrow X direction in the figure) of the chimney part 4 to recombust unburned components contained in the smoke and gas discharged from the combustion chamber 21. A catalyst cassette 51 including an urging catalyst; a cassette support portion 52 configured to support the catalyst cassette 51 and be detachable from the chimney portion 4; and a door 53 into and out of the catalyst cassette 51 and the cassette support portion 52. Configured. Moreover, it is preferable that the distance of the connection part 6 and the catalyst part 5 is 30 cm or less which is maintained at a high temperature until the smoke and gas discharged | emitted pass a catalyst cassette. In consideration of convenience when the user performs maintenance of the catalyst unit 5, in the case of the heating system 1 in which the height of the heating apparatus body 2 is low, the catalyst unit 5 is at a height that can be reached by the user. Can be installed. Moreover, when the height of the heating apparatus main body 2 is high, for example, when the heating apparatus main body 2 is higher than the height of the user, the catalyst unit 5 is installed below the more convenient smoke exhaust device 3. Can do.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the catalyst cassette 51 includes a catalyst main body 511 provided with a smoke passage hole 512 through which smoke and gas discharged from the combustion chamber 21 pass. The catalyst body 511 is an oxidation catalyst in which a metal or ceramic member formed in a honeycomb structure is coated with a noble metal such as platinum or palladium. The smoke passage holes 512 are holes having a honeycomb structure of the catalyst main body 511. In the present specification, the temperature is low (for example, less than 150 ° C.) and the catalyst body 511 has an inactivated state in which the catalyst main body 511 has little catalytic activity for reburning of unburned components, and the temperature is high (for example, 150 ° C. or higher), the state in which the catalyst body 511 has catalytic activity for the reburning of unburned components is defined as the activated state.

  The cassette support portion 52 is configured to be removable in the direction of arrow Z in FIG. 3 and is formed by bending or welding a metal plate material. As shown in FIG. 5, the cassette support portion 52 includes an annular bottom portion 521 that supports the catalyst cassette 51, a peripheral wall portion 522 that is erected from the bottom portion 521 and into which the catalyst cassette 51 is fitted, and a user supports the cassette support portion 52. And a handle portion 523 that is used when taking out and attaching. The bottom portion 521 formed in an annular shape is provided so as to protrude inward from the peripheral wall portion 522, and the inner diameter of the bottom portion 521 is formed smaller than the outer diameter of the catalyst cassette 51, and the catalyst cassette 51 is placed on the upper surface of the bottom portion 521. Placed.

  The door 53 is provided on a wall surface through a step 42 provided in the cylindrical portion 41 of the chimney portion 4, and is horizontally and radially outward of the catalyst portion 5 and its opposite direction (arrow Y in FIG. 2) by a hinge 531. ) And is supported so that it can be opened and closed.

  Next, a method for exhausting smoke or gas generated when fuel is burned in the combustion chamber 21 will be described. First, when fuel is put into the combustion chamber 21 and ignited, the fuel is combusted using air taken in from an air supply port (not shown) communicating with the fuel chamber 21, and smoke and gas generated by this combustion are discharged from the smoke exhaust device. 3 and passes through the smoke passage hole 512 of the catalyst cassette 51.

  Immediately after ignition, the temperature is low and the catalyst main body 511 is in an inactivated state. Therefore, when the exhausted smoke or gas passes through the smoke passage hole 512, almost no reburning of unburned components contained in the smoke or gas occurs. Does not happen. When the temperature rises sufficiently (for example, 150 ° C. or more) and the catalyst cassette 51 is activated, recombustion of unburned components contained in the smoke and gas passing through the smoke passage holes 512 is promoted. Further, in both the inactivated state and the activated state, particulates such as PM and carbide contained in the smoke passing through the catalyst portion 5 are the wall surfaces forming the smoke passage holes 512 formed in the honeycomb structure, that is, the catalyst body. 511 is collected on the surface. These collected fine particles are reburned by the catalytic action of the catalyst main body 511, but a part remains as dirt.

  Next, maintenance of the catalyst unit 5 will be described. If the fine particles contained in the smoke remain on the surface of the catalyst main body 511, the fine particles become dirty and accumulate, so that smoke and gas are difficult to pass through the smoke passage holes 512. Moreover, since the catalyst main body 511 does not sufficiently function as an oxidation catalyst that promotes re-combustion of unburned components due to the contamination, it is necessary to periodically maintain the catalyst unit 5.

  In order to perform maintenance of the catalyst unit 5, the door 53 is opened, the catalyst cassette 51 is taken out together with the cassette support unit 52 in the direction of arrow Z in FIG. 3, the state of the catalyst cassette 51 is visually confirmed, and the smoke passage hole 512. Is clogged or the catalyst cassette 51 is damaged, the catalyst cassette 51 is cleaned or replaced.

  According to the present embodiment, since the cassette support portion 52 that supports the catalyst cassette 51 is configured to be removable from the chimney portion 4, the catalyst cassette 51 and the cassette support portion 52 can be removed to maintain the catalyst cassette 51. Can be easily performed.

  Further, since the catalyst portion 5 having the catalyst cassette 51 is provided in the middle of the chimney portion 4, the generated smoke is passed through the smoke passage holes 512 of the catalyst cassette 51, and particulates such as PM and carbides are passed through the catalyst body. In particular, immediately after the ignition of the fuel, that is, in an inactivated state of the catalyst main body 511, it is possible to enhance the emission reduction effect of harmful substances and the like.

  Further, since the cassette support portion 52 is configured to have a bottom portion 521 that supports the catalyst cassette 51, and the bottom portion 521 is formed in an annular shape and the catalyst cassette 51 is placed, the PM collected in the catalyst cassette 51 In the state where the catalyst cassette 51 is supported by the cassette support portion 52, the contamination due to the particles and carbides can be confirmed from the lower side without directly touching the catalyst cassette 51, and the maintainability can be further improved.

  Further, since the catalyst unit 5 includes a door 53 for taking in and out the catalyst cassette 51 and the cassette support portion 52, the catalyst cassette 51 and the cassette support portion 52 can be easily taken out and attached. And maintainability can be further improved.

  Further, since the door 53 of the catalyst unit 5 is formed on the wall surface through the step 42 provided in the cylindrical portion 41 of the chimney unit 4 and is supported so as to be able to open and close by rotating horizontally and outwardly. The door 53 for taking in and out the cassette 51 and the cassette support portion 52 can have a simple structure.

  In addition, since the distance between the connecting portion 6 and the catalyst portion 5 is 30 cm or less, particularly after the initial stage of the combustion process where the generated smoke or gas becomes high temperature, until the generated smoke or gas passes through the catalyst portion. Because the catalyst cassette is kept at a high temperature, which strongly promotes the combustion of unburned components, more unburned components can be burned when smoke or gas passes through the catalyst cassette, The emission reduction effect can be further enhanced.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes other configurations and the like that can achieve the object of the present invention. The following modifications and the like are also included in the present invention.

  For example, the door 53 for taking in and out the catalyst cassette 51 and the cassette support part 52 is provided on the wall surface through the step 42 provided in the cylinder part 41 of the chimney part 4, but in a state where the door 53 is closed. It suffices if smoke and gas can be discharged from the other end of the chimney portion 4, and may be formed integrally with the cassette support portion 52, for example. Further, the door 53 may be provided not on the wall surface via the step 42 but on the wall surface continuing to the cylindrical portion 41.

  Moreover, although the chimney part 4 was formed in the cylindrical shape, the shape of the chimney part 4 should just be able to discharge | emit smoke and gas through the inside of the chimney part 4, for example, makes a square cylinder shape, for example. Various modifications may be made.

  In addition, the best configuration, method and the like for carrying out the present invention have been disclosed in the above description, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the present invention has been illustrated and described primarily with respect to particular embodiments, but is not limited to the embodiments described above without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. Various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art in terms of materials, quantity, and other detailed configurations.

  Therefore, the description limiting the shape, material, etc. disclosed above is an example for easy understanding of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention. The description by the name of the member which remove | excluded the limitation of one part or all of such is included in this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heating system 2 Heating apparatus main body 3 Smoke exhaust device 4 Chimney part 5 Catalyst part 6 Connection part 21 Combustion chamber 42 Step 51 Catalyst cassette 52 Cassette support part 53 Door 511 Catalyst main body (catalyst)
521 bottom

Claims (6)

A chimney part through which smoke passes, and a catalyst part that is installed in the middle of the chimney part and has a catalyst that promotes reburning of unburned components contained in the smoke,
The flue gas characterized in that the catalyst part includes a catalyst cassette including the catalyst, and a cassette support part configured to be detachable from the chimney part while supporting the catalyst cassette. apparatus. The cassette support portion is configured to have a bottom portion for supporting the catalyst cassette;
The smoke exhaust apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the bottom portion is formed in an annular shape, and the catalyst cassette is placed on the bottom portion.   The smoke exhausting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the catalyst unit includes a door for taking in and out the catalyst cassette and the cassette support unit.   The said door is formed in the wall surface which continued through the said chimney part thru | or a level | step difference, and is supported so that opening and closing is possible by rotating horizontally and the outer direction of the said chimney part. The smoke evacuation device described.   A heating system having a heating device main body having a combustion chamber for burning fuel, and a smoke exhaust device having a chimney portion through which smoke discharged from the combustion chamber passes and connected to the heating device main body by a connection portion And the said smoke exhaust apparatus is a smoke exhaust apparatus of any one of Claims 1-4, The heating system characterized by the above-mentioned.   The heating system according to claim 5, wherein a distance between the connection portion and the catalyst portion is 30 cm or less.

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