JP2014236199A - Photovoltaic power generation system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve such a problem of a photovoltaic power generation system that when the altitude of the sun is low, or when a solar cell module is moved, a shadow appearing on the solar cell module surface causes lowering of power generation efficiency, and deterioration due to heat generation of the solar cell.SOLUTION: In a photovoltaic power generation system where solar cell modules 1 are arranged on a scaffold, a plurality of solar cells 52 in a solar cell module 1 are connected in series only in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of a shadow due to other solar cell module 1 arranged on the south side of the solar cell module 1, in the plane thereof.

Description

  The present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation system that enables photovoltaic power generation at the same time while irradiating an appropriate amount of sunlight on the ground such as farmland.

  In recent years, as one of the means to solve the energy shortage in Japan, while supporting farming by setting up a pillar such as yagura on the farmland and installing a photovoltaic power generation system that is one of the renewable energy on it A method of performing solar power generation, so-called solar sharing, has been proposed. In this solar sharing, it is possible to generate solar power while continuing agriculture, so there is no need to abandon cultivated land or leave the farm for solar power generation. It is possible to acquire both energy resources at the same time. In addition to installation on agricultural land, installation on the ground, such as the upper part of a parking lot, enables solar power generation in places where it has not been used so far.

  FIG. 1 shows an example of a solar power generation system called solar sharing. As shown in FIG. 1, the yagura 6 is composed of a vertical column 5, a horizontal column 4, and a support column 3. A support leg 2 is attached to the support column 3 of the yagler 6, and the solar cell module 1 is attached to the upper part of the yagler 6 by the support leg 2. The solar cell module can be attached by using an attachment band and a screw in addition to the support leg 2 described above. The support legs 2, the support columns 3, the horizontal columns 4, and the vertical columns 5 are connected to each other with a connection fitting or the like.

  The solar cell modules 1 are arranged in a matrix or a checkered pattern, and sunlight between the solar cell modules 1 has a sufficient amount of sunlight for growing crops on the farmland where the yagura 6 is installed. A sufficient gap is formed so that can be reached.

  On the other hand, by adopting a Yagura structure using such a support, it is possible to support the solar cell module 1 with only a light support having a small base portion. Moreover, the load on the yagura 6 is reduced by using a light-weight solar cell module itself. In addition, as a structure that protects this lightweight solar cell module against wind, a structure in which wind pressure resistance is substantially reduced has been proposed (Patent Document 1).

  A power control device 7 for converting the generated power into a usable state is attached to a part of the yagura 6. Although not shown, a storage battery for use after accumulating electric energy from the power control device 7 may be connected, or connected to a commercial power line by appropriately performing DC / AC conversion or boosting. May be.

JP 2005-277038 A

  However, when installing a solar power generation system using the groundgrass on the ground top such as farmland, the solar cell modules are inclined with respect to the yagras or the ground in order to increase the amount of power generation, and the solar cell modules are also closely packed together. Need to be deployed. Therefore, when the altitude of the sun is low, other solar cell modules installed next to the south block some sunlight and cast shadows on the installed solar cell modules, reducing the amount of power generation. Have the problem of

  At that time, in the conventional solar cell module 51 as shown in FIG. 5, since a plurality of solar cells 52 are all connected in series by the electrical connection 53, when sunlight hits a part of the solar cell module 51. If it becomes a shadow, the solar cell in that part becomes a high resistance value, and the power generated by other solar cells consumes power, resulting in poor power generation efficiency. The life of the is shortened. As a countermeasure, there is a case where a bypass diode is connected in parallel to the solar battery cell. This causes an increase in the number of parts, which causes a problem of increasing the cost of the solar battery module.

  Furthermore, in solar sharing, although solar power generation and agricultural production can both be achieved, if a sufficient amount of sunlight cannot be secured for crops due to bad weather, It is necessary to remove the battery module. However, the removal work of the solar cell module installed on the top of the Yagra is not only very difficult, it is also necessary to remove the electrical wiring between the solar cell modules and electrically connect only the remaining solar cell modules, There is also a problem that it cannot be easily handled.

  The present invention enables a photovoltaic power generation at the same time while irradiating a moderate amount of sunlight on the ground by assembling a yagura on the ground and arranging solar cell modules with appropriate intervals on the yagura. In the solar power generation system, the solar cell module is inclined and installed on the yagra, a plurality of solar cells are arranged in the solar cell module, and the plurality of solar cells in the solar cell module The cells are connected in series only in the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the shadow by another solar cell module arranged on the south side of the solar cell module in the plane of the solar cell module. It relates to a photovoltaic power generation system.

  Moreover, it is preferable that a plurality of sets of the plurality of solar cells connected in series in the solar cell module are arranged in the solar cell module.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the solar cell module can be moved and fixed in the north-south direction even after the solar power generation system is installed.

  In the solar cell module used in the solar power generation system of the present invention, another solar cell in which a plurality of solar cells in the solar cell module are arranged on the south side of the solar cell module in the plane of the solar cell module. They are connected in series only in the direction perpendicular to the direction of shadow movement by the module. When the solar altitude is low, only the sunlight that is not blocked by the solar cell module arranged on the south side is irradiated to the adjacent solar cell module on the north side. That is, this sunlight is irradiated on the upper side of the solar cell module, and the lower side becomes a shadow. Thus, the photovoltaic cell irradiated with sunlight converts sunlight into electric power. According to the structure of this invention, in order to take out the electric power out of a solar cell module efficiently, the solar cell of the part which becomes a shadow of the lower side of a solar cell module, and the upper side of the solar cell module irradiated with sunlight The solar cells that are irradiated with sunlight are electrically connected in series. A plurality of solar cells electrically connected in series as described above are arranged in the vertical direction (direction in which the shadow moves in the solar cell module) in the same solar cell module. Thereby, the electric power of the solar cell irradiated with sunlight in the upper part of the solar cell module irradiated with sunlight can be effectively taken out of the solar cell module. Furthermore, since the electric power by other solar cells irradiated with sunlight does not flow to the solar cells in the shaded portion, no heat is generated even if the resistance value becomes high. Furthermore, since the bypass diode used in the conventional solar cell module can be eliminated, the manufacturing process of the solar cell module can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

  Further, even after the solar power generation system is installed, the solar cell module can be shaded on the moved solar cell module, even when the solar cell module is moved and fixed in the north-south direction, as in the case where the solar altitude is lowered. . In that case, the same effect as described above can be obtained.

It is a typical perspective view which shows the external appearance of the solar energy power generation system which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the state which sunlight pours into the solar energy power generation system which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the state which sunlight with low altitude pours into the solar energy power generation system which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the state which sunlight pours into the solar energy power generation system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the conventional solar cell module. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the solar cell module which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram explaining the movement of the shadow which arises in the solar cell module which concerns on 1st Embodiment, (a) is a schematic diagram which shows the state in which the shadow is not produced in the solar cell module, (b) is a solar module. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state where the lower 1/6 became a shadow, (c) is a schematic diagram which shows the state where the lower 1/3 of the solar module became a shadow, (d), It is a schematic diagram which shows the state by which 2/3 lower side of the solar cell module was shaded. It is a schematic diagram which shows the electrical connection state of the solar cell modules which concern on 1st Embodiment.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a solar power generation system according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing an appearance of the photovoltaic power generation system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a state in which sunlight falls on the photovoltaic power generation system according to the first embodiment. Drawing 3 is a figure showing the state where sunlight with low altitude pours into the photovoltaic power generation system concerning a 1st embodiment. FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the solar cell module according to the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram for explaining the movement of the shadow generated in the solar cell module according to the first embodiment, wherein (a) is a diagram showing a state where the solar cell module has no shadow, and (b) is the solar module. It is a figure which shows the state in which the lower 1/6 became a shadow, (c) is a figure which shows the state in which the lower 1/3 of the solar module became a shadow, (d) It is a figure which shows the state which the lower 2/3 of the battery module became a shadow. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an electrical connection state between the solar cell modules according to the first embodiment.

  A solar power generation system 8 shown in FIG. 1 includes a support leg 2 and a power control device 7 for attaching the yagura 6, the solar cell module 1, the yaggle 6, and the solar cell module 1. The yagura 6 includes a vertical support 5, a horizontal support 4, and a support support 3. A support leg 2 is attached to the support column 3 of the yagler 6, and the solar cell module 1 is attached to the upper part of the yagler 6 by the support leg 2. The solar cell module can be attached using an attachment band and a screw in addition to the support leg 2. The support legs 2, the support columns 3, the horizontal columns 4, and the vertical columns 5 are connected to each other with a connection fitting or the like. In order to receive sunlight efficiently, the solar cell module is desirably installed in the northern direction in the northern hemisphere (in contrast, in the northern direction in the southern hemisphere). However, it is not limited to this.

  The solar cell modules 1 of the present embodiment are arranged in a matrix as shown in FIG. Of course, it goes without saying that other than the matrix shape, for example, they may be arranged in a checkered pattern. Between each solar cell module 1, a sufficient gap is formed on the ground (agricultural land) 24 where the yagler 6 is installed so that a sufficient amount of sunlight can reach to grow the crop. Although this embodiment demonstrates the case where a solar power generation system is installed on farmland, this solar power generation system can be utilized also for parking lots other than farmland.

  A solar cell module 1 used in this embodiment is shown in FIG. In the solar cell module 1, solar cells 52 are arranged in a total of 27 cells of 9 columns × 3 rows. The plurality of solar cells 52 are electrically connected 53 only in the row direction (lateral direction), and the plurality of solar cells 52 in each row are electrically different from the plurality of solar cells 52 in other rows. Not connected. The wiring for taking out the electric power from this solar cell module 1 exists for the number of rows of the solar cells 52 (three systems). It goes without saying that the number of solar cells 52 is not limited to the number of the present embodiment. Also, various types of solar cells such as silicon single crystal, polycrystal, and thin film can be used as solar cells.

  Next, a method for connecting the solar cell modules 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

  In order to connect the solar cell modules 1 of FIG. 6, connection cables 81 are used as the three systems of electrical wiring that are the same as the number of rows of solar cells. The connection cable 81 electrically connects the bottoms, centers, and tops of each solar cell module 1 to each other. In this embodiment, since the configuration is three rows, the above-described three systems of connection cables 81 are used, but it goes without saying that when the number of rows increases, the number of connection cables increases accordingly.

  Next, the relationship between the solar cell module and the shadow will be described.

  In FIG. 2, the solar cell module 1 is attached to a support column 3 via a support leg 2. At that time, in order to increase the power generation efficiency, the solar cell module 1 is attached to be inclined. The optimum angle of inclination varies depending on the installation location, season, etc., but is 30 degrees in the present embodiment. When the solar altitude is at a certain level, the sunlight 21 irradiated to the solar cell module 1 passes through a portion where the solar cell module 1 is not present, and forms a sun 23 on the ground (farmland) 24, or by the solar cell module 1. A shade 22 is created on the blocked ground (farmland) 24. The ratio between the sunlit 23 and the shade 22 can be adjusted by adjusting the installation interval of the solar cell modules 1. When producing a crop under the solar power generation system 8, it is important to adjust the ratio of the sun 23 and the shade 22 so that a sufficient amount of sunlight is applied to the growth of the crop. If the altitude of the sun is as shown in FIG. 2, the entire surface of the solar cell module 1 is irradiated with sunlight.

  FIG. 3 shows a case where the altitude of the sun is lowered in winter, morning, evening or the like. Sunlight 31 from the sun with a low altitude in FIG. 3 is applied to the solar cell module 1, but even in the case of the solar cell modules 1 that are arranged at intervals, they are applied to the ground (farmland) 24. Are not exposed to sunlight, and the ground (farmland) 24 is shaded 22. In this case, the shadow of the solar cell module 1 arranged on the south side is formed on the lower side of the adjacent solar cell module 1 arranged on the north side (that is, the ground (farmland) 24 side). That is, the solar cell module 1 is irradiated with sunlight 31 on its upper side.

  Next, the relationship between the movement of the shadow and the solar battery cells in the solar battery module 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

  Here, the moving direction of the shadow by another solar cell module 1 arranged on the south side of a certain solar cell module 1 is that the solar cell module is installed on the upper part of the yagler 6, and therefore in the drawings of FIGS. 6 and 7. In the vertical direction. Here, the downward direction or the lower side of the solar cell module 1 refers to the side of the ground (farmland) 24 direction from the place where the solar cell module 1 is installed. Conversely, the upward direction or the upper side is the side in the opposite direction. The solar cell module 1 includes a total of 27 solar cells 52 of 9 columns × 3 rows, and the solar cells 52 are located on the south side of the solar cell module 1 in the plane of the solar cell module 1. Are connected in series only in the vertical direction with respect to the moving direction of the shadow by another solar cell module disposed in the. That is, the solar cells 52 are electrically connected 53 only in the row direction (lateral direction) in FIG.

  FIG. 7A shows a case where the entire surface of the solar cell module 1 is irradiated with sunlight, which is the state described in FIG. FIG. 7 (b) to FIG. 7 (d) show a state in which the altitude of the sun is lowered, and the shadow of the solar cell module 1 installed on the south side is shadowed below the solar cell module 1 installed next to the north side. It is.

  In the state of FIG. 7B, the shadow 70 is cast on about half of the plurality of solar cells 52 in the lowermost row among the three rows of solar cells 52. In this case, the plurality of solar cells 52 in the lowermost row can generate power to some extent, but the amount of power generation is lower than that of other solar cells 52 that do not have shadows 70. The resistance value becomes high. In the conventional solar cell module 51 as shown in FIG. 5, all the solar cells 52 are electrically connected in series 53 in the solar cell module 51. If so, the power generation efficiency will decrease. In order to avoid this, it is necessary to add components such as a bypass diode. However, in the present embodiment, in the solar cell module 1, the electric connection 53 is made in series for each row, and the rows are not made in series. Therefore, even if there is no additional component such as a bypass diode, power generation is possible. There is no loss of efficiency.

  In the state of FIG. 7 (c), a shadow is cast on one row of the lowermost solar cells 52 among the three rows of solar cells 52, and the lowermost solar cells 52. Can no longer generate electricity and has a high resistance value. However, the solar cells 52 in the other two rows are irradiated with sunlight, and can generate power. In order to efficiently extract the electric power generated by the solar cells 52 irradiated with sunlight from the solar cell module 1, as described with reference to FIG. 6, in the solar cell module 1 of the present embodiment, the solar cell Electrical connection 53 is made only in the row direction (lateral direction) of the cells 52. Therefore, the electric power generated independently from the two upper rows irradiated with sunlight can be taken out of the solar cell module 1. Since the lower row does not generate electricity, it has a high resistance value, but since it is not electrically connected to the other two rows, this solar cell not irradiated with sunlight generates other electricity. It does not affect the solar cells.

  Further, when the altitude of the sun is lowered, the state becomes as shown in FIG. 7 (d), and shadows fall on the lower two rows of solar cells, making it impossible to generate power, but the uppermost row of solar cells is generating power. To do. At that time, similarly to the above, the power generated independently can be taken out of the solar cell module 1 from the upper one row irradiated with sunlight. Since the lower two rows do not generate power, they have a high resistance value, but they are not electrically connected to the other one, so the solar cells that are not irradiated with this sunlight are generating other power. It does not affect solar cells.

(Second Embodiment)
Hereinafter, a photovoltaic power generation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. This embodiment is an embodiment when the solar cell module is moved and fixed in the direction of another solar cell module arranged on the south side after the photovoltaic power generation system is installed. As the solar cell module in the present embodiment, the solar cell module of the first embodiment is used. Therefore, parts having the same configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and a part of the description is simplified or omitted.

  In this embodiment, when producing a crop on the ground, it is assumed that a sufficient amount of sunlight cannot be secured for the crop due to bad weather. In this case, it is conceivable to remove the solar cell module in order to ensure a sufficient amount of sunlight for the crop. However, the removal work of the solar cell module installed on the top of the Yagra is not only very difficult, it is also necessary to remove the electrical wiring between the solar cell modules and electrically connect only the remaining solar cell modules, It cannot be easily handled. Therefore, even after installing the solar power generation system, the solar cell module can be moved and fixed in the direction of another solar cell module arranged on the south side.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the solar cell module 41 is moved in the direction of another solar cell module arranged on the south side (right side in the drawing) and moved to the lower portion of the unmoved solar cell module 1. The modules 41 are arranged close to each other so as to overlap each other. The solar cell module 41 is moved by the support leg 2 being slid on the support column 3. As long as the support leg 2 is slid, it can be easily realized by loosening and moving the connection fitting and fixing it after the movement.

  When the specific solar cell module 41 is moved, the ratio of the sun 23 created on the ground (farmland) 24 is increased by the overlapping amount of the solar modules, and the ground (farmland) 24 is irradiated with much sunlight. It is possible to cover the short daylight hours due to bad weather. However, the solar cell module 41 to be moved has a shadow of the solar cell module 1 not moved by this movement. This shadow of this embodiment is the same as that when the solar altitude described in the first embodiment is lowered for the solar cell module. That is, the upper part where the solar cell module 41 is irradiated with sunlight can take out the generated electric power to the outside of the solar cell module 41. And since the shadow part by the lower side solar cell module 1 does not generate electric power, it becomes a high resistance value, but since it is not electrically connected with the electric power generating solar cell, this sunlight is not irradiated. The solar battery cell does not affect other solar battery cells that generate electricity.

  In the present embodiment, the case has been described in which the solar cell module on the south side is fixed and the solar cell module on the north side is moved, but the solar cell module on the north side is fixed and the solar cell module on the south side is moved. Needless to say, the same effect can be obtained.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Solar cell module 2 Support leg 3 Support support column 4 Horizontal support column 5 Vertical support column 6 Yagura 7 Power control device 21 Sunlight 22 Shade 23 Sunata 24 Ground (farmland)
31 Solar 41 Moved Solar Cell Module 51 Solar Cell Module 52 Solar Cell 53 Electrical Connection 70 Shadow 71 Shadow 72 Shadow 81 Connection Cable

Claims (3)

Solar power generation that enables solar power generation simultaneously while irradiating moderate sunlight on the ground by assembling a yagura on the ground and arranging solar cell modules with appropriate intervals formed on the yagra In the system,
The solar cell module is installed inclined to the yagra,
A plurality of solar cells are arranged in the solar cell module,
The plurality of solar cells in the solar cell module are in series only in the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the shadow by another solar cell module arranged on the south side of the solar cell module in the plane of the solar cell module. A photovoltaic power generation system characterized by being connected to   The solar power generation system according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of sets of the plurality of solar cells connected in series in the solar cell module are arranged in the solar cell module.   3. The solar power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the solar cell module can be moved and fixed in the north-south direction even after the solar power generation system is installed.

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