JP2014235854A - Straight tube led lamp and luminaire - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a straight tube LED lamp capable of making a luminance value when observed from a front direction infinitely close to zero, and capable of contributing to improvement of usability by reducing glare when observed from the front direction.SOLUTION: At a rod-like housing, which is not shown, a mounting substrate is installed in which a plurality of LEDs 12 are disposed along a longitudinal direction. A portion facing the LEDs in the housing is covered by a transparent cover 3. In a central part in a short-side direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction on an inner surface side of the cover 3, lens parts 50a, 50b comprising a convex cylindrical lens having power in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction are formed, and an optical axis of the lens parts is deviated to the outside.

Description

  The present invention relates to a straight tube LED lamp using a semiconductor light emitting element such as an LED as a light source, and an illumination device including the straight tube LED lamp.

In recent years, straight tube lamps using LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes) as light sources have been commercialized.
Since the LED for illumination has been put into practical use in recent years, the luminous efficiency has been improved year by year.
With the progress of LED manufacturing technology, not only switching from an incandescent lamp but also switching from a fluorescent lamp (fluorescent tube) to a straight tube LED lamp has been proposed and implemented.
Compared to fluorescent tubes, straight tube LED lamps have many advantages such as long life, low power consumption, and low environmental impact because they do not use mercury.

Common commercially available fluorescent lamps (fluorescent tubes) include an annular tube fluorescent lamp and a rod-shaped straight tube fluorescent lamp.
Circular tube fluorescent lamps are mainly used in homes, and straight tube fluorescent lamps are used in a wide range of applications such as factories, offices and general households.
A straight tube type LED lamp that is replacing a straight tube type fluorescent lamp has a built-in LED unit having an LED substrate in which a plurality of LEDs are mounted in a longitudinal direction in a transparent cover and a metal frame.

However, due to the high directivity of the LED, illumination using the LED as a light source has a drawback that it is very dazzling when observed from the front direction, and unpleasant glare (discomfort caused by glare) tends to increase. .
As an index for evaluating unpleasant glare, there is an index called UGR (Unified Glare Rating) defined by JIS.
In order to reduce UGR, it is effective to reduce the luminance value of the light source or to reduce the apparent light source area when viewed from the observer.

For reducing the luminance value, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a method using a prism plate is known.
This is because a first prism plate in which a prism pattern having an isosceles triangle cross section is formed on the upper part of the LED light source section, and a second prism plate is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the prism pattern intersects thereon. It has the structure which arranged.
Patent Document 2 discloses a method in which a plurality of cylindrical lenses are arranged so as to be orthogonal to inner and outer surfaces of a translucent cover, and an image is enlarged to eliminate unevenness of light.

  However, the conventional method of reducing the luminance value cannot make the luminance value as close to zero as possible, and it cannot be said that countermeasures against unpleasant glare are sufficient.

  The present invention was devised in view of such a current situation, the luminance value when observed from the front direction can be as close to zero as possible, and is used with reduced glare when observed from the front direction. The main object of the present invention is to provide a straight tube LED lamp that can contribute to the improvement of the performance.

  To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a rod-shaped casing, a translucent cover member attached to the casing so as to cover one side surface of the casing over the entire length thereof, and the cover. In a straight tube LED lamp having a plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements as light sources arranged along the longitudinal direction inside the member, the cover member has a lens portion on the inner surface, It is possible to suppress the arrival of substantially parallel light from the plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements to the center portion in the short direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cover member.

  According to the present invention, the luminance value when observed from the front direction can be as close to zero as possible, and the glare can be reduced and the usability can be improved.

It is principal part sectional drawing which shows the structure of the cover of the straight tube | pipe type LED lamp which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a ray simulation figure for demonstrating the reason the brightness | luminance observed from the front direction becomes zero infinite by presence of a lens part. It is a disassembled perspective view of an illuminating device. It is a perspective view of the state where the cover of a straight tube form LED lamp was removed. It is a perspective view of the state where a part of a case of a straight tube type LED lamp was cut and a base was removed. It is a figure which shows the structure of a straight tube | pipe type LED lamp, (a) is a disassembled perspective view of the notch in one end part, (b) is a disassembled perspective view of the notch in the other end part. It is a figure which shows the mounting structure of a LED board, (a) is an exploded perspective view of one end part, (b) is an exploded perspective view of the other end part. FIG. 5 is a view of the straight tube LED lamp as viewed from the direction A in FIG. FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion B in FIG. 5. It is principal part sectional drawing which shows the fixation structure of the power supply board with respect to the housing | casing by a clamp. FIG. 9 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 8 in a modified example.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, based on FIG. 3 thru | or FIG. 8, the specific structure of the straight tube | pipe type LED lamp and illuminating device which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated.
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the appearance of the lighting device 200. The lighting device 200 includes a straight tube LED lamp 100 and a lighting fixture (lamp) 150 on which the straight tube LED lamp 100 is mounted.
The lighting fixture 150 is the same as a fixture for lighting a fluorescent lamp, and the terminals (4a to 4d) of the straight tube LED lamp 100 are inserted in accordance with the hole positions of the sockets 151a and 151b.
The commercial current flows from the terminals (4a to 4d) to the LED described later in the straight tube LED lamp 100, and the straight tube LED lamp 100 is turned on.

The straight tube LED lamp 100 mainly includes a rod-shaped housing 2, a cover 3 as a translucent cover member, and a cap 1 a and 1 b as a cap member that can be electrically connected to the lighting fixture 150. It is configured.
Here, the cover 3 is transparent.
The casing 2 is formed in a semi-cylindrical shape (cylindrical shape) whose cross-sectional shape is substantially the same in the longitudinal direction (axial direction).
In order to improve the function of radiating heat generated inside, the outer surface of the housing 2 is provided with irregularities (see FIG. 8) to increase the surface area.
The housing | casing 2 is formed with the metal material with large heat conductivity. Due to the cylindrical shape, the casing 2 having a uniform cross-sectional shape can be manufactured at low cost by a processing method such as extrusion molding or pultrusion molding.

As the metal material, an aluminum alloy or a magnesium alloy is often used, but other extruded materials may be used.
The unevenness of the outer peripheral portion can provide a heat dissipation function similar to that provided with ribs or heat dissipation fins.
Here, for the purpose of improving heat dissipation, the outer periphery of the housing 2 is provided with irregularities. However, if the insulation between the housing 2 and a drive board (power supply board) and electrical components described later can be secured, the inner periphery Irregularities may be provided on the surface.

The cover 3 has an outer diameter (curvature) substantially the same as the outer diameter of the housing 2 and is formed in a semicircular shape having an opening along the longitudinal direction of the housing 2.
That is, the cover 3 has an arc-shaped cross-sectional shape and has a size that covers one side surface of the housing 2 in the longitudinal direction.
As shown in FIG. 8, the cover 3 is attached in such a manner that an edge 33 is fitted into an axially extending groove 21 provided on the outer surface of the housing 2, and the integral configuration with the housing 2 is a cylindrical shape. .
As shown in FIG. 3, the caps 1 a and 1 b are provided so as to cover the outer surfaces at both ends of an integral configuration of the housing 2 and the cover 3.
As shown in FIG. 6, the bases 1 a and 1 b are equipped with terminals 4 a to 4 d that can be mounted on a lighting fixture (fluorescent lamp lighting fixture) 150 that can turn on a fluorescent lamp.

Current is supplied to the power supply substrate 7 via the terminals 4a to 4d of the caps 1a and 1b and lead wires 6a and 6b extending from the connector 16 connected to the caps 1a and 1b.
There is no problem even if the terminals 4a to 4d and the lead wires 6a and 6b are electrically connected by a method such as direct soldering.
The bases 1a and 1b are fixed to the housing 2 by a plurality of screws 5a to 5d, so that the housing 2 and the cover 3 fitted thereto are integrated so as to be integrated.

The bases 1a and 1b may be fixed to the housing 2 by means such as caulking instead of screwing. The shapes of the caps 1a and 1b are substantially the same as the caps located at both ends of the existing fluorescent lamp.
Therefore, an LED lamp illumination device can be configured without requiring replacement of the luminaire by attaching the straight tube LED lamp 100 to the existing luminaire using the fluorescent lamp instead of the fluorescent lamp. Can do.
Thereby, compared with the case where a new lighting fixture is separately attached, the facility cost and the construction cost can be greatly reduced, and the labor and time for replacement work can be reduced.

As shown in FIG. 8, an LED substrate as a mounting substrate is disposed outside the flat portion (a portion corresponding to a semicircular string) 32 of the housing 2 and inside the cover 3 so as to face the cover 3. 11 is fixed via a sheet 10 having adhesiveness.
The sheet 10 is preferably made of a material having good thermal conductivity (for example, a heat-dissipating silicone rubber) in order to easily transmit heat generated by the LED to the housing 2, that is, to promote heat dissipation.
The power supply substrate 7 is disposed inside the housing 2 along the inside of the flat portion 32.
As shown in FIG. 4, the LED board 11 is an elongated rectangular printed board, and includes an LED board 11a and an LED board 11b.

Corresponding to the divided configuration of the LED substrate 11, the sheet 10 is also divided in the longitudinal direction.
A plurality of LEDs 12 a and 12 b as examples of semiconductor light emitting elements (light sources) having an EL effect are mounted on the LED substrates 11 a and 11 b at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the housing 2.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the power supply substrate 7 is formed in an elongated rectangular shape extending in the longitudinal direction of the housing 2, and a plurality of electronic components 9 for DC power conversion are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction on the mounting surface. It is installed.

The current rectified to direct current by the electronic component 9 is supplied to the mounting boards 11a and 11b through the lead wires 13a and 13b shown in FIG.
The LED boards 11a and 11b are electrically connected by lead wires or jumper wires (not shown).
In the present embodiment, the mounting substrate (LED substrate) on which the semiconductor light emitting element is mounted has a two-series arrangement configuration, but one or three or more series arrangement configurations or a parallel configuration may be used.

The characteristic configuration of the present invention will be described below.
As shown in FIG. 1, the lens portions 50 a and 50 b are adjacent to each other in the short direction by extrusion molding at the center portion (portion corresponding to the front surface) in the short direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction on the inner surface side of the cover 3. Are integrally molded.

Each of the lens portions 50a and 50b has a convex cylindrical lens shape having power in the short direction, and has a shape in which the optical axis is shifted outward (see FIG. 2).
In other words, each lens unit 50a, 50b has an optical axis outside the center position (lens center) of the shape of the lens unit in the lateral direction (on the lens unit 50a, on the upper side of the lens unit 50a, the lens unit) In 50b, it has a shape located away from the lower side.

Although the optical axis itself is not displaced, it is easy to understand. When the shape of the lens is cut from the center in half in the short direction, the optical axis on the lens outer shape is positioned at the lens end in the remaining half shape. To do.
In the present embodiment, this is expressed as “the optical axis is shifted outward”.
In other words, the lens portion 50a is approximately equal to the shape of the upper half of the short direction, and the lens portion 50b is substantially equal to the shape of the lower half of the short direction.
The lens portions 50 a and 50 b are formed over the entire longitudinal direction corresponding to the length of the LED substrate 11.
In other drawings, the lens portion of the cover 3 is omitted.

FIG. 2 is a simulation diagram showing an optical path of substantially parallel rays reaching the observation surface (light receiving surface from the front direction) R.
In FIG. 2, reference numeral f1 indicates the focal point of the lens unit 50a, and f2 indicates the focal point of the lens unit 50b.
Since the luminance value observed by the human eye only needs to consider only approximately parallel rays, assuming that parallel light is incident on each lens unit from the right side of the figure, the optical path inside the lamp is the effect of the eccentric lens (function ) As shown in the figure.

This is equivalent to the fact that light parallel to the Z-axis among the light emitted from the LED 12 does not reach the front direction.
That is, the brightness observed from the front direction approaches zero as much as possible. Thereby, the glare at the time of observing from a front direction can be reduced.
In other words, the straight tube LED lamp according to the present invention is suitable for use in combination with a lamp whose observation direction is limited.
The degree of deviation of the lens portions 50a and 50b to the outside of the optical axis is such that substantially parallel light within ± 1 ° from the LED 12 does not reach the front direction.
When mounted on a lamp with a limited observation direction, since the lamp position is fixed, discomfort glare cannot be reduced by position adjustment, but glare is reduced by using the straight tube LED lamp 100 according to the present embodiment. be able to.

In the present embodiment, the lens portions 50a and 50b are integrally formed on the cover 3 by extrusion molding, but can also be formed by pultrusion molding or injection molding.
Alternatively, a lens part (convex cylindrical lens) as a separate member may be attached to the cover 3.
Further, the cover 3 may be formed of a diffusing material.

According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the glare by reducing the luminance value when observed from the front direction as a single lamp, so that it is possible to effectively use existing facilities (lamps) compatible with fluorescent lamps.
Moreover, there is no troublesome adjustment of the position of the lamp, which can contribute to improvement in usability.

The other structure of the straight tube | pipe type LED lamp 100 is demonstrated.
As described above, the power supply substrate 7 is installed inside the flat portion 32 of the housing 2.
If there is no electronic component on the surface opposite to the mounting surface of the electronic component 9 of the power supply board 7 and an insulating material such as paint is applied to the flat portion 32 to ensure electrical insulation, the two are brought into direct contact with each other. Can be made.
A recess 30 that can accommodate the power supply substrate 7 is formed inside the housing 2.

The power supply board 7 converts the current sent from the commercial power supply from alternating current to direct current, supplies the current to the LED boards 11a and 11b via the lead wires 13a and 13b, and lights the LEDs 12a and 12b.
As shown in FIG. 9, the power supply substrate 7 is inserted by inserting the clamp 15 so that the hole 24 provided in the end portion thereof matches the hole 25 provided in the flat portion 32 of the housing 2 (see FIG. 10). , Fixed to the housing 2.
The clamp 15 is a locking means for fixing one end of the power supply substrate 7 in the longitudinal direction to the housing 2.
Thereby, the position shift of the power supply board 7 in the longitudinal direction can be regulated.
The other end of the power supply substrate 7 is held by the lead wires 13a and 13b as described above.

The hole 25 provided in the housing 2 is selected outside the LED substrate 11b and closer to the base 1b (see FIG. 4).
That is, the clamp 15 is set on the side of the power supply substrate 7 close to the base 1b and is set on the outer side of the LED substrate 11b.
Thus, by arranging the clamp 15 on the outside of the LED substrate 11, the luminous flux of the LED is not lost and shaded.
In FIG. 8 and the like, the clamp 15 shows a protruding shape for easy understanding.
In practice, as shown in FIG. 10, when the clamp 15 is inserted and pushed in from the outside of the flat portion 32, the elastically deformable portion 15 a spreads outward when it passes through the hole 24 of the power supply substrate 7.
Thereby, the power supply board 7 is fixed to the housing 2 by a one-touch operation.

  Since the heat dissipation effect is improved by making the outer periphery of the housing 2 uneven, and the power supply substrate 7 is installed in close contact with the flat portion 32 of the housing 2 and the adhesion is enhanced by the clamp 15. Heat from 7 can be efficiently released to the housing.

As shown in FIG. 8, the direction perpendicular to the power supply substrate 7 can be regulated by making the length under the clamp neck h <b> 1 and (the casing flat portion thickness + the power supply substrate thickness) h <b> 2 substantially the same. .
That is, the movement of the power supply substrate 7 in the thickness direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the casing can be restricted.

The concave portion 30 includes a flat portion 32 and two ribs 31 a and 31 b as protrusions rising from the flat portion 32 in the thickness direction of the power supply substrate 7.
If the length L (see FIG. 5) of the ribs 31a and 31b is the same as the length of the housing 2, for example, extrusion processing is possible.
That is, it can be integrally molded simultaneously with the molding of the housing 2, and a reduction in manufacturing cost can be maintained.
Since the ribs 31a and 31b are formed in the flat portion 32, the space between the protrusions is formed on a flat surface.

As shown in FIG. 8, when the width of the power supply substrate 7 is D1, and the interval between the ribs 31a and 31b is D2, the relationship of D2> D1 is established.
That is, the width is set such that the power supply substrate 7 can be smoothly inserted into the recess 30.
The rib height H <b> 1 is set to a height substantially equal to the component mounting surface of the power supply substrate 7.
By doing so, even if the power supply substrate 7 tries to move in the left-right direction in the figure, it cannot get over the ribs 31a and 31b.

Therefore, the power supply substrate 7 is prevented from being displaced in the width direction (left-right direction) orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the housing by the ribs 31a and 31b.
Thereby, disconnection of the lead wire (unintentional unlighting of the LED lamp) due to repeated displacement of the power supply substrate 7 in the width direction due to vibration during distribution or vibration due to an earthquake or the like can be suppressed.

Even when the power supply board 7 is slid and set in the housing 2, the ribs 31a and 31b can be used as guides, so that the positioning is easy and it can be inserted smoothly.
Since the casing 2 is formed into a cylindrical shape having the same cross-sectional shape by extrusion molding or pultrusion molding, the direction in which the power supply substrate 7 is inserted into the casing 2 may be from any end.
The height (H1) of the ribs 31a and 31b is set to a minimum height that can prevent the positional deviation of the power supply substrate 7 in the width direction. This is not a big increase.
That is, the mass of the housing increases, the housing is easily warped, and there is no fear of dropping due to vibration such as an earthquake.
On the contrary, since the rigidity in the longitudinal direction of the housing is improved by the reinforcing effect by the ribs, a secondary effect that it is difficult to bend can be obtained.

  As described above, by providing the ribs 31a and 31b by extrusion molding or the like, the movement of the power supply substrate 7 in the left-right direction is almost restricted.

When a necessary breakdown voltage against the leakage voltage cannot be secured between the housing 2 and the power supply substrate 7, a thin plate-like insulating member 41 capable of securing a breakdown voltage is provided between the two as shown in FIG.
The inner dimension of the insulating member 41 is set equal to or slightly larger than the substrate width E1 of the power supply substrate 7.
The outer dimension width E2 of the insulating member 41 is set to be larger than the rib interval E3 and can be inserted into the smooth.

The rib height H2 is also set larger than (insulating member thickness + power supply board thickness), but the power supply board 7 does not get over the ribs 31a and 31b even if it is lower than the insulating member height K1.
In the case of fixing with the clamp 15, the insulating member 41 can be fixed by inserting a hole in the insulating member 41 so as to be sandwiched between the housing 2 and the power supply substrate 7, and inserting the clamp 15 into the hole.
A hole (not shown) of the insulating member 41 is provided at a position where the power supply substrate 7 does not protrude from the insulating member 41 with the clamp 15 inserted.
A screw may be used instead of the clamp 15.
Even when the insulating member 41 is inserted, the movement of the power supply substrate 7 in the thickness direction is restricted by setting (case flat portion thickness + insulation member thickness + power supply substrate thickness) h3≈clamp neck length h1. can do.

  In the present embodiment, since the current flowing through the power supply substrate 7 does not flow through the housing 2 due to the presence of the insulating member 41, there is no risk of injury such as electric shock or fire.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the straight tube LED lamp 100 is configured to be mounted on the lighting fixture 150 capable of lighting a fluorescent lamp, but may be configured to be mounted on a lighting fixture dedicated to LEDs.

2 Housing 3 Cover as cover member 12 LED as plural semiconductor light emitting elements
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Straight tube type LED lamp 50a, 50b Convex cylindrical lens as a lens part 150 Lighting fixture

JP 2012-114081 A JP 2010-8678 A

Claims (6)

A rod-shaped housing;
A translucent cover member attached to the casing so as to cover one side surface of the casing over the entire longitudinal direction;
A plurality of semiconductor light emitting devices as light sources arranged along the longitudinal direction inside the cover member;
In a straight tube type LED lamp having
A lens portion is provided on the inner surface of the cover member, and the lens portion suppresses arrival of substantially parallel light from the plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements to a central portion in a short direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cover member. A straight tube type LED lamp characterized by: In the straight tube | pipe type LED lamp of Claim 1,
The lens unit is composed of a plurality of convex cylindrical lenses having power in the lateral direction, and each lens unit has a shape in which the optical axis is shifted outward from the lens center in the lateral direction. A straight tube LED lamp characterized by The straight tube type LED lamp according to claim 1 or 2,
The straight tube type LED lamp, wherein the cover member and the lens portion are integrally formed. In the straight tube | pipe type LED lamp of Claim 3,
The straight tube type LED lamp, wherein the cover member and the lens portion are integrally formed by extrusion molding. In the straight tube | pipe type LED lamp as described in any one of Claims 1-4,
The straight tube type LED lamp, wherein the cover member is made of a diffusing material.   An illuminating device comprising: the straight tube LED lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 5; and a lighting fixture on which the straight tube LED lamp is mounted.

Images