JP2014224482A - Cooling structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cooling structure improved in a cooling function.SOLUTION: A cooling structure 1 includes: an accommodation vessel 2; a building structure 3 which covers the accommodation vessel 2 with a gap, and in which a suction port 4 and an exhaust port 6 of cooling wind are formed; and an air baffle 7 which partitions the gap, and in which a first flow passage 9 through which the cooling wind having flowed in from the suction port 4 descends is formed in a space on the building structure 3 side, and a second flow passage 10 through which the cooling wind having circulated in the first flow passage 9 ascends toward the exhaust port 6 is formed in a space on the accommodation vessel side 2. A rotor blade 21 of a wind generator 20 is arranged at the exhaust port 6 of the building structure 3.

Description

  The present invention relates to a cooling structure.

  The pressurized water reactor containment vessel is cooled by a cooling system provided in the containment vessel, natural cooling using an air baffle (partition plate), or the like. In the nuclear power plant, as the cooling system, an external power source or a cooler using a private power generator such as a diesel generator or a battery is provided.

  In addition, in the building structure that covers and accommodates the storage container, the partition plate (air baffle) that functions as a flow path forming plate is formed and disposed on the outer periphery of the vertical wall portion of the storage container. As a result, in the building structure, in the event of an accident such as a natural disaster, there is a gap between the flow path formed between the building structure and the partition plate and the flow path formed between the partition plate and the containment vessel. A draft force is formed by the temperature difference. An air flow is formed by the draft force, and the containment vessel is naturally cooled by the air flow.

  In addition to such a cooling system and natural cooling using an air baffle, a cooling system using water as a coolant is also provided (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). In other words, a storage tank is installed in the containment vessel or in the upper part of the reactor building, and in the event of an accident due to a natural disaster, the containment vessel is cooled by being discharged from the storage tank to the containment vessel or to the outer wall of the containment vessel. It has come to be.

JP 2009-150846 A JP 2010-85282 A

  However, there is only a limited amount of water in the water tank (for example, about 3 days). Therefore, when an external power supply or the like stops functioning in the event of an accident due to a natural disaster, etc., especially after the loss of coolant (water in the water tank), the above-described natural cooling mainly suppresses overheating of the containment vessel. There is a need. However, it is difficult to perform sufficient cooling in the event of an accident only by natural cooling using the draft force. Therefore, in the reactor containment vessel, it is desired to improve the cooling function of the cooling structure including the building structure. .

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, The place made into the objective is to provide the cooling structure which aimed at the improvement of the cooling function.

  The cooling structure according to the present invention includes a cooling object, a building structure that covers the cooling object with a gap therebetween, and that has cooling air inlets and exhaust ports formed therein, and partitions the gap. A first flow path in which the cooling air flowing from the intake port descends is formed in a body-side space, and the cooling air that has circulated through the first flow path in the space on the cooling object side is directed toward the exhaust port. A cooling structure having a partition plate that forms a second flow path that rises, wherein a blade of a wind power generator is disposed at an exhaust port of the building structure. .

  Further, in the cooling structure, a top portion of the building structure is formed in a cylindrical shape, the top portion serves as the exhaust port, and the blade is disposed below the upper opening of the top portion. Preferably it is.

  In the cooling structure, it is preferable that a power source for rotating the blade is connected to the generator of the wind power generator.

  According to the cooling structure of the present invention, since the blade of the wind power generator is disposed at the exhaust port of the building structure, the second flow path formed in the space on the cooling object side is raised by the partition plate. When the cooling air flows into the exhaust port, the blade can be rotated by the natural cooling air. Therefore, for example, when an in-house power generation device such as an external power source, a diesel generator, or a battery does not function at the time of an accident, and a cooling system such as a cooler stops functioning, it is possible to secure a power source by power generation by the wind power generation device. This makes it possible to operate a cooling system such as a cooler. Therefore, the cooling function especially at the time of an accident can be remarkably improved as compared with the conventional case.

It is a sectional side view which shows one Embodiment of the cooling structure of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows a wind power generator and the electric system connected to this.

Hereinafter, the cooling structure of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings, the scale of each member is appropriately changed to make each member a recognizable size.
FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment in which the cooling structure according to the present invention is applied to a nuclear reactor containment vessel and a reactor building that accommodates the reactor containment vessel, and reference numeral 1 in FIG. 1 denotes a cooling structure. . The cooling structure 1 includes a reactor containment vessel 2 (hereinafter referred to as a containment vessel) that is a cooling object of the present invention, and a building structure 3 (reactor building) that covers the containment vessel 2. Configured.

  The storage container 2 has an upper mirror part 2a, a cylindrical part 2b connected to the upper mirror part 2a, and a lower mirror part partially embedded with concrete or the like. The containment vessel 2 contains a nuclear reactor (not shown) and a steam generator (not shown), and further includes a motor valve (not shown), various instruments (not shown), and the inside of the containment vessel 2. A cooling system (not shown) for cooling is accommodated. The cooling system is operated by an external power source or a private power generator such as a diesel generator or a battery, and includes a cooling system device such as a cooler. Motor valves and various instruments are also operated by an external power source and private power generator.

  The building structure 3 has a cylindrical side wall portion 3a and a substantially frustoconical roof portion 3b, and is disposed outside the storage container 2 with a predetermined gap therebetween, thereby covering the outside of the storage container 2. It is a thing. In the building structure 3, an air inlet 4 is formed at the upper part of the side wall 3a, and an air outlet 6 is formed at the top 5 of the roof 3b.

A plurality of intake ports 4 are formed in the circumferential direction of the side wall portion 3a, so that outside air can be taken in as cooling air from almost the entire circumference of the side wall portion 3a.
The exhaust port 6 is formed by a cylindrical top portion 5 formed in the roof portion 3 b, and a blade of a wind power generator described later is disposed in the exhaust port 6, that is, in the internal hole of the top portion 5. ing.

  In the gap between the building structure 3 and the storage container 2, mainly between the side wall 3 a of the building structure 3 and the cylindrical part 2 b of the storage container 2, there is a gap between the building structure 3 and the storage container 2. An air baffle 7 (partition plate) that forms a double annulus portion by partitioning the gap therebetween and forms a cooling air passage (flow path) is provided. The air baffle 7 is disposed so as to surround the entire circumference of the upper side of the cylindrical portion 2 b of the storage container 2 by being attached to the roof portion 3 b of the building structure 3 and being suspended.

  The side wall 3 a of the building structure 3 closes the gap between the building structure 3 and the storage container 2 with the closing part 8 on the bottom side. As a result, the gap between the building structure 3 and the storage container 2 is an independent space above the closed portion 8.

  Then, the air baffle 7 divides the gap and hangs down to the vicinity of the upper surface of the closed portion 8, whereby the cooling air (air) sucked from the intake port 4 is lowered into the space on the building structure 3 side. A passage 9 is formed, and a second passage 10 is formed in the space on the containment vessel 2 side where the cooling air flowing through the first passage 9 rises toward the exhaust port 6. That is, a first flow path 9 that descends from the air inlet 4 to the vicinity of the closed portion 8 is formed on the building structure 3 side of the air baffle 7. A second flow path 10 is formed on the storage container 2 side of the air baffle 7 so as to rise from the vicinity of the closing portion 8 through the storage container 2 side and toward the exhaust port 6.

  With such a configuration, at the time of an accident due to a natural disaster or the like, the cooling air that has flowed through the second flow path 10 and exchanged heat with the high-temperature containment vessel 2 and became high temperature becomes an ascending air current. 5 and is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust port 6. Then, the cooling air flowing in from the intake port 4 and descending the first flow path 9 is folded back in the vicinity of the closing portion 8 and naturally flows into the second flow path 10. Therefore, the flow path configuration using the air baffle 7 forms natural ventilation in which cooling air flows from the intake port 4 and is discharged from the exhaust port 6, thereby enabling natural cooling of the containment vessel 2. .

  The building structure 3 is provided with a water storage tank 11 around the top 5 on the roof 3b so as to surround the top 5. A water discharge pipe 12 is connected to the bottom of the water storage tank 11, and the water discharge pipe 12 is arranged with the water discharge port facing the center of the upper mirror portion 2 a of the storage container 2. Under such a configuration, when an external power supply or the like stops functioning in an accident due to a natural disaster or the like and the cooling system for cooling the inside of the containment vessel 2 is not operated, an opening / closing valve (not shown) for the water discharge pipe 12 is provided. Z)), the water in the water storage tank 11 is released, and the upper mirror portion 2a of the storage container 2 can be cooled to suppress overheating of the storage container 2.

  In the present embodiment, the wind power generator 20 is provided on the roof portion 3 b of the building structure 3. The wind power generator 20 includes a hub portion 22 having a rotor blade 21 (blade) and a nacelle portion 23 that rotatably holds the hub portion 22.

  In the present embodiment, the hub portion 22 includes three rotor blades 21. These rotor blades 21 are disposed in the inner hole of the top portion 5 serving as the exhaust port 6, that is, below the upper opening 5 a of the top portion 5. In the present embodiment, it is disposed particularly in the vicinity of the top opening 5 a of the top portion 5. As a result, the rotor blade 21 rotates by receiving the ascending airflow flowing through the exhaust port 6 in the top portion 5 through the second flow path 10 without being substantially affected by the air flow outside the top portion 5. ing.

  The nacelle part 23 is drawn outside through an opening (not shown) formed in the side wall part of the top part 5 and disposed on the water storage tank 11. As shown in FIG. A rotor shaft coupled to the (rotor blade 21), a speed increaser and a brake device connected to the rotor shaft, and a generator connected to the speed increaser via a power transmission shaft, and further a power converter, A control device is provided.

  With such a configuration, when the hub portion 22 rotates as the rotor blade 21 receives the rising airflow, the rotational force is transmitted to the speed increaser of the nacelle portion 23 via the rotor shaft, and is converted into high speed rotation here. . The high-speed rotational force is transmitted to the generator via the power transmission shaft, so that the generator converts the high-speed rotational force into electric energy to generate electric power, which is converted into electric power by the power converter. . Further, the control device controls the generator, the power conversion device, and the like to function normally. In this embodiment, when the diameter of the rotor blade 21 (the diameter of a circle formed by the rotation of the rotor blade 21) is 10 m and the wind speed of the rising airflow flowing through the exhaust port 6 at the top 5 is 5 m / second, about 10 kW. Output (electric power) can be obtained.

  In the present embodiment, a power source is connected to the generator as shown in FIG. This power source is controlled by a central control room (not shown) or the like. For example, an external power source functions in an accident caused by a natural disaster or the like. Therefore, when this power source is also functioning normally, The rotor blade 21 is used as a fan, and is used to increase the cooling capacity of the containment vessel 2 by natural cooling. That is, by causing the generator to function as a motor with the power source shown in FIG. 2, the rotor blade 21 (hub portion 22) can be forcibly rotated to increase the upward airflow toward the exhaust port 6. Thereby, the flow volume of the cooling air which flows through the 2nd flow path 10 can be increased, and the capability to cool the storage container 2 by natural cooling can be improved.

  Further, a cable (not shown) is connected to the nacelle portion 23, and a transformer is connected to this cable. The transformer is provided in the wind power generation facility 24 as shown in FIG. 1, and the electric power obtained by the power conversion device as shown in FIG. 2 is converted into motor valves and various instruments constituting the reactor cooling system. In addition, the voltage is converted to a voltage corresponding to the specifications of the cooling system equipment such as a cooler. Then, the converted voltage is applied to each component of the reactor cooling system, and these components can be operated.

  Here, each of these components is connected to an external power source or a private power generator, and is normally operated by the external power source or the private power generator. When an external power source or the like stops functioning in the event of an accident due to a natural disaster or the like, the elements are electrically connected to the transformer by control in a central control room (not shown). It comes to operate when power is supplied from the vessel.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the wind power generation facility 24 that accommodates the transformer is provided outside the building structure 3 and is provided on a hill or the like so as not to be particularly affected by the tsunami. However, the wind power generation facility 24 may be provided inside the building structure 3 and outside the storage container 2 without being provided outside the building structure 3.

  Further, a pedestal 13 is provided at the lower end of the top 5. The gantry 13 has a passage shape that serves as a scaffold for an operator during maintenance, and a plurality of the gantry 13 are provided in the inner hole of the top portion 5 with a space therebetween. Note that the gantry 13 prevents the rotor blade 21 (hub portion 22) from dropping on the storage container 2 when the rotor blade 21 (hub portion 22) is accidentally dropped during a natural disaster or the like.

A grating 14 is provided above the gantry 13. The grating 14 is also for preventing the rotor blade 21 (hub portion 22) or the like from dropping onto the storage container 2.
Furthermore, the grating | lattice 15 is provided in the top part 5 also in the upper opening 5a. In addition to being used for maintenance, the grating 15 is for preventing, for example, the entry of birds and the like, and preventing large foreign matter from flowing into the top portion 5.

In such a cooling structure 1, the inside of the containment vessel 2 is cooled by a reactor cooling system that is normally operated by an external power source or the like.
On the other hand, when an external power source or the like stops functioning in the event of an accident due to a natural disaster or the like, the outer surface of the containment vessel 2 is cooled by cooling air passing through the second flow path 10 constituted by the air baffle 7, and the water storage tank The open / close valve 11 is opened, and the containment vessel 2 is cooled by releasing water.

  The 2nd flow path 10 comprised by the air baffle 7 functions at the time of an accident. Therefore, the rotor blade 21 of the wind power generator 20 is rotated by the rising airflow that flows through the second flow path 10 and is discharged from the exhaust port 6, and power is generated by this rotation. Therefore, when the external power supply or the like stops functioning, the power supply to each component of the reactor cooling system is switched from the external power supply or the like to the transformer of the wind power generator 20. As a result, the operation of all or some of the components of the reactor cooling system is resumed or continued, and the inside of the containment vessel 2 is cooled.

  Thus, according to the cooling structure 1 of this embodiment, even if all the water in the water storage tank 11 is consumed in the event of an accident, the cooling system is operated by the wind power generator 20 to cool the inside of the containment vessel 2. In addition, since the natural cooling by the air baffle 7 can be performed in the same manner as normal without lowering its capacity, the cooling function at the time of an accident can be greatly improved as compared with the conventional case.

  Further, since the rotor blade 21 is arranged below the upper opening 5a of the top portion 5, the rotor blade 21 rotates stably without being affected by the wind flowing outside the top portion 5, Therefore, the wind power generator 20 can generate power efficiently.

  Further, since the power source is connected to the generator of the wind power generator 20, the rotor blade 21 (hub portion 22) can be forced to rotate and function as a fan by causing the generator to function as a motor with this power source. it can. Thus, for example, when an external power source or the like functions in an accident due to a natural disaster or the like, and therefore the power source connected to the generator is also functioning normally, the rotor blade 21 functions as a fan and is stored by natural cooling. The cooling capacity of the container 2 can be increased. That is, by increasing the flow rate of the cooling air flowing through the second flow path 10, the ability of natural cooling for the containment vessel 2 can be enhanced.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.
For example, a rectifying plate may be provided on the inner wall surface of the top 5 in order to rectify the rising airflow flowing into the rotor blade 21 provided on the top 5 and increase the rotational efficiency of the rotor blade 21 to increase the power generation efficiency. Similarly, a current plate may be provided on the bottom surface of the roof portion 3b of the building structure 3 or the upper mirror portion 2a of the storage container 2 to increase the rotational efficiency of the rotor blade 21.

  Moreover, although the said embodiment demonstrated the case where the cooling structure which concerns on this invention was applied to the nuclear reactor containment vessel and the reactor building (building structure) which accommodates this, this invention, for example, makes a silo a cooling target object. And can be applied to a cooling structure provided with a building structure covering the same.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Cooling structure, 2 ... Reactor containment vessel (containment vessel: cooling object), 2a ... Upper mirror part, 2b ... Cylindrical part, 3 ... Building structure, 4 ... Intake port, 5 ... Top part, 6 ... Exhaust Mouth, 7 ... Air baffle (partition plate), 9 ... First flow path, 10 ... Second flow path, 20 ... Wind power generator, 21 ... Rotor blade (blade)

Claims (3)

A cooling object, a building structure that covers the cooling object with a gap and is formed with an inlet and an outlet for cooling air, and the gap is partitioned from the inlet to the space on the building structure side A first flow path in which the cooling air that has flowed down is formed, and a second flow path in which the cooling air that has flowed through the first flow path rises toward the exhaust port is formed in the space to be cooled. A cooling structure having a partition plate,
A cooling structure, wherein a blade of a wind power generator is disposed at an exhaust port of the building structure. The top of the building structure is formed in a cylindrical shape, the top is the exhaust port,
The cooling structure according to claim 1, wherein the blade is disposed below an upper opening of the top portion.   The cooling structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a power source for rotating the blade is connected to the generator of the wind power generator.

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