JP2014209880A - Work machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To configure a work machine that can hold a sufficient amount of oil, in which air is hardly mixed into the extracted oil.SOLUTION: The work machine includes a cylindrical support frame 63 whose both ends extend across right and left machine body frames 6 in a plane view. The internal space of the support frame 63 is configured to serve as a storage space for a lubricant for a transmission case M.

Description

  The present invention relates to a working machine including a transmission mechanism that transmits a driving force of an engine of a traveling machine body to a left and right traveling device from a transmission case, and more particularly to a technique for storing oil.

  As a working machine configured as described above, in Patent Document 1, a drive shaft case (horizontal shaft transmission portion in the literature) is formed so as to protrude from the transmission case (transmission case in the literature) to the left and right sides. A rice transplanter with a drive shaft (transverse transmission shaft in the literature) inside a shaft case is shown. This working machine includes a transmission system that transmits the driving force of the left and right drive shafts to the left and right front wheels (a specific example of the traveling device), and stores oil in the internal space between the transmission case and the drive shaft case.

  As shown in Patent Document 1, the working machine not only uses oil stored in the transmission case as lubricating oil in the transmission case, but also for a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission, a power steering unit, a lifting cylinder, etc. Supplied as hydraulic oil. For this reason, in Patent Document 1, the internal space of the transmission case and the internal space of the drive shaft case are used as oil storage spaces, so that the amount of stored oil is increased and the increase in the temperature of the oil is suppressed. doing.

JP 2000-272364 A

  Not only the rice transplanter disclosed in Patent Document 1, but also work machines such as a combiner and a tractor often employ a configuration in which lubricating oil stored in a transmission case is supplied as hydraulic oil to an actuator. Therefore, it is desirable to store a large amount of oil in order to suppress an increase in the temperature of the oil while sufficiently lubricating the transmission case and to prevent air from being mixed into the oil.

  Further, it is desirable that the speed change case is small in terms of reducing the mounting space of the traveling machine body and reducing the weight. For the same reason, it is desirable that the drive shaft case for housing the drive shaft for transmitting the driving force from the transmission case to the traveling device is also small. Therefore, when the transmission case and the drive shaft case are downsized, the amount of oil may not be sufficient even if the oil is stored in the internal space between the transmission case and the drive shaft case as disclosed in Patent Document 1. Conceivable.

  When oil stored in a transmission case or the like is supplied as hydraulic oil to an actuator or the like, it is desirable that air is not mixed in the oil. However, since air bubbles are generated in the space where the gear rotates at a high speed as in the case of the transmission case, there is room for improvement because air easily enters the oil.

  An object of the present invention is to rationally configure a working machine that can store a sufficient amount of oil and that hardly causes air to be mixed into the extracted oil.

A feature of the present invention is a working machine including a traveling unit including a working unit, a hydraulic device that operates the working unit, and a storage unit that stores oil supplied to the hydraulic device.
The traveling machine body includes a pair of left and right machine body frames extending in the front-rear direction, and a cylindrical support frame having both ends arranged over the left and right machine body frames in plan view, and the internal space of the support frame is the It is in the point used as a storage part.

According to this configuration, since the support frame having a length spanning the pair of left and right body frames is provided, the volume of the internal space of the support frame is easily increased, and the oil supplied to the hydraulic equipment that operates the working unit is stored. It can be used as a space.
Therefore, a working machine is configured in which a sufficient amount of oil can be stored and air is hardly mixed into the extracted oil.

  The present invention may include a transmission mechanism that transmits the driving force of the engine of the traveling machine body from the transmission case to the left and right traveling devices, and the transmission case may be used as the storage unit.

  According to this, it becomes possible to store the oil of the transmission case in the internal space of the support frame, and it becomes possible to increase the oil that can be used in the transmission case. Further, since the support frame is disposed at a position separated from the transmission case, for example, compared to an environment where the gear rotates at a high speed as in the inside of the transmission case, the flow of oil is suppressed and air is mixed. Can be eliminated.

  The present invention may include a communication member that allows the internal space of the support frame and the internal space of the transmission case to communicate with each other so that oil can flow therethrough.

  According to this, the oil of the transmission case and the oil of the support member can be flowed to each other by the communication member, and even when used as a lubricating oil for the transmission case, the oil replacement time is extended and the temperature of the oil increases. Can also be suppressed.

  In the present invention, the transmission mechanism corresponds to a pair of left and right traveling drive shafts to which the driving force from the transmission case is transmitted and the driving force from the pair of left and right traveling drive shafts corresponding to the left and right traveling devices. A pair of left and right transmission cases for transmission, and a pair of left and right drive shaft cases whose inner ends are connected to the transmission case and outer ends are connected to the transmission case in a state in which the travel drive shaft is accommodated, and the drive shaft The internal space of the case may communicate with the internal space of the transmission case at the inner end position, and the internal space of the drive shaft case may communicate with the internal space of the transmission case at the outer end position.

  According to this, since the oil can be stored in the internal space of the transmission case, the pair of left and right drive shaft cases, and the pair of left and right transmission cases, the amount of stored oil can be increased. In this configuration, not only can a sufficient amount of oil be supplied as lubricating oil to the transmission mechanism inside the transmission case, but also a sufficient amount of oil can be supplied as lubricating oil to the reduction mechanism inside the transmission case. Is possible.

  The present invention connects the left end of the support frame to the left transmission case, connects the right end to the right transmission case, and the inner space of the support frame is connected to the transmission case at the connection position. You may communicate with the interior space.

  According to this, since the left and right transmission cases are connected to the support frame, the positions of the left and right transmission cases can be firmly held, and it is necessary to use a reinforcing frame or the like for holding the positions of the left and right transmission cases. There is no. Also, by providing the support frame in communication with the left and right transmission cases, the internal space of the transmission case, the pair of left and right drive shaft cases, the pair of left and right transmission cases, and the support frame can be used as a large capacity oil storage space. It becomes possible to use as.

  In the present invention, the position where the end of the support frame is connected to the transmission case may be set to the lower position of the transmission case.

  According to this, the position of the support frame is maintained at a position lower than the oil level of the transmission case, and it is possible to further suppress the mixing of air into the oil.

  In the present invention, the support frame may be disposed at a position lower than a level of oil stored in the transmission case.

  According to this, since the support frame is arranged at a position lower than the oil level stored in the transmission case, the internal space of the support frame is filled with oil, and the liquid level is formed in this internal space. It will not be done. Therefore, even if the traveling machine body vibrates, air does not enter the oil inside the support frame.

  In the present invention, a reducing oil passage for returning oil from the hydraulic device may be connected to the internal space of the transmission case.

  According to this, it can cool by supplying to the gear transmission mechanism etc. of the internal space of the oil transmission case returned from hydraulic equipment, and it becomes possible to improve lubricity.

  According to the present invention, a supply oil passage that supplies oil stored in the support frame to the hydraulic device is configured to include an oil suction suction pipe that is inserted into an internal space of the support frame. The support frame may be provided in a state of penetrating from the top to the inside at a center position in the left-right direction of the traveling machine body.

  According to this, by being stored in the internal space of the support frame, it is possible to supply oil with low air mixing and low temperature as hydraulic oil from the supply oil passage to the hydraulic equipment. Further, since the suction pipe is inserted into the internal space of the support frame, oil can be taken out from the lower part of the internal space of the support frame. Since this suction pipe is provided at the center position in the left-right direction of the traveling machine body, for example, even if the traveling machine body is largely tilted in the left-right direction, the level change of this center position is small and air is sucked from the suction pipe. Inconvenience can be suppressed.

  In the present invention, a part of the supply oil passage may be formed on an outer wall surface of the transmission case.

  According to this, for example, it becomes possible to stabilize the position of the supply oil passage as compared with the case where the supply oil passage is formed using hoses, and the length of the hoses for forming the supply oil passage is shortened. Is possible. Also, when the oil from the supply oil passage is guided to the control valve or oil filter, the oil from the supply oil passage is supplied to the control valve or oil filter by supporting the control valve or oil filter on the outer wall surface of the transmission case. On the other hand, it becomes possible to supply directly.

  In the present invention, the transmission case may incorporate a friction brake mechanism that applies a braking force to the traveling device, and a connection position of the reducing oil passage may be set at an upper portion of the brake mechanism.

  According to this, when the brake mechanism generates heat, the oil returned from the hydraulic equipment flows from the upper part to the lower part of the brake mechanism, so that the heat of the brake mechanism is removed by the oil and good cooling is realized.

  In the present invention, a reducing oil passage for returning oil from the hydraulic device may be connected to the transmission case.

  According to this, oil is supplied from above to the transmission gear and the like disposed above the oil level in the transmission case to eliminate the shortage of lubricating oil and to cool the transmission gear and the like. Realize.

  In the present invention, the speed change case may incorporate a gear type reduction mechanism, and the connection position of the reduction oil passage may be set at an upper position of the gear type reduction mechanism.

  According to this, since the oil is supplied to the gear transmission unit in a form of dropping from above, even if the gear transmission unit is exposed above the liquid level of the lubricating oil in the transmission case, for example, the gear transmission unit Good lubrication and cooling can be achieved by supplying oil to the tank.

  In the present invention, the transmission case may include a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission that continuously changes the driving force of the engine.

  According to this, it becomes possible to continuously change the traveling speed of the traveling machine body by the hydrostatic continuously variable transmission, and it is also possible to supply the oil of the support frame to the hydrostatic continuously variable transmission. It becomes possible.

  In the present invention, a corn harvesting section may be provided at the front end of the traveling machine body, and a storage tank for storing tufted corn harvested by the harvesting section may be provided in the traveling machine body.

  According to this, the working machine which can harvest corn in the form which harvests tuft-like corn in a harvesting part and stores it in a storage tank can be constituted.

1 is an overall side view of a corn harvester. It is a top view of the whole corn harvester. It is a top view which shows the structure of a body frame. It is a side view of a transmission case and a transmission case. It is a front view of the transmission mechanism which transmits a driving force to a front wheel from a speed change case. It is a side view of a transmission case and a support frame. It is a hydraulic circuit diagram of the corn harvesting period. It is a schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism which transmits a driving force to a front wheel from a speed change case. It is sectional drawing of a transmission case, a transmission case, and a support frame. It is sectional drawing of a transmission case. It is sectional drawing of a transmission case and the edge part of a support frame. It is sectional drawing of the oil path formed in the outer wall surface of a transmission case. It is a figure which shows a partition. It is sectional drawing which shows an abrasion checker.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
〔overall structure〕
FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a wheel traveling type corn harvester as an example of a working machine. The corn harvester includes a pair of left and right front wheels 1 as a traveling device and a pair of left and right rear wheels 2, and a cabin 3 at a front position of the traveling machine body F. A harvesting section A is provided at the front end of the traveling machine body F so as to be movable up and down, and a feeder B is provided at the central position of the traveling machine body F to convey the corn harvested by the harvesting section A upward and rearward. The rear end position of the traveling machine body F is provided with a harvest tank 4 as a storage tank for storing the corn conveyed by the feeder B, and is left below the traveling machine body F between the front wheel 1 and the rear wheel 2. A soot processing device C is provided.

  In the present embodiment, the front wheel 1 is shown as a specific example of the traveling device, but the traveling device may be configured as a four-wheel drive type that drives the front wheel 1 and the rear wheel 2. Further, the traveling device may include a plurality of wheels of six wheels or more than eight wheels, and may be configured on the all-wheel drive side that drives all the wheels, and is configured as a crawler traveling device having a crawler belt as the traveling device. Things may be used.

  Corn as a plant forms a plurality of tufts containing a large number of fruits at the harvesting time for the stems to be planted. Numerous seeds (corn as cereal) are contained inside the tufted leaves, and these seeds are formed in a form aligned with the outer surface of the rod-shaped core. In the present invention, the term “corn” refers to a corn having a large number of seeds on the periphery of the core (a specific example of a harvested product).

[Configuration of traveling aircraft]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the traveling machine body F includes a pair of left and right machine body frames 6 extending in the front-rear direction, a cabin frame 7 at the front position, and a driving part frame 8 at the center position in the front-rear direction of the traveling machine body F. And the tank frame 9 at the rear position of the machine body frame 6 are connected. A transmission case M that transmits driving force to the left and right front wheels 1 is supported at the front position of the body frame 6. A rear wheel frame 11 that supports the left and right rear wheels 2 is supported at the rear position of the body frame 6, and a steering cylinder 12 (an example of a hydraulic device) is provided in a posture parallel to the rear wheel frame 11. The transmission case M functions as a lubricating oil (oil) reservoir.

  The cabin frame 7 is disposed so as to support the cabin 3. The prime mover frame 8 is formed in the lateral width direction of the pair of left and right body frames 6, and the engine 10 is supported thereon, and a radiator 13 is provided above the engine frame 8.

  The harvest tank 4 is supported on the left side of the traveling body F with respect to the tank frame 9 so as to be swingable about the switching axis Q in the front-rear orientation, and the dump cylinder 19 ( An example of hydraulic equipment is arranged. The dump cylinder 19 has a bottom side supported by the body frame 6 and a tip end side of the piston rod supported by the harvest tank 4.

  With this configuration, when the dump cylinder 19 is contracted, the upper opening 4A of the harvest tank 4 is held in a retracted position in which the upper opening 4A is opened upward. By extending the dump cylinder 19, the upper opening 4A is opened sideways. Therefore, the discharge posture is set so that corn can be discharged.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the harvesting section A is supported so as to be swingable about a swinging shaft core R in a lateral orientation with respect to the front end position of the machine body frame 6, and the right and left to raise and lower the front end side of the harvesting section A. A pair of lift cylinders 14 (an example of hydraulic equipment) is provided at the front position of the traveling machine body F. The lift cylinder 14 is supported at the base end portion by the support frame 63, and the front end side of the piston rod is connected to the harvesting portion A. With this configuration, the front end side of the harvesting portion A can be raised and lowered by swinging about the swing axis R by expansion and contraction of the lift cylinder 14. The support frame 63 functions as a lubricating oil (oil) reservoir.

  In this harvesting section A, a plurality of rows of introduction paths that are arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction are formed, and the transport mechanism 15 is positioned at a position that sandwiches the introduction path so that the corn separated from the cereals in each of the introduction paths is nipped and conveyed backward. And an auger 16 that rotates about a shaft in a horizontal posture so as to transfer the corn conveyed by the conveyance mechanism 15 to a central position in the horizontal direction.

  The feeder B is configured to include a conveyor inside the cylindrical case 17 which is inclined so as to convey the corn transferred to the central position of the auger 16 rearward and upward. The feeder B is provided with a dust exhaust fan 18 that blows away non-harvested items such as a part of leaves and a part of the slime that are discharged together with corn by wind pressure at the conveyance end position of the feeder B.

  The residue processing apparatus C includes a plurality of crushing blades 21 </ b> A with respect to the rotary shaft 21 in the horizontal posture, and has a configuration provided inside the processing case 22 that opens downward. The rotating shaft 21 is rotated by the driving force transmitted from the engine 10, and the crushing blade 21 </ b> A shreds and crushes the residue of the farm scene and diffuses it into the soil.

  Further, a vertically moving lift cylinder 23 (an example of a hydraulic device) is provided at the center position of the traveling machine body F. The elevating cylinder 23 supports the bottom side on the body frame 6 and includes a sprocket rotatably at the tip of the piston rod. An intermediate portion of a chain 24 having one end connected to the machine frame 6 and the other end connected to the residue processing apparatus C is wound around a sprocket. With this configuration, the lifting / lowering cylinder 23 is contracted to loosen the chain 24 to ground the residue processing device C to the ground, and the lifting cylinder 23 is extended to separate the residue processing device C from the ground upward. It becomes possible to make it.

  The cabin 3 is provided with a front glass 25 made of transparent glass on the front surface, and a door 26 made of transparent glass is opened and closed on the side. The cabin 3 includes a driver seat 27 on which an operator sits, a steering wheel 28, and a brake pedal 29. On the left side of the cabin frame 7, a ladder 30 for getting on and off is provided so that the posture can be freely changed around a support shaft in a vertical posture.

  The corn harvester has a traveling transmission system that transmits the driving force of the engine 10 to the transmission case M by a belt-type main transmission unit. Similarly, a belt-type transmission unit is provided that transmits the driving force of the engine 10 to the countershaft, and transmits the driving force to the harvesting part A, the feeder B, and the residue processing device C from the countershaft.

  From such a configuration. The corn harvester allows the traveling machine body F to travel by driving the left and right front wheels 1 and controls the steering cylinder 12 by operating the steering wheel 28 inside the cabin 3 to enable steering control. During the harvesting operation, the corn is harvested in the harvesting part A by driving the harvesting part A and the feeder B, and the harvested corn is conveyed by the feeder B, and is introduced into the inside from the upper opening 4A of the harvested tank 4. It is stored in the form of falling supply. Thus, the corn stored in the crop tank 4 can be discharged from the crop tank 4 by the operation of the dump cylinder 19.

  In addition, a part of the leaf and a part of the slime that are conveyed with the corn by the feeder B are blown away by the wind pressure from the dust exhaust fan 18. Further, the cereal residue left in the field scene by the harvesting operation is processed in a form that is crushed by the residue processing device C and diffused into the soil.

[Running transmission system]
As shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 8 to 11, the corn harvester includes a transmission mechanism that transmits the driving force changed in the transmission case M to the left and right front wheels 1 (an example of a traveling device). Yes. The transmission mechanism includes a transmission case M, a pair of left and right traveling drive shafts 61, a pair of left and right transmission cases T, and a pair of left and right drive shaft cases 62. In this transmission mechanism, the driving force changed by the transmission case M is transmitted from the pair of left and right traveling drive shafts 61 to the left and right transmission cases T, and further transmitted from the transmission case T to the left and right front wheels 1. The left and right travel drive shafts 61 are housed in left and right drive shaft cases 62 and are protected by the drive shaft cases 62.

  The inner space of the drive shaft case 62 communicates with the inner space of the transmission case M at the inner end position, and the inner space of the drive shaft case 62 communicates with the inner space of the transmission case T at the outer end position. Accordingly, the lubricating oil (oil) can be circulated among the internal space of the transmission case M, the internal space of the drive shaft case 62, and the internal space of the transmission case T. As described above, the transmission case M functions as a lubricating oil (oil) reservoir, and the drive shaft case 62 and the transmission case T connected in communication with each other function as a lubricating oil (oil) reservoir. The corn harvester includes a dedicated tank (for example, a reserve tank) for storing lubricating oil (oil), and this tank is communicated with the transmission case M, the support frame 63, or the drive shaft case 62. It may be configured.

  Furthermore, the both ends of the cylindrical support frame 63 are connected to the surfaces facing the left and right transmission cases T (the surfaces facing the center of the traveling machine body F). The support frame 63 has a cylindrical shape and is connected in a state where the left end is inserted into the lower position of the left transmission case T, and the right end is inserted into the lower position of the right transmission case T. It is connected. As a result, the internal space of the left and right transmission cases T and the internal space of the support frame 63 communicate with each other, and the lubricating oil (oil) can be distributed between them. The support frame 63 can be a cylindrical material having a polygonal shape such as a quadrangular shape or a hexagonal shape.

  As described above, the base end portions of the pair of left and right lift cylinders 14 are supported by the support frame 63. The bracket 64 provided at one end of the support frame 63 is connected to one transmission case T, so that the position of the support frame 63 is fixed.

[Driving transmission system: Shift case]
As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the transmission case M has an outer wall formed by the case body 34, and an input shaft 36 that rotates integrally with the input pulley 35 at the upper position. A shaft 37 and a lower intermediate shaft 38 are provided. A hydrostatic continuously variable transmission V (an example of a hydraulic device) is provided on an outer wall surface at an upper position of the transmission case M. Inside the speed change case M, the upper intermediate shaft 37 is provided with a planetary speed change portion Mp (an example of a gear type reduction mechanism), and the sub-transmission portion Ms is provided between the upper intermediate shaft 37 and the lower intermediate shaft 38. A differential gear Md is provided below the case M. A belt CVT or a toroidal CVT may be used as the continuously variable transmission V.

  The hydrostatic continuously variable transmission device V includes an axial plunger type variable capacity with respect to a transmission space formed by a port block 41 connected to the outer wall of the transmission case M and a continuously variable transmission case 42 connected to the outer surface. A pump Vp and an axial plunger type constant capacity motor Vm are accommodated.

  The variable displacement pump Vp includes a cylinder block that rotates integrally with the passive shaft 43 and a swash plate 45 that determines the operation amounts of a plurality of plungers fitted in the cylinder block. Similarly, the constant capacity motor Vm includes a cylinder block that rotates integrally with the transmission output shaft 44, and a fixed swash plate that converts the operation of a plurality of plungers fitted in the cylinder block into rotational force. It is configured. The port block 41 is provided with an oil passage communicating with the cylinder of the variable displacement pump Vp and the cylinder of the constant displacement motor Vm.

  The passive shaft 43 of the variable displacement pump Vp is connected to the input shaft 36 of the transmission case M through a coaxial core, and the transmission output shaft 44 of the constant displacement motor Vm is disposed so as to be rotatable relative to the upper intermediate shaft 37 through a coaxial core. doing.

  This continuously variable transmission V adjusts the amount of oil sent out from the variable capacity pump Vp to the port block 46 by adjusting the angle of the swash plate 45 of the variable capacity pump Vp, and from the port block 41 to the constant capacity motor Vm. It has a general configuration for adjusting the amount of oil supplied to increase and decrease the rotational speed of the constant capacity motor Vm.

  A trunnion shaft 45A that supports the swash plate 45 so that the angle of the swash plate 45 can be changed is rotatably supported with respect to the case body 34 of the speed change case M, and a speed change operation arm 46 that operates the trunnion shaft 45A as shown in FIG. The main transmission lever in the cabin 3 or a transmission pedal is linked.

  Accordingly, by changing the angle of the swash plate 45 in accordance with the speed change operation of the main speed change lever or the like, the forward drive state in which the speed change output shaft 44 is rotated in one direction and the stop to stop the speed change output shaft 44 from rotating. A stepless speed change is realized between the state and the reverse drive state in which the speed change output shaft 44 is rotated in the reverse direction.

  The planetary transmission unit Mp includes a sun gear 51 attached to the shaft end of the transmission output shaft 44, a carrier 52 that rotates integrally with the upper intermediate shaft 37, a planetary gear 53 that is rotatably supported by the carrier 52, and an upper intermediate shaft. 37, and an internal gear ring gear 54 supported rotatably.

  The sun gear 51 meshes with the plurality of planetary gears 53, and the plurality of planetary gears 53 meshes with the ring gear 54. A gear portion 54A is formed on the outer periphery of the ring gear 54, and an input side gear 39 that rotates integrally with the input shaft 36 is engaged with the gear portion 54A.

  In the planetary transmission unit Mp, when the passive shaft 43 is rotated by the driving force from the input shaft 36, the ring gear 54 is rotated by the driving force of the input side gear 39. The rotation direction of the ring gear 54 is a direction in which the traveling machine body F is moved forward. With this configuration, in a situation where the transmission output shaft 44 of the continuously variable transmission V is stopped, the driving force is transmitted to the front wheels 1 in the forward direction by the rotation of the ring gear 54 of the planetary transmission unit Mp.

  Therefore, when the traveling of the traveling machine body F is stopped, the angle of the swash plate 45 is set so that the driving force in the forward direction of the ring gear 54 is offset by the rotation in the backward direction of the transmission output shaft 44. become.

  By adopting such a configuration, an area in which the angle of the swash plate 45 can be set during a speed change operation when the traveling machine body F is moved forward is expanded, and the ring gear 54 is always rotated. The forward speed is increased as compared with the configuration not driven by the gear 39.

  A gear-type sub-transmission unit Ms is provided between the upper intermediate shaft 37 and the lower intermediate shaft 38 so as to switch the rotational speed between two stages of high and low. Further, an intermediate transmission gear 40 that transmits the driving force of the lower intermediate shaft 38 to the differential gear Md is provided. The auxiliary transmission unit Ms is linked to an auxiliary transmission lever inside the cabin 3.

  The differential gear Md includes a differential ring gear 57 that meshes with the intermediate transmission gear 40, a pair of pinion gears 58 that are rotatably supported by a differential case that rotates integrally with the differential ring gear 57, and a pair of left and right side gears that mesh with the pair of pinion gears 58. 59.

[Transmission mechanism]
As described above, the transmission mechanism includes the transmission case M, the pair of left and right traveling drive shafts 61, the pair of left and right transmission cases T, and the pair of left and right drive shaft cases 62. The inner ends of the left and right travel drive shafts 61 are spline-fitted so as to rotate integrally with the corresponding one of the left and right side gears 59 of the differential gear Md. The outer end of the travel drive shaft 61 is inserted into the internal space of the transmission case T.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the left and right transmission cases T have a structure in which an inner case 65 disposed inside the traveling machine body F and an outer case 66 disposed outside the traveling machine body F are detachably connected by bolts. have. A multi-plate friction brake mechanism Tb is provided in an inner space that is a boundary position between the inner case 65 and the outer case 66, and a gear reduction mechanism Tg (an example of a first gear reduction mechanism) and a planet are provided in the inner space of the outer case 66. And a speed reduction mechanism Tp (an example of a second gear speed reduction mechanism). That is, in the transmission case T, the brake mechanism Tb is disposed at a position displaced to the center side of the traveling machine body F, and the gear reduction mechanism Tg and the planetary reduction mechanism Tp are disposed outside the brake mechanism Tb. Thus, since it is comprised so that it may decelerate with the transmission case T, the torque which acts on the travel drive shaft 61 can be reduced, and the torque which acts on the brake mechanism Tb can also be reduced.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the inner cases 65 of the left and right transmission cases T are connected and fixed to the lower surfaces of the corresponding left and right body frames 6 by bolts. With this configuration, when work such as maintenance of the transmission case T is performed, the outer case 66 is separated from the inner case 65 while leaving the inner case 65 on the traveling machine body side, so that the inner space is greatly opened. Work can be done easily.

  In the inner space of the outer case 66, an intermediate support shaft 67 is disposed in front of the travel drive shaft 61 in a posture parallel to the travel drive shaft 61. The gear reduction mechanism Tg includes a pair of reduction gears 68 that reduce the rotation of the travel drive shaft 61 and transmit it to the intermediate support shaft 67.

  An axle 69 that is coaxial with the intermediate support shaft 67 is rotatably supported with respect to the outer case 66. The axle 69 is parallel to the travel drive shaft 61. A hub 69A is integrally formed at the outer end of the axle 69, and the front wheel 1 is attached to the hub 69A.

  Further, the boundary position between the inner space where the gear reduction mechanism Tg is arranged and the outer space where the planetary reduction mechanism Tp is arranged is formed between the outer space and the inner space in a form of partitioning the space where each is arranged. A partition wall 70 for restricting the flow of oil is provided. As shown in FIG. 13, a plurality of openings 70 </ b> A that allow the flow of the lubricating oil are formed at an intermediate position in the vertical direction of the partition wall 70. With this configuration, the opening 70A secures the flow of the lubricating oil, and the partition wall 70 flows in the flow of the lubricating oil even in a situation where the traveling body F is greatly inclined in any of the left and right directions and the part of the planetary reduction mechanism Tp is lifted. The planetary speed reduction mechanism Tp ensures sufficient hydraulic oil. In addition, although the partition 70 shows what was formed integrally with the outer case 66, this partition 70 is what is fixed inside the transmission case T with a screw | thread etc., or what is fitted inside the transmission case T It may be.

  As shown in FIGS. 8, 9, and 11, the planetary reduction mechanism Tp includes a reduction sun gear 71 provided on the intermediate support shaft 67, a plurality of reduction planetary gears 72 that mesh with the reduction sun gear 71, and a plurality of reduction planetary gears 72 that engage with each other. And a reduction carrier 74 that transmits the revolution force of the reduction planetary gear 72 to the axle 69. The reduction ring gear 73 is fixed to the outer case 66.

  In this way, the transmission mechanism transmits the driving force shifted in the transmission case M from the left and right traveling drive shafts 61 to the left and right transmission cases T. In the transmission case T, the pair of reduction gears 68 of the gear reduction mechanism Tg decelerate and transmit the driving force of the traveling drive shaft 61 to the intermediate support shaft 67. Next, the driving force of the intermediate support shaft 67 is transmitted from the reduction sun gear 71 to the reduction planetary gear 72, and the reduction planetary gear 72 performs an operation of revolving along the inner periphery of the reduction ring gear 73. The driving force decelerated by this revolution is transmitted from the deceleration carrier 74 to the axle 69, and traveling by driving the front wheels 1 is realized.

  As shown in FIGS. 11 and 14, the brake mechanism Tb includes a friction plate unit 81 including a plurality of friction plates that engage with the outer end of the travel drive shaft 61 and friction plates that engage with the inner surface of the case. A multi-plate friction type is provided with a pressure ring 82 that applies a force to these in the pressure direction. The press contact ring 82 is supported so as to be rotatable about the axis X of the travel drive shaft 61, and the press contact ring 82 is formed with a plurality of cam grooves 82A along the circumferential direction. A ball 83 is fitted in each. These balls 83 are arranged at positions sandwiched between the cam groove 82A and the inner surface of the inner case 65.

  The cam groove 82A is formed so as to be inclined along the circumferential direction so that the ball 83 rides when the press-contact ring 82 rotates around the axis X.

  As shown in FIG. 8, a pair of brake operation shafts 85 for rotating the pressure contact rings 82 of the left and right brake mechanisms Tb around the axis X are above the drive shaft case 62. It is arranged with the posture parallel to. These brake operation shafts 85 are provided with a brake operation arm 86, and an operation rod 87 is connected to an end of the brake operation arm 86. The left and right operation rods 87 and the brake pedal 29 described above are linked via a buffer mechanism 88.

  The buffer mechanism 88 includes compression coil springs at the upper ends of the left and right operation rods 87, and when the brake pedal 29 is depressed, the left and right operation rods 87 are operated in the pulling direction so as to compress the left and right compression coil springs. have. In addition, as this buffer mechanism 88, it can replace with a compression coil spring and can use elastic members, such as rubber to be compressed, or a tension coil spring. Further, a wire that transmits the operation force of the brake pedal 29 to the buffer mechanism 88 may be used.

  In this way, the linkage operating mechanism is configured by operating the left and right brake mechanisms Tb. Due to the structure of this linkage operation mechanism, when the brake pedal 29 is depressed by an operator during traveling, this operation force rotates the pressure contact rings 82 of the left and right brake mechanisms Tb from the left and right brake operation shafts 85. This rotation causes the ball 83 to ride on the cam groove 82 </ b> A, and the pressure contact ring 82 is shifted along the axis X to bring the plurality of friction plates of the friction plate unit 81 into pressure contact and apply braking force to the axle 69. It is.

  In addition, since the shock absorbing mechanism 88 is provided, the shock absorbing mechanism 88 can be moved to the left and right friction plate units when the brake pedal 29 is depressed even when the friction plate units 81 of the left and right brake mechanisms Tb are not equal in wear amount. The left and right brake operation shafts 85 can be rotated until the 81 friction plates are in pressure contact with each other (until the operation reaction force from the operation rod 87 becomes equal), so that the left and right brakes without deviation are realized.

  The left and right transmission cases T are provided with a wear checker 78 shown in FIG. 14 in order to check the wear of the friction plate unit 81 constituting the brake mechanism Tb. The wear checker 78 has a main body 78A and a large-diameter portion 78B formed integrally therewith, and is parallel to the axis X of the travel drive shaft 61 with respect to the inner case 65 of the transmission case T. It is supported in a penetrating state so that it can be moved to. An oil seal 79 is provided at the boundary between the large diameter portion 78B and the main body 78A, and an indicator portion 78C in which a plurality of check lines are formed at set intervals is formed on the outer periphery of the main body 78A.

  The wear checker 78 is configured so as to be able to be pushed into the inside by human operation. In the case of checking, by pushing the outer end side of the main body 78A toward the inner space of the transmission case T, the end portion of the large diameter portion 78B comes into contact with the friction plate unit 81, and a plurality of friction plates are connected to each other. Reach the contact state and reach the limit of pushing of the wear checker 78.

  Since the positional relationship between the plurality of check lines of the indicator portion 78C and the outer wall surface of the transmission case T changes in accordance with the wear amount of the friction plate unit 81 in the state where the push-in limit has been reached, the wear amount has increased. Can be grasped from the check line. By utilizing such a principle, the wear amount of the friction plate unit 81 can be grasped and the maintenance time can be easily grasped only by artificially pushing the wear checker. In this wear checker 78, instead of the check line, a mark or a number for recognizing the replacement time of the friction plate unit 81 may be formed on the outer surface of the main body 78A.

[Support frame]
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 9, a part of the left and right transmission cases T has a shape that protrudes downward, and penetrates the surface of the downward protrusion that faces the center side of the traveling machine body F. A support frame 63 is provided in the state. By providing the support frame 63 in this manner, the internal space of the left and right transmission cases T and the internal space of the support frame 63 communicate with each other.

  The support frame 63 is disposed at a position lower than the liquid level L of the lubricating oil (oil) stored in the internal space of the transmission case M. The liquid level L of the lubricating oil stored in the transmission case M is set at an intermediate level between the input shaft 36 and the upper intermediate shaft 37.

  As described above, the internal space of the transmission case M, the internal space of the drive shaft case 62, and the internal space of the transmission case T communicate with each other, and the internal space of the left and right transmission cases T and the internal space of the support frame 63 are connected. Communicate. With such a configuration, the internal space of the transmission case M, the internal space of the left and right drive shaft cases 62, the internal space of the left and right transmission cases T, and the internal space of the support frame 63 function as a lubricating oil reservoir. . By utilizing these internal spaces, an increase in the amount of lubricating oil stored is realized, and the surface area is increased so that the heat dissipation of the lubricating oil can be performed satisfactorily.

  A supply oil passage is formed through which hydraulic oil stored in the internal space of the support frame 63 is sent from the central position in the left-right direction of the support frame 63 to the hydraulic equipment. As the supply oil passage, a suction pipe 91 is provided in a state of penetrating from the upper side toward the inside at a central position in the left-right direction of the support frame 63. Furthermore, a supply oil path is configured to supply the lubricating oil sent out from the suction pipe 91 to the hydraulic equipment as hydraulic oil. This supply oil passage will be described later.

  A communication pipe 90 is provided as a communication member that communicates the internal space of the support frame 63 and the internal space of the transmission case M so that oil can flow. That is, the communication pipe 90 is provided in a state where the plug formed on the support frame 63 and the plug formed on the lower portion of the transmission case M are connected. In this corn harvester, the internal space of the transmission case M communicates with the internal space of the support frame 63 via the internal space of the drive shaft case 62 and the internal space of the transmission case T. 62 and the transmission case T function as a communication member. As described above, the single communication pipe 90 is shown as the communication member. However, for example, two or three or more communication pipes 90 may be provided as the communication member. Further, it is possible to use a flexible (flexible) resin or rubber hose that can be deformed flexibly as a communication member, or a metal pipe.

  Further, since the support frame 63 is provided at a position connecting the left and right transmission cases T, it is possible to maintain the relative positional relationship between the left and right transmission cases T and stabilize the positions of the left and right front wheels 1. . Furthermore, since the support frame 63 is disposed in front of the drive shaft case 62, the protrusion is supported even when, for example, the projecting object in the field is in contact with the transmission case M or the drive shaft case 62 during traveling. It contacts the frame 63 first. As a result, it is possible to prevent the inconvenience that the projecting object is in direct contact with the transmission case M or the drive shaft case 62 and is damaged.

[Hydraulic circuit]
In this corn harvester, a continuously variable transmission V, a steering cylinder 12, a lift cylinder 14, a dump cylinder 19, and a lifting cylinder 23 are provided as hydraulic devices. Further, as a working unit operated by the hydraulic device, the rear wheel 2 operated by the steering cylinder 12, the harvesting unit A operated by the lift cylinder 14, the harvest tank 4 operated by the dump cylinder 19, and the raising / lowering A residue processing device C operated by a cylinder 23 is provided.

  In addition, the hydraulic device is not limited to these, and for example, in the case of including a duct that sets the discharge direction of the feeder B, a hydraulic cylinder or a hydraulic motor that sets the discharge posture of the duct is the hydraulic device. In the configuration in which the posture of the traveling machine body F is rolled left and right, a rolling cylinder that performs a rolling operation is a hydraulic device. In addition, when a rolling cylinder is provided, a wheel or a crawler traveling device that operates up and down with the rolling cylinder is a specific configuration of the working unit. Furthermore, in the structure which sets the discharge attitude | position of a duct to the feeder B, this duct becomes a concrete structure of a working part.

  As shown in FIG. 7, a first hydraulic pump P1 and a second hydraulic pump P2 driven by the engine 10 are provided. Oil that supplies hydraulic oil from the first hydraulic pump P1 to the lift control valve V14, the dump control valve V19, and the lift control valve V23 corresponding to the lift cylinder 14, the dump cylinder 19, and the lift cylinder 23. A road is formed. Further, an oil passage for supplying hydraulic oil from the second hydraulic pump P2 to the steering valve V12 that controls the steering cylinder 12 and the metering pump M12 is formed.

  The continuously variable transmission V is provided with a charge pump PC driven by a passive shaft 43, and hydraulic oil from the charge pump PC is supplied to a variable capacity pump Vp and a constant capacity motor Vm via a charge oil filter 47. Is supplied to the oil passage between.

  As shown in FIG. 12, a concave portion 34A is formed on a part of the outer wall surface of the case body 34 constituting the transmission case M, and a plate 93 is attached to a position covering the concave portion 34A to form a supply oil passage. Yes. Further, a main oil filter 94 for cleaning the working oil sent from the supply oil passage is attached to the outer surface of the case body 34.

  The hydraulic oil stored in the internal space of the support frame 63 is sent from the suction pipe 91 to the supply pipe 92, and the external oil composed of a concave portion 34 </ b> A formed in a groove shape on the outer wall of the transmission case M from the supply pipe 92. Supplied to the road. The hydraulic oil that has passed through the main oil filter 94 from this external oil passage then flows to the concave portion 34A formed on the upper side of the main oil filter 94, and is connected to the plate 93 that covers the concave portion 34A. 97 is supplied to the charge pump PC, and is supplied from the main supply oil passage 98 connected to the plate 93 to the first hydraulic pump P1 and the second hydraulic pump P2.

  Further, in this hydraulic circuit, the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic equipment flows into the reduction oil passage 95, and as shown in FIG. 9, either the main reduction port 34P of the transmission case M and the auxiliary reduction ports 65P of the left and right transmission cases T It will be returned.

  The main return port 34P is disposed above the vicinity of the planetary transmission unit Mp inside the transmission case M, and can supply hydraulic oil returned from the hydraulic equipment as a lubricating oil to each gear of the planetary transmission unit Mp. That is, since the liquid level L of the lubricating oil stored in the inside of the transmission case M is below the input shaft 36, a part of the planetary transmission unit Mp is located above the liquid level L. By reducing the oil, the shortage of lubricating oil supply is solved, and the planetary transmission unit Mp is also cooled.

  The auxiliary reduction port 65P is disposed at a position close to the upper part of the brake mechanism Tb inside the transmission case T, and the hydraulic oil returned from the hydraulic equipment can be supplied to the upper part of the brake mechanism Tb to cool the brake mechanism Tb. I am doing so. As described above, when the liquid level L of the lubricating oil is determined, the upper part of the friction plate unit 81 of the brake mechanism Tb is exposed above the liquid level L. For this reason, the brake mechanism Tb can be reliably cooled by reducing the working oil to the exposed portion of the friction plate unit 81.

  This hydraulic circuit is not limited to the configuration in which the hydraulic oil from the reduction oil passage 95 is reduced only to the main reduction port 34P and the auxiliary reduction port 65P described above. That is, in addition to these return positions, for example, a port is formed so as to reduce the hydraulic oil above the auxiliary transmission portion Ms of the transmission case M. A plurality of ports, two or three or more, may be formed, and the hydraulic oil from the reducing oil passage 95 may be reduced in these ports. A part of the oil discharged from the continuously variable transmission V is radiated by the oil cooler 96 and then returned to the oil reservoir.

  In particular, the support frame 63 is disposed at a position lower than the lubricating oil level L of the transmission case M, and the lubricating oil is sucked by the suction pipe 91 from a portion near the bottom of the internal space of the support frame 63. Then, it becomes possible to suck hydraulic oil that does not mix air and supply it to hydraulic equipment as hydraulic oil.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for working machines such as self-removing combine harvesters, ordinary combine harvesters, sugarcane harvesters, and rice transplanters.

1 Traveling device (front wheel)
4 Storage tank (harvest tank)
6 Airframe 10 Engine 12 Hydraulic equipment (steering cylinder)
14 Hydraulic equipment (lift cylinder)
19 Hydraulic equipment (dump cylinder)
23 Hydraulic equipment (lifting cylinder)
34A Supply oil passage (concave part 34A)
61 travel drive shaft 62 drive shaft case / reservoir 63 support frame / reservoir 90 communication member (communication piping)
91 Supply oil passage / suction pipe 95 Reduced oil passage A Harvesting section F Traveling machine body L Liquid level M Shift case / storage section Mp Gear type reduction mechanism (planetary transmission section)
T Transmission case / reservoir Tb Brake mechanism V Hydraulic equipment / Continuously variable transmission

Claims (15)

A working machine including a working unit, a hydraulic device that operates the working unit, and a storage unit that stores oil supplied to the hydraulic device.
The traveling machine body includes a pair of left and right machine body frames extending in the front-rear direction, and a cylindrical support frame having both ends arranged over the left and right machine body frames in plan view, and the internal space of the support frame is the A work machine used as a reservoir.   The work machine according to claim 1, further comprising a transmission mechanism that transmits a driving force of the engine of the traveling machine body to the left and right traveling devices from the transmission case, wherein the transmission case is used as the storage unit.   The working machine according to claim 2, further comprising a communication member that communicates the internal space of the support frame and the internal space of the transmission case so that oil can flow. The transmission mechanism transmits a pair of left and right traveling drive shafts to which driving force from the transmission case is transmitted, and a pair of left and right traveling drive shafts transmits the driving force from the pair of left and right traveling drive shafts to the corresponding one of the left and right traveling devices. A transmission case and a pair of left and right drive shaft cases in which an inner end is connected to the transmission case and an outer end is connected to the transmission case in a state in which the traveling drive shaft is accommodated;
The internal space of the drive shaft case communicates with the internal space of the transmission case at the inner end position, and the internal space of the drive shaft case communicates with the internal space of the transmission case at the outer end position. The working machine described.   The left end of the support frame is connected to the left transmission case, the right end is connected to the right transmission case, and the internal space of the support frame is connected to the internal space of the transmission case at the connection position. The working machine according to claim 4, which is in communication.   The working machine according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a position where an end portion of the support frame is connected to the transmission case is set to a lower position of the transmission case.   The work machine according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the support frame is disposed at a position lower than a level of oil stored in the transmission case.   The working machine according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein a reducing oil passage for returning oil from the hydraulic device is connected to an internal space of the transmission case.   A supply oil passage that supplies oil stored in the support frame to the hydraulic equipment is configured to include an oil suction suction pipe that is inserted into an internal space of the support frame, and the suction pipe includes the support frame. The working machine according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein the working machine is provided in a state of penetrating from above to inside at a center position in a left-right direction of the traveling machine body.   The working machine according to claim 9, wherein a part of the supply oil passage is formed on an outer wall surface of the transmission case.   The work machine according to claim 10, wherein the transmission case includes a frictional brake mechanism that applies a braking force to the traveling device, and a connection position of the reducing oil passage is set at an upper portion of the brake mechanism. .   The working machine according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein a reducing oil passage for returning oil from the hydraulic device is connected to the transmission case.   The work machine according to claim 12, wherein the speed change case includes a gear type reduction mechanism, and a connection position of the reduction oil passage is set at an upper position of the gear type reduction mechanism.   The working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the transmission case includes a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission that continuously changes the driving force of the engine.   The working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein a corn harvesting unit is provided at a front end of the traveling machine body, and the traveling machine body includes a storage tank that stores tufted corn harvested by the harvesting unit. .

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