JP2014205710A - Composition having ameliorating action on reduction in higher brain function caused by brain structural disorder - Google Patents
Composition having ameliorating action on reduction in higher brain function caused by brain structural disorder Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014205710A JP2014205710A JP2014149230A JP2014149230A JP2014205710A JP 2014205710 A JP2014205710 A JP 2014205710A JP 2014149230 A JP2014149230 A JP 2014149230A JP 2014149230 A JP2014149230 A JP 2014149230A JP 2014205710 A JP2014205710 A JP 2014205710A
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- acid
- arachidonic acid
- constituent fatty
- docosahexaenoic
- arachidonic
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、器質的脳障害に起因する高次脳機能の低下に対する改善作用を有する組成物に関する。 The present invention relates to a composition having an improving action against a decrease in higher brain function caused by an organic brain disorder.
高次脳機能とは、注意、記憶、知覚、言語、計算などの脳機能を指し、脳梗塞、一過性脳虚血発作などの虚血性脳卒中、脳出血、くも膜下出血などの出血性脳卒中や脳震盪や脳挫傷などの外傷性疾患により、器質的な脳障害が生じた時に、高次脳機能障害が認められる。高次脳機能障害には、半側身体失認、地誌的障害、 失認症、失語症、記憶障害、失行症、注意障害、遂行機能障害や行動や情緒の障害などが挙げられる。 Higher brain function refers to cerebral functions such as attention, memory, perception, language, and calculation, and ischemic stroke such as cerebral infarction and transient ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke such as cerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage and Higher brain dysfunction is observed when organic brain damage occurs due to traumatic diseases such as concussion and brain contusion. Higher cerebral dysfunctions include hemilateral body agnosia, topographical disorders, agnosia, aphasia, memory impairment, apraxia, attention disorders, executive dysfunction and behavioral and emotional disorders.
こうした高次脳機能障害に対しては、種々の治療薬が研究・開発が進められているが、そのほとんどは器質的脳障害の原因に対する対症療法であり、低下した高次脳機能を改善又は向上させる化合物については、残念ながら有効な化合物が見出されていないのが現状である。つまり、高次脳機能障害を判定し、改善効果を評価する方法は、ミニメンタルステイツ検査（MMSE）、改訂長谷川式簡易知能評価スケール（HDS-R）やウェクスラー知能検査（WAIS-R）などを挙げることができる。しかし、MMSEやHDS-Rでは、高次脳機能の改善又は向上を評価するには精度にと再現性に欠け、WAIS-Rでは時間と労力がかかり過ぎるといった欠点があった。そこで、客観的に高次脳機能の改善又は向上を目的に薬剤を開発・研究するためには、高次脳機能を客観的に評価する有効手段が必要であった。 Various therapeutic drugs are being researched and developed for these higher brain dysfunctions, but most of them are symptomatic treatments for the causes of organic brain disorders, which improve or reduce reduced higher brain function. Unfortunately, no effective compounds have been found for improving compounds. In other words, methods for assessing higher brain dysfunction and evaluating the improvement effects include mini-mental states test (MMSE), revised Hasegawa-style simplified intelligence evaluation scale (HDS-R), and Wexler intelligence test (WAIS-R). Can be mentioned. However, MMSE and HDS-R have the drawbacks that accuracy and reproducibility are insufficient to evaluate improvement or enhancement of higher brain function, and WAIS-R takes too much time and effort. Therefore, in order to develop and study a drug for the purpose of objectively improving or improving higher brain function, an effective means for objectively evaluating higher brain function was necessary.
最近、高次脳機能をより高精度に再現性を持って評価する方法としてRBANS神経心理テストに注目が集まっている。RBANS神経心理テストは、米国のRandolphが開発した Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Statusの略称で、３０分程度の短時間で、繰り返し、評価し得る神経心理テスト課題である。このRBANS神経心理テストは、老人性認知症や統合失調症に代表される精神神経疾患などの早期診断や経過観察、および治療効果の判定に威力を発揮し、脳血管障害や頭部外傷後の後遺症、すなわち高次脳機能障害の判定にも有用であると考えられている［山嶋哲盛ら 脳神経 Vol.54 463-471 (2002)］。したがって、RBANS神経心理テストによりヒトの高次脳機能を短時間で再現性良く判定することができるようになった。 Recently, the RBANS neuropsychological test has attracted attention as a method for evaluating higher brain functions with higher accuracy and reproducibility. The RBANS neuropsychological test is an abbreviation of Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status developed by Randolph of the United States, and is a neuropsychological test task that can be repeatedly evaluated in a short time of about 30 minutes. This RBANS neuropsychological test is effective for early diagnosis and follow-up of neuropsychiatric disorders such as senile dementia and schizophrenia, and judgment of therapeutic effects, and after cerebrovascular disorders and head trauma. It is thought to be useful for the determination of sequelae, that is, higher brain dysfunction [Tetsumori Yamashima et al., Neurology Vol. 54 463-471 (2002)]. Therefore, the RBANS neuropsychological test has made it possible to determine human higher brain function in a short time with good reproducibility.
脳は脂質の塊のような組織であって、例えば、白質においては1/3が、灰白質においては1/4がリン脂質に占められている。脳の各種細胞膜を構成しているリン脂質中の高度不飽和脂肪酸は、アラキドン酸とドコサヘキサエン酸が主である。しかし、これらアラキドン酸とドコサヘキサエン酸は動物体内ではde novo合成できず、直接あるいは間接的（アラキドン酸の前駆体となるリノール酸、ドコサヘキサエン酸の前駆体となるα-リノレン酸）に食事から摂取する必要がある。そこで、アラキドン酸及びドコサヘキサエン酸の学習記憶能力の向上、老人性痴呆症の予防回復に注目が集っている。 The brain is a lipid-like tissue, for example, 1/3 in white matter and 1/4 in gray matter in phospholipids. Arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid are the main unsaturated fatty acids in phospholipids that make up various cell membranes in the brain. However, these arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid cannot be synthesized de novo in the animal body, and are taken directly or indirectly (linoleic acid, which is a precursor of arachidonic acid, α-linolenic acid, which is a precursor of docosahexaenoic acid) from the diet. There is a need. Therefore, attention has been focused on improving learning and memory ability of arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid and preventing and recovering senile dementia.
ドコサヘキサエン酸については、魚油という豊富な供給源が存在することから、脳機能改善に関する種々の研究がなされ、学習能力増強剤、記憶力増強剤、痴呆予防剤、痴呆治療剤、抗痴呆薬または脳機能改善効果を有する機能性食品等（特開平7-82146、特開平5-117147、特開平2-49723）の特許が出願されている。そして、アラキドン酸及び/又はアラキドン酸を構成脂肪酸とする化合物については、最近、特開2003-048831「脳機能低下に起因する症状あるいは疾患の予防又は改善作用を有する組成物」において、加齢動物をモリス型水迷路試験に供して、加齢に伴う学習能の低下をアラキドン酸及び/又はアラキドン酸を構成脂肪酸とする化合物を投与することにより改善することを明らかにされている。 With regard to docosahexaenoic acid, because there is an abundant source of fish oil, various studies on brain function improvement have been conducted, and learning ability enhancers, memory enhancers, dementia prevention agents, dementia treatment agents, anti-dementia agents, or brain functions Patents have been filed for functional foods having an improving effect (JP-A-7-82146, JP-A-5-117147, JP-A-2-49723). As for arachidonic acid and / or a compound containing arachidonic acid as a constituent fatty acid, recently, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-048831 “Composition having the effect of preventing or ameliorating symptoms or diseases caused by brain function deterioration”, Is subjected to a Morris water maze test, and it has been clarified that arachidonic acid and / or a compound containing arachidonic acid as a constituent fatty acid is improved to reduce the learning ability associated with aging.
また、群馬大学医学部の宮永らは、正常者26名を対象に、2400mgのDHAを含有するカプセルを経口的に服用させ、服用前と服用2時間後に認知応答と相関のある事象関連電位（P300）を測定して、P300の潜時が有意に短縮し、振幅も有意に高くなることを見出している［宮永和夫、食の科学、P84-96（1999）］。しかし、擬似サンプルとの比較結果ではなく、血中DHA濃度とP300の結果に相関が認められていない、さらに、正常老人97名を対象に、900mgのDHAを含有するカプセルを6ヶ月間、毎日服用させた長期投与試験では、P300に何ら変化がなく、DHAの有効性を示すには全く不十分な内容であった。 Miyanaga et al., Gunma University School of Medicine, orally administered capsules containing 2400 mg of DHA to 26 normal subjects. Event-related potentials (P300) correlated with cognitive responses before and 2 hours after dosing. ), The latency of P300 is significantly shortened and the amplitude is also significantly increased [Kazuo Miyanaga, Food Science, P84-96 (1999)]. However, there was no correlation between the blood DHA concentration and the P300 result, not the comparison with the simulated sample.In addition, a capsule containing 900 mg DHA was administered daily for 6 months for 97 normal elderly subjects. In the long-term administration study that was taken, there was no change in P300, and it was completely insufficient to show the effectiveness of DHA.
さらに宮永らは、１日あたり700〜1400mgのDHAを含有するカプセルを６ヶ月間経口的に服用させ、脳血管性痴呆13例中10例に、またアルツハイマー型痴呆5例全例にやや改善以上の効果が認められたと報告している［宮永和夫、臨床栄養、881-901（1995）］。しかし、記憶・学習能力ではなく、意志の伝達、意欲・発動性の向上、せん妄、徘徊、うつ状態、歩行障害の改善が示されたに過ぎない。 In addition, Miyanaga et al. Orally took capsules containing 700-1400 mg of DHA per day for 6 months and improved slightly in 10 of 13 cases of cerebrovascular dementia and in all 5 cases of Alzheimer-type dementia. Has been reported [Kazuo Miyanaga, Clinical Nutrition, 881-901 (1995)]. However, it is not memory / learning ability but only improvement of communication of will, motivation / activity, delirium, epilepsy, depression, and gait disturbance.
このように、アラキドン酸やドコサヘキサエン酸に記憶・学習能力改善効果が期待されるとされながら、健常高齢者の事象関連電位の改善や脳血管性痴呆患者、アルツハイマー患者の情動や行動障害を改善したことが示されたにとどまっており、器質的脳障害による高次脳機能の低下に対して、改善又は向上作用を有するかどうかは全く明らかではなかった。
したがって、器質的脳障害による高次脳機能の低下を改善又は向上させ、医薬、さらには食品への適応に優れた副作用の少ない化合物の開発が強く望まれている。
Thus, while arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid are expected to improve memory and learning ability, they improved the event-related potential of healthy elderly people and improved emotional and behavioral disorders in patients with cerebrovascular dementia and Alzheimer's However, it was not clear at all whether it had an improving or improving effect on the lowering of higher brain function due to organic brain damage.
Therefore, there is a strong demand for the development of a compound with reduced side effects that improves or improves the lowering of higher brain function due to organic brain damage and is excellent in adaptation to medicines and foods.
従って本発明は、アラキドン酸及び／又はアラキドン酸を構成脂肪酸とする化合物並びにドコサヘキサエン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸を構成脂肪酸とする化合物を有効成分とする、器質的脳障害に起因する高次脳機能の低下に対する改善作用を有する飲食品及びその製造方法を提供しようとするものである。より詳細には、アラキドン酸及びドコサヘキサエン酸、アラキドン酸又はドコサヘキサエン酸のアルコールエステル並びに構成脂肪酸の一部又は全部がアラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸であるトリグリセリド、リン脂質及び糖脂質の群から選ばれた少なくとも1種を有効成分とする器質的脳障害に起因する高次脳機能の低下に対する改善作用を有する飲食品及びその製造方法を提供しようとするものである。 Therefore, the present invention provides a higher brain function caused by organic brain damage, comprising as an active ingredient a compound containing arachidonic acid and / or arachidonic acid as a constituent fatty acid and docosahexaenoic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid as a constituent fatty acid. An object of the present invention is to provide a food and drink having an improving effect on the decrease and a method for producing the same. More specifically, arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, alcohol ester of arachidonic acid or docosahexaenoic acid, and triglycerides, phospholipids and glycolipids in which some or all of the constituent fatty acids are arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid are selected. An object of the present invention is to provide a food / beverage product having an action of improving the lowering of higher brain function caused by organic brain damage containing at least one active ingredient and a method for producing the same.
本発明者等は、アラキドン酸及び／又はアラキドン酸を構成脂肪酸とする化合物並びにドコサヘキサエン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸を構成脂肪酸とする化合物の、高次脳機能の低下に対する改善作用を明らかにする目的で鋭意研究した結果、驚くべきことに、RBANS神経心理テストを指標に評価することで、アラキドン酸及び／又はアラキドン酸を構成脂肪酸とする化合物並びにドコサヘキサエン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸を構成脂肪酸とする化合物の器質的脳障害による高次脳機能障害患者に対する効果をヒトで明らかにした。 The inventors of the present invention have clarified the improvement action of arachidonic acid and / or a compound containing arachidonic acid as a constituent fatty acid and a compound containing docosahexaenoic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid as a constituent fatty acid against a decrease in higher brain function. As a result of earnest research, surprisingly, by evaluating with the RBANS neuropsychological test as an index, compounds having arachidonic acid and / or arachidonic acid as a constituent fatty acid and compounds having docosahexaenoic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid as a constituent fatty acid The effect of organic brain disorders on patients with higher brain dysfunction was clarified in humans.
従って本発明は、アラキドン酸及び／又はアラキドン酸を構成脂肪酸とする化合物並びにドコサヘキサエン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸を構成脂肪酸とする化合物を有効成分とする、器質的脳障害に起因する高次脳機能の低下に対する改善作用を有する飲食品及びその製造方法を提供する。より詳細には、アラキドン酸並びにドコサヘキサエン酸、アラキドン酸又はドコサヘキサエン酸のアルコールエステル、さらに構成脂肪酸の一部又は全部がアラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸であるトリグリセリド、リン脂質及び糖脂質の群から選ばれた少なくとも1種を有効成分とする器質的脳障害に起因する高次脳機能の低下に対する改善作用を有する飲食品及びその製造方法を提供しようとするものである。 Therefore, the present invention provides a higher brain function caused by organic brain damage, comprising as an active ingredient a compound containing arachidonic acid and / or arachidonic acid as a constituent fatty acid and docosahexaenoic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid as a constituent fatty acid. Provided are foods and beverages having an improving effect on the decrease and a method for producing the same. More specifically, arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, arachidonic acid or alcohol ester of docosahexaenoic acid, and triglycerides, phospholipids and glycolipids in which some or all of the constituent fatty acids are arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid are selected. Another object of the present invention is to provide a food / beverage product having an action of improving the lowering of higher brain function caused by organic brain damage containing at least one active ingredient, and a method for producing the same.
本発明により、アラキドン酸及び／又はアラキドン酸を構成脂肪酸とする化合物並びにドコサヘキサエン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸を構成脂肪酸とする化合物を有効成分とする、器質的脳障害に起因する高次脳機能の低下に対する改善作用を有する飲食品及びその製造方法を提供することができ、現代社会の人類において特に有用である。 According to the present invention, arachidonic acid and / or a compound having arachidonic acid as a constituent fatty acid, and a compound having docosahexaenoic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid as a constituent fatty acid as an active ingredient are reduced in higher brain function resulting from organic brain damage. It is possible to provide a food and drink having an improving action on the skin and a method for producing the same, and is particularly useful for human beings in modern society.
本発明は、アラキドン酸及び／又はアラキドン酸を構成脂肪酸とする化合物並びにドコサヘキサエン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸を構成脂肪酸とする化合物を有効成分とする、器質的脳障害に起因する高次脳機能の低下に対する改善作用を有する飲食品及びその製造方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a reduction in higher brain function caused by organic brain damage, comprising as an active ingredient a compound containing arachidonic acid and / or arachidonic acid as a constituent fatty acid and docosahexaenoic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid as a constituent fatty acid. It is related with the food-drinks which have the improvement effect with respect to, and its manufacturing method.
器質的脳障害に起因する高次脳機能の低下とは、脳梗塞、一過性脳虚血発作などの虚血性脳卒中、脳出血、くも膜下出血などの出血性脳卒中、脳震盪や脳挫傷などの外傷性疾患等が原因である器質的な脳障害により生じる、半側身体失認、地誌的障害、失認症、失語症、記憶障害、失行症、注意障害、遂行機能障害や行動や情緒の障害などを挙げることができるが、これらの障害に限定しているわけではなく、器質的脳障害に起因する高次脳機能の低下に伴う症状はすべて含まれる。 Deterioration of higher brain function due to organic cerebral disorder means ischemic stroke such as cerebral infarction or transient cerebral ischemic attack, hemorrhagic stroke such as cerebral hemorrhage or subarachnoid hemorrhage, trauma such as concussion or cerebral contusion Hemilateral body agnosis, topographical disability, agnosia, aphasia, memory impairment, apraxia, attention disorder, executive dysfunction, behavioral and emotional disorders, etc. Although not limited to these disorders, all the symptoms associated with lower brain function due to organic brain disorders are included.
本発明の有効成分はアラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸であって、アラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸を構成脂肪酸とするすべての化合物も利用することができる。アラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸を構成脂肪酸とする化合物には、アラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸の塩類、例えばカルシウム塩、ナトリウム塩などを挙げることができる、また、アラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸のアルコールエステル、例えばアラキドン酸メチルエステル、ドコサヘキサエン酸エチルエステルなどを挙げることができる。また、構成脂肪酸の一部又は全部がアラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸であるトリグリセリド、ジグリセリド、モノグリセリド、リン脂質、さらには糖脂質などを利用することができる。 The active ingredient of the present invention is arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid, and all compounds having arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid as a constituent fatty acid can also be used. Examples of the compound having arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid as a constituent fatty acid include arachidonic acid and / or salts of docosahexaenoic acid, such as calcium salt and sodium salt, and also arachidonic acid and / or alcohol of docosahexaenoic acid. Examples of the ester include arachidonic acid methyl ester and docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester. In addition, triglycerides, diglycerides, monoglycerides, phospholipids, and glycolipids in which a part or all of the constituent fatty acids are arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid can be used.
食品への適応を考えた場合には、アラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸はトリグリセリドやリン脂質の形態、特にトリグリセリドの形態にすることが望ましい。 In view of adaptation to foods, it is desirable that arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid be in the form of triglycerides or phospholipids, particularly triglycerides.
従って本発明においては、本発明の有効成分である構成脂肪酸の一部又は全部がアラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸であるトリグリセリドを含有するトリグリセリド（アラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸を含有するトリグリセリド）を使用することができる。アラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸を含有するトリグリセリドとしては、トリグリセリドを構成する全脂肪酸のうちアラキドン酸またはドコサヘキサエン酸の割合が5重量(W/W)%以上、好ましくは10重量%以上、より好ましくは20重量%以上、もっと好ましくは30重量%以上である油脂（トリグリセリド）が食品に適用する場合には望ましい形態となる。したがって、本発明において、アラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸を含有する油脂（トリグリセリド）を生産する能力を有する微生物を培養して得られたものであればすべて使用することができる。 Therefore, in the present invention, a triglyceride (triglyceride containing arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid) containing triglyceride in which a part or all of the constituent fatty acids as the active ingredient of the present invention is arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid is used. can do. As the triglyceride containing arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid, the proportion of arachidonic acid or docosahexaenoic acid is 5% by weight or more, preferably 10% by weight or more, more preferably, among all fatty acids constituting the triglyceride. Oils and fats (triglycerides) of 20% by weight or more, more preferably 30% by weight or more, are a desirable form when applied to foods. Therefore, in the present invention, any microorganisms obtained by culturing microorganisms having the ability to produce oils and fats (triglycerides) containing arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid can be used.
例えば、アラキドン酸を含有する油脂（トリグリセリド）の生産能を有する微生物としては、モルティエレラ（Mortierella）属、コニディオボラス（Conidiobolus）属、フィチウム（Pythium）属、フィトフトラ（Phytophthora）属、ペニシリューム（Penicillium）属、クラドスポリューム（Cladosporium）属、ムコール（Mucor）属、フザリューム（Fusarium）属、アスペルギルス（Aspergillus）属、ロードトルラ（Rhodotorula）属、エントモフトラ（Entomophthora）属、エキノスポランジウム（Echinosporangium）属、サプロレグニア（Saprolegnia）属に属する微生物を挙げることができる。 For example, as the microorganism capable of producing fat or oil (triglyceride) containing arachidonic acid, Mortierella (Mortierella) genus, Koni audio bolus (Conidiobolus) genus Fichiumu (Pythium) genus Phytophthora (Phytophthora) genus Penishiryumu (Penicillium ) genus, clad sports Liu beam (Cladosporium) genus, Mucor (Mucor) genus, Fuzaryumu (Fusarium) genus Aspergillus (Aspergillus) genus, Rhodotorula (Rhodotorula) genus, Entomofutora (Entomophthora) genus, echinochrome aminocephalosporanic indium (Echinosporangium) genus Saprolegnia Mention may be made of microorganisms belonging to the genus ( Saprolegnia ).
モルティエレラ（Mortierella）属モルティエレラ（Mortierella）亜属に属する微生物では、例えばモルティエレラ・エロンガタ（Mortierella elongata）、モルティエレラ・エキシグア（Mortierella exigua）、モルティエレラ・フィグロフィラ（Mortierella hygrophila）、モルティエレラ・アルピナ（Mortierella alpina）等を挙げることができる。具体的にはモルティエレラ・エロンガタ（Mortierella elongata）IFO8570、モルティエレラ・エキシグア（Mortierella exigua）IFO8571、モルティエレラ・フィグロフィラ（Mortierella hygrophila）IFO5941、モルティエレラ・アルピナ（Mortierella alpina）IFO8568、ATCC16266、ATCC32221、ATCC42430、CBS219.35、CBS224.37、CBS250.53、CBS343.66、CBS527.72、CBS529.72、CBS608.70、CBS754.68等の菌株を挙げることができる。 In the Mortierella (Mortierella) belonging to the genus Mortierella (Mortierella) microorganisms belonging to the subgenus, for example Mortierella elongata (Mortierella elongata), Mortierella exigua (Mortierella exigua), Mortierella Figurofira (Mortierella hygrophila), Mortierella alpina ( Mortierella alpina ). Specifically, Mortierella elongata IFO8570, Mortierella exigua IFO8571, Mortierella hygrophila IFO5941, Mortierella alpina IFO8568, CC16, 266, CC16 Examples include CBS219.35, CBS224.37, CBS250.53, CBS343.66, CBS527.72, CBS529.72, CBS608.70, CBS754.68 and the like.
これらの菌株はいずれも、大阪市の財団法人醗酵研究所（IFO）、及び米国のアメリカン・タイプ・カルチャー・コレクション（American Type Culture Collection, ATCC）及び、Centrralbureau voor Schimmelcultures（CBS）からなんら制限なく入手することができる。また本発明の研究グループが土壌から分離した菌株モルティエレラ・エロンガタSAM0219（微工研菌寄第8703号）（微工研条寄第1239号）を使用することもできる。 All of these strains are obtained from Osaka City Foundation for Fermentation (IFO), American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), and Centrralbureau voor Schimmelcultures (CBS) without any restrictions. can do. In addition, the strain Mortierella elongata SAM0219 (Mikken Kenyoku No. 8703) (Mikken Kenjyo No. 1239) isolated from soil by the research group of the present invention can also be used.
高次脳機能の低下に対する改善作用を有する飲食品の製造法であって、アラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸を構成脂肪酸とする化合物を単独で、あるいはアラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸を実質的に含有しない、あるいは含有していても僅かな飲食品原料とともに配合することができる。ここで、僅かな量とは、飲食品原料にアラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸が含まれていたとしても、それを配合した食品組成物を人が摂取しても、後述する本発明の1日当たりのアラキドン酸摂取量に達していない量を意味する。 A method for producing foods and drinks having an improvement effect on lowering of higher brain function, comprising arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid alone or substantially containing arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid Even if it is contained, it can be blended together with a small amount of raw materials for food and drink. Here, the slight amount means that even if arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid is contained in the food and drink raw material, even if a person ingests the food composition containing the arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid, The amount of arachidonic acid intake is not reached.
特に構成脂肪酸の一部又は全部がアラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸であるトリグリセリドの場合には、油脂（トリグリセリド）の用途に関しては無限の可能性があり、食品、飲料、医薬品、医薬部外品の原料並びに添加物として使用することがでる。そして、その使用目的、使用量に関して何ら制限を受けるものではない。 In particular, in the case of triglycerides in which some or all of the constituent fatty acids are arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid, there are endless possibilities for the use of fats and oils (triglycerides). It can be used as a raw material as well as an additive. And there is no restriction on the purpose and amount of use.
例えば、食品組成物としては、一般食品の他、機能性食品、栄養補助食品、特定保健用食品、未熟児用調製乳、乳児用調製乳、乳児用食品、妊産婦食品又は老人用食品等を挙げることができる。油脂を含む食品例として、肉、魚、またはナッツ等の本来油脂を含む天然食品、スープ等の調理時に油脂を加える食品、ドーナッツ等の熱媒体として油脂を用いる食品、バター等の油脂食品、クッキー等の加工時に油脂を加える加工食品、あるいはハードビスケット等の加工仕上げ時に油脂を噴霧または塗布する食品等が挙げられる。さらに、油脂を含まない、農産食品、醗酵食品、畜産食品、水産食品、または飲料に添加することができる。さらに、機能性食品、医薬品、医薬部外品の形態であっても構わず、例えば、経腸栄養剤、粉末、顆粒、トローチ、内服液、懸濁液、乳濁液、シロップ等の加工形態であってもよい。本発明の食品には、アラキドン酸を構成脂肪酸とする化合物を含んで成る、器質的脳障害に起因する高次脳機能の低下に対する改善作用を有する旨の表示を付することができる。 For example, food compositions include functional foods, dietary supplements, foods for specified health use, formulas for premature babies, formulas for infants, infant foods, maternal foods or foods for the elderly, in addition to general foods. be able to. Examples of foods that contain fats and oils include natural foods that originally contain fats and oils such as meat, fish, and nuts, foods that add fats and oils during cooking such as soups, foods that use fats and oils as a heating medium such as donuts, fats and foods such as butter, and cookies Processed foods to which fats and oils are added at the time of processing such as, or foods to which fats and oils are sprayed or applied at the time of processing and finishing of hard biscuits and the like. Furthermore, it can be added to agricultural foods, fermented foods, livestock foods, marine foods, or beverages that do not contain fats and oils. Furthermore, it may be in the form of functional foods, pharmaceuticals, quasi drugs, for example, enteral nutrients, powders, granules, troches, oral liquids, suspensions, emulsions, syrups, etc. It may be. The food of the present invention can be labeled with an indication that it has an action to improve the lowering of higher brain function caused by organic brain damage, comprising a compound containing arachidonic acid as a constituent fatty acid.
また本発明の組成物は、本発明の有効成分以外に、一般に飲食品、医薬品または医薬部外品に用いられる各種担体や添加物を含んでいてよい。特に本発明の有効成分の酸化防止を防ぐ目的で抗酸化を含むことが望ましい。抗酸化剤として、例えば、トコフェロール類、フラボン誘導体、フィロズルシン類、コウジ酸、没食子酸誘導体、カテキン類、フキ酸、ゴシポール、ピラジン誘導体、セサモール、グァヤオール、グァヤク酸、p-クマリン酸、ノールジヒドログァヤテッチク酸、ステロール類、テルペン類、核酸塩基類、カロチノイド類、リグナン類などのような天然抗酸化剤およびアスコルビン酸パルミチン酸エステル、アスコルビン酸ステアリン酸エステル、ブチルヒドロキシアニソール(BHA)、ブチルヒドロキシトルエン(BHT)、モノ-t-ブチルヒドロキノン(TBHQ)、4-ヒドロキシメイル-2,6-ジ-t-ブチルフェノール(HMBP)に代表されるような合成抗酸化剤を挙げることができる。 In addition to the active ingredient of the present invention, the composition of the present invention may contain various carriers and additives generally used for foods and drinks, pharmaceuticals or quasi drugs. In particular, it is desirable to contain an antioxidant for the purpose of preventing the active ingredient of the present invention from being oxidized. Antioxidants include, for example, tocopherols, flavone derivatives, phyllozulcins, kojic acid, gallic acid derivatives, catechins, fuxic acid, gossypol, pyrazine derivatives, sesamol, guaiaol, guaiac acid, p-coumaric acid, nordihydroguayate Natural antioxidants such as chic acid, sterols, terpenes, nucleobases, carotenoids, lignans, and ascorbyl palmitate, ascorbate stearate, butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), butylhydroxytoluene ( Synthetic antioxidants represented by BHT), mono-t-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), 4-hydroxymail-2,6-di-t-butylphenol (HMBP).
トコフェロール類では、α-トコフェロール、β-トコフェロール、γ-トコフェロール、トコフェロールおよびトコフェロールエステル（酢酸トコフェロール等）等を挙げることができる。さらに、カロチノイド類では、例えば、β-カロチン、カンタキサンチン、アスタキサンチン等を挙げることができる。 Examples of tocopherols include α-tocopherol, β-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, tocopherol and tocopherol esters (such as tocopherol acetate). Furthermore, examples of carotenoids include β-carotene, canthaxanthin, astaxanthin and the like.
本発明の組成物は、本発明の有効成分以外に、担体として、各種キャリアー担体、イクステンダー剤、希釈剤、増量剤、分散剤、賦形剤、結合剤溶媒（例、水、エタノール、植物油）、溶解補助剤、緩衝剤、溶解促進剤、ゲル化剤、懸濁化剤、小麦粉、米粉、でん粉、コーンスターチ、ポリサッカライド、ミルクタンパク質、コラーゲン、米油、レシチンなどが挙げられる、添加剤としては、例えば、ビタミン類、甘味料、有機酸、着色剤、香料、湿化防止剤、ファイバー、電解質、ミネラル、栄養素、抗酸化剤、保存剤、芳香剤、湿潤剤、天然の食物抽出物、野菜抽出物などを挙げることができるが、これらに限定しているわけではない。 In addition to the active ingredient of the present invention, the composition of the present invention includes various carriers, extenders, diluents, extenders, dispersants, excipients, binder solvents (eg, water, ethanol, vegetable oil) as carriers. ), Solubilizers, buffers, solubilizers, gelling agents, suspending agents, flour, rice flour, starch, corn starch, polysaccharides, milk protein, collagen, rice oil, lecithin, etc. Are, for example, vitamins, sweeteners, organic acids, coloring agents, fragrances, anti-wetting agents, fibers, electrolytes, minerals, nutrients, antioxidants, preservatives, fragrances, wetting agents, natural food extracts, Although vegetable extract etc. can be mentioned, it is not necessarily limited to these.
アラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸を構成脂肪酸とする化合物の主薬効成分はアラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸にある。アラキドン酸の一日あたり食事からの摂取量は関東地区で0.14g、関西地区で0.19〜0.20g、ドコサヘキサエン酸の一日あたり食事からの摂取量は関東地区で0.37〜0.38g、関西地区で0.69〜0.82gとの報告があり（脂質栄養学4, 73-82, 1995）、相当量、さらにはそれ以上、アラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸を摂取する必要がある。したがって、本発明のアラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸並びにアラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸を構成脂肪酸とする化合物の成人（例えば、体重60kgとして）一日当たりの摂取量は、アラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸量換算として、0.001g〜20g、好ましくは0.01g〜10g、より好ましくは0.05〜5g、最も好ましくは0.1g〜2gとする。 The main medicinal component of the compound having arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid as a constituent fatty acid is arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid. The daily intake of arachidonic acid from the diet is 0.14 g in the Kanto region, 0.19 to 0.20 g in the Kansai region, the daily intake of docosahexaenoic acid from 0.37 to 0.38 g in the Kanto region, and 0.69 in the Kansai region. There is a report of ˜0.82 g (Lipid Nutrition 4, 73-82, 1995), and it is necessary to take arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid in a considerable amount or even more. Therefore, the daily intake of an arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid and a compound comprising arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid as a constituent fatty acid of the present invention (for example, as a body weight of 60 kg) is determined by the amount of arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid. In terms of conversion, 0.001 g to 20 g, preferably 0.01 g to 10 g, more preferably 0.05 to 5 g, and most preferably 0.1 g to 2 g.
本発明の有効成分を実際に飲食品に適用する場合には、食品に配合するアラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸の絶対量も重要となる。ただし、飲食品に配合する絶対量も、配合する飲食品の摂取量によって変化することから、構成脂肪酸の一部又は全部がアラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸であるトリグリセリドを含有するトリグリセリドを食品に配合する場合には、アラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸として0.001重量%以上、好ましくは0.01重量%以上、より好ましくは0.1重量%以上となるように配合する。 When the active ingredient of the present invention is actually applied to food and drink, the absolute amount of arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid to be blended in the food is also important. However, since the absolute amount to be mixed with food and drink also changes depending on the amount of food and drink to be mixed, triglycerides containing triglycerides in which some or all of the constituent fatty acids are arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid are added to food In this case, arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid is added in an amount of 0.001% by weight or more, preferably 0.01% by weight or more, more preferably 0.1% by weight or more.
本発明の組成物を医薬品として使用する場合、製剤技術分野において慣用の方法、例えば、日本薬局方に記載の方法あるいはそれに準じる方法に従って製造することができる。
本発明の組成物を医薬品として使用する場合、組成物中の有効成分の配分量は、本発明の目的が達成される限り特に限定されず、適宜適当な配合割合で使用が可能である。
本発明の組成物を医薬品として使用する場合、投与単位形態で投与するのが望ましく、特に、経口投与が好ましい。
When the composition of the present invention is used as a pharmaceutical, it can be produced according to a method commonly used in the pharmaceutical technical field, for example, a method described in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia or a method analogous thereto.
When the composition of the present invention is used as a pharmaceutical, the amount of the active ingredient in the composition is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is achieved, and can be appropriately used at an appropriate blending ratio.
When the composition of the present invention is used as a pharmaceutical, it is desirable to administer it in a dosage unit form, and oral administration is particularly preferred.
本発明の組成物の投与量は、年令、体重、症状、投与回数などにより異なるが、例えば、成人（約60kgとして）一日当たり本発明のアラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸を構成脂肪酸とする化合物を、アラキドン酸及び／又はドコサヘキサエン酸量換算として、通常約0.001g〜20g、好ましくは約0.01g〜10g、より好ましくは約0.05〜5g、最も好ましくは約0.1g〜2gを一日1回〜3回に分割して投与するのがよい。 The dose of the composition of the present invention varies depending on age, weight, symptoms, frequency of administration, etc., for example, an adult (about 60 kg) compound containing arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid of the present invention per day In terms of the amount of arachidonic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid, usually about 0.001 g to 20 g, preferably about 0.01 g to 10 g, more preferably about 0.05 to 5 g, most preferably about 0.1 g to 2 g once a day It should be administered in 3 divided doses.
脳のリン脂質膜の主要な脂肪酸はアラキドン酸並びにドコサヘキサエン酸であり、バランスを考えた場合、本発明の組成物は、アラキドン酸にドコサヘキサエン酸との組み合わせが望ましい。一般にアラキドン酸（n-6系 不飽和脂肪酸）とドコサヘキサエン酸（n-3系 不飽和脂肪酸）は、それぞれリノール酸とα-リノレン酸から同一の酵素により生合成される。したがって、アラキドン酸を単独で投与した場合には、ドコサヘキサエン酸の生合成を抑制する。また、逆にドコサヘキサエン酸を単独で投与した場合には、アラキドン酸の生合成を抑制する。このような弊害を防ぐためにも、アラキドン酸とドコサヘキサエン酸を組み合わせて摂取することが望ましい。また、脳のリン脂質膜にはエイコサペンタエン酸の割合が非常に低いことから、ほとんどエイコサペンタエン酸を含まないアラキドン酸とドコサヘキサエン酸との組み合わせがより望ましい。そして、アラキドン酸とドコサヘキサエン酸の組み合わせにおいて、アラキドン酸／ドコサヘキサエン酸比（重量）が0.1〜15の範囲、好ましくは0.25〜10の範囲にあることが望ましい。また、アラキドン酸の５分の１（重量比）を超えない量のエイコサペンタエン酸の配合した飲食物が望ましい。 The main fatty acids of the brain phospholipid membrane are arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, and considering the balance, the composition of the present invention is preferably a combination of arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. In general, arachidonic acid (n-6 unsaturated fatty acid) and docosahexaenoic acid (n-3 unsaturated fatty acid) are biosynthesized from linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid by the same enzyme, respectively. Therefore, when arachidonic acid is administered alone, the biosynthesis of docosahexaenoic acid is suppressed. Conversely, when docosahexaenoic acid is administered alone, the biosynthesis of arachidonic acid is suppressed. In order to prevent such harmful effects, it is desirable to take arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in combination. Moreover, since the ratio of eicosapentaenoic acid is very low in the phospholipid membrane of the brain, a combination of arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid that hardly contains eicosapentaenoic acid is more desirable. In the combination of arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, the arachidonic acid / docosahexaenoic acid ratio (by weight) is desirably in the range of 0.1 to 15, and preferably in the range of 0.25 to 10. Moreover, the food / beverage which mix | blended the amount of eicosapentaenoic acid of the quantity which does not exceed 1/5 (weight ratio) of arachidonic acid is desirable.
次に、実施例により、本発明をさらに具体的に説明する。しかし、本発明は、下記の実施例に限定されない。
実施例１. アラキドン酸を構成脂肪酸とするトリグリセリドの製造方法
アラキドン酸生産菌としてモルティエレラ・アルピナ（Mortierella alpina）を用いた。グルコース1.8%、脱脂大豆粉3.1%、大豆油1.2%、KH2PO4 0.3%、Na2SO4 0.1%、CaCl2・2H2O 0.05%及びMgCl2・6H2O 0.05%を含む培地6kLを、10kL培養槽に調製し、初発pHを6.0に調整した。前培養液30Lを接種し、温度26℃、通気量 360m3/h、槽内圧200kPaの条件で8日間の通気撹拌培養を行った。なお、攪拌数は溶存酸素濃度を10-15ppmを維持するように調整した。さらに、グルコース濃度を４日目までは流加法によって培地中のグルコース濃度が1-2.5%の範囲内となるように、それ以降は0.5-1%を維持した（上記の%は、重量(W/V)%を意味する）。
Next, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1 Method for Producing Triglyceride Using Arachidonic Acid as Constituent Fatty Acid Mortierella alpina was used as an arachidonic acid-producing bacterium. 1.8% glucose, defatted soybean flour 3.1%, soybean oil 1.2%, KH 2 PO 4 0.3 %, Na 2 SO 4 0.1%, medium with CaCl 2 · 2H 2 O 0.05% and MgCl 2 · 6H 2 O 0.05% 6kL Was prepared in a 10 kL culture tank, and the initial pH was adjusted to 6.0. 30 L of the preculture was inoculated and aerated and stirred for 8 days under conditions of a temperature of 26 ° C., an aeration rate of 360 m 3 / h, and a tank pressure of 200 kPa. The number of stirrings was adjusted to maintain the dissolved oxygen concentration at 10-15 ppm. Furthermore, the glucose concentration was maintained at 0.5-1% until the fourth day so that the glucose concentration in the medium was within the range of 1-2.5% by the fed-batch method (the above% is the weight (W / V)%).
培養終了後、ろ過、乾燥によりアラキドン酸を構成脂肪酸とするトリグリセリドを含有する菌体を回収し、得られた菌体からヘキサン抽出により油脂を抽出し、食用油脂の精製工程（脱ガム、脱酸、脱臭、脱色）を経て、アラキドン酸含有トリグリセリド（構成脂肪酸の一部又は全部がアラキドン酸であるトリグリセリドを含有するトリグリセリド）220kgを得た。得られた油脂（トリグリセリド）をメチルエステル化し、得られた脂肪酸メチルエステルをガスクロマトグラフィーで分析したところ、全脂肪酸に占めるアラキドン酸の割合は27.84%であった。さらに、上記アラキドン酸含有油脂（トリグリセリド）をエチルエステル化し、アラキドン酸エチルエステルを27%含む脂肪酸エチルエステル混合物から、常法の高速液体クロマトグラフィーによって、99%アラキドン酸エチルエステルを分離・精製した。 After completion of the culture, the cells containing triglycerides containing arachidonic acid as a constituent fatty acid are collected by filtration and drying, and the fats and oils are extracted from the obtained cells by hexane extraction. The arachidonic acid-containing triglyceride (triglyceride containing a triglyceride in which part or all of the constituent fatty acid is arachidonic acid) was obtained through 220 deodorization and decolorization. The obtained oil (triglyceride) was methyl esterified, and the obtained fatty acid methyl ester was analyzed by gas chromatography. As a result, the ratio of arachidonic acid in the total fatty acid was 27.84%. Further, the above arachidonic acid-containing oil (triglyceride) was ethyl-esterified, and 99% arachidonic acid ethyl ester was separated and purified from a fatty acid ethyl ester mixture containing 27% arachidonic acid ethyl ester by conventional high performance liquid chromatography.
実施例２. 試験カプセルの製造
ゼラチン100重量部及び食添グリセリン35重量部に水を加え50〜60℃で溶解し、粘度2000cpのゼラチン被膜を調製した。次に実施例１で得たアラキドン酸含有油脂（トリグリセリド）60重量%と魚油（ツナ油：全脂肪酸に占めるドコサヘキサエン酸の割合は、40.5%）40重量％で混合し、ビタミンE油0.05重量%を混合して内容物１を調製した。これら内容物1を用いて、常法によりカプセル成形及び乾燥を行い、一粒240mgの内容物を含有するソフトカプセルを製造した。人試験用の擬似カプセルとして、内容物をオリーブ油（オリーブ油に対してビタミンE油0.05重量%を混合）としたソフトカプセルを同時に製造した。
Example 2 Production of Test Capsule 100 parts by weight of gelatin and 35 parts by weight of dietary glycerin were added with water and dissolved at 50 to 60 ° C. to prepare a gelatin coating having a viscosity of 2000 cp. Next, 60% by weight of arachidonic acid-containing fat / oil (triglyceride) obtained in Example 1 and 40% by weight of fish oil (tuna oil: the proportion of docosahexaenoic acid in the total fatty acids is 40.5%) were mixed, and vitamin E oil 0.05% by weight Were mixed to prepare Content 1. Using these contents 1, capsules were molded and dried by a conventional method to produce soft capsules containing 240 mg of the contents. A soft capsule containing olive oil (mixed with 0.05% by weight of vitamin E oil to olive oil) was simultaneously produced as a pseudo capsule for human testing.
実施例３. 器質的脳障害患者の高次脳機能に及ぼすアラキドン酸およびドコサヘキサエン酸含有食用油脂カプセル摂取試験
RBANS神経心理テスト（Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status）は、その開発者であるRandolphの方法［J Clin Exp Neuropsychol Vol.20 310-319 (1998)］を日本語訳した日本版アーバンス神経心理テスト［脳神経 Vol.54 463-471 (2002)］を用いた。すなわち、即時記憶、視空間・構成、言語、注意および遅延記憶の５つの認知領域について、12の下位検査により評価した。なお、本発明のヒト試験は、ヘルシンキ宣言の精神に則り十分な配慮の下に実施した。
Example 3. Intake test of edible oil and fat capsules containing arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on higher brain function in patients with organic brain disorders
The RBANS Neuropsychological Test (Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status) is a Japanese version of the Urban Neuropsychological Test translated into Japanese by the developer Randolph's method [J Clin Exp Neuropsychol Vol.20 310-319 (1998)]. [Cranial nerve Vol.54 463-471 (2002)] was used. That is, the five cognitive areas of immediate memory, visual space / configuration, language, attention, and delayed memory were evaluated by 12 subtests. The human test of the present invention was conducted with sufficient consideration in accordance with the spirit of the Declaration of Helsinki.
試験参加同意の説明を行い、同意を得られた器質的脳障害患者６名（脳挫傷患者３名、脳梗塞患者３名：いずれも高次脳機能障害の程度が安定している患者）にアーバンス神経心理テストを実施した翌日から、アラキドン酸およびドコサヘキサエン酸をそれぞれ１日240mg摂取できるように、実施例２で調製したアラキドン酸およびドコサヘキサエン酸含有食用油脂カプセル(アラキドン酸およびドコサヘキサエン酸としてそれぞれ40mg/粒)6粒を３ヶ月間服用させた。カプセルの摂取後にもアーバンス神経心理テストを実施し、実施前のテスト結果と、即時記憶、視空間・構成、言語、注意および遅延記憶の５つの認知領域における粗点を比較した。健常高齢者に対して実施したアーバンス神経心理テストにおいても、繰り返し実施による差は認められず、学習効果はないものと考えられる。 Explaining consent to participate in the study, and 6 consenting brain disorder patients (3 patients with cerebral contusion and 3 patients with cerebral infarction: all of whom have a high degree of higher brain dysfunction) From the day after the Urbans Psychological Test, arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid-containing edible oil capsules prepared in Example 2 were prepared so that arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid could be ingested 240 mg each day (40 mg / kg each as arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid). 6 grains) was taken for 3 months. The Urban Neuropsychological Test was also performed after the capsule was ingested, and the test results before the comparison were compared with the rough scores in the five cognitive areas of immediate memory, visuospatial / configuration, language, attention, and delayed memory. In the Urban Neurological Psychological Test conducted on healthy elderly people, there is no difference due to repeated implementation, and it is considered that there is no learning effect.
カプセル摂取前後の即時記憶並びに遅延記憶の粗点の変化を図１に示す。アラキドン酸およびドコサヘキサエン酸含有食用油脂カプセルを摂取することで、即時記憶の粗点が平均で11.9点有意に上昇し、遅延記憶の粗点が平均で18.1点有意に上昇することが明らかとなった。
このように、アラキドン酸およびドコサヘキサエン酸含有食用油脂を服用することで器質的脳障害に起因する高次脳機能の低下を改善することを初めて明らかにした。
FIG. 1 shows changes in the rough points of immediate memory and delayed memory before and after capsule intake. Ingestion of edible oil capsules containing arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid revealed that the mean score of immediate memory was significantly increased by 11.9 points on average, and that of delayed memory was significantly increased by 18.1 points on average .
Thus, for the first time, it has been clarified that taking arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid-containing edible oils and fats improves the lowering of higher brain function due to organic brain damage.
実施例４. 脂肪輸液剤への使用
実施例１で得たアラキドン酸含有油脂（トリグリセリド）200g、魚油を精製したドコサヘキサエン酸含有油脂（トリグリセリド）200g、精製卵黄レシチン48g、オレイン酸20g、グリセリン100g及び0.1N 苛性ソーダ40mlを加え、ホモジナイザーで分散させたのち、注射用蒸留水を加えて４リットルとする。これを高圧噴霧式乳化機にて乳化し、脂質乳液を調製した。該脂質乳液を200mlずつプラスチック製バッグに分注したのち、121℃、20分間、高圧蒸気滅菌処理して脂肪輸液剤とする。
Example 4 Use for Fat Infusion Solution 200 g of arachidonic acid-containing fat (triglyceride) obtained in Example 1, 200 g of docosahexaenoic acid-containing fat (triglyceride) purified from fish oil, 48 g of purified egg yolk lecithin, 20 g of oleic acid, 100 g of glycerin and Add 40 ml of 0.1N caustic soda, disperse with a homogenizer, and add 4 liters of distilled water for injection. This was emulsified with a high-pressure spray type emulsifier to prepare a lipid emulsion. After 200 ml of the lipid emulsion is dispensed into a plastic bag, it is autoclaved at 121 ° C. for 20 minutes to obtain a fat infusion.
実施例５. ジュースへの使用
β-シクロデキストリン2gを20%エタノール水溶液20mlに添加し、ここにスターラーで撹拌しながら、実施例１で得たアラキドン酸含有油脂（トリグリセリド）と魚油を精製したドコサヘキサエン酸含有油脂（トリグリセリド）の混合液（ビタミンEを0.05%配合）100mgを加え、50℃で２時間インキュベートした。室温冷却（約1時間）後、さらに撹拌を続けながら4℃で10時間インキュベートした。生成した沈殿を、遠心分離により回収し、n-ヘキサンで洗浄後、凍結乾燥を行い、アラキドン酸およびドコサヘキサエン酸含有トリグリセリドを含有するシクロデキストリン包接化合物1.8gを得た。この粉末1gをジュース10Lに均一に混ぜ合わせ、アラキドン酸およびドコサヘキサエン酸含有トリグリセリドを含有するジュースを調製した。
Example 5 Use for Juice 2 g of β-cyclodextrin was added to 20 ml of 20% ethanol aqueous solution, and the arachidonic acid-containing oil (triglyceride) and fish oil obtained in Example 1 were purified while stirring with a stirrer. 100 mg of a mixed solution of acid-containing oil (triglyceride) (containing 0.05% vitamin E) was added and incubated at 50 ° C. for 2 hours. After cooling at room temperature (about 1 hour), the mixture was further incubated at 4 ° C. for 10 hours while continuing to stir. The produced precipitate was collected by centrifugation, washed with n-hexane, and freeze-dried to obtain 1.8 g of a cyclodextrin inclusion compound containing arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid-containing triglyceride. 1 g of this powder was uniformly mixed with 10 L of juice to prepare a juice containing arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid-containing triglyceride.
実施例６. アラキドン酸を構成脂肪酸とする化合物を含んで成るカプセルの調製例
ゼラチン100重量部及び食添グリセリン35重量部に水を加え50〜60℃で溶解し、粘度2000cpのゼラチン被膜を調製した。次に実施例1で得たアラキドン酸含有油脂（トリグリセリド）にビタミンE油0.05重量%を混合し、内容物2を調製した。実施例1で得た99%アラキドン酸エチルエステルに、ビタミンE油0.05重量%を混合し内容物3を調製した。これら内容物2から3を用いて、常法によりカプセル成形及び乾燥を行い、一粒当たり180mgの内容物を含有するソフトカプセルを製造した。
Example 6 Preparation Example of Capsule Comprising Compound Containing Arachidonic Acid as Fatty Acid Add water to 100 parts by weight of gelatin and 35 parts by weight of glycerin and dissolve at 50-60 ° C. to prepare a gelatin coating with a viscosity of 2000 cp. did. Next, 0.05% by weight of vitamin E oil was mixed with the arachidonic acid-containing fat (triglyceride) obtained in Example 1 to prepare Content 2. Content 3 was prepared by mixing 99% arachidonic acid ethyl ester obtained in Example 1 with 0.05% by weight of vitamin E oil. Using these contents 2 to 3, capsules were molded and dried by a conventional method to produce soft capsules containing 180 mg of contents per grain.
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