JP2014190848A - Shock recording unit, shock recording system, record reader device, and shock detection method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide; a shock detection unit which is capable of recording a history of shocks experienced thereby, does not require a power source, and can be repetitively used; a shock detection system; a record reader device; and a shock detection method.SOLUTION: A shock recording unit 1 records presence of shock without using a power source and includes; a power generating element 101 which comprises polarized piezoelectric elements and electrodes and generates voltage by contracting upon receiving shock; a rectifier circuit 102 for rectifying the generated voltage in a specific direction; and a recording element 103 which comprises an unpolarized piezoelectric element and electrodes and records shock by allowing the piezoelectric element to be polarized when the rectified voltage exceeds a predetermined level. This allows for recording a history of shock experienced by the shock recording unit without requiring a power source therefor. The shock recording unit can be repetitively used over and over for measuring shock inside a package, for example.

Description

  The present invention relates to an impact recording unit, an impact recording system, a recording / reading apparatus, and an impact detection method for detecting the presence or absence of an impact without a power source.

  In the distribution site, it is necessary to monitor whether the product to be transported is transported without receiving an impact or the like. Conventionally, various monitoring methods are known. For example, in the method described in Non-Patent Document 1, the impact history during transportation is monitored in real time using an acceleration sensor having a power source such as a battery. In addition, the simple ones as described in Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3 are arranged such that paper whose color changes when it is impacted is attached to a baggage, or a tube through which the filled ink flows when it is impacted. I do.

AR-BROWN, “Transport Vibration / Shock Recorder”, [online], [March 6, 2013], Internet <URL: http://www.arbrown.com/em/products/category#transport/> Fuji Film, “Pressure Measurement Film (Prescale)”, [online], [March 6, 2013], Internet <http://fujifilm.jp/business/material/prescale/index.html> KK Arako Gumi, “Try using shock detection <SHOCK WATCH>”, [online], [March 6, 2013], Internet <http://arakogumi.com/media#recovery/index .html # MENU>

  However, the method using an acceleration sensor requires periodic replacement of the battery, and the device tends to be expensive. In addition, the method using paper whose color changes due to impact is stuck on a packing box or the like and is used up, resulting in an increase in cost. And only the location which received the impact changes color, and cannot measure an internal impact. In addition, the method of detecting by ink flowing out of the tube due to impact and coloring it can no longer be reproduced by a device that has been impacted once.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances. An impact detection unit, an impact detection system, a recording / reading apparatus, and an impact detection that can record a history of impacts, do not require a power source, and can be used repeatedly. It aims to provide a method.

  (1) In order to achieve the above object, the impact recording unit of the present invention is an impact recording unit that records the presence or absence of an impact without a power source, and is formed by a polarized piezoelectric body and an electrode, and receives an impact. A power generating element that generates a voltage due to contraction, a rectifying circuit that rectifies the generated voltage in a specific direction, an unpolarized piezoelectric body and an electrode, and the rectified voltage exceeds a predetermined value And a recording element that records the impact when the piezoelectric body is polarized.

  As a result, the history of impacts can be stored, and a power source for that purpose is unnecessary. Further, for example, the impact inside the package can be measured and used repeatedly many times.

  (2) Further, an impact recording system of the present invention is an impact recording system including a plurality of the impact recording units described above, and a voltage that causes polarization in the recording element in one of the plurality of impact recording units. The predetermined value is different from a predetermined value of a voltage at which polarization occurs in the recording element in another unit.

  As a result, it is possible to know not only how much impact has been applied, but also what range of impact has been applied. For example, when a device that is polarized at 1G and a device that is polarized at 5G are bundled, if the 1G sensor is polarized and the 5G sensor is not polarized, the history of impact received is 1-5G. I understand that it is between.

  (3) Further, an impact recording system of the present invention is an impact recording system including a plurality of the above-described impact recording units, wherein the contraction direction of the power generation element in one of the plurality of impact recording units, and the other The plurality of impact recording units are arranged so that the contraction direction of the power generating element in the unit is different. Thereby, it is possible to stably detect an impact in a plurality of directions.

  (4) Further, the recording / reading apparatus of the present invention is a recording / reading apparatus for reading a record of an impact received by the above-described impact recording unit, the capacity measuring unit for measuring the capacity of the recording element, and the measurement And a determination unit that determines the presence or absence of polarization of the recording element based on the capacitance. Thereby, the history of the taken out piezoelectric element for polarization can be determined.

  (5) Moreover, the impact detection method of the present invention is an impact detection method using the impact recording unit described above, the step of preparing the impact recording unit and installing it on an impact management object, and the impact recording unit. And determining whether or not the recording element taken out from the recording medium is polarized. As a result, the history of impacts can be stored, and a power source for that purpose is unnecessary. Further, for example, the impact inside the package can be measured and used repeatedly many times.

  According to the present invention, a history of impacts can be stored, and a power source for that purpose is unnecessary. Further, for example, the impact inside the package can be measured and used repeatedly many times.

It is the schematic which shows the structure of the impact recording unit which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the recording / reading apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the impact recording system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the impact recording system which concerns on 3rd Embodiment.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In order to facilitate understanding of the description, the same reference numerals are given to the same components in the respective drawings, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.

[First Embodiment]
(Shock recording unit)
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the impact recording unit 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the impact recording unit 1 includes a power generation element 101, a rectifier circuit 102, and a recording element 103. The impact recording unit 1 generates power when the power generating element 101 receives an impact, and when the impact exceeds a certain magnitude, the recording element 103 is polarized, so that there is no impact without a power source. Record. Thereafter, by detecting a change in the capacity of the recording element 103, it is possible to read a history of receiving an impact.

  The impact recording unit 1 is installed together with an impact management object (luggage). For example, it can be installed inside a package and the impact inside it can be measured. Note that the impact management object is an object that needs to manage impact history during transportation of a precision device, for example.

  The power generation element 101 has a piezoelectric layer and an electrode laminated. The piezoelectric body is made of, for example, a piezoelectric ceramic such as PZT, is polarized, and generates a voltage by displacement when subjected to an impact. The power generation element 101 may be a bent piezoelectric element. The laminated piezoelectric element is suitable for detecting a relatively large impact, and the bent piezoelectric element is suitable for detecting a small impact.

  The rectifier circuit 102 rectifies the voltage generated by the power generation element 101 into a direct current in a specific direction. Thus, the polarization of the recording element 103 is not canceled by the expansion and contraction of the power generation element 101, and the received impact can be reliably recorded.

  The recording element 103 is formed of an unpolarized piezoelectric body and electrodes, and records an impact by polarizing the piezoelectric body when the rectified DC voltage exceeds a predetermined value. As a result, the history of impacts can be stored. Further, if the piezoelectric body is depolarized in order to erase the memory of the memory element 103, it can be used repeatedly.

  The recording element 103 is polarized when a voltage equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage value is applied in a temperature range (for example, room temperature) used in normal distribution, and depolarizes at a temperature sufficiently higher than the temperature range. Is used. Examples of the piezoelectric material exhibiting such polarization and depolarization characteristics include materials as shown in the following (1) or (2). Among these materials, since the depolarization temperature (180 ° C.) of (1) is lower than the depolarization temperature (310 ° C.) of (2), the material (1) is preferable for the recording element 103. The predetermined voltage value can be controlled in accordance with the material and the structural design of the recording element 103.

_{(1) Pb a Sr b (} Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3) c Zr d Ti e O 3
0.92 ≦ a ≦ 0.94, 0.04 ≦ b ≦ 0.06, 0.36 ≦ c ≦ 0.39, 0.24 ≦ d ≦ 0.27, 0.36 ≦ e ≦ 0.38, c + d + e = 1
(2) Pb _f Sr _g Nb _h Zr _j Ti _k O ₃
0.95 ≦ f ≦ 0.98, 0.04 ≦ g ≦ 0.06, 0.15 ≦ h ≦ 0.25, 0.52 ≦ j ≦ 0.55, 0.45 ≦ k ≦ 0.48, h + j + k = 1

  The impact recording unit 1 has the above-described configuration and is packaged in a package. By doing so, when an impact is received during transportation, the consignee can detect a change in the capacity of the recording element 103 by a recording / reading device described later and know that the impact has been received during transportation. . Further, even if the recording element 103 is once polarized, the polarization is released by heating the recording element 103 to a temperature higher than the depolarization temperature, so that it can be used repeatedly. Moreover, since no battery is used, there is no worry of running out of the battery.

(Recording / reading device)
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram showing the recording / reading apparatus 2. The recording / reading device 2 reads the impact recording received by the impact recording unit 1 from the recording element 103. As shown in FIG. 2, the recording / reading apparatus 2 includes a capacity measurement unit 201 and a determination unit 202.

  The capacity measuring unit 201 measures the capacity of the recording element. It is known that the piezoelectric element generally has a capacitance of several tens of percent higher than that before polarization. Utilizing this characteristic, the presence or absence of polarization can be determined from the measured capacitance.

  The determination unit 202 determines the presence or absence of polarization of the recording element 103 from the measured capacitance. As described above, the recording / reading apparatus 2 can determine whether the impact recording unit 1 has received an impact based on the capacity of the recording element 103 taken out. In this way, the impact history can be detected by determining the polarization of the collected recording element 103.

  With the above configuration, in the impact recording unit 1, it is recorded whether the recording element 103 has received a voltage exceeding a predetermined polarization voltage value, and the presence or absence of polarization of the recording element 103 in the impact recording unit 1 after installation and recovery can be measured. become. As a result, it is possible to detect whether or not the voltage generated in the power generation element 101 due to the impact has reached a predetermined voltage value, that is, a history of whether or not the impact has exceeded a predetermined level.

(Shock detection method)
A method for detecting an impact using the impact recording unit will be described. For example, it can be applied to the case where the impact history is managed when transporting precision equipment. In the impact recording unit 1, a piezoelectric element corresponding to the type and magnitude of impact assumed as the power generation element 101 and an unpolarized piezoelectric element as the recording element 103 are used.

  Such an impact recording unit 1 is prepared and packaged and installed in a package which is an object of impact management. The impact recording unit 1 may be arranged on a specific surface of a rectangular box or may be arranged inside the box.

  If an impact is applied to the arrangement location during transportation, the impact is recorded on the recording element 103. After the impact recording unit 1 is collected, the consignee determines whether the recording element 103 taken out from the impact recording unit 1 is polarized. If the increase in capacity can be detected, it can be known that there was an impact during transportation.

[Second Embodiment]
In the above embodiment, one impact recording unit 1 is used. However, a plurality of impact recording units each having a recording element having a different predetermined voltage value that is polarized can be included and used as an impact recording system. . FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the impact recording system 3.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the impact recording system 3 includes impact recording units 3-1, 3-2. The impact recording units 3-1 and 3-2 include power generation elements 311 and 321, rectifier circuits 312 and 322, and recording elements 313 and 323, respectively. The functions of the power generating elements 311 and 321, the rectifier circuits 312 and 322, and the recording elements 313 and 323 are the same as those of the power generating element 101, the rectifier circuit 102, and the recording element 103, but the thresholds of impact at which the recording elements are polarized are different. ing.

  As described above, the impact recording units 3-1 and 3-2 have different impact thresholds at which the recording elements are polarized. In this way, by packaging a plurality of impact recording units with different thresholds of impact to be polarized so as to detect impacts in the same direction, not only how many G impacts have been applied, but also in which range. You can know if the impact was applied in size.

  As shown in FIG. 3, when an impact recording unit 3-1 that records an impact with 1G and an impact recording unit 3-2 that records an impact with 5G are included, the impact recording unit for recording 1G If the recording element 313 of 3-1 is polarized and the recording element 323 of the impact recording unit 3-2 for recording 5G is not polarized, the magnitude of impact received by the impact management object is 1 to 5G. You can see that In such an impact recording system having a plurality of impact recording units, one or more of the power generation element, the rectifier circuit, and the recording element of each impact recording unit are appropriately adapted to the impact force and generated voltage to be detected. Adjusted.

  When configuring the impact recording system 3, first, a plurality of impact recording units 3-1 and 3-2 having different predetermined voltage values to be polarized are prepared, and these are arranged in the same direction together with the impact management object. The impact recording system 3 is configured so that the impact can be detected by the power generation elements 311 and 321. Then, after the impact management object is transported together with the impact recording system 3, each impact recording unit 3-1, 3-2 is taken out, and whether or not there is an impact on each impact recording unit 3-1, 3-2. Determine. As a result, it is possible to know whether or not the impact is within a predetermined range as well as whether or not the impact is greater than a predetermined value. In the example of the impact recording system described above, two impact recording units are used. However, three or more impact recording units may be used, and thereby the impact range can be further finely provided.

[Third Embodiment]
In addition to the above embodiment, the direction of the power generation element can be changed for each of the plurality of impact recording units, and the direction of the received impact can be detected. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an impact recording system 4 having a plurality of impact recording units in which the arrangement direction of the power generating elements is changed.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the impact recording system 4 includes a plurality of impact recording units 1. The plurality of impact recording units 1 are arranged so that the displacement direction of the power generation element 101 in one unit of the plurality of impact recording units 1 is different from the displacement direction of the power generation element 101 in the other unit, and the impact recording system 4 is configured. In addition, the function of each part of the impact recording unit 1 is the same, and only the arrangement of the power generation element 101 is different.

  The power generating element 101 that generates power upon receiving an impact originally has directionality. By utilizing this directionality, for example, by intentionally setting the power generating element 101 in each of the X, Y, and Z orthogonal coordinate axes, it is possible to detect an impact from any three-dimensional direction. it can. In this way, it is possible to stably detect impacts in a plurality of directions received by the impact management object.

  As in the above embodiment, the impact recording unit and the impact recording system for storing the impact history do not require a battery and can be replayed, so that the price can be drastically reduced and the product can be transported at a lower cost. Can also be used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Impact recording unit 101 Power generation element 102 Rectifier circuit 103 Recording element 2 Recording reader 201 Capacity measurement part 202 Judgment part 3 Impact recording system 3-1, 3-2 Shock recording unit 311, 321 Power generation element 312, 322 Rectification circuit 313, 323 Recording element 4 Impact recording system

Claims (5)

An impact recording unit that records the presence or absence of an impact without a power source,
A power generation element that is formed by a polarized piezoelectric body and electrodes and generates a voltage by contraction when subjected to an impact;
A rectifier circuit for rectifying the generated voltage in a specific direction;
A recording element that is formed by an unpolarized piezoelectric material and an electrode, and records the impact by polarizing the piezoelectric material when the rectified voltage exceeds a predetermined value. Shock recording unit. An impact recording system comprising a plurality of impact recording units according to claim 1,
An impact characterized in that a predetermined value of a voltage causing polarization in the recording element in one unit of the plurality of impact recording units is different from a predetermined value of a voltage causing polarization in the recording element in another unit. Recording system. An impact recording system comprising a plurality of impact recording units according to claim 1,
The plurality of impact recording units are arranged such that the contraction direction of the power generation element in one unit of the plurality of impact recording units is different from the contraction direction of the power generation element in another unit. Characteristic impact recording system. A recording / reading device for reading a record of impact received by the impact recording unit according to claim 1,
A capacity measuring unit for measuring the capacity of the recording element;
And a determination unit that determines the presence or absence of polarization of the recording element from the measured capacitance. An impact detection method using the impact recording unit according to claim 1,
Preparing the impact recording unit and installing it on an impact management object;
Determining the presence or absence of polarization of the recording element taken out from the impact recording unit.

Images