JP2014173164A - Stave cooler and blast furnace including the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stave cooler and a blast furnace that are capable of elongating product life.SOLUTION: A stave cooler 100 includes a body 102. A cooling passage 108 that permits communication of a cooling medium is formed inside the body 102. In an installation state in which the stave cooler 100 is installed on a furnace wall of a blast furnace, a front surface 102a of the body 102 faces toward the center of a space surrounded by the furnace wall, and a back surface 102b of the body 102 faces an inner peripheral surface of the furnace wall. The body 102 comprises: an opening 120a that communicates with a surface thereof; a bottom 120b located closer to the back surface than the opening; a first groove 120 having a depth in a thickness direction of the body 102 connecting the front surface 102a and the back surface 102b; and a second groove 122 that is located closer to the back surface 102b than the first groove 120 and communicates with the bottom of the first groove 120. A front surface refractory 128 and a rear surface refractory 130 are respectively engaged with the first groove 120 and the second groove 122. The body 102 is made of a rolled sheet of copper or copper alloy.

Description

  The present invention relates to a stave cooler for cooling a furnace wall and a blast furnace equipped with the stave cooler.

  Since the inside of the furnace body of the blast furnace becomes extremely hot, a large number of stave coolers for cooling and protecting the wall surface of the furnace body, that is, the furnace wall, are installed along the inner peripheral surface of the furnace body. In such a stave cooler, a cooling channel through which a cooling medium flows is formed in the main body, and the furnace wall is cooled by circulating the cooling medium through the cooling channel.

  In a blast furnace, fillings in the furnace, such as iron ore and coke, are introduced and lowered from the top of the furnace body, but depending on the installation location of the stave cooler, such as the furnace belly, it is still hard as a filling in the furnace. Sintered ore comes into contact with the surface of the main body of the stave cooler facing the center of the furnace body. In this way, when the surface of the main body of the stave cooler is worn out due to contact wear of the furnace filling, the main body of the stave cooler is gradually scraped from the surface side, and finally the cooling flow path formed inside the main body Is destroyed.

  Therefore, in the stave cooler shown in Patent Document 1, a first groove and a second groove located on the back side of the first groove are formed on the front surface side of the main body, and these first grooves are formed. And by fitting a refractory such as brick into the second groove, the main body is protected from the furnace filling. According to this stave cooler, even if the refractory fitted in the first groove located on the surface side is scraped by contact wear with the furnace filling, the second groove located on the back side of the main body. Since the refractory fitted to the left remains, the life of the stave cooler can be extended.

JP 2000-87123 A

  In the above-mentioned stave cooler, the refractory is firmly held in the first groove by the ribs located between the first grooves adjacent to each other in the height direction of the main body. However, the stave cooler shown in Patent Document 1 has a main body made of an iron-based material such as cast iron, cast steel, or steel plate. Such a cast iron main body has a problem that when the temperature exceeds 400 ° C., the hot strength rapidly decreases and deformation due to thermal stress is likely to occur.

  Therefore, cracks are likely to occur in the rib exposed to the highest temperature, and the refractory falls off due to damage to the rib, resulting in a short life of the stave cooler and hence the blast furnace.

  The objective of this invention is providing the stave cooler and blast furnace which can lengthen a product life.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the stave cooler of the present invention has a cooling channel through which a cooling medium flows inside the main body, and in the installed state installed on the furnace wall of the blast furnace, the surface of the main body has the furnace A stave cooler facing the center side of the space surrounded by the wall and having the back surface of the main body facing the inner peripheral surface of the furnace wall, the main body having an opening that opens to the surface, and the opening A first groove having a bottom portion located on the back surface side and having a depth in the thickness direction of the main body connecting the surface and the back surface; and located on the back surface side of the first groove, the first groove A second groove that opens to the bottom of the groove, a refractory is fitted into the first groove and the second groove, and the main body is made of a rolled plate material of copper or copper alloy. Features.

  The first groove and the second groove extend in the body width direction connecting both side ends of the main body located in the circumferential direction of the furnace wall in the installed state of the main body, and the height of the furnace wall It is preferable that a plurality are formed in the main body height direction connecting the upper end and the lower end of the direction while maintaining the interval.

  The second groove preferably has a smaller groove width in the main body height direction than the first groove.

  The first groove and the second groove may have a so-called dovetail shape in which the cross-sectional area in the main body height direction gradually decreases from the back side to the front side of the main body.

  Further, it is preferable that a front refractory is fitted in the first groove, and a rear refractory configured separately from the front refractory is fitted in the second groove.

  Moreover, the front refractory is good to be divided | segmented into plurality in the main body height direction.

  Also, the rear refractory preferably has higher heat transfer than the front refractory.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the blast furnace of the present invention has a cooling channel through which a cooling medium flows inside the main body, and in the installed state installed on the furnace wall, the surface of the main body is A blast furnace having a stave cooler facing the center side of the space surrounded by the main body and facing the inner peripheral surface of the furnace wall on the back surface of the main body, the stave cooler comprising: an opening opening on the surface; and A first groove having a bottom located on the back side of the opening and having a depth in the thickness direction of the main body connecting the surface and the back side, and located on the back side of the first groove; And a second groove opening at the bottom of the first groove is formed in the main body, a refractory is fitted into the first groove and the second groove, and the main body is made of copper or copper alloy. It is characterized by comprising a plate material.

  According to the present invention, the life of the blast furnace can be extended by extending the life of the stave cooler.

It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating a blast furnace. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the installation state of a stave cooler. It is the III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG. (A) is a front view of a stave cooler, (b) is IV (b) -IV (b) sectional view taken on the line of (a). It is the elements on larger scale of FIG.4 (b).

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The dimensions, materials, and other specific numerical values shown in the embodiments are merely examples for facilitating the understanding of the invention, and do not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified. In the present specification and drawings, elements having substantially the same function and configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted, and elements not directly related to the present invention are not illustrated. To do.

  FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a blast furnace 1. A blast furnace 1 shown in FIG. 1 melts iron ore, which is a metal raw material, to produce pig iron. Iron ore, a reducing agent serving as a fuel such as coke, limestone that removes impurities (hereinafter referred to as iron ore, A raw material tank 2 for storing a mixture of a reducing agent, limestone and the like is simply referred to as “fill in the furnace”). The filling in the furnace stored in the raw material tank 2 is conveyed to the furnace top of the furnace body 6 by the charging conveyor 4 and charged from the top of the furnace into a hopper 8 provided on the top of the furnace body 6.

  Below the hopper 8, there is provided a distribution chute 10 that allows the furnace charge falling from the hopper 8 to drop downward while sliding on the inclined surface. The distribution chute 10 is arranged so that one end is located directly below the central portion of the hopper 8, and rotates in the direction of the arrow indicated by the broken line in the drawing with the one end side as the central axis. As a result, the in-furnace filling dropped from the hopper 8 falls while sliding on the inclined surface of the distribution chute 10 and is distributed and charged throughout the entire periphery of the furnace body 6.

  A tuyere 12 is provided below the furnace body 6, and hot air is introduced into the furnace body 6 from the tuyere 12. The hot air introduced into the furnace body 6 ascends the furnace body 6, but when coke in the in-furnace filling falling from the distribution chute 10 is burned by the hot air, carbon monoxide (reducing agent) is generated, and carbon of the coke is produced. The components deprive the iron of oxygen and produce carbon dioxide and heat, and this reaction serves as a heat source to melt the iron ore. In the process of dropping the filling in the furnace, such a reaction is continuously performed, and the combustion temperature becomes the highest when reaching the lower part of the furnace body 6, and high-temperature liquid pig iron is obtained at the bottom of the furnace body 6. A gas conduit 14 is connected to the furnace top of the furnace body 6, and high-temperature blast furnace gas is discharged from the furnace body 6 to the gas conduit 14.

  Further, since the inside of the furnace body 6 becomes extremely hot, a stave cooler 100 that cools and protects the furnace wall 6 a called a “iron skin” is installed inside the furnace body 6. Many stave coolers 100 are installed along the inner peripheral surface of the furnace wall 6a. Below, the structure of the stave cooler 100 is explained in full detail using FIGS.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the installation state of the stave cooler 100, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the stave cooler 100 of the present embodiment includes a main body 102 made of a rolled sheet of copper or copper alloy that is disposed with a gap maintained on the inner peripheral surface of the furnace wall 6 a of the blast furnace 1. I have.

  Hereinafter, in the installed state in which the main body 102 is disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the furnace wall 6a, the surface facing the center side of the space surrounded by the furnace wall 6a is referred to as the surface 102a, and the gap is maintained in the furnace wall 6a. In other words, the surface facing the furnace wall 6a is the back surface 102b. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 3, in the installation state of the stave cooler 100, both side ends of the main body 102 located in the circumferential direction of the furnace wall 6a are side surfaces 102c. The direction connecting both side surfaces 102c is the width direction of the main body 102 (x direction in the figure), and in the installed state of the stave cooler 100, the upper surface located on the furnace top side of the furnace body 6 and the lower side of the furnace body 6 The direction connecting the lower surface is defined as the height direction (y direction in the drawing) of the main body 102, and the direction connecting the front surface 102a and the back surface 102b is described as the thickness direction (z direction in the drawing) of the main body 102.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a bolt 106 is fixed to the back surface 102b of the main body 102 via a bolt spacer 104, and the stave cooler 100 is installed in the furnace wall 6a by the bolt 106.

  As is clear from FIGS. 2 and 3, a plurality (four in this embodiment) of cooling channels 108 through which the cooling medium flows are formed inside the main body 102. Each cooling flow path 108 extends linearly in the height direction (y direction) of the main body 102 from the upper surface side to the lower surface side of the main body 102, and each cooling flow path 108 extends in the width direction ( (x direction) are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval. A water supply pipe 110 is connected to the lower end side of each cooling channel 108, and a drain pipe 112 is connected to the upper end side of each cooling channel 108. At this time, a pipe portion spacer 114 is provided between the back surface 102b of the main body 102 and the furnace wall 6a, which is a connection portion between the main body 102, the water supply pipe 110, and the drain pipe 112. A compensator 116 having a gas sealing function is provided outside the furnace wall 6 a so that no stress is applied to the water supply pipe 110 and the drain pipe 112 when the main body 102 is thermally deformed.

  With the above configuration, when the cooling medium is supplied from the water supply pipe 110 to the cooling flow path 108, the cooling medium flows from the lower side to the upper side in the height direction (y direction) of the furnace wall 6 a inside the main body 102. The cooling medium is discharged from the drain pipe 112 to the outside of the furnace body 6. Thereby, the furnace wall 6a of the furnace body 6 is cooled in the process in which the cooling medium circulates inside the main body 102.

  A plurality of first grooves 120 and second grooves 122 extending in the width direction (x direction) of the main body 102 are formed on the surface 102 a of the main body 102. The plurality of first grooves 120 and second grooves 122 are formed so as to be aligned in parallel while maintaining a predetermined interval in the height direction (y direction) of the main body 102. In the present embodiment, a portion of the main body 102 located between the first grooves 120 adjacent in the height direction (y direction), in other words, the first groove 120 of the main body 102 is formed. The part is referred to as a first rib 124. Further, a portion of the main body 102 that is located between the second grooves 122 adjacent in the height direction (y direction), in other words, a portion of the main body 102 that forms the second groove 122 is the second. The rib 126 is used.

  A front refractory 128 is fitted in the first groove 120, and a rear refractory 130, which is a separate body from the front refractory 128, is fitted in the second groove 122. The front refractory 128 and the rear refractory 130 are made of, for example, bricks extending in the width direction (x direction) of the main body 102, and serve to protect the stave cooler 100 from the heat inside the furnace body 6. I'm in charge.

  4A is a front view of the stave cooler 100, FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV (b) -IV (b) of FIG. 4A, and FIG. It is the elements on larger scale of (b). However, in FIG. 5, for convenience of explanation, a part of the front refractory 128 and the rear refractory 130 are omitted. As shown in FIGS. 4B and 5, the first groove 120 and the second groove 122 are grooves having a depth in the thickness direction of the main body 102, and the first groove 120 has a surface 102 a. And an opening 120a that opens to the back surface 102b, and a bottom 120b that is located closer to the back surface 102b than the opening 120a. The second groove 122 has an opening 122a that opens to the bottom 120b of the first groove 120, and a bottom 122b that is located closer to the back surface 102b than the opening 122a. As is clear from this, the second groove 122 is continuous with the first groove 120 in the thickness direction of the main body 102 at a position deeper than the first groove 120.

  Each of the first groove 120 and the second groove 122 has a tapered shape in which the cross-sectional area in the height direction of the main body 102 gradually decreases from the back surface 102b side to the front surface 102a side (so-called “existing groove shape”). Is formed. In other words, the first rib 124 and the second rib 126 are formed in a tapered shape in which the width in the height direction of the main body 102 gradually increases from the back surface 102b toward the surface 102a.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 5, the dimensional relationship among the first groove 120, the second groove 122, and the first rib 124 will be described. The groove width W <b> 2 in the height direction at the bottom 122 b of the second groove 122 is as follows. The groove width W1 in the height direction at the opening 120a of the first groove 120 is smaller. The width W3 in the height direction of the first rib 124 is formed to be smaller than the groove width W1 in the height direction in the opening 120a of the first groove 120. It should be noted that the depth L1 of the first groove 120 in the thickness direction of the main body 102 and the depth L2 of the second groove 122 in the thickness direction of the main body 102 are approximately equal.

  As described above, the front refractory 128 is fitted in the first groove 120, and the rear refractory 130 is fitted in the second groove 122. The front refractory 128 and the rear refractory 130 are inserted in the width direction from the side surface 102c of the main body 102 with respect to the first groove 120 and the second groove 122, respectively. The front refractory 128 maintains a dimensional relationship in which a slight gap is formed between the front refractory 128 and the inner surface of the first groove 120 when the front refractory 130 is fitted in the first groove 120. In the state of being fitted in the second groove 122, a dimensional relationship is maintained in which a slight gap is formed between the inner surface of the second groove 122. Therefore, the front refractory 128 and the rear refractory 130 can be easily inserted into the first groove 120 and the second groove 122, respectively. In the insertion process of the front refractory 128 and the rear refractory 130, mortar may be applied to the gap as a cushion margin with the main body 102.

  The front refractory 128 inserted and fitted into the first groove 120 as described above, and the rear refractory 130 inserted and fitted into the second groove 122 are connected to the first groove 120 and the first groove 120. Due to the tapered shape of the second groove 122, the groove 122 is firmly held without falling off the main body 102.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the front refractory 128 and the rear refractory 130 are configured separately, and more than one front refractory 128 is provided in the height direction of the main body 102 (128a, 128b). The front refractory 128 and the rear refractory 130 may be integrally formed. However, in this case, when a crack occurs in the refractory due to a thermal attack in the high temperature region on the inner surface side of the furnace body 6, the crack is generated all at once. There is a risk that the refractory will drop from the main body 102 at an early stage. If the front refractory 128 and the rear refractory 130 are configured separately as in the present embodiment, and the front refractory 128 is divided into a plurality of pieces, crack extension is suppressed, and the front refractory 128 and the rear refractory 128 are separated. The refractory 130 can be prevented from falling off over a long period of time.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the front refractory 128 that is located inside the furnace body 6 and that is in contact with hard sintered ore as a high temperature region and filling in the furnace is, for example, ultrahigh heat resistance and wear resistance. It is made of high alumina brick that is excellent in corrosion resistance and hot characteristics. On the other hand, the rear refractory 130 positioned closer to the cooling flow path 108 than the front refractory 128 is highly heat-conductive, has high mechanical strength in a high temperature range, and is wet with molten metal. Consists of difficult silicon carbide SiC bricks (Silicon Carbide Refractories). That is, the front refractory 128 has higher heat resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and hot characteristics than the rear refractory 130, and the rear refractory 130 is made of a material having higher heat transfer than the front refractory 128.

  As described above, according to the stave cooler 100 of the present embodiment, the main body 102 is configured by a rolled plate material of copper or copper alloy having high heat conductivity, and the rear refractory 130 is more thermally conductive than the front refractory 128. Therefore, the heat of the front refractory 128 and the first rib 124 holding the front refractory 128 can be quickly released to the cooling flow path 108. In addition, since the rear refractory 130 has higher heat transfer properties than the front refractory 128, the temperature of the main body 102 rises from the back 102b side to the front surface 102a side, and is exposed to a particularly high temperature range. It is possible to suppress wear due to local deformation due to a thermal attack of the first rib 124.

  Further, as described above, the groove width W1 of the first groove 120 is larger than the width W3 of the first rib 124, and the area occupied by the front refractory 128 on the surface 102a of the main body 102 is large. The function to protect the main body 102 from the high is high. On the other hand, if the blast furnace 1 has been operating for a long time, the surface 102a of the main body 102, that is, the first rib 124 and the front refractory 128 are gradually scraped by contact wear with the furnace filling, Leads to disappearance. When the first rib 124 and the front refractory 128 disappear in this manner, the second rib 126 and the rear refractory 130 face the furnace.

  At this time, since the volume occupied by the second rib 126 (the surface area occupied by the surface 102a) is larger than that of the first rib 124, the surface 102a of the main body 102 that is exposed to a high temperature. It can cool enough to the side. Therefore, even after the first rib 124 and the front refractory 128 disappear, even if the second rib 126 and the rear refractory 130 are exposed to a high temperature, the second rib 126 is unlikely to be cracked, and for a long time. This prevents the rear refractory 130 from falling off.

  As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described referring an accompanying drawing, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited to this embodiment. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the claims, and these are naturally within the technical scope of the present invention. Is done.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the front refractory 128 and the rear refractory 130 formed separately are fitted into the first groove 120 and the second groove 122, respectively, and the front refractory 128 includes a plurality of front refractories 128. The case where it is divided into blocks has been described. However, all the refractories that fit into the first groove 120 and the second groove 122 may be integrally formed.

  Moreover, it is needless to say that the shape, number, size, and material of the first groove 120, the second groove 122, the front refractory 128, and the rear refractory 130 in the above embodiment are merely examples, and can be appropriately designed. .

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for a stave cooler that cools a furnace wall and a blast furnace equipped with the stave cooler.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Blast furnace 100 ... Stave cooler 102 ... Main body 102a ... Surface 102b ... Back surface 108 ... Cooling flow path 120 ... 1st groove | channel 120a ... Opening part 120b ... Bottom 122 ... 2nd groove | channel 128 ... Front refractory 130 ... Rear refractory

Claims (8)

A cooling flow path through which the cooling medium flows is formed inside the main body, and in the installed state where the cooling medium is installed on the furnace wall of the blast furnace, the surface of the main body faces the center side of the space surrounded by the furnace wall, A back cooler facing the inner peripheral surface of the furnace wall,
The body is
A first groove having a depth in the thickness direction of the main body, which has an opening that opens to the surface, and a bottom that is located on the back side of the opening, and connects the surface and the back;
A second groove located on the back side of the first groove and opening at the bottom of the first groove;
With
A refractory is fitted into the first groove and the second groove,
The said body is comprised with the rolled sheet material of copper or a copper alloy, The stave cooler characterized by the above-mentioned. The first groove and the second groove are:
The main body height direction extending in the main body width direction connecting both side ends of the main body located in the circumferential direction of the furnace wall in the installed state of the main body, and connecting the upper end and the lower end in the height direction of the furnace wall 2. The stave cooler according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of stave coolers are formed while maintaining an interval.   The stave cooler according to claim 2, wherein the second groove has a groove width in the main body height direction smaller than that of the first groove. The first groove and the second groove are:
4. The stave cooler according to claim 2, wherein a cross-sectional area in the main body height direction is gradually reduced from a back surface side to a front surface side of the main body. 5. A front refractory is fitted in the first groove,
The stave cooler according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein a rear refractory configured separately from the front refractory is fitted into the second groove.   6. The stave cooler according to claim 5, wherein the front refractory is divided into a plurality of parts in the main body height direction.   The stave cooler according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the rear refractory has higher heat transfer than the front refractory. A cooling flow path through which a cooling medium flows is formed inside the main body, and in the installed state installed on the furnace wall, the surface of the main body faces the center side of the space surrounded by the furnace wall, and the back surface of the main body is A blast furnace provided with a stave cooler facing the inner peripheral surface of the furnace wall,
The stave cooler
A first groove having a depth in the thickness direction of the main body, which has an opening that opens to the surface, and a bottom that is located on the back side of the opening, and connects the surface and the back; A second groove located on the back side of the first groove and opening at the bottom of the first groove is formed in the main body;
A refractory is fitted into the first groove and the second groove,
A blast furnace provided with a stave cooler, wherein the main body is made of a rolled plate material of copper or a copper alloy.

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